CN107702079B - A kind of photo-thermal power station containing electric heater unit and its modeling and optimizing operation method - Google Patents
A kind of photo-thermal power station containing electric heater unit and its modeling and optimizing operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107702079B CN107702079B CN201710842946.6A CN201710842946A CN107702079B CN 107702079 B CN107702079 B CN 107702079B CN 201710842946 A CN201710842946 A CN 201710842946A CN 107702079 B CN107702079 B CN 107702079B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/006—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using solar heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/06—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being molten; Use of molten metal, e.g. zinc, as heat transfer medium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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Abstract
The invention proposes a kind of photo-thermal power station containing electric heater unit and its modeling and optimizing operation methods.Model is suitable for the scenes such as independently operated photo-thermal power station and the system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other containing wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic, photo-thermal power generation, it considers a variety of operations constraints, comprising: using hot salt cellar as the constraint of the heating power balance of node, the heat to electricity conversion relation constraint of electric heater unit, hot tank by when heat accumulation state constraint, calculating cycle memory quantity of heat storage is equal to the constraint of release heat, the heat to electricity conversion constraint of steam turbine generator, the starting heat constraint of steam turbine and power balance constraint, abandons photoelectricity force constraint etc. for the abandonment of electric heater unit.The optimization problem is solved using MIXED INTEGER linear optimization technology.By installing suitable electric heater unit additional in photo-thermal power station, the abandoning electricity of new energy can be efficiently reduced, photo-thermal power generation amount is increased, is conducive to the performance driving economy for improving photo-thermal power station and system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to photothermal technique field, in particular to a kind of photo-thermal power station containing electric heater unit and its modeling and
Optimizing operation method.
Background technique
Solar light-heat power-generation technology is another main Solar use mode in addition to photovoltaic power generation.China can be with
The area for meeting photo-thermal power station illumination condition requirement is located at northwest and the north mostly, these regional wind-powered electricity generation, solar energy resources compared with
Abundant, the extensive access of wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic brings difficulty with Real-Time Scheduling a few days ago to electric system.Photo-thermal electricity containing heat accumulation
The introducing for heat accumulation link of standing keeps the power output of photo-thermal power station steadily controllable, and photo-thermal power station is combined with wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic composition provides multiple forms of energy to complement each other
When system generates electricity, the uncertainty of wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic can be reduced, reduces the abandoning electricity rate of new energy to a certain extent.But for new energy
For the excessively high the Northwest of source permeability, it is limited to the capacity limit of peak load stations, energy storage facility, still remains the electric rate mistake of abandoning
High problem.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of modeling of photo-thermal power station containing electric heater unit and its optimization operation sides
Method.The abandoning electricity that new energy can be efficiently reduced is conducive to the performance driving economy for improving photo-thermal power station and system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other.From
And the flexibility of photo-thermal power station operation is improved, there is practical significance and promotional value.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of photo-thermal power station containing electric heater unit, including light and heat collection system, endothermic system, heat-storing device, heat exchange
System and steam turbine generator；The light and heat collection system is used to provide thermal energy to heat dump；The outlet of heat dump and heat accumulation fill
The first entrance for the hot salt storage tank set connects, the first outlet connection of the cold salt storage tank of the entrance and heat-storing device of heat dump；It is cold
The second outlet of salt storage tank is connect by electric heater unit with the second entrance of hot salt storage tank；The outlet and heat exchange of hot salt storage tank are
The high temperature inlet of the steam generator of system connects, and the low-temperature outlet of steam generator is connect with the entrance of cold salt storage tank, to realize
Fused salt circulation；The hot outlet of steam generator and the entrance of steam turbine generator connect, and the outlet of steam turbine generator passes through condensing
The low-temperature inlet of device and steam generator connection, to realize steam circulation.
Photo-thermal power station modeling meets following constraint:
Equality constraint:
The heating power balance of hot salt storage tank node constrains are as follows:
In formula,Respectively indicate the thermal power that t moment flows into hot salt storage tank through heat dump, electric heater unit；Respectively indicate the thermal power of the hot salt storage tank release of t moment, storage；Indicate that t moment flows to steam generator
Thermal power；
The heat to electricity conversion relationship of electric heater unit are as follows:
In formula, ηEHIndicate the electric-thermal transfer efficiency of electric heater unit；Indicate the electrical power of t moment electric heater unit；
Hot salt storage tank by when heat accumulation state equation are as follows:
In formula,Indicate the quantity of heat storage that the hot salt storage tank of t moment is deposited；γTSIndicate the dissipative system of hot salt storage tank fused salt heat
Number；Δ t is the time interval calculated；
A further improvement of the present invention lies in that: according to engineering experience, fused salt declines about 1 DEG C daily, γTSVery little is negligible,
Above formula can simplify are as follows:
For hot salt storage tank not across periodic adjustment, calculating cycle memory quantity of heat storage is equal to release heat:
The thermal power main application of input steam generator is divided into two parts:
In formula:Indicate that t moment is used to start the thermal power of steam turbine generator,Indicate t moment input steamer hair
The thermal power of motor；
Heat into steam turbine generator reaches the starting requirement constraint of steam turbine generator minimum:
In formula:Indicate the required minimum heat for starting steam turbine generator；It is for expression k moment unit
The 0-1 variable of no starting when the value is 1, indicates k moment unit starting；Δ t is the time interval calculated；
The heat to electricity conversion relationship of steam turbine generator are as follows:
In formula:Indicate the power output of t moment photo-thermal power station, the efficiency curve of steam turbine generator be it is nonlinear, herein
Use Piecewise Linear Representation；
Inequality constraints:
The thermal power for inputting steam generator is no more than steam generator maximal input:
In formula:Indicate steam generator maximal input；
The constraint of Turbo-generator Set minimum start and stop:
In formula,Booting is indicated for the 0-1 variable for indicating t moment Unit Commitment state, 1；Ton, ToffBe switched on for minimum,
Downtime；TnFor calculating cycle；
The constraint of Turbo-generator Set Startup time:
The constraint of Turbo-generator Set Startup time:
In formula:Indicate that photo-thermal power station is shut down in t moment for the 0-1 variable for indicating t moment shutdown, 1；
Unit output restriction:
In formula:Respectively indicate power output lower limit, the upper limit of unit, it should be pointed out that in booting moment unit
First heat engine is needed, after-heat is not able to satisfy power output and requires；
Hot salt storage tank release, the thermal power stored will meet constraint:
In formula:The maximum value of hot salt storage tank storage, release thermal power is respectively indicated,To indicate heat
The 0-1 variable of salt storage tank storage state, 1 indicates hot salt storage tank storage, and hot tank not only cannot store simultaneously but also discharge heat；
The storage heat of hot salt storage tank will meet constraint:
In formula:Respectively indicate lower limit, the upper limit of hot salt storage tank memory capacity.
Optimization object function when the photo-thermal power station independent operating are as follows:
In formula, first item is photo-thermal power station power selling income, and Section 2 is that purchases strategies are shut down in power station, and Section 3 is power station purchase
Buy the cost for abandoning electricity；pCSPIndicate the sale of electricity electricity price of photo-thermal power station；pEIndicate power station from power grid purchase electricity price；pEHIndicate power station from
The electricity price of electricity is abandoned in power grid purchase；EBUYFrom power grid power purchase electricity when expression compressor emergency shutdown；
The constraint condition that the photo-thermal power station also needs to meet are as follows:
In formula,It can be from the abandoning electricity electric power of systems buying for t moment photo-thermal power station.
The optimization object function of system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other containing the photo-thermal power station are as follows:
In formula, first two are respectively abandonment, abandoning light punishment；Section 3 is to punish photo-thermal, wherein first item is few power generation
Punishment, Section 2 are to shut down power purchase expense, and Section 3 is electric heating punishment；Last is the punishment of channel free time, λiFor punishment
Coefficient；It contributes for wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic prediction,For wind-powered electricity generation, the practical power output of photovoltaic；ηRecFor thermo-electrically conversion
Efficiency；For channel idle capacity；
The constraint condition that the system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other also needs to meet are as follows:
In formula,For t moment channel ability of supplying electric power；Electricity part is abandoned for electrically heated for wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic original
Power output；
The light and heat collection system (1) is tower or slot type collecting system.
A kind of modeling of the photo-thermal power station containing electric heater unit and optimizing operation method, comprising the following steps:
When for the power station independent operating, the photo-thermal power station model containing electric heater unit and energy storage device, the mould are established
Type is made of objective function and constraint condition；Using photo-thermal power station Income Maximum as optimization aim, this running body of photo-thermal power station is considered
Constraint；Finally, the optimal solution acquired is as photo-thermal power station active power output by mixed integer optimization derivation algorithm to model solution
Plan and storage tank charge and discharge strategy；
For containing the power station provide multiple forms of energy to complement each other system when, initially set up the photo-thermal containing electric heater unit and energy storage device
Then power station model establishes the optimal operation model of the system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other constituted containing wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic, photo-thermal power station, the mould
Type is made of objective function and constraint condition；Objective function is that system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other runs totle drilling cost minimum, and constraint condition is divided into
Operation of Electric Systems constraint condition and the constraint of this running body of photo-thermal power station；Finally, by mixed integer optimization derivation algorithm to more
Energy complementary system Unit Combination model solution, using obtained optimal solution as system unit operation reserve of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other.
As a further improvement of the present invention, it establishes the photo-thermal power station model containing electric heater unit and refers to that cold salt storage tank is molten
Salt is pumped up toward electric heater unit, enters hot salt storage tank after electric heating, and one simultaneously more than from cold salt storage tank to hot salt storage tank for fused salt
Row access realizes conversion and storage of the electricity to heat.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the constraint of the photo-thermal power station model containing electric heater unit is as follows:
1) equality constraint
The heating power balance of hot salt storage tank node constrains are as follows:
In formula,Respectively indicate the thermal power that t moment flows into hot salt storage tank through heat dump, electric heater unit；Respectively indicate the thermal power of the hot salt storage tank release of t moment, storage；Indicate that t moment flows to steam generator
Thermal power；
The heat to electricity conversion relationship of electric heater unit are as follows:
In formula, ηEHIndicate the electric-thermal transfer efficiency of electric heater unit；Indicate the electrical power of t moment electric heater unit；
Hot salt storage tank by when heat accumulation state equation are as follows:
In formula,Indicate the quantity of heat storage that the hot salt storage tank of t moment is deposited；γTSIndicate the dissipative system of hot salt storage tank fused salt heat
Number；Δ t is the time interval calculated；
A further improvement of the present invention lies in that: according to engineering experience, fused salt declines about 1 DEG C daily, γTSVery little is negligible,
Above formula can simplify are as follows:
For hot salt storage tank not across periodic adjustment, calculating cycle memory quantity of heat storage is equal to release heat:
The thermal power main application of input steam generator is divided into two parts:
In formula:Indicate that t moment is used to start the thermal power of steam turbine generator,Indicate t moment input steamer hair
The thermal power of motor；
Heat into steam turbine generator reaches the starting requirement constraint of steam turbine generator minimum:
In formula:Indicate the required minimum heat for starting steam turbine generator；It is for expression k moment unit
The 0-1 variable of no starting when the value is 1, indicates k moment unit starting；Δ t is the time interval calculated；
The heat to electricity conversion relationship of steam turbine generator are as follows:
In formula:Indicate the power output of t moment photo-thermal power station；The efficiency curve of steam turbine generator be it is nonlinear, herein
Use Piecewise Linear Representation；
2) inequality constraints
The thermal power for inputting steam generator is no more than steam generator maximal input:
In formula:Indicate steam generator maximal input；
The constraint of Turbo-generator Set minimum start and stop:
In formula,Booting, T are indicated for the 0-1 variable for indicating t moment Unit Commitment state, 1on, ToffBe switched on for minimum,
Downtime；TnFor calculating cycle；
The constraint of Turbo-generator Set Startup time:
The constraint of Turbo-generator Set Startup time:
In formula:Indicate that photo-thermal power station is shut down in t moment for the 0-1 variable for indicating t moment shutdown, 1；
Unit output restriction:
In formula:Respectively indicate power output lower limit, the upper limit of unit；
Hot salt storage tank release, the thermal power stored will meet constraint:
In formula:The maximum value of hot salt storage tank storage, release thermal power is respectively indicated,To indicate heat
The 0-1 variable of salt storage tank storage state, 1 indicates hot salt storage tank storage, and hot tank not only cannot store simultaneously but also discharge heat；
The storage heat of hot salt storage tank will meet constraint:
In formula:Respectively indicate lower limit, the upper limit of hot salt storage tank memory capacity.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the optimization object function when photo-thermal power station independent operating are as follows:
In formula, first item is photo-thermal power station power selling income, and Section 2 is that purchases strategies are shut down in power station, and Section 3 is power station purchase
Buy the cost for abandoning electricity；pCSPIndicate the sale of electricity electricity price of photo-thermal power station；pEIndicate power station from power grid purchase electricity price；pEHIndicate power station from
The electricity price of electricity is abandoned in power grid purchase；EBUYFrom power grid power purchase electricity when expression compressor emergency shutdown；
The constraint condition that the photo-thermal power station also needs to meet are as follows:
In formula,It can be from the abandoning electricity electric power of systems buying for t moment photo-thermal power station.
The optimization object function of system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other containing the photo-thermal power station are as follows:
In formula, first two are respectively abandonment, abandoning light punishment；Section 3 is to punish photo-thermal, wherein first item is few power generation
Punishment, Section 2 are to shut down power purchase expense, and Section 3 is electric heating punishment；Last is the punishment of channel free time；λiFor punishment
Coefficient；It contributes for wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic prediction,For wind-powered electricity generation, the practical power output of photovoltaic；ηRecFor thermo-electrically conversion
Efficiency；For channel idle capacity；
The constraint condition that the system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other also needs to meet are as follows:
In formula,For t moment channel ability of supplying electric power；Electricity part is abandoned for electrically heated for wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic original
Power output；
Compared with the existing technology, the invention has the following advantages that
Photo-thermal power station of the invention utilizes electric calorifie installation recovery system by installing electric heater unit inside photo-thermal power station
Abandonment, abandon optical quantum, the abandoning electricity of new energy can be efficiently reduced, be conducive to improve photo-thermal power station and system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other
Performance driving economy.To improve the flexibility of photo-thermal power station operation, there is practical significance and promotional value.
A kind of modeling of photo-thermal power station containing electric heater unit of the invention and optimizing operation method can optimize containing
The photo-thermal power station of electric heater unit is run, and improving new energy consumption can be with the performance driving economy of photo-thermal power station.Model is suitable for only
The scenes such as the vertical photo-thermal power station run and the system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other containing wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic, photo-thermal power generation, it considers a variety of fortune
Row constraint, comprising: using hot salt cellar as the constraint of the heating power balance of node, the heat to electricity conversion relation constraint of electric heater unit, hot tank
By when heat accumulation state constraint, calculating cycle memory quantity of heat storage be equal to release heat constraint, steam turbine generator heat to electricity conversion about
Beam, the starting heat constraint of steam turbine and power balance constrain, for abandonment abandoning photoelectricity force constraint of electric heater unit etc..Using
MIXED INTEGER linear optimization technology solves the optimization problem.The result shows that being filled by installing suitable electric heating additional in photo-thermal power station
It sets, the abandoning electricity of new energy can be efficiently reduced, increase photo-thermal power generation amount, be conducive to improve photo-thermal power station and system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other
Performance driving economy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is tower (slot type is also applicable) the molten salt thermal power station schematic diagram containing electric heater unit；
Fig. 2 steam turbine generator efficiency curve diagram；
Fig. 3 does not install the base operation figure of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other of electric heater unit；
The base operation figure of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other of Fig. 4 installing electric heater unit；
Wherein, 1 is light and heat collection system, and 2 be heat dump, and 3 be cold salt storage tank, and 4 be electric heater unit, and 5 be hot salt storage tank,
6 be steam generator, and 7 be condenser, and 8 be steam turbine generator, and 9 be power transformer.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below for contain this photo-thermal power station
System of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other, in conjunction with the embodiments, the present invention will be described in further detail.Independently operated photo-thermal power station with it is such
Seemingly, case-study is no longer done.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, and does not have to
It is of the invention in limiting.
The invention proposes a kind of modeling of photo-thermal power station containing electric heater unit and optimizing operation methods.Optimization fortune
Row strategy can optimize the operation of the photo-thermal power station containing electric heater unit, and improving new energy consumption can pass through with the operation of photo-thermal power station
Ji property.Model is suitable for the fields such as independently operated photo-thermal power station and the system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other containing wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic, photo-thermal power generation
Scape, it considers a variety of operations constraints, comprising: using hot salt cellar as the constraint of the heating power balance of node, the heat of electric heater unit
The constraint of electric transformational relation, hot tank by when heat accumulation state constraint, calculating cycle memory quantity of heat storage be equal to the constraint of release heat, steamer
The heat to electricity conversion constraint of generator, the starting heat constraint of steam turbine and power balance constrain, for the abandonment of electric heater unit
Abandon photoelectricity force constraint etc..
Such as Fig. 1, a kind of photo-thermal power station containing electric heater unit is mainly made of four parts: light and heat collection system 1, heat absorption
System, heat-storing device, heat-exchange system and turbine generator device.In fused salt solar energy tower type (slot type is also suitable) electricity generation system,
About 290 DEG C of fused salt, which is pumped from cold salt storage tank 3, is sent to heat dump 2, the daylight reflected in heat dump 2 by light and heat collection system 1
565 DEG C are heated to, hot salt storage tank 5 is entered back into.When needing to generate electricity, hot salt enters steam generator 6 through pump, generates overheat and steams
Vapour, superheated steam enter steam turbine generator 8, enter steam generator 6 by condenser 7, realize traditional Rankine cycle power generation,
Cold salt storage tank 3 is entered back into through the exothermic salt of steam generation facility, then is repeated the above process by the heating of heat dump 2.Add containing electricity
When thermal 4, cold 3 fused salt of salt storage tank is pumped up toward electric heater 4, and hot salt storage tank 5 is entered after electric heating, and fused salt is stored up from cold salt
Tank 3 realizes conversion and storage of the electricity to heat to an IEEE Std parallel highway of hot salt storage tank more than 5.
A kind of modeling of photo-thermal power station containing electric heater unit of the present invention and optimizing operation method, this method are initially set up
Photo-thermal power station model containing electric heater unit and energy storage device, then establish containing wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic, photo-thermal power station constitute it is more
The Optimal Operation Strategies model of energy complementary system, the model are made of objective function and constraint condition；Objective function is that multipotency is mutual
Complement system runs totle drilling cost (containing opportunity cost) minimum, and constraint condition is divided into Operation of Electric Systems constraint condition and photo-thermal power station sheet
Running body constraint；Finally, being solved by MIXED INTEGER linear optimization technology to system unit built-up pattern of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other, will obtain
Optimal solution as providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other system unit operation reserve.
Mathematical modeling is carried out to the photo-thermal power station containing electric heater unit.The major constraints of the model are as follows.
1) equality constraint
It is constrained by the heating power balance of node of hot salt storage tank are as follows:
In formula,Respectively indicate the thermal power that t moment flows into hot salt storage tank through heat dump, electric heater unit；Respectively indicate the thermal power of the hot salt storage tank release of t moment, storage；Indicate that t moment flows to steam generator
Thermal power.
The heat to electricity conversion relationship of electric heater unit are as follows:
In formula, ηEHIndicate the electric-thermal transfer efficiency of electric heater unit；Indicate the electrical power of t moment electric heater unit.
Hot salt storage tank by when heat accumulation state equation are as follows:
In formula,Indicate the quantity of heat storage that the hot salt storage tank of t moment is deposited；γTSIndicate the dissipative system of hot salt storage tank fused salt heat
Number；Δ t is the time interval calculated.
A further improvement of the present invention lies in that: according to engineering experience, fused salt declines about 1 DEG C daily, γTSVery little is negligible,
Above formula can simplify are as follows:
For hot salt storage tank not across periodic adjustment, calculating cycle memory quantity of heat storage is equal to release heat:
The thermal power main application of input steam generator is divided into two parts:
In formula:Indicate that t moment is used to start the thermal power of steam turbine generator,Indicate t moment input steamer hair
The thermal power of motor.
General 1~the 2h of used time of the cold start of steam turbine generator, the heat into steam turbine generator reach steam turbine generator
Minimum starting requires constraint:
In formula:Indicate the required minimum heat for starting steam turbine generator；It is for expression k moment unit
The 0-1 variable of no starting when the value is 1, indicates k moment unit starting；Δ t is the time interval calculated.
The heat to electricity conversion relationship of steam turbine generator are as follows:
In formula:Indicate the power output of t moment photo-thermal power station.The efficiency curve of steam turbine generator be it is nonlinear, herein
Use Piecewise Linear Representation.
2) inequality constraints
The thermal power for inputting steam generator is no more than steam generator maximal input:
In formula:Indicate steam generator maximal input.
The constraint of unit minimum start and stop:
In formula,Booting is indicated for the 0-1 variable for indicating t moment Unit Commitment state, 1.Ton, ToffBe switched on for minimum,
Downtime；TnFor calculating cycle.
The constraint of unit starting moment:
The constraint of unit starting moment:
In formula:Indicate that photo-thermal power station is shut down in t moment for the 0-1 variable for indicating t moment shutdown, 1.
Unit output restriction:
In formula:Respectively indicate power output lower limit, the upper limit of unit.It should be pointed out that in booting moment unit
First heat engine is needed, after-heat is not able to satisfy power output and requires.
Hot salt storage tank operation will also meet certain requirements.Firstly, the thermal power of hot salt storage tank release, storage will meet about
Beam:
In formula:Respectively indicate the maximum value of hot salt storage tank storage, release thermal power.To indicate heat
The 0-1 variable of salt storage tank storage state, 1 indicates hot salt storage tank storage.Hot tank not only cannot store simultaneously but also discharge heat.
The storage heat of hot salt storage tank will meet constraint:
In formula:Respectively indicate lower limit, the upper limit of hot salt storage tank memory capacity.
The Optimized model of the system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other containing wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic, photo-thermal power generation of foundation is as follows.
1) objective function
In formula, first two are respectively abandonment, abandoning light punishment；Section 3 is to punish photo-thermal, wherein first item is few power generation
Punishment, Section 2 are to shut down power purchase expense, and Section 3 is electric heating punishment；Last is the punishment of channel free time.λiFor punishment
Coefficient；It contributes for wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic prediction,For wind-powered electricity generation, the practical power output of photovoltaic；ηRecFor thermo-electrically conversion
Efficiency；For channel idle capacity.
2) constraint condition
The constraint condition that above-mentioned optimization object function should be met are as follows:
In formula,For t moment channel capacity；Electricity part, which is abandoned, for wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic original is used for electrically heated power output.
To meet formula (1)~(14) constraint simultaneously.
The features of the present invention and beneficial effect are: the light containing electric heater unit proposed by the invention based on optimization algorithm
Thermo-power station optimizing operation method is suitably employed in control centre's main station system, realizes system optimization operation.The result shows that logical
It crosses and installs suitable electric heater unit additional in photo-thermal power station, the abandoning electricity of new energy can be efficiently reduced, increase photo-thermal power generation amount, have
Conducive to the performance driving economy for improving photo-thermal power station and system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other.
Have below by emulation case to the modeling for the photo-thermal power station for considering electric heater unit and optimizing operation method
Body analysis, to be further described to application effect of the invention.
Example system is a certain base of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other in northwest, which is connected by 1 time 330kV route with major network.System
Apoplexy Denso machine 400MW, photovoltaic installation 200MW, photo-thermal one 50MW of installation, and assemble the electric heater unit of 40MW.Wind-powered electricity generation, light
Power producing characteristics are lied prostrate using 8760 characteristic curve of typical case generated in engineering based on many years historical data.Photo-thermal unit is using design
Tower fused salt unit, heat accumulation hourage are 12 hours, and sun multiple is defined as all light and heat collection equipment (settled dates in entire power station
Mirror) thermal power and steam turbine generator rated load of heat dump output need when putting into operation thermal power ratio, take in this example
2.8, unit efficiency curve is shown in Fig. 2.
1) example 1: typical day simulation
Typical case's day sunykatuib analysis a certain to above-mentioned example system, compares containing electric heater unit and without electric heater unit
Analog result is shown in Fig. 3 and table 1.
When being free of electric heater unit, scene power output is more than channel conveying capacity (channel power transmission energy in 13:00~17:00
Force curve is as shown in Figure 3) occur to abandon electricity.Photo-thermal unit not running when wind-powered electricity generation photovoltaic big hair only absorbs heat and stores,
Start power operation of overfilling after 18:00.After increasing electric heater unit, photo-thermal unit is operation 3 hours before abandoning electricity and occurring, then in wind
Electric light volt is generated greatly when electricity is abandoned in generation and is shut down, and electric heater unit Operation at full power 5 hours, subsequent start-up unit fill heat accumulation at this time
Net quantity of heat power generation in setting.
After photo-thermal unit increases electric heater unit, new energy is abandoned electricity and is reduced, and electric heater unit is abandoned electric heating fused salt and deposited
Storage power generation.Since factors, the generation of electricity by new energy amounts that system is really received such as the thermal efficiency of photo-thermal unit and starting heat consumption are less than real
Border photo-thermal increment life insurance.In this example, after considering that photo-thermal unit increases electric heater unit, whole day abandons electricity and reduces 200MWh, system
The generation of electricity by new energy amount of receiving increases 40MWh.
1 example system daily generation of table
2) example 2: year operation result comparative analysis
Install the effect and illumination resources supplIes of electric heater unit additional, the factors such as heat accumulation duration are all related.Do not changing heat accumulation
Under the premise of duration, base year operating index of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other is as shown in table 2.As can be seen that after increasing electric heater unit, wind-powered electricity generation light
It lies prostrate and abandons electricity reduction 0.2 hundred million kWh, photo-thermal unit multiple 0.07 hundred million kWh of electricity year.The electric heater unit of 40MW need to increase by 40,000,000
Member investment, according to 1.15 yuan/kWh of photo-thermal unit rate for incorporation into the power network, it is contemplated that electricity price thermal uses base of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other
Electricity is abandoned, purchases strategies can be ignored, and the investment payback time is 5.0 years.Carry out peak regulation electricity price after considering further that electricity market reform, throws
Money income will further increase.
2 example system annual electricity generating capacity of table
Unit: hundred million kWh
3) example 3: different electrical heating power year operation result comparative analyses
The electric heater unit for assembling 40,60MW, base year operating index of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other are as shown in table 3.By table as it can be seen that electricity adds
When thermal increases to 60MW, abandons electricity and reduce by 0.04 hundred million kWh, whole electricity heat fused salt, photo-thermal machine for electric heater unit
Group annual electricity generating capacity increases by 0.03 hundred million kWh, and unit operation efficiency improves.
The different electric heater unit example system annual electricity generating capacities of table 3
Unit: hundred million kWh
4) example 4: operation result comparative analysis all the year round when different heat accumulations
Change heat accumulation duration, base year operating index of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other is as shown in table 4.Heat accumulation duration increases it can be seen from table
Add, the variation of electric heating electricity consumption is constant, and electric heating electricity consumption is not only restricted to heat accumulation salt storage tank size in this example system.
As heat accumulation duration increases, system total power generation increases: illumination money can be stored more by being firstly because photo-thermal unit
Source amount, so that generated energy increases；Secondly as heat accumulation duration increases, the peak modulation capacity enhancing of photo-thermal unit, scene is abandoned electricity and is subtracted
Few, generated energy increases.Heat accumulation duration is every to be increased by 1 hour, and about 15,000,000 yuan of investment is increased.Should be according to specific system, it is suitable to choose
Heat accumulation duration.
The different heat accumulation duration example system annual electricity generating capacities of table 4
Unit: hundred million kWh
The above content is further detailed description of the invention, and it cannot be said that a specific embodiment of the invention only
It is limited to this, for those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, also
Several simple deduction or replace can be made, the present invention is all shall be regarded as belonging to by the claims submitted and determines invention
Protection scope.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of photo-thermal power station containing electric heater unit, which is characterized in that including light and heat collection system (1), endothermic system, storage
Thermal, heat-exchange system and steam turbine generator (8)；The light and heat collection system (1) is used to provide thermal energy to heat dump (2)；
The first entrance of the hot salt storage tank (5) of the outlet and heat-storing device of heat dump (2) connects, and the entrance and heat accumulation of heat dump (2) fill
The first outlet for the cold salt storage tank (3) set connects；The second outlet of cold salt storage tank (3) is stored up by electric heater unit (4) and hot salt
The second entrance of tank (5) connects；The high temperature inlet of the steam generator (6) of the outlet and heat-exchange system of hot salt storage tank (5) connects,
The low-temperature outlet of steam generator (6) is connect with the entrance of cold salt storage tank (3), to realize that fused salt recycles；Steam generator (6)
Hot outlet is connect with the entrance of steam turbine generator (8), and the outlet of steam turbine generator (8) passes through condenser (7) and steam generation
The low-temperature inlet of device (6) connects, to realize steam circulation；
Photo-thermal power station modeling meets following constraint:
Equality constraint:
The heating power balance of hot salt storage tank node constrains are as follows:
In formula,Respectively indicate the thermal power that t moment flows into hot salt storage tank through heat dump, electric heater unit；Respectively indicate the thermal power of the hot salt storage tank release of t moment, storage；Indicate that t moment flows to steam generator
Thermal power；
The heat to electricity conversion relationship of electric heater unit are as follows:
In formula, ηEHIndicate the electric-thermal transfer efficiency of electric heater unit；Pt EHIndicate the electrical power of t moment electric heater unit；
Hot salt storage tank by when heat accumulation state equation are as follows:
In formula,Indicate the quantity of heat storage that the hot salt storage tank of t moment is deposited；Δ t is the time interval calculated；
For hot salt storage tank not across periodic adjustment, calculating cycle memory quantity of heat storage is equal to release heat:
The thermal power main application of input steam generator is divided into two parts:
In formula:Indicate that t moment is used to start the thermal power of steam turbine generator,Indicate that t moment inputs steam turbine generator
Thermal power；
Heat into steam turbine generator reaches the starting requirement constraint of steam turbine generator minimum:
In formula:Indicate the required minimum heat for starting steam turbine generator；To indicate whether k moment unit opens
Dynamic 0-1 variable when the value is 1, indicates k moment unit starting；Δ t is the time interval calculated；
The heat to electricity conversion relationship of steam turbine generator are as follows:
In formula: Pt PCIndicate the power output of t moment photo-thermal power station, the efficiency curve of steam turbine generator be it is nonlinear, herein with point
Section linear expression；
Inequality constraints:
The thermal power for inputting steam generator is no more than steam generator maximal input:
In formula:Indicate steam generator maximal input；
The constraint of Turbo-generator Set minimum start and stop:
In formula,Booting is indicated for the 0-1 variable for indicating t moment Unit Commitment state, 1；Ton, ToffFor minimum booting, shut down
Time；TnFor calculating cycle；
The constraint of Turbo-generator Set Startup time:
The constraint of Turbo-generator Set Startup time:
In formula:Indicate that photo-thermal power station is shut down in t moment for the 0-1 variable for indicating t moment shutdown, 1；
Unit output restriction:
In formula:Respectively indicate power output lower limit, the upper limit of unit, it should be pointed out that need in booting moment unit
First heat engine, after-heat are not able to satisfy power output and require；
Hot salt storage tank release, the thermal power stored will meet constraint:
In formula:The maximum value of hot salt storage tank storage, release thermal power is respectively indicated,To indicate hot salt storage
The 0-1 variable of tank storage state, 1 indicates hot salt storage tank storage, and hot tank not only cannot store simultaneously but also discharge heat；
The storage heat of hot salt storage tank will meet constraint:
In formula:Respectively indicate lower limit, the upper limit of hot salt storage tank memory capacity.
2. a kind of photo-thermal power station containing electric heater unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the photo-thermal power station is only
Optimization object function when vertical operation are as follows:
In formula, first item is photo-thermal power station power selling income, and Section 2 is that purchases strategies are shut down in power station, and Section 3 is that power station purchase is abandoned
The cost of electricity；pCSPIndicate the sale of electricity electricity price of photo-thermal power station；pEIndicate power station from power grid purchase electricity price；pEHIndicate power station from power grid
The electricity price of electricity is abandoned in purchase；EBUYFrom power grid power purchase electricity when expression compressor emergency shutdown；
The constraint condition that the photo-thermal power station also needs to meet are as follows:
In formula, Pt EH(0)It can be from the abandoning electricity electric power of systems buying for t moment photo-thermal power station.
3. a kind of photo-thermal power station containing electric heater unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that contain photo-thermal electricity
The optimization object function for the system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other stood are as follows:
In formula, first two are respectively abandonment, abandoning light punishment；Section 3 is to punish photo-thermal, wherein first item is that few power generation is punished
It penalizes, Section 2 is to shut down power purchase expense, and Section 3 is electric heating punishment；Last is the punishment of channel free time, λiFor punishment system
Number；It contributes for wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic prediction,For wind-powered electricity generation, the practical power output of photovoltaic；ηRecIt converts and imitates for thermo-electrically
Rate；Pt LFor channel idle capacity；
The constraint condition that the system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other also needs to meet are as follows:
In formula, Pt DFor t moment channel ability of supplying electric power；Electricity part, which is abandoned, for wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic original is used for electrically heated power output；
4. a kind of photo-thermal power station containing electric heater unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the optically focused collection
Hot systems (1) are tower or slot type collecting system.
5. a kind of modeling and optimization based on the photo-thermal power station described in Claims 1-4 any one containing electric heater unit
Operation method, which comprises the following steps:
When for the power station independent operating, establish the photo-thermal power station model containing electric heater unit and energy storage device, the model by
Objective function and constraint condition are constituted；Using photo-thermal power station Income Maximum as optimization aim, the constraint of this running body of photo-thermal power station is considered；
Finally, the optimal solution acquired is as photo-thermal power station active power output plan by mixed integer optimization derivation algorithm to model solution
With storage tank charge and discharge strategy；
For containing the power station provide multiple forms of energy to complement each other system when, initially set up the photo-thermal power station containing electric heater unit and energy storage device
Model, then establish containing wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic, photo-thermal power station constitute system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other optimal operation model, the model by
Objective function and constraint condition are constituted；Objective function is that system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other runs totle drilling cost minimum, and constraint condition is divided into electric power
System runs constraint condition and the constraint of this running body of photo-thermal power station；Finally, mutual to multipotency by mixed integer optimization derivation algorithm
Complement system Unit Combination model solution, using obtained optimal solution as system unit operation reserve of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other.
6. modeling and the optimizing operation method of the photo-thermal power station according to claim 5 containing electric heater unit, feature
It is, establishes the photo-thermal power station model containing electric heater unit and refer to that cold salt storage tank fused salt is pumped up toward electric heater unit, through electricity
Enter hot salt storage tank after heating, fused salt IEEE Std parallel highway more than from cold salt storage tank to hot salt storage tank realizes electricity to hot conversion simultaneously
Storage.
7. modeling and the optimizing operation method of the photo-thermal power station according to claim 5 containing electric heater unit, feature
It is, the constraint of the photo-thermal power station model containing electric heater unit is as follows:
1) equality constraint
The heating power balance of hot salt storage tank node constrains are as follows:
In formula,Respectively indicate the thermal power that t moment flows into hot salt storage tank through heat dump, electric heater unit；Respectively indicate the thermal power of the hot salt storage tank release of t moment, storage；Indicate that t moment flows to steam generator
Thermal power；
The heat to electricity conversion relationship of electric heater unit are as follows:
In formula, ηEHIndicate the electric-thermal transfer efficiency of electric heater unit；Pt EHIndicate the electrical power of t moment electric heater unit；
Hot salt storage tank by when heat accumulation state equation are as follows:
In formula,Indicate the quantity of heat storage that the hot salt storage tank of t moment is deposited；Δ t is the time interval calculated；
For hot salt storage tank not across periodic adjustment, calculating cycle memory quantity of heat storage is equal to release heat:
The thermal power main application of input steam generator is divided into two parts:
In formula:Indicate that t moment is used to start the thermal power of steam turbine generator,Indicate t moment input steam turbine generator
Thermal power；
Heat into steam turbine generator reaches the starting requirement constraint of steam turbine generator minimum:
In formula:Indicate the required minimum heat for starting steam turbine generator；To indicate whether k moment unit opens
Dynamic 0-1 variable when the value is 1, indicates k moment unit starting；Δ t is the time interval calculated；
The heat to electricity conversion relationship of steam turbine generator are as follows:
In formula: Pt PCIndicate the power output of t moment photo-thermal power station；The efficiency curve of steam turbine generator is nonlinear, use point herein
Section linear expression；
2) inequality constraints
The thermal power for inputting steam generator is no more than steam generator maximal input:
In formula:Indicate steam generator maximal input；
The constraint of Turbo-generator Set minimum start and stop:
In formula,Booting, T are indicated for the 0-1 variable for indicating t moment Unit Commitment state, 1on, ToffFor minimum booting, shut down
Time；TnFor calculating cycle；
The constraint of Turbo-generator Set Startup time:
The constraint of Turbo-generator Set Startup time:
In formula:Indicate that photo-thermal power station is shut down in t moment for the 0-1 variable for indicating t moment shutdown, 1；
Unit output restriction:
In formula:Respectively indicate power output lower limit, the upper limit of unit；
Hot salt storage tank release, the thermal power stored will meet constraint:
In formula:The maximum value of hot salt storage tank storage, release thermal power is respectively indicated,To indicate hot salt storage tank
The 0-1 variable of storage state, 1 indicates hot salt storage tank storage, and hot tank not only cannot store simultaneously but also discharge heat；
The storage heat of hot salt storage tank will meet constraint:
In formula:Respectively indicate lower limit, the upper limit of hot salt storage tank memory capacity.
8. modeling and the optimizing operation method of the photo-thermal power station according to claim 5 containing electric heater unit, feature
It is, the optimization object function when photo-thermal power station independent operating are as follows:
In formula, first item is photo-thermal power station power selling income, and Section 2 is that purchases strategies are shut down in power station, and Section 3 is that power station purchase is abandoned
The cost of electricity；pCSPIndicate the sale of electricity electricity price of photo-thermal power station；pEIndicate power station from power grid purchase electricity price；pEHIndicate power station from power grid
The electricity price of electricity is abandoned in purchase；EBUYFrom power grid power purchase electricity when expression compressor emergency shutdown；
The constraint condition that the photo-thermal power station also needs to meet are as follows:
In formula, Pt EH(0)It can be from the abandoning electricity electric power of systems buying for t moment photo-thermal power station.
9. modeling and the optimizing operation method of the photo-thermal power station according to claim 5 containing electric heater unit, feature
It is, the optimization object function of the system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other containing the photo-thermal power station are as follows:
In formula, first two are respectively abandonment, abandoning light punishment；Section 3 is to punish photo-thermal, wherein first item is that few power generation is punished
It penalizes, Section 2 is to shut down power purchase expense, and Section 3 is electric heating punishment；Last is the punishment of channel free time；λiFor punishment system
Number；It contributes for wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic prediction,For wind-powered electricity generation, the practical power output of photovoltaic；ηRecIt converts and imitates for thermo-electrically
Rate；Pt LFor channel idle capacity；
The constraint condition that the system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other also needs to meet are as follows:
In formula, Pt DFor t moment channel ability of supplying electric power；Electricity part, which is abandoned, for wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic original is used for electrically heated power output；
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