CN107701305A - A kind of free-piston engine of stroke changeable - Google Patents
A kind of free-piston engine of stroke changeable Download PDFInfo
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- CN107701305A CN107701305A CN201711073840.0A CN201711073840A CN107701305A CN 107701305 A CN107701305 A CN 107701305A CN 201711073840 A CN201711073840 A CN 201711073840A CN 107701305 A CN107701305 A CN 107701305A
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- Prior art keywords
- engine
- piston
- stroke
- electric motors
- control unit
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B69/00—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types
- F02B69/06—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different cycles, e.g. convertible from two-stroke to four stroke
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B71/00—Free-piston engines; Engines without rotary main shaft
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
- H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of free-piston engine of stroke changeable.The engine includes combustor section, spring housing part, permanent-magnetism linear motor part and electronic control unit portion, by the way of without cam variable gas distribution, by electromagnetic drive valve actuating mechanism, realizes the Grazing conditionization control to inlet and outlet door；Electronic control unit is by adjusting the electrical current size and Orientation of permanent-magnetism linear motor coil, to control the displacement of piston, realize piston stop up and down is variable and alterable compression ratio, and by changing the control signal without cam variable valve actuating mechanism, realize valve opening time, valve lift curve and the real-time control of distribution duration.Simple in construction, efficiency high of the invention, the Grazing conditionization control of each executing agency of engine is realized, improve the energy-conserving and environment-protective performance of engine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicle motor technical field, particularly a kind of free-piston engine of stroke changeable.
Background technology
Reciprocation cycle formula engine is different according to the stroke quantity in a working cycles, is divided into two stroke engine and four
Two kinds of Stroke Engine.One working cycles of two-stroke internal combustion engine are divided into two strokes, and first reciprocating piston is transported from lower dead center
Move top dead centre and complete air inlet and compression, second reciprocating piston moves to lower dead center completion acting from top dead centre and be vented, one
Individual working cycles finish.One working cycles of quartastroke engine are divided into four strokes, and first reciprocating piston is transported from top dead centre
Move to lower dead center and complete air inlet, second reciprocating piston runs to top dead centre from lower dead center and complete to compress, the 3rd reciprocating piston
Lower dead center is moved to from top dead centre and completes acting, and the 4th reciprocating piston runs to top dead centre from lower dead center and complete to be vented.
Two kinds of engines are compared, and two stroke engine reciprocating motion of the pistons once does a work(, and power density is larger, unit
It is four-stroke engine acting twice of number in time, power can reach twice of four-stroke engine, and two punchings in theory
Journey engine structure is compact, although the acting number of two stroke engine unit interval is one more than four-stroke engine
Times, but due to larger volumetric loss, and ventilation effect is poor, residual waste gas quantity is higher in cylinder, and fuel availability is low, its dynamic property
50%-70% can only be increased；Four strokes of four-stroke engine are completely separable, and ventilation effect is preferable, and fuel availability is high, discharge
It is relatively low, but because reciprocating motion of the pistons is completed once to do work twice, power will be less than two stroke engine.
Free-piston engine does not have toggle, simpler than conventional engines, and part is few, small volume, and sends out
Motivation piston does not have side force during exercise, and the frictional resistance of piston is smaller, long lifespan.Due to the pact of no toggle
Beam, the dead-centre position up and down of piston is variable, and engine has variable compression ratio, can combine different engine operating conditions and optimize
The fuel economy of engine and reduction are discharged, while also achieve the ability that engine adapts to pluralities of fuel.
Realize that the scheme of stroke changeable technology mainly there are three kinds at present：The first is to be configured with two kinds of strokes on the engine
Cylinder, be individually operated according to the actual requirements using two-stroke cylinder and four stroke cylinders, i.e. multi-cylinder modality for co-operation,
Motor usage ratio is low, adds the weight and cost of engine；It is with a set of air distribution system while meets two-stroke for second
With four-stroke distribution, the excessive of two-stroke distribution molded line, four stroke distribution molded line and switching is provided with camshaft
Molded line, change the position of variable cam using the mode of hydraulic pressure or Mechanical Driven to complete the switching of distribution, design and produce
Difficulty is higher, and controllability is low, can not obtain good fuel-economy type；The third is the structure for changing engine cylinder-body, by four
The mode of the inlet and exhaust valve distribution of Stroke Engine and the scavenging ventilation of two stroke engine is combined, and is closed using different air flues
Unlatching is combined to complete the work of each stroke, and program motor usage ratio is higher, but can not realize variable compression ratio, and
The utilization of different fuel can not be realized, is limited on fuel tolerance and fuel economy.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one kind meet can between two-stroke and four strokes free switching, and with variable
The stroke changeable free-piston engine of compression ratio, can meet different duty requirements, have more preferable fuel economy and power
Property, and the work of different fuel can be met.
The technical solution for realizing the object of the invention is：A kind of free-piston engine of stroke changeable, including burning
Four room, spring housing, permanent-magnetism linear motor and electronic control unit parts, wherein：
Combustor section includes variable valve actuating mechanism, engine cylinder cover, engine cylinder-body, piston and spark plug, wherein can
Become valve actuating mechanism and change valve stroke, valve opening time, valve duration under the control of electronic control unit, it is real
The Grazing conditionization control of existing engines distribution；
Spring housing part includes spring and support, and wherein spring is fixed between engine piston and linear electric motors, works as work
Spring is compressed when filling in descending, limitation piston displacement and energy storage, and when piston stroking upward, spring, which provides, replys energy；
Permanent-magnetism linear motor part includes linear electric motors shell and coil mover, and its coil mover interior loop is concentric spiral shell
Spatial arrangement, the coil mover of linear electric motors are fixedly connected with engine piston, and electronic control unit is by adjusting linear electric motors
Coil electricity size of current and direction, realize the control to engine piston displacement；
Electronic control unit is when engine works, according to distribution of the different demands to engine, oil spout, igniting and work
Real-time control is made in plug displacement, enables the engine to be operated under different strokes, different load.
Further, the stop up and down of the piston is variable, alterable compression ratio.
Further, the material of the linear electric motors shell is permanent magnet.
Further, the working clearance is left between the coil mover of linear electric motors on the inside of the linear electric motors shell, makes line
Circle mover can move up and down.
Compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is the present invention：(1) camshaft valve actuating mechanism and crank connecting link machine are eliminated
Structure, it is simple in construction, utilization rate is high；(2) camshaft valve actuating mechanism, linear electric motors driving be instead of with without cam variable valve actuating mechanism
Toggle is instead of, the Grazing conditionization control of each executing agency of engine is realized, enables the engine in electronics control
Stroke is realized under the control of unit (ECU) processed can change, alterable compression ratio, can between two-stroke and four strokes free switching；
(3) different duty requirements can be met, there is more preferable fuel economy and dynamic property, and the work of different fuel can be met.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the free-piston engine of stroke changeable of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is four-stroke engine work operating mode schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is two stroke engine work operating mode schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The free-piston engine of stroke changeable of the present invention, including combustion chamber, spring housing, permanent-magnetism linear motor and electronics control
Four parts of unit processed, wherein：
Combustor section includes variable valve actuating mechanism 1, engine cylinder cover 2, engine cylinder-body 5, piston 4 and spark plug 3, its
When middle variable valve actuating mechanism 1 changes valve stroke, valve opening time, valve duration under the control of electronic control unit
Between, realize the Grazing conditionization control of engines distribution；
Spring housing part includes spring 7 and support 8, and wherein spring 7 is fixed between engine piston 4 and linear electric motors,
When piston 4 is descending, spring 7 is compressed, the limitation displacement of piston 4 and energy storage, and when piston 4 is up, spring 7, which provides, replys energy；
Permanent-magnetism linear motor part includes linear electric motors shell 9 and coil mover 10, and its interior loop of coil mover 10 is
Concentric spirals pipe is arranged, and the coil mover 10 of linear electric motors is fixedly connected with engine piston 4, and electronic control unit passes through regulation
Linear motor coil electrical current size and Orientation, realize the control to the displacement of engine piston 4；
Electronic control unit is when engine works, according to distribution of the different demands to engine, oil spout, igniting and work
Fill in 4 displacements and make real-time control, enable the engine to be operated under different strokes, different load.
Further, the stop up and down of the piston 4 is variable, alterable compression ratio.
Further, the material of the linear electric motors shell 9 is permanent magnet.
Further, the working clearance is left between the coil mover 10 of the inner side of linear electric motors shell 9 and linear electric motors, made
Coil mover 10 can move up and down.
This describes technical scheme in detail with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of free-piston engine of stroke changeable of the present invention, including combustor section, spring housing part,
Four parts in permanent-magnetism linear motor part and electronic control unit portion.
Wherein：
Combustor section includes variable valve actuating mechanism 1, engine cylinder cover 2, engine cylinder-body 5, piston 4 and spark plug 3, its
When middle variable valve actuating mechanism 1 changes valve stroke, valve opening time, valve duration under the control of electronic control unit
Between, realize the Grazing conditionization control of engines distribution；The stop up and down of the piston 4 is variable, alterable compression ratio；
Spring housing part includes spring 7 and support 8, and wherein spring 7 is fixed between engine piston 4 and linear electric motors,
When piston 4 is descending, spring 7 is compressed, the limitation displacement of piston 4 and energy storage, and when piston 4 is up, spring 7, which provides, replys energy；
Permanent-magnetism linear motor part includes linear electric motors shell 9 and coil mover 10, and its interior loop of coil mover 10 is
Concentric spirals pipe is arranged, and the coil mover 10 of linear electric motors is fixedly connected with engine piston 4, and electronic control unit passes through regulation
Linear motor coil electrical current size and Orientation, realize the control to the displacement of engine piston 4；The linear electric motors shell 9
Material be permanent magnet；The working clearance is left between the coil mover 10 of the inner side of linear electric motors shell 9 and linear electric motors, makes line
Circle mover 10 can move up and down；
Electronic control unit is when engine works, according to distribution of the different demands to engine, oil spout, igniting and work
Fill in 4 displacements and make real-time control, enable the engine to be operated under different strokes, different load.
Four-stroke engine work operating mode is as shown in Figure 2：
Expansion stroke：Electronic control unit (ECU) control spark plug 3 is lighted a fire, and mixed working fluid starts to burn in cylinder, cylinder internal pressure
Power rise promotes piston 4 to be moved from top dead centre toward lower dead center, completes expansion stroke；
Exhaust stroke：Piston 4 is transported under the collective effect of spring 7 and linear motor rotor 10 from lower dead center toward top dead centre
It is dynamic, while electronic control unit (ECU) provides exhauxt valve opens signal to variable valve actuating mechanism 1, variable valve actuating mechanism 1 opens row
Air valve is simultaneously kept it turned on, and electronic control unit (ECU) gives exhaust to variable valve actuating mechanism 1 at the end of exhaust stroke
Door shutdown signal, variable valve actuating mechanism 1 are closed drain tap and remained off, and complete exhaust stroke；
Induction stroke：Piston 4 moves in the presence of linear motor rotor 10 from top dead centre toward lower dead center, while electronics control
Unit (ECU) processed provides IO Intake Valve Opens signal to variable valve actuating mechanism 1, and variable valve actuating mechanism 1 is opened air intake valve and kept
Opening, electronic control unit (ECU) provides IC Intake Valve Closes signal to variable valve actuating mechanism 1 at the end of induction stroke,
Variable valve actuating mechanism is closed air intake valve and remained off, and completes induction stroke；
Compression stroke：Piston 4 is transported under the collective effect of spring 7 and linear motor rotor 10 from lower dead center toward top dead centre
Dynamic, air intake valve and drain tap remain off, and fuel injector is connected to controller fuel injection signal and carries out oil spout and fresh air
Mixing, completes compression stroke, and a circulation terminates.
Two stroke engine work operating mode is as shown in Figure 3：
First stage：Electronic control unit (ECU) control spark plug 3 is lighted a fire, and mixed working fluid starts to burn in cylinder, cylinder internal pressure
Power, which raises rapidly, promotes piston 4 to be done work from top dead centre toward the motion of lower dead center direction, during piston movement, variable gas distribution machine
Structure 1 successively opens drain tap and air intake valve starts exhaust and air inlet, when piston 4 moves to lower dead center the first stage terminate；
Second stage：Piston 4 is under the collective effect of spring 7 and linear motor rotor 10 from lower dead center toward top dead centre direction
Motion, variable valve actuating mechanism 1 successively closes drain tap and air intake valve completes exhaust and air inlet, and fuel injector is connected to controller spray
Oily signal carries out oil spout and mixed with fresh air, and piston 4 moves to gaseous mixture completion second stage in top dead centre compression cylinder, one
Circulation terminates.
Engine is from four stroke operation operating modes to two stroke operation operating mode handoff procedure：Electronic control unit (ECU) receives
To after stroke switching signal, control engine works under four stroke operation states terminates (this circulation knot to compression stroke
Beam), switch to two-stroke control model.
Engine is from two stroke operation operating mode to four stroke operation operating mode handoff procedures：Electronic control unit (ECU) receives
To after stroke switching signal, control engine works under two stroke operation state terminates (this circulation knot to second stage
Beam), switch to four stroke control models.
In summary, stroke changeable free-piston engine of the present invention, can between two-stroke and four strokes free switching,
And can meet different duty requirements with variable compression ratio, there is more preferable fuel economy and dynamic property, and can meet not
With the work of fuel.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of free-piston engine of stroke changeable, it is characterised in that including combustion chamber, spring housing, permanent-magnetism linear motor
With four parts of electronic control unit, wherein：
Combustor section includes variable valve actuating mechanism (1), engine cylinder cover (2), engine cylinder-body (5), piston (4) and spark plug
(3), wherein variable valve actuating mechanism (1) changes valve stroke, valve opening time, valve opening under the control of electronic control unit
The duration is opened, realizes the Grazing conditionization control of engines distribution；
Spring housing part includes spring (7) and support (8), wherein spring (7) be fixed on engine piston (4) and linear electric motors it
Between, when piston (4) is descending, spring (7) is compressed, limitation piston (4) displacement and energy storage, the spring (7) when piston (4) is up
There is provided and reply energy；
Permanent-magnetism linear motor part includes linear electric motors shell (9) and coil mover (10), its coil mover (10) interior loop
Arranged for concentric spirals pipe, the coil mover (10) of linear electric motors is fixedly connected with engine piston (4), and electronic control unit leads to
Linear motor coil electrical current size and Orientation is overregulated, realizes the control to engine piston (4) displacement；
Electronic control unit is when engine works, according to distribution of the different demands to engine, oil spout, igniting and piston
(4) real-time control is made in displacement, enables the engine to be operated under different strokes, different load.
2. the free-piston engine of stroke changeable according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the piston (4) it is upper
Lower dead center is variable, alterable compression ratio.
3. the free-piston engine of stroke changeable according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the linear electric motors shell
(9) material is permanent magnet.
4. the free-piston engine of stroke changeable according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the linear electric motors shell
(9) working clearance is left between the coil mover (10) of inner side and linear electric motors, coil mover (10) is moved up and down.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711073840.0A CN107701305B (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2017-11-05 | Free piston engine with variable stroke |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711073840.0A CN107701305B (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2017-11-05 | Free piston engine with variable stroke |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107701305A true CN107701305A (en) | 2018-02-16 |
| CN107701305B CN107701305B (en) | 2019-12-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201711073840.0A Active CN107701305B (en) | 2017-11-05 | 2017-11-05 | Free piston engine with variable stroke |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109488471A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-19 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of free-piston engine stable operation course control method for use |
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| CN107060942A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-08-18 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of compact multimode formula valve-driving system |
| JP2017155620A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-07 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Variable cycle engine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101979852A (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2011-02-23 | 南京理工大学 | Free piston engine with independent compression and controllable inlet air thermodynamic parameter |
| CN103534455B (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2016-08-17 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | A kind of explosive motor and the method for operation explosive motor |
| CN103225539A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-07-31 | 清华大学 | Variable stroke engine |
| JP2017155620A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-07 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Variable cycle engine |
| CN106545380A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-03-29 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of locking-type multi-mode lever Variabale valve actuation system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109488471A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-19 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of free-piston engine stable operation course control method for use |
| CN109488471B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2021-09-03 | 南京理工大学 | Method for controlling stable operation process of free piston engine |
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| CN107701305B (en) | 2019-12-27 |
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Effective date of registration: 20210207 Address after: 225300 No. 999, Nanhuan West Road, Luotang street, Jiangyan District, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Jiangsu iridium Laide Drive System Co.,Ltd. Address before: 210094 Xuanwu District, Jiangsu, Xiaolingwei 200, Nanjing Patentee before: NANJING University OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY |
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