CN107687356A - 一种汽车尾气处理装置 - Google Patents

一种汽车尾气处理装置 Download PDF

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CN107687356A
CN107687356A CN201711118541.4A CN201711118541A CN107687356A CN 107687356 A CN107687356 A CN 107687356A CN 201711118541 A CN201711118541 A CN 201711118541A CN 107687356 A CN107687356 A CN 107687356A
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housing
processing apparatus
exhaust gas
automobile exhaust
gas processing
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张锦洲
苟鹏波
叶利荣
张雷
李富
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Yangtze University
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Yangtze University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/26Construction of thermal reactors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/16Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/04Sulfur or sulfur oxides
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/10Carbon or carbon oxides
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/12Hydrocarbons
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/14Nitrogen oxides
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种汽车尾气处理装置,属汽车尾气处理设备技术领域。它由壳体、电热丝圈、多孔筛和处理液箱构成,壳体的一端设置有气体进入口,壳体的另一端设置有气体排出口,气体进入口和气体排出口之间的壳体内装有多孔筛,多孔筛一侧的壳体内通过接线管安装有电热丝圈。该装置工作时,待处理的汽车尾气在电热丝圈产生的高温环境下与由空气口进入的外界空气产生反应,以去除尾气中的部分CO和NOX,使之转化为CO2,再经多孔筛和雾化喷头依次净化处理后达标排放;进而有效降低了汽车尾气所造成的环境污染,具有结构简单,实用性好,且成本低廉,特别适用于汽车尾气净化处理使用。

Description

一种汽车尾气处理装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种汽车尾气处理装置,属汽车尾气处理设备技术领域。
背景技术
中国是一个发展中的人口大国,在过去20年里,随着经济的增长,机动车保有量增民较快,年均增近15%,汽车作为现代社会的交通工具,给人们带来了极大方便和快捷的同时,也带来了无法回避的环境问题,汽车尾气污染已成为世界性的公害。据统计,1995年全球CO、 NOx人为排放量分别为3.5亿t和9. 3亿t,其中59%的CO、43%的NOx来自于交通运输。在发展中国家,来自于交通运输方面的CO、NOx分别占53%和49%,而在美国和日本,约90%~95%的CO、 32%~55%的NO、来自于汽车的排放。目前,在我国许多大城市空气中,CO的90%、HC和NOx的60%、颗粒物的50%来自于机动车尾气排放,这些污浊的空气使人类的生存环境和健康受到极大威胁。尽管我国大气污染仍以煤烟型为主,但随着近年来我国国民经济的迅速发展,汽车的应用日趋普及,汽车的保有量大幅增加,汽车排放的尾气污染物己成为城市继煤烟之后空气污染的主要来源。因此,如何控制机动车尾气污染己越来越引起人们的重视。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于:提供一种结构简单,成本低廉,可有效降低汽车尾气所造成环境污染的汽车尾气处理装置。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种汽车尾气处理装置,它由壳体、电热丝圈、多孔筛和处理液箱构成,其特征在于:壳体的一端设置有气体进入口,壳体的另一端设置有气体排出口,气体进入口和气体排出口之间的壳体内装有多孔筛,多孔筛一侧的壳体内通过接线管安装有电热丝圈,多孔筛另一侧的壳体上安装有处理液箱,处理液箱的下端延伸至壳体内,延伸至壳体内的处理液箱底部装有雾化喷头。
所述的雾化喷头两侧的壳体内分别安装有挡板。
所述的雾化喷头上方的处理液箱上设置有压力传感器。
所述的挡板呈错位状设置。
所述的雾化喷头下方的壳体内设置有沉淀收集器。
所述的壳体内壁上设置有隔热层。
所述的气体进入口下方的壳体上设置有空气口,空气口内设置有抽气扇。
所述的多孔筛由多个蜂窝陶瓷过滤片制成。
所述的蜂窝陶瓷过滤片呈倾斜状层叠设置。
本发明的优点在于:
该汽车尾气处理装置工作时,待处理的汽车尾气由气体进入口进入到壳体内,在电热丝圈产生的高温环境下与由空气口进入的外界空气产生反应,以去除尾气中的部分CO和NOX,使之转化为CO2,再经多孔筛和雾化喷头依次净化处理后达标排放;进而有效降低了汽车尾气所造成的环境污染,该汽车尾气处理装置结构简单,实用性好,且成本低廉,特别适用于汽车尾气净化处理使用。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
图中:1、壳体,2、电热丝圈,3、多孔筛,4、处理液箱,5、气体进入口,6、气体排出口,7、接线管,8、雾化喷头,9、压力传感器,10、沉淀收集器,11、挡板,12、隔热层,13、空气口。
具体实施方式
该汽车尾气处理装置由壳体1、电热丝圈2、多孔筛3和处理液箱4构成,壳体1的一端设置有气体进入口5,壳体1的另一端设置有气体排出口6,气体进入口5和气体排出口6之间的壳体1内装有多孔筛3,多孔筛3由倾斜状层叠设置的多个蜂窝陶瓷过滤片制成。
多孔筛3一侧的壳体1内通过接线管7安装有电热丝圈2,电热丝圈2与电源连接(图中未示),多孔筛3另一侧的壳体1上安装有处理液箱4,处理液箱4用于盛装处理汽车尾气的CO2-SO2处理液。处理液箱4的下端延伸至壳体1内,延伸至壳体1内的处理液箱4底部装有雾化喷8头,以在工作时对处理液箱4内的CO2-SO2处理液进行雾化。雾化喷头8上方的处理液箱4上设置有压力传感器9,以实时监测处理液箱4内的CO2-SO2处理液用量。
雾化喷头8下方的壳体1内设置有沉淀收集器10,以在工作中收集处理产生的沉淀物。
雾化喷头8两侧的壳体1内分别安装有挡板11,挡板11呈错位状设置。挡板11的目的是增加延长汽车尾气的流动轨迹,以使净化处理充分进行。
壳体1的内壁上设置有隔热层12,以在工作时避免壳体1散热过快,保证壳体1的高温工作环境。
该汽车尾气处理装置的气体进入口5下方的壳体1上设置有空气口13,空气口13内设置有抽气扇(图中未示)。
该汽车尾气处理装置工作时,待处理的汽车尾气由气体进入口5进入至壳体1内;洁净的外界空气由空气口13进入至壳体1内,在壳体1内待处理的汽车尾气与外界空气相混合,并在电热丝圈2产生的高温环境下汽车尾气所含的一氧化碳、碳氢化合物、氮氧化合物、二氧化硫、烟尘微粒、未燃烧的碳颗粒与外界空气所含的氧气、氢气、水发生反应生成二氧化碳和氮气,由此完成汽车尾气的第一次净化处理。
完成第一次净化处理的汽车尾气流入多孔筛3中,由于多孔筛3是由蜂窝陶瓷过滤片制成的多孔收集装置,第一次净化处理中未经反应的微碳颗粒进入多孔筛3后被收集,同时由于尾气经过电热丝圈2,所以气体温度较高,可在多孔筛3中继续与未完全反应的微碳颗粒继续反应生成二氧化碳。由此不仅减小了尾气微碳颗粒的含量,又能防止多孔筛3由于长时间工作微碳颗粒堆积,造成多孔筛3的堵塞。
经过多孔筛3净化处理的尾气经过多孔筛3在挡板11阻隔作用下由挡板11上部流出,当二次净化处理的尾气流经处理液箱4处时,雾化喷头8工作,处理液箱4内的CO2-SO2处理液经雾化喷头8雾化喷出,从而对经二次净化处理的尾气进行洗涤,这一过程中,处理液箱4内的CO2-SO2处理液与尾气中的二氧化碳、二氧化硫发生反应,从而达到减少尾气中的二氧化碳、二氧化硫含量的目的。
由于CO2-SO2处理液中含有大量水分,通过CO2-SO2处理液在对尾气中的二氧化碳、二氧化硫处理的同时,可起到降低汽车尾气温度的作用。使排放出的汽车尾气更加环保,污染小。洗涤处理过程中尾气中的二氧化碳、二氧化硫与CO2-SO2处理液反应生成的沉淀掉落在沉淀收集器10中,沉淀收集器10下部可打开,只需在汽车保养时打开沉淀收集器10清理即可。

Claims (9)

1.一种汽车尾气处理装置,它由壳体(1)、电热丝圈(2)、多孔筛(3)和处理液箱(4)构成,其特征在于:壳体(1)的一端设置有气体进入口(5),壳体(1)的另一端设置有气体排出口(6),气体进入口(5)和气体排出口(6)之间的壳体(1)内装有多孔筛(3),多孔筛(3)一侧的壳体(1)内通过接线管(7)安装有电热丝圈(2),多孔筛(3)另一侧的壳体(1)上安装有处理液箱(4),处理液箱(4)的下端延伸至壳体(1)内,延伸至壳体(1)内的处理液箱(4)底部装有雾化喷头(8)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车尾气处理装置,其特征在于:所述的雾化喷头(8)两侧的壳体(1)内分别安装有挡板(11)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种汽车尾气处理装置,其特征在于:所述的雾化喷头(8)上方的处理液箱(4)上设置有压力传感器(9)。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种汽车尾气处理装置,其特征在于:所述的挡板(11)呈错位状设置。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种汽车尾气处理装置,其特征在于:所述的雾化喷头(8)下方的壳体(1)内设置有沉淀收集器(10)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车尾气处理装置,其特征在于:所述的壳体(1)内壁上设置有隔热层(12)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车尾气处理装置,其特征在于:所述的气体进入口(5)下方的壳体(1)上设置有空气口(13),空气口(13)内设置有抽气扇。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车尾气处理装置,其特征在于:所述的多孔筛(3)由多个蜂窝陶瓷过滤片制成。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种汽车尾气处理装置,其特征在于:所述的蜂窝陶瓷过滤片呈倾斜状层叠设置。
CN201711118541.4A 2017-11-14 2017-11-14 一种汽车尾气处理装置 Pending CN107687356A (zh)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1144300A (zh) * 1995-05-02 1997-03-05 杨青山 机动车尾气净化方法和装置
CN105443198A (zh) * 2015-08-05 2016-03-30 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 汽车尾气处理装置
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