CN107681191A - A kind of high-voltage lithium ion batteries - Google Patents
A kind of high-voltage lithium ion batteries Download PDFInfo
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- CN107681191A CN107681191A CN201710756173.XA CN201710756173A CN107681191A CN 107681191 A CN107681191 A CN 107681191A CN 201710756173 A CN201710756173 A CN 201710756173A CN 107681191 A CN107681191 A CN 107681191A
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- lithium ion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-voltage lithium ion batteries, and it includes anode pole piece, cathode pole piece, barrier film, electrolyte;Anode pole piece includes plus plate current-collecting body and the anode sizing agent coated in plus plate current-collecting body surface, and anode sizing agent includes positive active material, conductive agent A and binding agent A;Cathode pole piece includes negative current collector and the cathode size coated in negative current collector surface, and the cathode size includes negative electrode active material, conductive agent B, dispersant and binding agent B;Electrolyte includes lithium salts, non-aqueous organic solvent and additive LiDFP and PST.The present invention is using LiDFP and PST as electrolyte complex function additive, pass through both cooperative effects, so that using lithium ion battery prepared by the electrolyte under 4.5V high voltage condition, have extended cycle life, it is recycled more than 1000 times when capability retention reaches 90%, significantly improves normal-temperature circulating performance of the lithium ion battery under high voltage condition.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of lithium ion, and in particular to a kind of high-voltage lithium ion batteries.
Background technology
To meet electric automobile maximization and the needs of motorization, the lithium ion battery of high-energy-density is developed as must
Right trend.It is to improve the effective way of lithium ion battery energy density to improve operating voltage, and high operating voltage is to battery material
Material system especially requires higher to the electrochemical stability of electrolyte, and therefore, development high safety, high-voltage functions electrolyte are high
Than the important directions of energy battery research and development.
Research is found, the stabilization of film forming in high voltage system can be improved by adding characteristic additive in the electrolytic solution
Property, lift the cycle life and high temperature performance of battery.Ko-Eun Kim etc. [1] discoveries LiDFP (difluorophosphate,
LiPF2O2) when being used as additive under normal temperature condition, LiF proportions are larger in the SEI films that negative pole is formed, and are advantageous to improve
The stability of interfacial film, but the transmission resistance of lithium ion can be increased simultaneously, make the membrane impedance of battery increase;Bowen.Yang etc.
[2] LiDFP is have studied to LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2The influence of/graphite battery cryogenic properties, find LiDFP under low temperature
It has been decomposed to form and has been rich in LiF and Li2CO3SEI films, make battery impedance reduce while, cycle performance also obtains carrying greatly very much
It is high.But above result of study is to test to obtain under common voltage, i.e., it is not yet reported that LiDFP is added into high voltage electricity
High-voltage battery is made in solution liquid.
[1]Kim,K.E.;Jang,Y.J.;Park,Y.;et al.A combination of lithium
difluorophosphate and vinylene carbonate as reducible additives to improve
cycling performance of graphite electrodes at high rates.Electrochemistry
Communication,2015,61,121-124.
[2]Yang B.W.;Zhang H.;Le Y.;et al.Lithium difluorophosphate as an
additive to improve the low temperature performance of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/
graphite cells.Electrochimica Acta,2016,221,107-114.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high-voltage lithium ion batteries, can improve the energy density of battery, extend circulation
Life-span.
To achieve the above object, a kind of high-voltage lithium ion batteries of the invention include anode pole piece, cathode pole piece, setting
Barrier film between anode pole piece and cathode pole piece, and electrolyte;
The anode pole piece includes plus plate current-collecting body and the anode sizing agent coated in plus plate current-collecting body surface, the positive pole slurry
Material includes positive active material, conductive agent A and binding agent A, and the mass ratio of positive active material, conductive agent A and binding agent A is
95.5:3:1.5;
The cathode pole piece includes negative current collector and the cathode size coated in negative current collector surface, the negative pole slurry
Material includes negative electrode active material, conductive agent B, dispersant and binding agent B, negative electrode active material, conductive agent B, dispersant and bonding
Agent B mass ratio is 95:1.5:1.5:2;
The electrolyte includes electrolyte lithium salt, non-aqueous organic solvent and additive, and the additive is difluorophosphate
(LiDFP) and 1,3- propene sulfonic acid lactones (PST), LiDFP and PST mass percent concentration are identical.
Preferably, the mass percent of the additive in the electrolytic solution is 0.1~2%.It is furthermore preferred that the additive
Mass percent in the electrolytic solution is 1%.
Preferably, the positive active material is LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2, the conductive agent A is by Super-P and KS-6
In mass ratio 1:1 composition, the binding agent A is Kynoar (PVDF).
Preferably, the negative electrode active material is composite graphite, and the conductive agent B is Super-P, and the dispersant is carboxylic
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce (CMC), the binding agent are butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR).
Preferably, the electrolyte lithium salt is selected from LiPF6、LiClO4、LiBOB、LiBF4、LiAsF6, in LiODFB, LiCl
Any one, the concentration of the lithium salts is 0.8~1.5mol/L.
Preferably, the non-aqueous organic solvent is selected from ethylene carbonate, propene carbonate, butylene, carbonic acid diformazan
In ester, diethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate and methyl propyl carbonate it is any two or more.
Further, the charge cutoff voltage of the high-voltage lithium ion batteries is 4.5V.
The present invention is using LiDFP and PST as electrolyte complex function additive, and wherein LiDFP HOMO energy levels are than electricity
It is high to solve liquid solvent molecule, oxidation reaction preferentially can occur in positive electrode surface in cyclic process, form stable interfacial film
(SEI) electrolyte contact with positive electrode surface active sites, is reduced, electrolyte can be suppressed oxidation Decomposition occurs in subsequent circulation
And the destruction of cathode material structure, reduce the loss of irreversible capacity;PST can form stable on battery positive and negative electrode surface
SEI films, common embedding and reduction decomposition of the solvent molecule in negative pole can be suppressed, so as to improve the cyclicity of high-voltage lithium ion batteries
Energy.
The present invention is by adjusting cooperative effect caused by LiDFP and PST proportioning so that is prepared using the electrolyte
Lithium ion battery has extended cycle life under 4.5V high voltage condition, when capability retention reach 90% recyclable 1000 times with
On, normal-temperature circulating performance of the lithium ion battery under high voltage condition is significantly improved, is advantageously implemented the height of lithium ion battery
Pressureization.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cycle performance of the embodiment of the present invention 2 and the high-voltage lithium ion batteries obtained by comparative example 1,2,5,6
Figure.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
The assembling process of full battery is as follows:
(1) prepared by anode pole piece:To be adapted to high-tension ternary material LiNi by coating0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2For positive pole
Active material, by 95.5% LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2, 1.5% conductive agent Super-P and 1.5% conductive agent KS-6,
1.5% binding agent PVDF is mixed and made into anode sizing agent and is uniformly coated on plus plate current-collecting body aluminium foil, at 110 DEG C~145 DEG C
Baking oven in be baked to anode pole piece weightlessness than < 0.2%, be then cut into sheet, then cut into small pieces, aluminium pole ears of burn-oning, and
High tempreture tape is pasted on aluminium pole ears, that is, obtains anode pole piece;
(2) prepared by cathode pole piece:Using composite graphite as negative electrode active material, 95.0% composite graphite, 1.5% are led
Electric agent Super-P, 1.5% dispersing agent C MC and 2% binding agent SBR are mixed and made into cathode size and are uniformly coated on negative pole
On copper foil of affluxion body, cathode pole piece weightlessness is baked in 70 DEG C~90 DEG C of baking oven than < 0.2%, is then cut into sheet, then
Small pieces are cut into, nickel lug of burn-oning, and paste high tempreture tape on nickel lug, that is, obtain cathode pole piece;
(3) prepared by electrolyte:In the glove box full of argon gas, by up-to-standard solvent ethylene carbonate, carbonic acid first
Ethyl ester in mass ratio 3:7 mixing, then add lithium salts LiPF6Concentration to lithium salts is 1mol/L, is stirred continuously during this, then
The additive LiDFP and PST for accounting for electrolyte gross mass 1% respectively are added, is stirred, that is, electrolyte is made;
(4) assemble:On the winder by anode pole piece, PP barrier films, cathode pole piece, PP barrier films sequential volume around obtaining cylinder
Type core, core is fitted into box hat, is put into insulating trip up and down, point back welding, slot rolling, welding cap cap, then in 80 DEG C of vacuum drying
72h is toasted in case, electrolyte is finally injected in the glove box full of argon gas, seals, mantle, that is, obtains full battery.
Embodiment 2
In addition to the composition difference of electrolyte, the remainder of high-voltage lithium ion batteries is same as Example 1.
The composition of electrolyte is as follows:Lithium salts is LiPF6, and the concentration of lithium salts is 1mol/L;Non-aqueous organic solvent is carbon
(both mass ratioes are 3 for vinyl acetate, methyl ethyl carbonate:7);Additive is LiDFP and PST, accounts for electrolyte gross mass respectively
0.5%.
Embodiment 3
In addition to the composition difference of electrolyte, the remainder of high-voltage lithium ion batteries is same as Example 1.
The composition of electrolyte is as follows:Lithium salts is LiPF6, and the concentration of lithium salts is 0.8mol/L;Non-aqueous organic solvent is
(mass ratio of three is 4 for ethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, propene carbonate:5:1);Additive is LiDFP and PST, respectively
Account for the 0.05% of electrolyte gross mass.
Embodiment 4
In addition to the composition difference of electrolyte, the remainder of high-voltage lithium ion batteries is same as Example 1.
The composition of electrolyte is as follows:Lithium salts is LiPF6, and the concentration of lithium salts is 1.5mol/L;Non-aqueous organic solvent is
(four mass ratio is 4 for ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, butylene:2:3:1);Additive is
LiDFP and PST, the 0.5% of electrolyte gross mass is accounted for respectively.
Comparative example 1
In addition to the composition difference of electrolyte, the remainder of high-voltage lithium ion batteries is same as Example 1.
The composition of electrolyte is as follows:Lithium salts is LiPF6, and the concentration of lithium salts is 1mol/L;Non-aqueous organic solvent is carbon
(both mass ratioes are 3 for vinyl acetate, methyl ethyl carbonate:7);Additive is not contained.
Comparative example 2
In addition to the composition difference of electrolyte, the remainder of high-voltage lithium ion batteries is same as Example 1.
The composition of electrolyte is as follows:Lithium salts is LiPF6, and the concentration of lithium salts is 1mol/L;Non-aqueous organic solvent is carbon
(both mass ratioes are 3 for vinyl acetate, methyl ethyl carbonate:7);Additive is vinylene carbonate (VC), accounts for the total matter of electrolyte
The 0.5% of amount.
Comparative example 3
In addition to the composition difference of electrolyte, the remainder of high-voltage lithium ion batteries is same as Example 1.
The composition of electrolyte is as follows:Lithium salts is LiPF6, and the concentration of lithium salts is 1mol/L;Non-aqueous organic solvent is carbon
(both mass ratioes are 3 for vinyl acetate, methyl ethyl carbonate:7);Additive is LiDFP, accounts for the 1% of electrolyte gross mass.
Comparative example 4
In addition to the composition difference of electrolyte, the remainder of high-voltage lithium ion batteries is same as Example 1.
The composition of electrolyte is as follows:Lithium salts is LiPF6, and the concentration of lithium salts is 1mol/L;Non-aqueous organic solvent is carbon
(both mass ratioes are 3 for vinyl acetate, methyl ethyl carbonate:7);Additive is PST, accounts for the 1% of electrolyte gross mass.
Comparative example 5
In addition to the composition difference of electrolyte, the remainder of high-voltage lithium ion batteries is same as Example 1.
The composition of electrolyte is as follows:Lithium salts is LiPF6, and the concentration of lithium salts is 1mol/L;Non-aqueous organic solvent is carbon
(both mass ratioes are 3 for vinyl acetate, methyl ethyl carbonate:7);Additive is LiDFP, accounts for the 0.5% of electrolyte gross mass.
Comparative example 6
In addition to the composition difference of electrolyte, the remainder of high-voltage lithium ion batteries is same as Example 1.
The composition of electrolyte is as follows:Lithium salts is LiPF6, and the concentration of lithium salts is 1mol/L;Non-aqueous organic solvent is carbon
(both mass ratioes are 3 for vinyl acetate, methyl ethyl carbonate:7);Additive is PST, accounts for the 0.5% of electrolyte gross mass.
The normal temperature circulation test of full battery:
Under the conditions of 25 DEG C ± 3 DEG C, battery is charged into 4.5V in a manner of 1C multiplying powers constant current-constant pressure, cut-off current is
0.02C, then by 1C constant-current discharges to 3V, be so recycled to capability retention and reach 90%, with the discharge capacity of n-th divided by
The average of the discharge capacity of preceding ten times, obtain circulating the capability retention of n-th, data comparison such as table 1:
Table 1
With reference to table 1 and Fig. 1, compare comparative example 1~6 and embodiment 1~2 is understood, when in electrolyte without LiDFP additives,
Battery capacity decays quickly, and cycle-index is less;When adding LiDFP and PST compound additives, the capacity attenuation speed of battery
Slow down, and when LiDFP and PST additions are 0.5%, cycle-index is most, when to illustrate LiDFP and PST contents be 0.5%
Most beneficial for the cycle life for improving battery.
The electrolyte lithium salt is except the LiPF being related in above example and comparative example6, LiClO can also be selected4、
LiBOB、LiBF4、LiAsF6, any one in LiODFB, LiCl.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of high-voltage lithium ion batteries, including anode pole piece, cathode pole piece, it is arranged between anode pole piece and cathode pole piece
Barrier film, and electrolyte, the anode pole piece include plus plate current-collecting body and the anode sizing agent coated in plus plate current-collecting body surface,
The cathode pole piece includes negative current collector and the cathode size coated in negative current collector surface, and the electrolyte includes electrolysis
Matter lithium salts, non-aqueous organic solvent and additive;Characterized in that,
The anode sizing agent includes positive active material, conductive agent A and binding agent A, positive active material, conductive agent A and bonding
Agent A mass ratio is 95.5:3:1.5;
The cathode size includes negative electrode active material, conductive agent B, dispersant and binding agent B, negative electrode active material, conductive agent
B, dispersant and binding agent B mass ratio are 95:1.5:1.5:2;
The additive is the matter of difluorophosphate and 1,3- propene sulfonic acid lactones, difluorophosphate and 1,3- propene sulfonic acid lactones
It is identical to measure percent concentration.
2. high-voltage lithium ion batteries according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the matter of the additive in the electrolytic solution
It is 0.1~2% to measure percentage.
3. high-voltage lithium ion batteries according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the matter of the additive in the electrolytic solution
It is 1% to measure percentage.
4. according to the high-voltage lithium ion batteries described in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the positive electrode active material
Matter is LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2, the conductive agent A is by Super-P and KS-6 in mass ratio 1:1 composition, the binding agent A are
Kynoar.
5. according to the high-voltage lithium ion batteries described in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the negative electrode active material
Matter is composite graphite, and the conductive agent B is Super-P, and the dispersant is sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the binding agent is butylbenzene
Rubber.
6. according to the high-voltage lithium ion batteries described in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the electrolyte lithium salt
Selected from LiPF6、LiClO4、LiBOB、LiBF4、LiAsF6, any one in LiODFB, LiCl, the concentration of the lithium salts is
0.8~1.5mol/L.
7. according to the high-voltage lithium ion batteries described in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that described non-aqueous organic molten
Agent is selected from ethylene carbonate, propene carbonate, butylene, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate and carbonic acid
In first propyl ester it is any two or more.
8. according to the high-voltage lithium ion batteries described in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the high voltage lithium from
The charge cutoff voltage of sub- battery is 4.5V.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110197894A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-09-03 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Cathode pole piece and lithium ion battery including cathode pole piece |
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CN106025359A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-12 | 珠海市赛纬电子材料股份有限公司 | Lithium ion power battery non-water electrolyte |
CN106252639A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2016-12-21 | 广州天赐高新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of high-capacity lithium ion cell electrolyte, preparation method and lithium ion battery taking into account high temperature performance |
CN106920992A (en) * | 2015-12-27 | 2017-07-04 | 深圳市沃特玛电池有限公司 | A kind of high magnification capacity type power battery electrolyte |
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JP2014072025A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-21 | Panasonic Corp | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery and method for manufacturing the same |
CN106920992A (en) * | 2015-12-27 | 2017-07-04 | 深圳市沃特玛电池有限公司 | A kind of high magnification capacity type power battery electrolyte |
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Application publication date: 20180209 |