CN107680707B - A kind of composition metal nano wire of core-shell structure and the preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
A kind of composition metal nano wire of core-shell structure and the preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
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Abstract
The present invention provides composition metal nano wires of a kind of core-shell structure and the preparation method and application thereof, the composition metal nano wire of the core-shell structure includes the metal nanometer line conductive network of two-dimensional structure or three-dimensional structure, the electroplating surface of the metal nanometer line conductive network has shell metal material, and the plating is to carry out in the case where assisting condition of external field.Soldering is good at the composition metal nanowire crossbars point of technical solution of the present invention, significantly reduces contact resistance, the transparent conductive film good conductivity constructed；The shoulder to grow out under the auxiliary of outfield, effectively increases mechanical adhesion, the transparent conductive film mechanical adhesion constructed is big；The transparent conductive film temperature tolerance that it is constructed is high；Preparation method does not use high-temperature process, and raw material are nontoxic, energy conservation and environmental protection, has good industrial prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the composition metal nano wires and its preparation side of field of material technology more particularly to a kind of core-shell structure
Method and application.
Background technique
Transparent conductive film is in touch screen, display, heater, biosensor are antistatic, new energy, solar-electricity
Pond, flexible electronic, wearable electronic etc. are with a wide range of applications.It is general to use at present in transparent conductive film
Tin indium oxide is as main transparent conductive electrode material.But the brittleness of indium tin oxide material itself limits it in flexible electronic
Application in device and wearable device field.
It is transparent to be considered as preparation a new generation because of excellent electric property, optical property and mechanical flexibility for metal nanometer line
The optimal material of conductive electrode.However, the conductive network contact resistance that metal nanometer line is formed is big, the active force between substrate
It is weak, and because of metal is in nanoscale and temperature tolerance is poor, this just limits the performance boundary of transparent conductive film itself, while also limiting
Its application in thermostable transparent conductive film field.
Summary of the invention
Against the above technical problems, the invention discloses composition metal nano wires of a kind of core-shell structure and preparation method thereof
With application, it is applied in transparent conductive film, the obtained low active force between substrate of transparent conductive film sheet resistance is good, can
Light-exposed transmitance is high, mechanical adhesion is big and can high temperature resistant, application field is very extensive.
In this regard, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of composition metal nano wire of core-shell structure comprising the metal nanometer line of two-dimensional structure or three-dimensional structure
Conductive network, the electroplating surface of the metal nanometer line conductive network have shell metal material, and the plating is in auxiliary condition of external field
Lower progress.
It adopts this technical solution, the conductive film which forms, the good soldering of intersection, metal nano
Line and substrate contact position grow shoulder, and heat resistance is greatly improved under the protection of shell metallic.The tool of offer
There is the composition metal nano wire structure of core shell knot novel, the conductive film of formation is had excellent performance, and method is low in cost, simple process, again
Renaturation is good, has good industrial prospect.There is core/shell structure composition metal nano wire can be applied to thermostable transparent for this
In conductive film.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the composition metal nano wire passes through galavanic growth under auxiliary magnetic field effect
Shoulder out forms the core/shell structure with triangular-section.It adopts this technical solution, under the auxiliary of magnetic field, metal nano
Line and substrate contact position grow shoulder, form the core/shell structure with triangular-section, effectively increase mechanical attachment
Power, resistance value is almost unchanged after 3M adhesive tape test 300 times；And using the transparent conductive film of composition metal nano wire formation
High temperature resistant temperature substantially increases application range in 150-650 DEG C of range.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the auxiliary outfield is magnetic field, when plating the magnetic line of force in the magnetic field it is vertical
In the magnetic field of conductive network.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the material of the metal nanometer line conductive network be gold, silver, copper, iron, cobalt,
At least one of nickel, tin, zinc, aluminium or respective alloy.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the shell metal material is gold, silver, copper, iron, cobalt, nickel, tin, zinc, aluminium or each
From one of alloy, two kinds or at least two combination.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the metal nanometer line conductive network is silver nanowires, the shell metal material
Material is nickel.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of the composition metal nano wire of core-shell structure as described above comprising
Following steps:
Step S1 will be coated or impregnated with electrocondution slurry of the lifting containing metal nanometer line or by three in two-dimensional surface substrate
Dimension porous material is submerged into the electrocondution slurry containing metal nanometer line, before obtaining two dimension or 3-dimensional metal nano wire conductive network
Drive body；
Step S2, using two dimension or 3-dimensional metal nano wire conductive network presoma as cathode, with the metal of shell metal material
Piece is anode, is placed in the plating solution containing respective shell metal material salt, while applying auxiliary magnetic field, make assisting magnetic line perpendicular to
The magnetic field of conductive network is electroplated, and the composition metal nano wire of core-shell structure is obtained.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S2, before using two dimension or 3-dimensional metal nano wire conductive network
Driving body is after cathode is electroplated, by the composition metal nano wire in the three-dimensional porous material after plating using ultrasonic cleaning to dispersion liquid
In, it is subsequently used for the coating of transparent conductive film.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the material of the two-dimensional surface substrate is glass, quartz, poly terephthalic acid
Glycol ester (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polycarbonate (PC)；The three-dimensional porous material is polyurethane, zeolite, more
Porous aluminum oxide, porous zirconia, expanded polystyrene or polyvinyl chloride foam.
As a further improvement of the present invention, when plating, the plate spacing at yin-yang the two poles of the earth is 0.5 ~ 20 cm, and electroplating voltage is
0.05 ~ 35 V, 1 ~ 60 min of electroplating time, auxiliary magnetic field intensity 0.1-2 T.
As a further improvement of the present invention, using the metal for being coated or impregnated with lifting acquisition two dimension or three-dimensional structure
Nano wire conductive network presoma.
It is using technical solution of the present invention, metal nanometer line conductive network presoma is electric under the auxiliary of auxiliary magnetic field
Plating, prepares the composition metal nano wire with core/shell structure, the transparent conductive film formed using the composition metal nano wire
Transmitance is 88% or more；The good soldering of intersection significantly reduces contact resistance, and sheet resistance is in 10 Ω/sq or less；In magnetic field
Under auxiliary, metal nanometer line and substrate contact position grow shoulder, form the core/shell structure of specific structure, effectively increase
Mechanical adhesion, especially section are triangular structure, and mechanical adhesion is more preferable, and resistance value is several after 3M adhesive tape test 300 times
It is unchanged.Because of the protection of shell metallic, the temperature tolerance of the composition metal nano wire of preparation obtains significant increase, for example, nickel
Cladding silver nanowires composite fibre is resistant to 400 DEG C of high temperature, compared to silver nanowires can only resistance to 180 DEG C promoted nearly twice, table
The composition metal nano wire of the core/shell structure of bright preparation has good prospect in high temperature resistant application.
The invention also discloses a kind of application of the composition metal nano wire of core-shell structure as described above, the nucleocapsid knot
The composition metal nano wire of structure is applied in transparent conductive film.
The resulting composition metal nano wire of the present invention is led by two-dimentional or 3-dimensional metal nano wire is electroplated under the subsidiary conditions of outfield
Electric network presoma obtains, and compared with the existing technology, its advantages include:
(1) good soldering at composition metal nanowire crossbars point, significantly reduces contact resistance, the electrically conducting transparent constructed
Film conductivity is good.
(2) under the auxiliary of magnetic field, metal nanometer line and substrate contact position grow shoulder, and being formed has triangular-section
Core/shell structure, effectively increase mechanical adhesion, the transparent conductive film mechanical adhesion constructed is big.
(3) protection of shell metallic is benefited from, the temperature tolerance of the composition metal nano wire of preparation obtains significant increase, structure
The transparent conductive film temperature tolerance built is high.
(4) the present invention provides a kind of low in cost, simple processes, the reproducible compound gold with core/shell structure
Belong to the preparation method of nano wire, whole preparation process does not use high-temperature process, and raw material are nontoxic, energy conservation and environmental protection, has good
Industrial prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 has triangular-section core/shell structure composition metal nano wire SEM figure for what the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtained.Its
In, Fig. 1 a is intersection SEM figure, and Fig. 1 b is section SEM figure, and Fig. 1 c is TEM figure.
Fig. 2 is the EDX figure with triangular-section core/shell structure composition metal nano wire that the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtains
And XRD diagram；Wherein, Fig. 2 a is EDX figure, and Fig. 2 b is XRD diagram.
Fig. 3 be the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtain have triangular-section core/shell structure composition metal nano wire construct it is saturating
The full spectrogram of transmitance of the bright conductive film in visible-range.
Fig. 4 be the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtain have triangular-section core/shell structure composition metal nano wire construct it is saturating
Bright conductive film sheet resistance varies with temperature result.
Fig. 5 be the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtain have triangular-section core/shell structure composition metal nano wire construct it is saturating
SEM figure (Fig. 5 a) and silver nanowires transparent conductive film SEM through 400 DEG C heat treatment after of the bright conductive film after 400 DEG C of heat treatment
Scheme (Fig. 5 b).
Fig. 6 be the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtain have triangular-section core/shell structure composition metal nano wire construct it is saturating
Bright conductive film sheet resistance is with 3M tape-stripping testing time situation of change.Compared to silver nanowires transparent conductive film, this conductive film can
It is subjected to nearly 200 stickups test and changes without obvious sheet resistance.
Fig. 7 is that the part that the embodiment of the present invention 2 obtains has triangular-section core/shell structure composition metal nano wire SEM
Figure.
Fig. 8 has circular cross-section core/shell structure composition metal nano wire SEM figure for what the embodiment of the present invention 3 obtained.
Fig. 9 has circular cross-section core/shell structure composition metal nano wire SEM figure for what the embodiment of the present invention 4 obtained.
Figure 10 has core/shell structure composition metal nano wire SEM figure for what the embodiment of the present invention 5 obtained.Wherein, 10a is
Intersection SEM figure, 10b are TEM figure.
Figure 11 is the EDX figure and XRD diagram with core/shell structure composition metal nano wire that the embodiment of the present invention 5 obtains,
Middle Figure 11 a is EDX figure, and Figure 11 b is XRD diagram.
Figure 12 is the transparent conductive film constructed with core/shell structure composition metal nano wire that the embodiment of the present invention 5 obtains
The full spectrogram of transmitance in visible-range.
Figure 13 has core/shell structure composition metal nano wire SEM figure for what the embodiment of the present invention 5 obtained.Wherein, 13a is
Intersection SEM figure, 13b are TEM figure.
Figure 14 is the EDX figure and XRD diagram with core/shell structure composition metal nano wire that the embodiment of the present invention 5 obtains；Its
In, Figure 14 a is EDX figure, and Figure 14 b is XRD diagram.
Figure 15 is the transparent conductive film constructed with core/shell structure composition metal nano wire that the embodiment of the present invention 5 obtains
The full spectrogram of transmitance in visible-range.
Figure 16 is transparent the leading with what core/shell structure composition metal nano wire was constructed of obtaining of the embodiment of the present invention 1,4,5
The sheet resistance and transmitance comparing result figure of electrolemma and silver nanowires transparent conductive film.
Specific embodiment
Preferably embodiment of the invention is described in further detail below.
Embodiment 1
Quartz plate is placed in ethyl alcohol and is cleaned by ultrasonic 60 min, is then dried with non-dust cloth, is handled in UV ozone
10 min.Then, the silver nanowires isopropanol electrocondution slurry that concentration is 10 mg/mL is coated on quartz plate with Mayer bar,
In toasting 10 min in 80 DEG C of baking ovens, obtain metal nanometer line conductive network presoma, initial resistance value control 1-2 K Ω/
sq.Using metal nanometer line conductive network presoma as electroplating cathode, using nickel plate as galvanic anode, apply the magnetic line of force perpendicular to conduction
The magnetic field of network, magnetic field strength are 1.2 T, and constant pressure is electroplated in nickel salt electroplate liquid, 5 V of electroplating voltage, 5 min of electroplating time.
The transparent conductive film of transparent conductive film and silver nanowires that the composition metal nano wire that the present embodiment 1 obtains is constructed
Compare test.The crosspoint SEM for the composition metal nano wire that the present embodiment obtains is shown in Fig. 1 a, and section SEM is shown in Fig. 1 b,
TEM is shown in Fig. 1 c, and as described in Figure 1, composition metal nano wire galavanic growth under auxiliary magnetic field effect goes out shoulder, forms tool
There is the core/shell structure of triangular-section.EDX result is shown in Fig. 2 a, and XRD result is shown in Fig. 2 b.The transparent conductive film of acquisition it is saturating
Crossing rate is 88.1%, and sheet resistance is 11.5 Ω/sq, gained composition metal nano wire transparent conductive film visible-range transmitance map
It is shown in Fig. 3.Composition metal nano wire transparent conductive film sheet resistance, which varies with temperature, is shown in Fig. 4, compared with silver nanowires, has more preferable
Heat resistance.SEM of the conductive film after 400 DEG C of heat treatment is illustrated in shown in Fig. 5, it is seen then that after 400 DEG C of heat treatment,
The composition metal nano wire transparent conductive film of the present embodiment still has good conductive network, the conductive thin of opposite silver nanowires
Film has better temperature tolerance.The composition metal nano wire transparent conductive film 3M tape-stripping test test result of the present embodiment is shown
Sheet resistance is without significant change after Fig. 6, test 200 times, and the sheet resistance that the conductive film of silver nanowires pastes test rises rapidly.It is multiple
It closes metal nanometer line transparent conductive film and silver nanowires transparent conductive film transmitance and sheet resistance comparing result is shown in Figure 16.By right
Than as it can be seen that the composition metal nano wire obtained using technical solution of the present invention relative to silver metal nano wire under identical sheet resistance
With better transparent conductive film transmitance.
Embodiment 2
Quartz plate is placed in ethyl alcohol and is cleaned by ultrasonic 60 min, is then dried with non-dust cloth, is handled in UV ozone
10 min.Then, the silver nanowires isopropanol electrocondution slurry that concentration is 10 mg/mL is coated on quartz plate with Mayer bar,
In toasting 10 min in 80 DEG C of baking ovens, obtain metal nanometer line conductive network presoma, initial resistance value control 1-2 K Ω/
sq.Using metal nanometer line conductive network presoma as electroplating cathode, using nickel plate as galvanic anode, apply the magnetic line of force perpendicular to conduction
The magnetic field of network, magnetic field strength are 0.5 T, and constant pressure is electroplated in the electroplate liquid of configuration, 5 V of electroplating voltage, electroplating time 5
min。
The SEM of the composition metal nano wire of acquisition is illustrated in Fig. 7.The transmitance and sheet resistance of conductive film are respectively after plating
88.21% and 32 Ω/sq.
Embodiment 3
Quartz plate is placed in ethyl alcohol and is cleaned by ultrasonic 60 min, is then dried with non-dust cloth, is handled in UV ozone
10 min.Then, the silver nanowires isopropanol electrocondution slurry that concentration is 10 mg/mL is coated on quartz plate with Mayer bar,
In toasting 10 min in 80 DEG C of baking ovens, obtain metal nanometer line conductive network presoma, initial resistance value control 1-2 K Ω/
sq.Using metal nanometer line conductive network presoma as electroplating cathode, using nickel plate as galvanic anode, in the electroplate liquid containing nickel salt
Constant pressure plating, 5 V of electroplating voltage, 5 min of electroplating time.
The SEM of the composition metal nano wire of acquisition is illustrated in Fig. 8.The transmitance and sheet resistance of transparent conductive film are obtained after plating
Respectively 88.3% and 67 Ω/sq.
Embodiment 4
Three-dimensional substrates cellular polyurethane is placed in ethyl alcohol and is cleaned by ultrasonic 60 min, then with vacuum oven at 50 DEG C
Dry 30 min of substrate, handles 10 min in UV ozone.Then, substrate is immersed in electrocondution slurry, is then lifted
Out and in toasting 10 min in 80 DEG C of baking ovens, metal nanometer line conductive network presoma is obtained.Its initial resistance value control is in 1-2 K
Ω/sq.Using metal nanometer line presoma as electroplating cathode, using nickel plate as galvanic anode, constant pressure is electroplated in the electroplate liquid of configuration,
Electroplating voltage 5V, 5 min of electroplating time.Then substrate leaching is placed in ultrasonic disperse in isopropanol, so that composition metal Nanowire
Dimension is scattered in solvent.
The composition metal nanofiber SEM of acquisition is shown in Fig. 9.The conductive paste formed using such composition metal nanofiber
Material is coated with using Mayer bar on a quartz substrate, obtains transparent conductive film, transmitance and sheet resistance are respectively 85.7% and 96
Ω/sq。
Embodiment 5
Quartz plate is placed in ethyl alcohol and is cleaned by ultrasonic 60 min, is then dried with non-dust cloth, is handled in UV ozone
10 min.Then, the silver nanowires isopropanol electrocondution slurry that concentration is 10 mg/mL is coated on quartz plate with Mayer bar,
In toasting 10 min in 80 DEG C of baking ovens, obtain metal nanometer line conductive network presoma, initial resistance value control 1-2 K Ω/
sq.Using metal nanometer line conductive network presoma as electroplating cathode, using copper sheet as in galvanic anode, then the electroplate liquid containing mantoquita
Constant pressure plating, 5 V of electroplating voltage, 5 min of electroplating time.
The crosspoint SEM of the composition metal nano wire of acquisition is illustrated in Figure 10 a, and TEM is illustrated in Figure 10 b, it is seen that meets gold
Belong to nano wire and form core-shell structure, the plating is carried out in the case where assisting condition of external field.EDX is illustrated in Figure 11 a, XRD knot
Fruit is shown in Figure 11 b.The transmitance for obtaining transparent conductive film is 86.4%, and sheet resistance is divided into 62 Ω/sq.Gained composition metal nano wire
Transparent conductive film visible-range transmitance map is shown in Figure 12, has good light transmittance.Composition metal nano wire is transparent to lead
Electrolemma and silver nanowires transparent conductive film transmitance and sheet resistance comparing result are shown in Figure 16.By comparison as it can be seen that using the present invention
The obtained composition metal nano wire of technical solution there is under identical sheet resistance preferably transparent lead relative to silver metal nano wire
Electrolemma transmitance.
Embodiment 6
Quartz plate is placed in ethyl alcohol and is cleaned by ultrasonic 60 min, is then dried with non-dust cloth, is handled in UV ozone
10 min.Then, the silver nanowires isopropanol electrocondution slurry that concentration is 10 mg/mL is coated on quartz plate with Mayer bar,
In toasting 10 min in 80 DEG C of baking ovens, obtain metal nanometer line conductive network presoma, initial resistance value control 1-2 K Ω/
sq.Using metal nanometer line conductive network presoma as electroplating cathode, using copper sheet as in galvanic anode, then the electroplate liquid containing mantoquita
Constant pressure plating, 9 V of electroplating voltage, 5 min of electroplating time.
The crosspoint SEM of the composition metal nano wire of acquisition is shown in Figure 13 a, and TEM is shown in Figure 13 b, it is seen then that intersection connects
It connects good.EDX result is shown in Figure 14 a, and XRD result is shown in Figure 14 b.The transmitance for obtaining transparent conductive film is 88.0%, and sheet resistance is
13 Ω/sq, gained composition metal nano wire transparent conductive film visible-range transmitance map are shown in Figure 15.Composition metal is received
Rice noodles transparent conductive film and silver nanowires transparent conductive film transmitance and sheet resistance comparing result are shown in Figure 16, by comparison as it can be seen that
The composition metal nano wire obtained using technical solution of the present invention is had more under identical sheet resistance relative to silver metal nano wire
Good transparent conductive film transmitance.
The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be said that
Specific implementation of the invention is only limited to these instructions.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, exist
Under the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, a number of simple deductions or replacements can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of composition metal nano wire of core-shell structure, it is characterised in that: it includes two-dimensional structure or three-dimensional structure
Metal nanometer line conductive network, the electroplating surface of the metal nanometer line conductive network have shell metal material, the composition metal
Nano wire goes out shoulder by galavanic growth in the case where assisting outer field action, forms the core/shell structure with triangular-section；Institute
Stating auxiliary outfield is magnetic field, when plating the magnetic field the magnetic line of force perpendicular to conductive network magnetic field.
2. the composition metal nano wire of core-shell structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the metal nanometer line is led
The material of electric network is at least one of gold, silver, copper, iron, cobalt, nickel, tin, zinc, aluminium or respective alloy；The shell metal material
For one of gold, silver, copper, iron, cobalt, nickel, tin, zinc, aluminium or respective alloy, two kinds or at least two combination.
3. the composition metal nano wire of core-shell structure according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the metal nanometer line is led
Electric network is silver nanowires, and the shell metal material is nickel.
4. a kind of preparation method of the composition metal nano wire of the core-shell structure as described in claim 1 ~ 3 any one, special
Sign is comprising following steps:
Step S1 will be coated or impregnated with the lifting electrocondution slurry containing metal nanometer line or three-dimensional is more in two-dimensional surface substrate
Porous materials are submerged into the electrocondution slurry containing metal nanometer line, obtain two dimension or 3-dimensional metal nano wire conductive network forerunner
Body；
Step S2, using two dimension or 3-dimensional metal nano wire conductive network presoma as cathode, the sheet metal with shell metal material is
Anode is placed in the plating solution containing respective shell metal material salt, while applying auxiliary magnetic field, makes assisting magnetic line perpendicular to conduction
The magnetic field of network is electroplated, and the composition metal nano wire of core-shell structure is obtained.
5. the preparation method of the composition metal nano wire of core-shell structure according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: step S2
In, after using two dimension or 3-dimensional metal nano wire conductive network presoma for cathode plating, by the three-dimensional porous material after plating
Composition metal nano wire in material, into dispersion liquid, is subsequently used for the coating of transparent conductive film using ultrasonic cleaning.
6. the preparation method of the composition metal nano wire of core-shell structure according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described two
The material of dimensional plane substrate is glass, quartz, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride or polycarbonate；The three-dimensional
Porous material is polyurethane, zeolite, porous aluminas, porous zirconia, expanded polystyrene or polyvinyl chloride foam.
7. the preparation method of the composition metal nano wire of core-shell structure according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: plating
When, the plate spacing at yin-yang the two poles of the earth is 0.5 ~ 20 cm, and electroplating voltage is 0.05 ~ 35 V, 1 ~ 60 min of electroplating time, auxiliary magnetic field
Intensity 0.1-2 T.
8. a kind of application of the composition metal nano wire of the core-shell structure as described in claim 1 ~ 3 any one, feature exist
In the composition metal nano wire of the core-shell structure is applied in transparent conductive film.
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| CN112893861A (en) * | 2021-01-17 | 2021-06-04 | 复旦大学 | High-work-function metal core-shell nanowire and preparation method and application thereof |
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