CN107677799B - Method and device for blocking pores of porous asphalt mixture - Google Patents
Method and device for blocking pores of porous asphalt mixture Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for blocking pores of a porous asphalt mixture, a frost heaving method of a blocked mixture and a frost heaving resistance evaluation method of the blocked mixture. And (3) screwing the bottom cover and the base on the left side and the right side of the cylindrical container containing the porous asphalt mixture test piece, and gradually blocking the pores of the asphalt mixture by clay particles by injecting turbid liquid of clay and clear water into the top cover and the base for multiple times and drying for multiple times. The hole plugging mixture is wrapped by sponge, and is frozen after sufficient water absorption, so that the frost heaving of the hole plugging mixture is realized. And (4) evaluating the frost heaving resistance after the pore blocking by combining with a Kentunberg scattering test and according to the change rate of scattering loss of the porous asphalt mixture before and after frost heaving.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a porous asphalt mixture, and belongs to the field of durability evaluation of porous asphalt pavements.
Background
In order to improve the functions of urban ecological systems and reduce urban flood disasters, China advocates the construction of sponge cities from 2012, and develops a series of planning, policy encouraging and implementation guidance opinions. As an important aspect of the construction of the sponge city, the porous asphalt pavement with the functions of seepage, stagnation, storage, purification, use and discharge is widely concerned and is considered as a key influencing the success or failure of the construction of the sponge city. In the porous asphalt pavement, the porous asphalt mixture paved on the surface layer plays an important role in downward water seepage and outward water drainage through rich communicating pores inside the porous asphalt mixture. The durability of the porous asphalt mixture determines the continuity of the function of the porous asphalt pavement and even the "sponge city".
at present, the durability research of the porous asphalt mixture mainly focuses on the following aspects. Firstly, the pores of the porous asphalt mixture are easily blocked by dust, rubber particles abraded by automobile tires and the like, so that the water seepage and drainage performance of the porous asphalt mixture is reduced, and the resistance or delay of pore blocking becomes one of the durability research contents; secondly, the porous asphalt mixture is in a framework gap structure form, a point-to-point contact bonding mode is adopted between the coarse aggregate and the coarse aggregate, so that the mixture is easy to scatter and aggregate particles are easy to run under the action of vehicle load, and the scattering resistance is the second content of the durability research. In addition to the above two aspects concerning durability, the frost heaviness of porous asphalt mixtures has not been paid sufficient attention for a long time, because the interconnected pores inside porous asphalt mixtures are numerous, and after the water inside the asphalt mixtures is solidified into ice, although the volume is expanded by 9%, the abundant interconnected pores can well dissipate the pore pressure caused by the volume expansion of ice, so that the frost heaviness damage to the mixtures caused by the condensation of water into ice inside the pores of porous asphalt mixtures is generally considered to be avoided.
However, recent studies have found that: the above thought that the frost heaving is not obvious is that on the premise that the pores in the porous asphalt mixture are communicated, if the pores in the mixture are blocked by dust and the like or are blocked due to pore compaction caused by high-temperature permanent deformation, the volume expansion amount of water in the mixture after being condensed into ice is not dissipated, so that the pore pressure is inevitably caused, and frost heaving damage is possibly caused. Moreover, after solid particles such as dust blocking the holes are frozen, the volume expansion amount of the solid particles may exceed 9% of the volume expansion caused by water freezing, namely, the dust blocking the holes causes more severe frost heaving than the water freezing. Unfortunately, in porous pavements already built in China, particularly porous asphalt pavements of urban roads, the problem of pore blocking is quite common and serious, pores of partial pavements are completely blocked soon after the vehicles are started due to the fact that dust is too much in peripheral construction sites and the like, compared with the situation that the air pump effect caused by rapid rolling of automobile tires on high-grade roads brings out pore dust, the speed of the urban roads is slow, and the possibility of bringing out the dust through the tires is low. Therefore, the problem of pore blockage and frost heaving caused by the pore blockage is very prominent in urban porous asphalt pavements in China. However, in the field of evaluating the performance of the porous asphalt mixture, a method for testing the frost heaving performance of the porous asphalt mixture after pore blocking is not established at present, so that a method for evaluating the frost heaving performance of the porous asphalt mixture after internal pore blocking needs to be invented.
disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for testing frost heaving resistance of a porous asphalt mixture after internal pores are blocked, which comprises the following three parts: indoor simulation of porous asphalt mixture pore blockage, a frost heaving scheme of the mixture after pore blockage and a frost heaving resistance test scheme.
A porous asphalt mixture pore blocking method comprises the following steps:
Step S1, molding the Marshall test piece of the molded porous mixture in a horizontally placed cylindrical container, wherein two ends of the cylindrical container are opened, and a base and a top cover are respectively screwed on the two opened ends, the outer walls of the base and the top cover are equally divided and fixed with a plurality of supporting legs, and the base and the top cover are respectively provided with an opening;
step S2, mixing dry clay particles with the particle size of 0.15mm ~ 0.3mm and clean water into a suspension, dividing the prepared suspension into two parts with equal mass, injecting the two parts into a cylindrical container from two openings of a base and a top cover respectively, sealing the two openings on the base and the top cover through a solid plug body after the injection is finished, and shaking the cylindrical container by external force to enable the clay particles in the suspension in the cylindrical container to fully enter pores of a Marshall test piece of a porous mixture;
step S3, the solid plug body is changed into a breathable plug body, the side of the breathable plug body, which is provided with the breathable holes, is placed in an oven upwards, and water in the suspension is evaporated from the cylindrical container through the breathable holes in the drying process until the liquid in the cylindrical container is completely dried;
and S4, unscrewing and cleaning the top cover and the base from the cylindrical container, reassembling the top cover and the base with the cylindrical container tightly, repeating the steps S2-S3 for 3 times, and obtaining the porous mixture test piece with the pores blocked by the clay.
before repeating the steps S2-S3 for 3 times, the cylindrical container is turned 180 degrees, 90 degrees and 180 degrees around the axis direction of the cylindrical container in sequence, so that the Marshall test piece is subjected to the blocking process of 3-time turning and 4-time drying treatment.
A device based on the porous asphalt mixture pore blocking method comprises a cylindrical container, a first sealing ring, a second sealing ring and a third sealing ring, wherein the cylindrical container comprises a cylindrical container with openings at the upper end and the lower end, and a top cover and a base which are respectively in threaded connection with the two openings of the cylindrical container;
The plug body is used for being matched and connected with the opening;
And the supporting legs with the same length are respectively arranged on the outer walls of the top cover and the base and are uniformly distributed along the outer walls of the top cover and the base.
The solid plug body and the air-permeable plug body are made of silica gel materials.
the solid plug body or the air plug body is in a round table shape.
A method for frost heaving of mixture after porous asphalt mixture pore blocking includes wrapping and fastening porous mixture test piece with clay, immersing in clean water to make water-absorbing material and mixture test piece fully absorb water, taking out and putting in refrigerator at-18 deg.C immediately to finish frost heaving process of mixture.
The water-absorbing material is sponge with the thickness of more than 15 mm.
An anti-frost heaving performance evaluation method of a mixture after hole plugging, which is based on a scattering loss change rate Kd=(S1-S0)/S0Evaluating the frost heaving resistance of the porous mixture after pore blockage by multiplying 100 percent, wherein S1Is the scattering loss of the mixture after the hole blockage is frozen and swelled, S0The mixture is scattered and lost without pore blockage and frost heaving processes.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects:
the invention realizes the indoor simulation of pore blockage and frost heaving of the porous asphalt mixture after pore blockage, and evaluates the frost heaving resistance by the scattering loss change rate of the porous mixture after frost heaving through the common Kentunberg scattering test in the field.
The hole plugging simulation device has the advantages of convenience in manufacturing and simplicity in operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a porous asphalt mixture pore blocking device;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the vent body;
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a horizontally disposed pore plugging device;
FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a drawing of four semicircular markings made on the sidewall of a three-fold inverted cartridge container;
fig. 7 is a sponge-wrapped plug mix test piece.
1-a top cover; 2-a cylindrical container; 3-a base; 4-a top cover; 5-thread; 6-solid plug body; 7-a gas permeable plug body; 8-supporting legs; 9-porous asphalt mixture; 10-semicircular marking of the first occlusion process; 11-semicircular marking of the second plugging process; 12-semicircular labeling of the third occlusion process; 13-semicircular marking of the fourth occlusion process; 14-clay particles; 15-sponge; 16-suspension.
Detailed Description
the method for testing the frost heaving resistance of the porous asphalt mixture after pore blockage is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The method for testing the frost heaving resistance of the porous asphalt mixture after pore blocking relates to the following links of first mixture pore blocking, second blocked mixture frost heaving and third frozen heaving performance evaluation. The blockage of the pores is realized by adopting the porous mixture pore-blocking device, the frost heaving of the mixture is realized by adopting low-temperature freezing, and the frost heaving resistance evaluation is completed by combining a common Kentunberg flying test in the field. The following illustrates and describes the above one by one.
(1) Porous mixture hole plugging device
A large number of existing researches show that the key particle size of dust particles blocking the pores is 0.15 ~ 0.3mm, and dry dust particles are difficult to enter the pores of the porous mixture to block the pores, and generally block the pores of the mixture under the driving action of water flow, so that a suspension of clay particles with the particle size of 0.15 ~ 0.3mm and clear water is prepared for pore blocking.
On the other hand, the process of plugging the pores of the asphalt mixture is shown, the pore plugging is a process that the pores are gradually plugged by dust for many times, and the pores can not be plugged by injecting the mixed suspension of the clay and the clear water into the mixture once.
therefore, the invention provides a hole plugging device shown in figure 1, which comprises a top cover 1, a cylindrical container 2 and a base 3, wherein the top cover 1 is a top cover 4 with the height of 80mm and the diameter of 130mm, a round opening with the height of 65mm and the inner diameter of 111.6mm is formed in the top cover 1, a thread 5 with the height of 20mm is arranged on the inner wall of the round opening from bottom to top, the top of the top cover 1 is provided with an opening, the diameter of the opening at the top of the top cover 1 is 90mm, the diameter of the top of the round opening in the top cover 1 is 80mm, two truncated cone-shaped silica gel plugs are matched with the opening and used for plugging the opening, one is a solid plug body 6, and the other is an air plug body 7.
as shown in figure 2, 4 supporting legs 8 with the same size are welded at equal parts of the outer wall 4 of the top cover 1, and the length of each supporting leg 8 is larger than 10mm, so that when the top cover 1 is horizontally and laterally placed, the supporting legs 8 can support the top cover 1.
The height of the cylindrical container 2 is 70mm, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the cylindrical container are 101.6mm and 111.6mm respectively, and threads are arranged on the outer wall of the cylindrical container within the range of 20mm from the top and 20mm from the bottom so as to be screwed and connected with the top cover 1 and the base 3 respectively.
The base 3 has the same construction as the cap 1 and is likewise provided with a solid silicone/6 and a through-hole silicone plug 7.
(2) Pore blocking method
The hole plugging device formed by the top cover 1, the cylindrical container 2 and the base 3 can realize the plugging of the pores of the porous mixture, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, forming a Marshall test piece of the asphalt mixture in a cylindrical container 2, sequentially screwing a top cover 1, the cylindrical container 2 and a base 3 through threads, horizontally placing the Marshall test piece, preparing a mixed suspension of 300g of 0.15 ~ 0.3mm dry clay particles and 400g of clear water, dividing the mixed suspension into two equal parts, respectively injecting the two equal parts into the top cover 1 and the base 3 at two ends of the cylindrical container, tightly covering a solid plug body 6, soaking the lower half part of the asphalt mixture in the suspension, and shaking a hole plugging device back and forth left and right to ensure that the clay particles in the injected suspension fully enter pores of the porous asphalt mixture, wherein the shaking frequency is set to be 100 times, the shaking process is 60 ~ 100s, and the solid rubber plug 6 is replaced by an air ~ permeable plug body 7 after shaking, and the through hole part is upward, as shown in figure 3;
a semicircular mark 10 for the first plugging process with a marker pen outside the cylindrical container identifies the upper half not soaked with the suspension, as shown in fig. 4; and (3) horizontally placing the hole plugging device formed by the top cover 1, the cylindrical container 2 and the base 3, the porous mixture test piece and the turbid liquid in the hole plugging device into a 150-DEG C oven, evaporating water in the turbid liquid through holes in the air-permeable plug body 7 in the drying process, and taking out the turbid liquid after 4 hours to finish the first plugging process.
Step two: the top cover 1 and the base 3 are unscrewed, and the cylindrical container 2 is tightly assembled after being cleaned. Turning over the 180 degree screwed-down top cover 1, cylindrical container 2 and base 3 until the semicircular mark 10 for the first plugging process made in step one is downward, and drawing a semicircular mark 11 for the second plugging process on the side wall of the cylindrical container 2 with a marker pen to mark the upward portion of the side wall. And (5) finishing the second blocking process by adopting the same method as the step one.
Step three: the top cover 1 and the base 3 are unscrewed, and the cylindrical container 2 is tightly assembled after being cleaned. And turning over the top cover 1, the cylindrical container 2 and the base 3 which are screwed by 90 degrees until the semicircular marks 10 of the first blocking process and the semicircular marks 11 of the second blocking process are arranged at the left side and the right side in the first step and the second step, and drawing the semicircular marks 12 of the third blocking process on the side wall of the cylindrical container 2 by using a marker pen to mark the part of the side wall facing upwards. And (5) completing the third blockage of the mixture pores by adopting the same method as the step one.
Step four: the top cover 1 and the base 3 are unscrewed, and the cylindrical container 2 is tightly assembled after being cleaned. The 180 degree screwed-down top cover 1, cylindrical container 2 and base 3 are turned over until the semicircular mark 12 for the third plugging process made in step three is downward, and a semicircular mark 13 for the fourth plugging process is drawn on the side wall of the cylindrical container 2 with a marker pen to mark the portion of the side wall that is upward. And (5) completing fourth blockage of the mixture pores by adopting the same method as the step one, and demolding the mixture test piece.
Therefore, through 3 times of overturning, the porous asphalt mixture is subjected to four times of plugging processes, and the porous mixture with the pores being plugged by the clay 14 is obtained.
(3) Freeze swelling method for hole plugging asphalt mixture
In the freezing process of the actual porous asphalt pavement, external moisture can enter the pores of the mixture, so that the dust particles in the pores are continuously supplied with moisture and water when being frozen, the volume expansion amount is large, and the pores or closed pores are subjected to large pore pressure after being blocked, so that frost heaving damage and damage are caused. In order to simulate the process, the sponge 15 with good water absorption and saturation functions is wrapped in the porous mixture with the pores blocked by the clay 14, so that external water vapor is provided for frost heaving of the mixture, in order to enable the sponge to have the good water absorption and saturation functions, the thickness of the sponge is preferably larger than 15mm, the mixture test piece wrapped with the sponge is completely immersed in clear water at 25 ℃, so that the clay in the sponge and the mixture is fully soaked and absorbs water, and the mixture is taken out after 2 hours. When the sponge is not wrung out, the sponge and the water are immediately put into a refrigerator at the temperature of 18 ℃ below zero for 5 hours, and the water absorbed in the sponge can migrate into the pores of the mixture in the process, so that the clay particles are frozen and have the volume expansion similar to the actual volume expansion of the road surface.
(4) Scatter test of porous mixture after frost heaving
The method adopts a Kentuckberg flying test commonly used in the field, and takes the change rate of the flying loss of the porous mixture before and after frost heaving as the frost heaving resistance evaluation index of the pore-plugging mixture. Taking out the frozen and expanded mixture test piece from the sponge, airing the test piece for 24 hours at room temperature, and weighing the test piece with the mass m0And carrying out a Kentabao flying test, and weighing the mass m of the test piece after flying1Obtaining the scattering loss S of the mixture after frost heaving1=(m0-m1)/m0×100%。
Carrying out Kentaburg scattering test on a porous asphalt mixture test piece without pore blockage and frost heaving to obtain the test pieceScattering loss S0. Change rate K of scattering loss before and after frost heavingd=(S1-S0)/S0And evaluating the frost heaving resistance of the porous mixture after pore blockage by multiplying 100%. In addition, K isdThe larger the size, the poorer the frost heaving resistance of the porous mixture after pore blockage, and when the frost resistance is poor, K isdAnd may even be greater than 100%.
Example (b):
The method for testing the frost heaving performance of the porous asphalt mixture under pore blockage is described by the following examples. The porous asphalt mixture to be evaluated in the examples was OGFC-13, and its gradation, asphalt amount BC, and void ratio VV are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 OGFC-13 used in the examples
1. preparation of asphalt mixture pore blocking device and pore blocking
The pore-clogging device of the present invention, which is composed of a top cap, a cylindrical vessel and a base, was prepared, and whether the top cap and the cylindrical vessel, and the cylindrical vessel and the base were screwed was checked.
Blending the loose asphalt mixture of OGFC-13 at a high temperature according to the table 1, forming a Marshall test piece of the OGFC-13 in the cylindrical container by adopting a Marshall compaction method, after the test piece is cooled, screwing two ends of the cylindrical container with the top cover and the base respectively, horizontally and laterally placing the cylindrical container, and drawing a semicircular mark on the side surface of the cylindrical container by using a marking pen.
preparing dry clay particles, screening to obtain 1200g of soil particles with the particle size of 0.15 ~ 0.3mm, equally dividing into 4 parts, mixing with 400g of clear water respectively, preparing to obtain 4 parts of turbid liquid with the mass of 700g, injecting one half of the turbid liquid of 1 part into a top cover horizontally placed on the side, injecting the other half of the turbid liquid into a base, plugging the turbid liquid into a solid plug body, shaking the pore blocking device back and forth within 60 ~ 100s for 100 times to enable the clay particles to fully enter pores of the mixture, replacing a solid rubber plug with a breathable plug body, keeping the pore blocking device horizontal, placing in an oven at 150 ℃ for 4 hours, taking out, and cooling.
The top cover and the base are unscrewed, and the cylindrical container is tightly assembled after being cleaned. The screwed-down cap, cylindrical container and base are inverted so that the half-circle shape of the marker indicia is not repeated each time. The pore blocking operation was repeated three more times. Thus, four clogs of the OGFC-13 pores are achieved.
Frost heaving and flying of OGFC-13
Demoulding the OGFC-13 Marshall test piece, completely coating the surface of the test piece with dry sponge, binding with a rubber band, completely immersing in clear water at 25 ℃, taking out after 2h, and immediately freezing in a refrigerator at-18 ℃ for 5 h. Taking out the test piece wrapped with the sponge from the refrigerator, placing the test piece in a room temperature condition, uncovering the sponge after ice in the sponge melts, taking out the OGFC-13 test piece, airing the test piece for 24 hours at the room temperature condition, and weighing the test piece with the mass m0=1145.2 g. Performing a Kentabao flying test, and weighing the mass m of a test piece after flying1=834.6g, scattering loss S of mixture after frost heaving1=(1145.2-834.6)/1145.2×100%=27.1%。
A Kentunberg scattering test was conducted on a test piece with an initial mass of 1023g OGFC-13 without clogging of pores or frost heaving, and the mass after scattering was 945.1g, to obtain a scattering loss S0= 1023-945.1)/1023 × 100% = 7.6%. Calculating the change rate K of the scattering loss before and after frost heavingdin the case of = (27.1-7.6)/7.6 × 100% =256.6%, the scattering loss difference of the mixture before and after frost heaving is large, which indicates that the OGFC-13 in this example has significant expansion pressure on the pore structure in the frost heaving process after pore blockage, and causes large frost heaving damage to the mixture.
It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and changes should be also considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A porous asphalt mixture pore blocking method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step S1, forming the Marshall test piece of the formed porous mixture into a horizontally placed cylindrical container, wherein two ends of the cylindrical container are opened, and a base and a top cover are respectively screwed on the two opened ends, the outer walls of the base and the top cover are equally divided and fixed with a plurality of supporting legs, and the base and the top cover are respectively provided with an opening;
step S2, mixing dry clay particles with the particle size of 0.15mm ~ 0.3mm and clean water into a suspension, dividing the prepared suspension into two parts with equal mass, injecting the two parts into the cylindrical container from the two openings of the base and the top cover respectively, sealing the two openings on the base and the top cover through the plug body after the injection is finished, and shaking the cylindrical container by external force to enable the clay particles in the suspension in the cylindrical container to fully enter the pores of the Marshall test piece of the porous mixture;
Step S3, the plug body is changed into a breathable plug body, the side of the breathable plug body, which is provided with the air holes, is placed in an oven upwards, and water in the suspension is evaporated from the cylindrical container through the air holes in the drying process until the liquid in the cylindrical container is completely dried;
and S4, unscrewing and cleaning the top cover and the base from the cylindrical container, reassembling the top cover and the base with the cylindrical container tightly, repeating the steps S2-S3 for 3 times, and obtaining the porous mixture test piece with the pores blocked by the clay.
2. the device for the pore blocking method of the porous asphalt mixture based on the claim 1 is characterized in that: the device comprises a cylindrical container, a top cover and a base, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the cylindrical container are opened, and the top cover and the base are respectively in threaded connection with the two opened ends of the cylindrical container;
The plug body is used for being matched and connected with the opening;
And the supporting legs with the same length are respectively arranged on the outer walls of the top cover and the base and are uniformly distributed along the outer walls of the top cover and the base.
3. the apparatus for the method of pore-plugging a porous asphalt mixture according to claim 1, wherein: the plug body and the air-permeable plug body are made of silica gel materials.
4. the apparatus for the method of pore-plugging a porous asphalt mixture according to claim 1, wherein: the plug body and the air-permeable plug body are both in a round platform shape.
5. The method for freezing and swelling the mixture after the pores of the mixture are blocked in the method for blocking the pores of the porous asphalt mixture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the periphery of a porous mixture test piece with the pores blocked by clay after demolding is completely wrapped and tightened by a water-absorbing material, and then is completely immersed in clear water, so that the water-absorbing material and the mixture test piece therein fully absorb water, and then the porous mixture test piece is taken out and immediately placed into a refrigerator at the temperature of-18 ℃ to finish the freezing and swelling process of the mixture.
6. the method for freezing and swelling the mixture after the pore of the mixture is blocked according to claim 5, wherein the water-absorbing material is sponge with a thickness of more than 15 mm.
7. The method for evaluating the frost heaving resistance of the mixture after plugging in the method for plugging the pores of a porous asphalt mixture according to claim 1, wherein the change rate K of the scattering loss is usedd=(S1-S0)/S0Evaluating the frost heaving resistance of the porous mixture after pore blockage by multiplying 100 percent, wherein S1Is the scattering loss of the mixture after the hole blockage is frozen and swelled, S0The mixture is scattered and lost without pore blockage and frost heaving processes.
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