CN107677488B - System for loading tested vehicle by adopting fixed loading device and traction power testing method - Google Patents
System for loading tested vehicle by adopting fixed loading device and traction power testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107677488B CN107677488B CN201710982774.2A CN201710982774A CN107677488B CN 107677488 B CN107677488 B CN 107677488B CN 201710982774 A CN201710982774 A CN 201710982774A CN 107677488 B CN107677488 B CN 107677488B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012345 traction test Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012372 quality testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L3/00—Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
- G01L3/24—Devices for determining the value of power, e.g. by measuring and simultaneously multiplying the values of torque and revolutions per unit of time, by multiplying the values of tractive or propulsive force and velocity
- G01L3/247—Devices for determining the value of power, e.g. by measuring and simultaneously multiplying the values of torque and revolutions per unit of time, by multiplying the values of tractive or propulsive force and velocity by measuring and simultaneously multiplying tractive or propulsive force and velocity
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- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a system for loading a tested vehicle by adopting a fixed loading device, which can effectively improve the accuracy, stability and safety of a traction test of the tested vehicle, reduce the labor intensity of test personnel, expand the application range of a new technology and enrich the test means of industry. The system for loading the tested vehicle by adopting the fixed loading device comprises a driving device, a driving device and a control device, wherein the driving device comprises a base, a plunger pump, a hydraulic station, a speed changing mechanism, a winch, a steel wire rope and a reversing motor, the plunger pump, the speed changing mechanism, the winch and the reversing motor are all arranged on the base, the hydraulic station is connected with the plunger pump, the output end of the plunger pump is connected with the speed changing mechanism, the speed changing mechanism and the reversing motor are simultaneously connected with the winch, and the winch is connected with the tested vehicle through the steel wire rope; and the vehicle state parameter measuring device is arranged on the tested vehicle and is used for collecting the tested vehicle state parameters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a test device, in particular to a system for loading a tested vehicle by adopting a fixed loading device and a traction power test method.
Background
In recent years, the agricultural mechanization of China achieves great results, and the agricultural machinery industry is greatly developed. Traction power testing is one of the important test items in the vehicle certification and quality testing process under test. The test can obtain important performance indexes such as maximum traction force, maximum traction power and the like of the tested vehicle. These indicators are critical to determining whether the measured vehicle quality is acceptable or meets design requirements.
Traction load loading system applications began at the end of the 20s of this century, but so far only a few countries of research institutions and production departments in the world developed various types of load loading equipment of different load classes according to different test requirements. Such as the first load vehicle of the vehicle laboratory under test in the Ubbelohda, which is modified by the Cliver1885 vehicle under test, the load vehicle developed by the agricultural machinery institute of Italy university, the load vehicle developed by the agricultural machinery testing station of German agricultural society, and the like, the earliest load vehicle in China is simply modified by a method of installing a test instrument on a vehicle slightly larger than the vehicle under test. Until recently, special loading vehicles used by different industries, such as FHC300 type 300kN multifunctional loading tractor modified by a heavy off-road vehicle chassis, loading vehicles modified by a large-scale bowing steering type tested vehicle of Oriental red-1854 type, and the like, of a farm machinery identification main station are developed in China in succession by related units.
The main characteristics of the load vehicle at home and abroad are summarized as follows:
1) The power measuring machine mainly adopts an air-cooling or water-cooling type electric vortex power measuring machine, a direct current power measuring machine, a hydraulic loading device, a fan, an engine exhaust brake and the like, and except the fan and the engine exhaust brake, the output power of the tested vehicle is emitted into the air in a thermal form through the controllable power measuring machine, so that the loading process of the tested vehicle is realized;
2) The chassis vehicles are all refitted by all-wheel drive vehicles or tested vehicles, and have self-running capability, but the refitted means and structures are different;
3) The testing parameters of the dynamometer are complete, but most of the dynamometer cannot realize continuous real-time measurement testing process, and the partial load vehicle has an automatic control function; the labor intensity in the test process is high, the test period is long, and the accuracy of the test result is low.
The traction power load loading device is a necessary means for developing the research and experimental evaluation of the traction performance of the ground vehicle, and plays an important role in the research and development and performance evaluation of the ground vehicle. Only a few countries internationally have developed traction loaders with a specific nature as loading devices according to different test requirements. The substitute equipment is adopted for a long time in China, and the defect of the substitute equipment is that: the test cost is high, the efficiency is low, the loading control is unstable, and the reliability of the result is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system for loading a tested vehicle by adopting a fixed loading device, which can effectively improve the accuracy, stability and safety of a traction test of the tested vehicle, reduce the labor intensity of test personnel, expand the application range of a new technology and enrich the test means of industry.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a system for loading a vehicle to be tested by a fixed loading device comprises
The driving device comprises a machine base, a plunger pump, a hydraulic station, a speed changing mechanism, a winch, a steel wire rope and a reversing motor, wherein the plunger pump, the speed changing mechanism, the winch and the reversing motor are all arranged on the machine base; and
the vehicle state parameter measuring device is arranged on the tested vehicle and is used for collecting the tested vehicle state parameters.
The above-mentioned system preferred scheme that adopts fixed loading device to load the vehicle under test, vehicle state parameter measuring device includes:
the traction force sensor is arranged at the joint of the steel wire rope and the tested vehicle and is used for measuring the traction force applied to the tested vehicle;
the wheel revolution sensor is arranged on the detected vehicle wheel and is used for measuring the revolution of the detected vehicle wheel;
the GPS speed sensor is arranged at the front end of the tested vehicle and is used for measuring the running speed and the running distance of the tested vehicle;
the fuel consumption sensor is arranged on the tested vehicle and is used for measuring the fuel consumption rate of the tested vehicle.
The hydraulic station comprises a hydraulic oil tank, a coarse filter, an auxiliary hydraulic pump, a fine filter, a one-way valve, a first electromagnetic reversing valve, an electrohydraulic proportional throttle valve, an oil-water cooler and a second electromagnetic reversing valve, wherein an outlet of the hydraulic oil tank is connected with the coarse filter, the coarse filter is connected with the fine filter through the auxiliary hydraulic pump, the fine filter is further connected with an inlet end of the one-way valve, an outlet end of the one-way valve is respectively connected with the first electromagnetic reversing valve and the second electromagnetic reversing valve, two interfaces of the plunger pump are connected with each other, and an outlet of the second electromagnetic reversing valve is sequentially communicated with the hydraulic oil tank through the throttle valve, the oil-water cooler and the hydraulic oil tank.
The system adopting the fixed loading device to load the tested vehicle preferably comprises a control system, and the control system further comprises a vehicle-mounted data processing terminal, a wireless transmitting module, a wireless receiving module and a main control computer, wherein the vehicle-mounted data processing terminal is used for receiving and processing data acquired by the vehicle state parameter measuring device, the wireless transmitting module is used for transmitting the processed data to the wireless receiving module, and the main control computer is communicated with the vehicle-mounted data processing terminal.
A traction power test method by using a system for loading a tested vehicle by a fixed loading device comprises the following steps:
1) The preparation process comprises running the vehicle under test at a speed of 3.5km/h for 20m without traction load, obtaining the running speed and distance of the vehicle by GPS speed sensor 12, obtaining the number of turns of left and right wheels of the vehicle by wheel revolution sensor 10、/>Obtaining the power radius index of the tested vehicle>；
2) The tested vehicle is tested by using a control system to steplessly regulate the output power of a plunger pump, applying forward traction resistance and speed to a tested tractor through a speed change mechanism, a winch and a steel wire rope, obtaining fuel g consumed in the test process of the tested vehicle by using a fuel consumption sensor, and obtaining the traction force of the tested vehicle by using a traction sensorObtaining the running speed of the vehicle under test from the GPS speed sensor 12>Distance travelled->The number of turns of left and right wheels of the tested vehicle is obtained by the wheel revolution sensor 10>、/>The slip rate of the detected vehicleTraction power of tested vehicle>；
3) When the tested tractor completes a testing stroke, a tester switches stations of a first electromagnetic reversing valve and a second electromagnetic reversing valve in the hydraulic system by a control system, the plunger pump is reversely connected, and the tested vehicle is pulled back to a starting position by the reversing motor to start the next testing stroke.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention can more conveniently, rapidly and accurately complete the test of the traction power of the tested vehicle; according to the test scheme, the computer can be used for remotely monitoring the test data of the tested vehicle in real time, accurate, stable and continuously adjustable traction resistance is applied to the tested vehicle according to the test data, the test process is accurate in loading, convenient to operate and high in automation degree, and the safety of the test is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the hydraulic station.
Reference numerals in the drawings: 1. the hydraulic oil pump comprises a base, 2, a plunger pump, 3, a hydraulic station, 4, a speed change mechanism, 5, a winch, 6, a main control computer, 7, a wireless receiving module, 8, a steel wire rope, 9, a traction force sensor, 10, a wheel revolution sensor, 11, a fuel consumption sensor, 12, a GPS speed sensor, 13, a wireless transmitting module, 14, a vehicle-mounted data processing terminal, 15, a reversing motor, 16, a hydraulic oil tank, 17, a coarse filter, 18, an auxiliary hydraulic pump, 19, a fine filter, 20, a one-way valve, 21, a second electromagnetic reversing valve, 22, an overflow valve, 23, an electrohydraulic proportional throttle valve, 24, an oil-water cooler, 25 and a first electromagnetic reversing valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail below by referring to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A system for loading a vehicle to be tested by adopting a fixed loading device comprises a driving device, a vehicle state parameter measuring device and a control system.
The driving device is used for applying forward resistance and reverse tension to a vehicle to be tested and comprises a machine base 1, a plunger pump 2, a hydraulic station 3, a speed changing mechanism 4, a winch 5, a steel wire rope 8 and a reversing motor 15, wherein the plunger pump 2, the speed changing mechanism 4, the winch 5 and the reversing motor 15 are all arranged on the machine base 1, the hydraulic station 3 is connected with the plunger pump 2, the output end of the plunger pump 2 is connected with the speed changing mechanism 4, the speed changing mechanism 4 and the reversing motor 15 are simultaneously connected with the winch 5, and the winch 5 is connected with the vehicle to be tested through the steel wire rope 8;
the vehicle state parameter measuring device is used for collecting the measured vehicle state parameters, and comprises: the traction sensor 9 is arranged at the joint of the steel wire rope 8 and the tested vehicle and is used for measuring the traction applied to the tested vehicle; a wheel rotation number sensor 10 provided on a vehicle wheel to be measured for measuring the number of rotations of the vehicle wheel to be measured; a GPS speed sensor 12 provided at the front end of the vehicle to be measured for measuring the traveling speed and the traveling distance of the vehicle to be measured; the fuel consumption sensor 11 is provided in the vehicle under test and measures the fuel consumption rate of the vehicle under test.
The hydraulic station 3 comprises a hydraulic oil tank 16, a coarse filter 17, an auxiliary hydraulic pump 18, a fine filter 19, a one-way valve 20, a first electromagnetic reversing valve, an electrohydraulic proportional throttle valve 23, an oil-water cooler 24 and a second electromagnetic reversing valve, wherein an outlet of the hydraulic oil tank 16 is connected with the coarse filter 17, the coarse filter 17 is connected with the fine filter through the auxiliary hydraulic pump 18, the fine filter is also connected with an inlet end of the one-way valve 20, an outlet end of the one-way valve 20 is respectively connected with two interfaces of the first electromagnetic reversing valve and the second electromagnetic reversing valve, and an outlet of the second electromagnetic reversing valve is sequentially communicated with the hydraulic oil tank 16 through the throttle valve, the oil-water cooler 24.
The control system comprises a vehicle-mounted data processing terminal 14, a wireless transmitting module 13, a wireless receiving module 7 and a main control computer 6, wherein the vehicle-mounted data processing terminal 14 is used for receiving and processing data acquired by the vehicle state parameter measuring device, the wireless transmitting module 13 is used for transmitting the processed data to the wireless receiving module 7, and the main control computer 6 is communicated with the vehicle-mounted data processing terminal 14.
A traction power test method by using a system for loading a tested vehicle by a fixed loading device comprises the following steps:
1) The preparation process comprises the following steps:
a. mounting a vehicle state parameter measuring device, a vehicle-mounted data processing terminal 14 and a wireless transmitting module 13 on a tested vehicle;
b. under the condition of no traction load, the tested vehicle runs for 20m at a speed of 3.5km/h, the running speed and the running distance of the tested vehicle are obtained by the GPS speed sensor 12, and the number of turns of left and right wheels of the tested vehicle are respectively obtained by the wheel revolution sensor 10、/>Obtaining the power radius index of the tested vehicle>Hanging the steel wire rope 8 on a traction sensor 9 of a tested vehicle;
2) Testing the tested vehicle:
the tested vehicle is tested by using a control system to steplessly set the output power of a plunger pump 2, applying forward traction resistance and speed to a tested tractor through a speed change mechanism 4, a winch 5 and a steel wire rope 8, using a main control computer 6 to monitor the tested vehicle state parameters in real time by a tester in the control room, and controlling the output displacement q and the output pressure p of the plunger pump 2 in the winch 5 system in real time, wherein the control process can use the traction resistance as an objective function or the slip rate of the tested vehicle as an objective function, applying stable and continuously adjustable traction resistance and speed to the tested vehicle, using the main control computer 6 to monitor the tested vehicle state parameters in real time by the tester in the control room, and controlling the output displacement q and the output pressure p of the plunger pump 2 in the winch 5 system in real time, wherein the control process can use the traction resistance as an objective function or the slip rate of the tested vehicle as an objective function, applying stable and continuously adjustable traction resistance and speed to the tested vehicle in real time, and recording the traction resistance and the slip rate of the tested vehicle in a linear running distance of at least 20m or a distance of 20s (one of the two, the traction rate and the slip rate and the traction rate in a long time are recorded, the two time is measured)Fuel consumption and environmental conditions until slip rate meets test requirements specified by a standard, wherein fuel consumption sensor 11 obtains fuel consumed during a test of a vehicle under testThe traction force of the tested vehicle is obtained by the traction force sensor 9 +.>Obtaining the running speed of the vehicle under test from the GPS speed sensor 12>Distance travelled->The number of turns of left and right wheels of the tested vehicle is obtained by the wheel revolution sensor 10>、/>The slip rate of the detected vehicle is +.>Traction power of tested vehicle；
3) When the tested tractor completes a testing stroke, a tester switches stations of a first electromagnetic reversing valve and a second electromagnetic reversing valve in the hydraulic system by a control system, the plunger pump 2 is reversely connected, and the tested vehicle is pulled back to a starting position by the reversing motor 15 to start the next testing stroke.
In the steps, the traction force of the tested vehicle is used as an objective function, the output displacement q and the output pressure p of the plunger pump 2 are regulated, the traction force of each test period is controlled, and the traction force is increased in sequence until the slip rate is close to but not more than 15%; the slip rate of each test period is controlled by adjusting the output displacement q and the output pressure p of the plunger pump 2 by using the slip rate of the tested vehicle as an objective function, so that the slip rate of each test period is increased in turn until the slip rate approaches but does not exceed 15%.
The above embodiments are merely specific examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the invention in any way, and any person skilled in the art may make modifications or alterations to the equivalent embodiments using the technical disclosure described above. Any simple modification, equivalent variation and variation of the above embodiments according to the technical principles of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the technical principles of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A traction power testing method for loading a tested vehicle by adopting a fixed loading device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the driving device comprises a machine base, a plunger pump, a hydraulic station, a speed changing mechanism, a winch, a steel wire rope and a reversing motor, wherein the plunger pump, the speed changing mechanism, the winch and the reversing motor are all arranged on the machine base; and
the vehicle state parameter measuring device is arranged on the vehicle to be measured and is used for collecting the state parameters of the vehicle to be measured; the vehicle state parameter measurement device includes:
the traction force sensor is arranged at the joint of the steel wire rope and the tested vehicle and is used for measuring the traction force applied to the tested vehicle;
the wheel revolution sensor is arranged on the detected vehicle wheel and is used for measuring the revolution of the detected vehicle wheel;
the GPS speed sensor is arranged at the front end of the tested vehicle and is used for measuring the running speed and the running distance of the tested vehicle;
the fuel consumption sensor is arranged on the tested vehicle and is used for measuring the fuel consumption rate of the tested vehicle;
the hydraulic station comprises a hydraulic oil tank, a coarse filter, an auxiliary hydraulic pump, a fine filter, a one-way valve, a first electromagnetic directional valve, an electrohydraulic proportional throttle valve, an oil-water cooler and a second electromagnetic directional valve, wherein the outlet of the hydraulic oil tank is connected with the coarse filter, the coarse filter is connected with the fine filter through the auxiliary hydraulic pump, the fine filter is also connected with the inlet end of the one-way valve, the outlet end of the one-way valve is respectively connected with the first electromagnetic directional valve and the second electromagnetic directional valve and is connected with two interfaces of the plunger pump, and the outlet of the second electromagnetic directional valve is sequentially communicated with the hydraulic oil tank through the throttle valve, the oil-water cooler and the hydraulic oil tank;
the traction power testing method comprises the following steps:
1) The preparation process comprises running the tested vehicle at a speed of 3.5km/h for 20m without traction load, obtaining the running speed and running distance of the tested vehicle by GPS speed sensor, and obtaining the number of turns of left and right wheels of the tested vehicle by wheel revolution sensor、/>Obtaining the power radius index of the tested vehicle>；
2) The tested vehicle is tested by using a control system to steplessly regulate the output power of a plunger pump, applying forward traction resistance and speed to a tested tractor through a speed change mechanism, a winch and a steel wire rope, obtaining fuel oil g consumed in the test process of the tested vehicle by using a fuel consumption sensor, obtaining traction force F of the tested vehicle by using a traction sensor, obtaining running speed v and running distance s of the tested vehicle by using a GPS speed sensor, obtaining the number of turns nx and ny of left and right wheels of the tested vehicle by using a wheel revolution sensor respectively, and obtaining the slip rate of the tested vehicleTested vehicle traction power w= Fgv;
3) When the tested tractor completes a testing stroke, a tester switches stations of a first electromagnetic reversing valve and a second electromagnetic reversing valve in the hydraulic system by a control system, the plunger pump is reversely connected, and the tested vehicle is pulled back to the starting position by the reversing motor to start the next testing stroke.
2. The traction power testing method according to claim 1, further comprising a control system including a vehicle-mounted data processing terminal, a wireless transmitting module, a wireless receiving module and a master control computer, wherein the vehicle-mounted data processing terminal is used for receiving and processing data collected by the vehicle state parameter measuring device, the wireless transmitting module is used for transmitting the processed data to the wireless receiving module, and the master control computer is in communication with the vehicle-mounted data processing terminal.
3. The traction power test method of claim 1, wherein the measured vehicle slip ratio is 7-15%.
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| CN113933058A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2022-01-14 | 北京福田康明斯发动机有限公司 | Method for testing exhaust pressure when exhaust brake is started |
| CN112857824A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-28 | 长安大学 | Engineering machine tool traction performance test bench |
| CN112857649A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-05-28 | 洛阳西苑车辆与动力检验所有限公司 | Full-hanging type traction performance testing system and testing method thereof |
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