CN107675321B - 一种充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及充电桩技术领域,特别是涉及一种充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布及其制备方法。采用半结晶型软链段聚氨酯脲弹性体、石墨烯,作为智能形变材料,其在低应力条件下,具有良好的柔性,而在高应力条件下则具有高抗形变性能,在电缆充电拖动时,该纺织布用于充电桩电缆线,强度高,柔软性好,在较低应力(缓慢拽拉)下具有良好的形变特性,可以很好的拽动线缆充电;而在高应力作用下(如快速拉伸、汽车碾压)则抗形变,能够很好的保护电缆被碾压或强冲击损伤。为充电桩电缆的提供了智能保护,延长电缆的使用寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及充电桩技术领域,特别是涉及一种充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着新能源汽车的快速发展,充电成为急需解决的问题。由于汽车动力电池的特殊性,对充电桩具有极高的要求。特别是对于充点电缆,要求其具有耐碾压、耐高低温、耐水、抗卷绕、安全等性能。而现有充电桩的电缆,因受收电线特性的影响,还难以达到像加油枪一样高频率弯曲拽拉。尽管,目前采用各类增强材料材料提升电缆的抗弯曲性,但显然,在抗弯曲性提高的同时,给使用者的移动使用带来了困难。
中国实用新型专利授权公告号 CN201104311Y 推荐的风能电缆 由铜导体缆芯、设在铜导体缆芯外的聚氯乙烯绝缘层和位于聚氯乙烯绝缘层外的聚氨酯护套构成,该专利是通过最外层的聚氨酯护套来改善电缆的抗扭曲、抗弯折和抗拉强度的。这种结构的电缆由于导体缆芯是与聚氨酯护套处不同的层间,因此导体缆芯的整体抗扭曲、抗弯折及抗拉强度并不能表现出令人满意的程度,尤其是处于最外层的聚氨酯护套的耐候 性及耐化学腐蚀性较为脆弱。授权公告号 CN201237930Y 提供的新型风能发电专用电缆的层次结构依次为导体、绝缘层、加强层和护套,并且加强层采用芳纶纤维复合材料编织形成,该专利结构相对于CN201104311Y 的耐扭转性有显著提高,但是客观上存在制造麻烦的缺憾。CN201237932Y 给出的新型风力发电机用电缆包括线芯、包裹在线芯外的绝缘层以及包裹在绝缘层或缆芯外的护套,并且将线芯由高强度纤维与多股镀锡细铜线束绞形成, 以及线芯在护套内为多根并列绞合设置,每根线芯外各自包裹绝缘层,该电缆的诸如抗扭曲、抗拉强度又比CN201237930Y 提高了一个层次,但是由于需要将各个多股镀锡细铜与高强度纤维束绞,因此制造工艺复杂。
目前,传统的电缆没有双层编织结构,在民用、工业、矿山、建筑等的环境中使用时,柔韧性差,整体抗张强度低,不适合大跨度和往复性移动,且笨重。 传统的电缆护套生产技术工艺存在以下问题: 1)编织加工工艺落后,没有设计高强度纤维丝编织层;2)传统电缆护套柔韧性差,抗张强度差,弯曲性能差,不适合大跨度和往复性移动,且笨重;3)传统电缆护套单位长度耗材大,成本高,性价比低,工艺技术落后,浪费劳动力;4)浪费国家资源和社会劳动力。
随着新能源汽车的快速发展,对于这种既要柔软又要抗拉的高强度柔软充电桩电缆提出了迫切要求。
发明内容
针对现有新能源汽车充电桩电缆增强抗弯曲性后难以移动弯折充电、降低抗弯曲性易造成电线芯折断的缺陷。为解决上述问题,提供了一种充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布及其制备方法。
本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布,由以下重量份的原料制成:半结晶型软链段聚氨酯脲弹性体15-25份、石墨烯20-35份、聚乙二醇10-18份、芳纶纤维70-90份、粘结剂1-3份。
优选的,所述粘结剂为醋酸乙烯基聚合物乳胶粘结剂。
优选的,所述含半结晶型软链段的聚氨酯脲弹性体为其分子量在2000-6000之间的具有半结晶性能的端羟基聚酯。
一种充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将石墨烯与聚乙二醇混合,超声分散8-15min,制得石墨烯分散液;
S2、将半结晶型软链段聚氨酯脲弹性体加入石墨烯分散液中,超声分散10-20min,制得悬浮液;
S3、将芳纶纤维浸泡到去离子水中,超声10-20min,取出,加入粘结剂,搅拌均匀,真空60-80℃下干燥,得到干燥的芳纶纤维,备用;
S4、用步骤S2制备的悬浮液浸泡步骤S3制备的干燥的芳纶纤维,待凝固后捻制纺线,纺织加工成纺织布,得到充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布。
优选的,步骤S1、步骤S2、步骤S3所述超声分散的条件均为:超声功率为400-600W,频率为15-25KHz。
本发明一种充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布及其制备方法,与现有技术相比,其突出的特点和优异的效果在于:
1、本发明一种充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布,采用半结晶型软链段聚氨酯脲弹性体、石墨烯,作为智能形变材料,其在低应力条件下,具有良好的柔性,而在高应力条件下则具有高抗形变性能,在电缆充电拖动时,该纺织布用于充电桩电缆线,强度高,柔软性好,在较低应力(缓慢拽拉)下具有良好的形变特性,可以很好的拽动线缆充电;而在高应力作用下(如快速拉伸、汽车碾压)则抗形变,能够很好的保护电缆被碾压或强冲击损伤。为充电桩电缆的提供了智能保护,延长电缆的使用寿命。
2、本发明一种充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布,在充电状态(通电)下,该纺织布在热电条件下表现出良好的抗形变特性,避免通电状态下被碾压、拽拉时电缆断裂漏电,保证的了充电时的安全。
3、本发明一种充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布的制备工艺简单,易于控制,适合批量规模化生产。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明,但不应将此理解为本发明的范围仅限于以下的实例。在不脱离本发明上述方法思想的情况下,根据本领域普通技术知识和惯用手段做出的各种替换或变更,均应包含在本发明的范围内。
实施例1
本实施例充电桩电缆专用高强度柔软纺织布由以下重量份的原料制成:半结晶型软链段聚氨酯脲弹性体15份、石墨烯20份、聚乙二醇10份、芳纶纤维70份、粘结剂1份;
其中,粘结剂为醋酸乙烯基聚合物乳胶粘结剂;含半结晶型软链段的聚氨酯脲弹性体为其分子量在2000-6000之间的具有半结晶性能的端羟基聚酯;
本实施例充电桩电缆专用高强度柔软纺织布的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将石墨烯与聚乙二醇混合,超声分散8min,制得石墨烯分散液;
S2、将半结晶型软链段聚氨酯脲弹性体加入石墨烯分散液中,超声分散10min,制得悬浮液;
S3、将芳纶纤维浸泡到去离子水中,超声10min,取出,加入粘结剂,搅拌均匀,真空60℃下干燥,得到干燥的芳纶纤维,备用;
S4、用步骤S2制备的悬浮液浸泡步骤S3制备的干燥的芳纶纤维,待凝固后捻制纺线,纺织加工成纺织布,即可得到充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布。
其中,步骤S1、步骤S2、步骤S3所述超声分散的条件均为:超声功率为400W,频率为15KHz。
实施例2
本实施例充电桩电缆专用高强度柔软纺织布由以下重量份的原料制成:半结晶型软链段聚氨酯脲弹性体25份、石墨烯35份、聚乙二醇18份、芳纶纤维90份、粘结剂3份;
其中,粘结剂为醋酸乙烯基聚合物乳胶粘结剂;含半结晶型软链段的聚氨酯脲弹性体为其分子量在2000-6000之间的具有半结晶性能的端羟基聚醚;
本实施例充电桩电缆专用高强度柔软纺织布的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将石墨烯与聚乙二醇混合,超声分散15min,制得石墨烯分散液;
S2、将半结晶型软链段聚氨酯脲弹性体加入石墨烯分散液中,超声分散20min,制得悬浮液;
S3、将芳纶纤维浸泡到去离子水中,超声20min,取出,加入粘结剂,搅拌均匀,真空80℃下干燥,得到干燥的芳纶纤维,备用;
S4、用步骤S2制备的悬浮液浸泡步骤S3制备的干燥的芳纶纤维,待凝固后捻制纺线,纺织加工成纺织布,即可得到充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布。
其中,步骤S1、步骤S2、步骤S3所述超声分散的条件均为:超声功率为600W,频率为25KHz。
实施例3
本实施例充电桩电缆专用高强度柔软纺织布由以下重量份的原料制成:半结晶型软链段聚氨酯脲弹性体20份、石墨烯28份、聚乙二醇14份、芳纶纤维80份、粘结剂2份;
其中,粘结剂为醋酸乙烯基聚合物乳胶粘结剂;含半结晶型软链段的聚氨酯脲弹性体为其分子量在2000-6000之间的具有半结晶性能的端羟基聚酯;
本实施例充电桩电缆专用高强度柔软纺织布的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将石墨烯与聚乙二醇混合,超声分散11min,制得石墨烯分散液;
S2、将半结晶型软链段聚氨酯脲弹性体加入石墨烯分散液中,超声分散15min,制得悬浮液;
S3、将芳纶纤维浸泡到去离子水中,超声15min,取出,加入粘结剂,搅拌均匀,真空70℃下干燥,得到干燥的芳纶纤维,备用;
S4、用步骤S2制备的悬浮液浸泡步骤S3制备的干燥的芳纶纤维,待凝固后捻制纺线,纺织加工成纺织布,即可得到充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布。
其中,步骤S1、步骤S2、步骤S3所述超声分散的条件均为:超声功率为500W,频率为20KHz。
实施例4
本实施例充电桩电缆专用高强度柔软纺织布由以下重量份的原料制成:半结晶型软链段聚氨酯脲弹性体17份、石墨烯24份、聚乙二醇12份、芳纶纤维75份、粘结剂1.5份;
其中,粘结剂为醋酸乙烯基聚合物乳胶粘结剂;含半结晶型软链段的聚氨酯脲弹性体为其分子量在2000-6000之间的具有半结晶性能的端羟基聚醚;
本实施例充电桩电缆专用高强度柔软纺织布的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将石墨烯与聚乙二醇混合,超声分散10min,制得石墨烯分散液;
S2、将半结晶型软链段聚氨酯脲弹性体加入石墨烯分散液中,超声分散13min,制得悬浮液;
S3、将芳纶纤维浸泡到去离子水中,超声112min,取出,加入粘结剂,搅拌均匀,真空65℃下干燥,得到干燥的芳纶纤维,备用;
S4、用步骤S2制备的悬浮液浸泡步骤S3制备的干燥的芳纶纤维,待凝固后捻制纺线,纺织加工成纺织布,即可得到充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布。
其中,步骤S1、步骤S2、步骤S3所述超声分散的条件均为:超声功率为450W,频率为17KHz。
实施例5
本实施例充电桩电缆专用高强度柔软纺织布由以下重量份的原料制成:半结晶型软链段聚氨酯脲弹性体22份、石墨烯31份、聚乙二醇16份、芳纶纤维85份、粘结剂2.5份;
其中,粘结剂为醋酸乙烯基聚合物乳胶粘结剂;含半结晶型软链段的聚氨酯脲弹性体为其分子量在2000-6000之间的具有半结晶性能的端羟基聚醚;
本实施例充电桩电缆专用高强度柔软纺织布的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将石墨烯与聚乙二醇混合,超声分散13min,制得石墨烯分散液;
S2、将半结晶型软链段聚氨酯脲弹性体加入石墨烯分散液中,超声分散18min,制得悬浮液;
S3、将芳纶纤维浸泡到去离子水中,超声17min,取出,加入粘结剂,搅拌均匀,真空75℃下干燥,得到干燥的芳纶纤维,备用;
S4、用步骤S2制备的悬浮液浸泡步骤S3制备的干燥的芳纶纤维,待凝固后捻制纺线,纺织加工成纺织布,即可得到充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布。
其中,步骤S1、步骤S2、步骤S3所述超声分散的条件均为:超声功率为550W,频率为23KHz。
实施例6
本实施例充电桩电缆专用高强度柔软纺织布由以下重量份的原料制成:半结晶型软链段聚氨酯脲弹性体21份、石墨烯26份、聚乙二醇17份、芳纶纤维87份、粘结剂2份;
其中,粘结剂为醋酸乙烯基聚合物乳胶粘结剂;含半结晶型软链段的聚氨酯脲弹性体为其分子量在2000-6000之间的具有半结晶性能的端羟基聚酯;
本实施例充电桩电缆专用高强度柔软纺织布的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将石墨烯与聚乙二醇混合,超声分散9min,制得石墨烯分散液;
S2、将半结晶型软链段聚氨酯脲弹性体加入石墨烯分散液中,超声分散16min,制得悬浮液;
S3、将芳纶纤维浸泡到去离子水中,超声14min,取出,加入粘结剂,搅拌均匀,真空72℃下干燥,得到干燥的芳纶纤维,备用;
S4、用步骤S2制备的悬浮液浸泡步骤S3制备的干燥的芳纶纤维,待凝固后捻制纺线,纺织加工成纺织布,即可得到充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布。
其中,步骤S1、步骤S2、步骤S3所述超声分散的条件均为:超声功率为500W,频率为20KHz。
对比样1
S1、将芳纶纤维浸泡到去离子水中,超声14min,取出,加入粘结剂,搅拌均匀,真空72℃下干燥,得到干燥的芳纶纤维,备用;
S2、将芳纶纤维捻制纺线,纺织加工成纺织布,即可得到纺织布。
实验对比:
将实施例6得到的纺织布与对比例1得到的纺织布包覆于同批次电缆线的最外层进行拽拉、碾压试验。测试条件和性能如表1。
表1:
通过上述实验验证,本发明智能形变纺织布在受到外界快速冲击时,具有智能抗形变能力,而在低速冲击时具有一定的柔性,这一特性在用于充电桩电缆线时,在缓慢拽拉时,柔软性好,可以很好的拽动线缆充电;而在如快速拉伸、汽车碾压时则抗形变,能够很好的保护电缆被碾压或强冲击损伤。
需要说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布的制备方法,所述智能形变纺织布由以下重量份的原料制成:半结晶型软链段聚氨酯脲弹性体15-25份、石墨烯20-35份、聚乙二醇10-18份、芳纶纤维70-90份、粘结剂1-3份;
所述智能形变纺织布的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将石墨烯与聚乙二醇混合,超声分散8-15min,制得石墨烯分散液;
S2、将半结晶型软链段聚氨酯脲弹性体加入石墨烯分散液中,超声分散10-20min,制得悬浮液;
S3、将芳纶纤维浸泡到去离子水中,超声10-20min,取出,加入粘结剂,搅拌均匀,真空60-80℃下干燥,得到干燥的芳纶纤维,备用;
S4、用步骤S2制备的悬浮液浸泡步骤S3制备的干燥的芳纶纤维,待凝固后捻制纺线,纺织加工成纺织布,得到充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布的制备方法,其特征在于:所述粘结剂为醋酸乙烯基聚合物乳胶粘结剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布的制备方法,其特征在于:所述含半结晶型软链段的聚氨酯脲弹性体为其分子量在2000-6000之间的具有半结晶性能的端羟基聚酯。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种充电桩电缆专用智能形变纺织布的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S1、步骤S2、步骤S3所述超声分散的条件均为:超声功率为400-600W,频率为15-25KHz。
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