CN107675124A - 一种钢件表面处理的方法 - Google Patents

一种钢件表面处理的方法 Download PDF

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CN107675124A
CN107675124A CN201710896719.1A CN201710896719A CN107675124A CN 107675124 A CN107675124 A CN 107675124A CN 201710896719 A CN201710896719 A CN 201710896719A CN 107675124 A CN107675124 A CN 107675124A
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steel
sample
piece surface
surface processing
steel piece
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贾守华
陈善辉
罗锋
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Southeast Xuzhou Steel And Iron Industry Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/02Pretreatment of the material to be coated

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种钢件表面处理的方法,包括如下步骤:截取尺寸10*10*5mm的钢材试样作为基材,选用块状纯铝作为源极材料;将钢材试样经过多道次砂纸打磨、机械抛光后,再依次清洗、烘干后;用双层辉光等离子渗金属真空炉进行渗铝处理,用不锈钢圆筒作为辅助阴极,将基材和块状纯铝置于辅助阴极内,开始表面处理,处理后试样随炉冷却至室温。本发明操作简单,实施过程环保无污染,工艺易于控制,渗层质量好,表面主要成分为NiAl和Ni3Al,提升了渗层和基体间的结合力;在不锈钢表面形成较完整致密的铝表面层,从而可以有效抗腐蚀。表面形成氧化膜后,可以有效阻止氧原子的进一步渗入,整体表面性能稳定。

Description

一种钢件表面处理的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种钢件表面处理的方法,属于金属加工领域。
背景技术
不锈钢由于其优异的性能,已经在生产生活的各个方面得到了广泛应用。可以通过多种方法获得不锈钢成品。在粉末冶金中,不锈钢粉末通过高温烧结致密化而最终得到产品,其中真空烧结就是一个很常用的方法。但是在真空烧结中,不锈钢中防锈的Cr元素会挥发,从而影响不锈钢产品的性能。因此,可以考虑在不锈钢表面施加防护涂层用来增加其耐腐蚀性,然而,实践证明防护涂层与不锈钢基体之间很容易脱裂,因而如何提升不锈钢表面的耐腐蚀能力是当务之急。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术存在的问题,本发明的目的是提供一种可操作性强的钢件表面处理的方法,可以提升处理后钢材的表面耐腐蚀性能。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种钢件表面处理的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)截取尺寸10*10*5mm的钢材试样作为基材,选用块状纯铝作为源极材料;
(2)将钢材试样经过多道次砂纸打磨、打磨后用0.5μm的金刚石喷雾抛光剂进行机械抛光,再依次在丙酮、酒精、去离子水中超声清洗10min,烘干后,封装待用;
(3)用双层辉光等离子渗金属真空炉进行渗铝处理,用不锈钢圆筒作为辅助阴极,将基材和块状纯铝置于辅助阴极内;
(4)开始表面处理:工艺参数为频率55-60Hz,极间距15-20mm,保温温度800-900℃,保温时间2-3h,源极电压400-600V,阴极电压250-350V,处理后试样随炉冷却至室温。
作为本发明优选的技术方案,所述源极材料采用的块状纯铝为99.9wt%的铝锭。
作为本发明优选的技术方案,所述钢材试样为AISI316不锈钢。
作为本发明优选的技术方案,所述步骤(4)的工艺参数为频率55Hz,极间距15mm,保温温度800℃,保温时间2h。
作为本发明优选的技术方案,所述步骤(4)的源极电压500V,阴极电压300V。
本发明操作简单,实施过程环保无污染,工艺易于控制,渗层质量好,表面主要成分为NiAl和Ni3Al,提升了渗层和基体间的结合力;随时间进行在不锈钢表面可以形成较完整致密的防腐氧化铝表面层,从而可以有效抗腐蚀。表面形成氧化膜后,可以有效阻止氧原子的进一步渗入,整体表面性能稳定。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例1
一种钢件表面处理的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)截取尺寸10*10*5mm的钢材试样作为基材,选用块状纯铝作为源极材料;
(2)将钢材试样经过多道次砂纸打磨、打磨后用0.5μm的金刚石喷雾抛光剂进行机械抛光,再依次在丙酮、酒精、去离子水中超声清洗10min,烘干后,封装待用;
(3)用双层辉光等离子渗金属真空炉进行渗铝处理,用不锈钢圆筒作为辅助阴极,将基材和块状纯铝置于辅助阴极内;
(4)开始表面处理:工艺参数为频率55Hz,极间距15mm,保温温度800℃,保温时间2h,源极电压400V,阴极电压250V,处理后试样随炉冷却至室温。
采用X射线衍射仪分析渗铝层相结构,用能谱仪分析试样表面及截面元素分布,采用电子天平(精度为0.1mg)测定渗铝钢的氧化增重量。
检测结果显示,渗层与基体形成了良好的冶金结合,表面Al的质量分数为25.60%;物相分析显示,渗层的主要相成分为NiAl和Ni3Al,铝在Fe基体中的溶解度很小,且铝和镍的亲和力比铝和铁的亲和力大,因此优先形成镍铝合金,镍铝合金提升了渗层和基体间的结合力。
在600℃对试样进行氧化2h,氧化后EDS分析后,可以看出表面层主要是Al、O元素,且表面Al与O的原子比约为0.641,接近Al2O3中原子的理论比,由此可以推测,试样经氧化处理后的表面主要成分为Al2O3。这从另一个方面反映出,本发明可在不锈钢表面形成较完整致密的铝表面层,从而可以有效抗腐蚀。
将试样在600℃进一步氧化4h、6h,发现增重现象不明显,说明表面形成氧化膜后,可以有效阻止氧原子的进一步渗入,整体表面性能稳定。
实施例2
钢件表面处理的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)截取尺寸10*10*5mm的钢材试样作为基材,选用块状纯铝作为源极材料;
(2)将钢材试样经过多道次砂纸打磨、打磨后用0.5μm的金刚石喷雾抛光剂进行机械抛光,再依次在丙酮、酒精、去离子水中超声清洗10min,烘干后,封装待用;
(3)用双层辉光等离子渗金属真空炉进行渗铝处理,用不锈钢圆筒作为辅助阴极,将基材和块状纯铝置于辅助阴极内;
(4)开始表面处理:工艺参数为频率60Hz,极间距20mm,保温温度900℃,保温时间3h,源极电压600V,阴极电压350V,处理后试样随炉冷却至室温。
经测量,其性能与实施例1的样品性能一致。
实施例3
钢件表面处理的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)截取尺寸10*10*5mm的钢材试样作为基材,选用块状纯铝作为源极材料;
(2)将钢材试样经过多道次砂纸打磨、打磨后用0.5μm的金刚石喷雾抛光剂进行机械抛光,再依次在丙酮、酒精、去离子水中超声清洗10min,烘干后,封装待用;
(3)用双层辉光等离子渗金属真空炉进行渗铝处理,用不锈钢圆筒作为辅助阴极,将基材和块状纯铝置于辅助阴极内;
(4)开始表面处理:工艺参数为频率55Hz,极间距15mm,保温温度800℃,保温时间2h,源极电压500V,阴极电压300V,处理后试样随炉冷却至室温。经测量,其性能与实施例1的样品性能一致。

Claims (5)

1.一种钢件表面处理的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)截取尺寸10*10*5mm的钢材试样作为基材,选用块状纯铝作为源极材料;
(2)将钢材试样经过多道次砂纸打磨、打磨后用0.5μm的金刚石喷雾抛光剂进行机械抛光,再依次在丙酮、酒精、去离子水中超声清洗10min,烘干后,封装待用;
(3)用双层辉光等离子渗金属真空炉进行渗铝处理,用不锈钢圆筒作为辅助阴极,将基材和块状纯铝置于辅助阴极内;
(4)开始表面处理:工艺参数为频率55-60Hz,极间距15-20mm,保温温度800-900℃,保温时间2-3h,源极电压400-600V,阴极电压250-350V,处理后试样随炉冷却至室温。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢件表面处理的方法,其特征在于,所述源极材料采用的块状纯铝为99.9wt%的铝锭。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢件表面处理的方法,其特征在于,所述钢材试样为AISI316不锈钢。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢件表面处理的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(4)的工艺参数为频率55Hz,极间距15mm,保温温度800℃,保温时间2h。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢件表面处理的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(4)的源极电压500V,阴极电压300V。
CN201710896719.1A 2017-09-28 2017-09-28 一种钢件表面处理的方法 Pending CN107675124A (zh)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101074476A (zh) * 2007-06-11 2007-11-21 南京航空航天大学 钢铁材料表面制备Fe-Al金属间化合物层的方法
US20120244385A1 (en) * 2011-03-24 2012-09-27 Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. Metal housing and surface treating method thereof
CN102936716A (zh) * 2012-11-06 2013-02-20 高金菊 一种在tc4钛合金表面制备钴基合金层的方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101074476A (zh) * 2007-06-11 2007-11-21 南京航空航天大学 钢铁材料表面制备Fe-Al金属间化合物层的方法
US20120244385A1 (en) * 2011-03-24 2012-09-27 Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. Metal housing and surface treating method thereof
CN102936716A (zh) * 2012-11-06 2013-02-20 高金菊 一种在tc4钛合金表面制备钴基合金层的方法

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
常华: ""316L不锈钢表面氧化铝梯度涂层制备工艺及机理研究"", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库(电子期刊)工程科技Ⅰ辑》 *
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Application publication date: 20180209