CN107675075A - A kind of high-performance high temperature resistant ferritic stainless steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high-performance high temperature resistant ferritic stainless steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107675075A CN107675075A CN201710789347.2A CN201710789347A CN107675075A CN 107675075 A CN107675075 A CN 107675075A CN 201710789347 A CN201710789347 A CN 201710789347A CN 107675075 A CN107675075 A CN 107675075A
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- Prior art keywords
- stainless steel
- high temperature
- steel
- ferritic stainless
- temperature resistant
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-performance high temperature resistant ferritic stainless steel, its drip irrigation device is that each component percentage by weight is：C≤0.5%, Si 0.2 2.6%, Mo 0.2 2.0%, Cr 17 27%, Nb 0.2 1.8%, V 0.05 0.6%, Ti 0.1 0.7%, remaining is Fe and the inevitable impurity that occurs in stainless steel, impurity（Mn、Ni、S、P）Total amount≤2.5%, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of high-performance high temperature resistant ferritic stainless steel, has good normal temperature and mechanical behavior under high temperature, good High Temperature Thermal Shock Resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance, and relative inexpensiveness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of alloy material, more specifically, it relates to a kind of high-performance high temperature resistant ferritic stainless steel
And preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Domestic Automotive Industry is just in high speed development, it was predicted that will be sent out in suitable period from now on more than 20% speed
Exhibition.Be averaged each car stainless steel 40-50kg, wherein gas extraction system 30kg or so in the market.This is one stainless
The big market of steel, in order to contend for markets, stainless steel factory continually develops new steel grade.With the raising of automobile engine performance, gas
Body exhaust temperature more and more higher, the exhaust pipe of engine, the operating temperature of turbocharger housing bring up to more than 900 DEG C, even
Reach 1000 DEG C.Conventional stainless steel material can not meet resistant to elevated temperatures requirement.
In the prior art, the stainless steel material the most frequently used for automobile exhaust system is austenite series stainless steel and iron element
Series stainless steel.Wherein, conventional high temperature resistant ferritic stainless steel, have good high-temperature stability, thermal shock resistance and
High temperature oxidation resistance, but because its normal temperature and elevated temperature strength are relatively low, its application is have impact on, it is served only for 935 DEG C of work of maximum temperature
Condition；High temperature resistant austenitic stainless steel, there is good mechanical behavior under high temperature, maximum operating temperature up to 1000 DEG C, but due to
The thermal conductivity of austenite is low, and thermal coefficient of expansion is high, and high temperature oxidation resistance is poor, have impact on the service life of material, and due to
Containing higher W metal element, cause material cost height.There is research, add on the basis of the ferritic stainless steel containing appropriate Cr
Add Nb and Mo elements, can maintaining the good thermal conductivity of ferritic stainless steel, low thermal coefficient of expansion, good high temperature steady
On qualitative foundation, the comprehensive mechanical property under normal temperature and high temperature has been lifted, but comprehensive mechanical property is apart from austenitic stainless steel
Still there is big gap.
To sum up, how to provide one kind with resistance to 1000 DEG C of operating temperatures, can have the synthesis of austenite heat-resistance stainless steel
Mechanical property, and can has the good high temperature oxidation resistance of high temperature resistant ferritic stainless steel, thermal-shock resistance concurrently, and cost is relative
Cheap novel fire resistant stainless steel material, it is the technical barrier that those skilled in the art remain unsolved.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high-performance high temperature resistant ferrite stainless
Steel, there is good normal temperature and mechanical behavior under high temperature, good High Temperature Thermal Shock Resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance, and cost is relative
It is cheap.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme：A kind of high-performance high temperature resistant ferritic stainless steel,
Characterized in that, each component percentage by weight is：C≤0.5%, Si 0.2-2.6%, Mo 0.2-2.0%, Cr 17-27%, Nb
0.2-1.8%, V 0.05-0.6%, Ti 0.1-0.7%, remaining is Fe and the inevitable impurity that occurs in stainless steel, miscellaneous
Matter（Mn、Ni、S、P）Total amount≤2.5%.
Preferably, each component percentage by weight is：C 0.15%, Si 1.5%, Mo 1.5%, Cr 19%, Nb 0.9%, V
0.15%, Ti 0.3%, remaining is Fe and the inevitable impurity that occurs in stainless steel, impurity（Mn、Ni、S、P）Total amount≤
2.5%。
To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of high-performance high temperature resistant ferritic stainless steel, its
It is characterised by, comprises the following steps：
A. dispensing, fusing, alloy is configured according to above-mentioned target component, in the medium-frequency induction furnace of 500 kilograms of normal capacity in
Low-carbon ferrochromium (60%Cr) and steel scrap are added, after metal molten, by adding industrial ferrosilicon, industrial molybdenum-iron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, iron
Titanium intermediate alloy reaches above design composition, in fusion process, passes through direct-reading spectrometer, detects alloy composition；
B. steel treatment, treat that molten steel reaches smelting technology temperature and skimmed, according to a conventional method deoxidation, refining；
C. go out molten steel, cast, at 1570 DEG C, go out molten steel, poured into a mould under the conditions of resin-coated sand shell mould gravity-assist pouring, pour into a mould
During using coverture protection the anti-oxidation of molten steel.
The present invention has compared with prior art：
（1）In this stainless steel alloy material：For Cr contents in 17%-27%, tissue is ferrite, and the ferritic stainless steel is free of Ni
（Micro Ni may be included in impurity, but not as alloying element）, reduce cost；Dimensionally stable, anti-under the high temperature conditions
Oxidability is strong, and thermal coefficient of expansion is low, and relative to austenitic stainless steel, ferrite cost is relatively low；Silicon（Si）To promote graphitization
Element, element silicon can form one layer of fine and close SiO in Cast Iron Surface2Oxide-film, and then resist the further oxidation of material；
Molybdenum（Mo）The addition of element can promote ferrite to be formed, and significantly improve yield strength and high temperature of the material under the conditions of 900 DEG C
Oxidation resistance；In the presence of no Mo elements, constantly improve (0.8% so that higher) of Si contents can be carried persistently
Inoxidizability of the high material at 950 DEG C, but the present invention is in the case where having Mo elements while adding, it is only necessary to and a small amount of Si adds
Good antioxidant effect can be obtained by entering；The addition of Cr and Si elements, by forming Cr at high temperature2O3And SiO2Protection
Film, being further oxidized for material can be prevented；Nb elements, the ambient temperature mechanical properties and high-temperature mechanics of ferritic stainless steel can be made
Performance is significantly improved；Research shows, precipitation of the Fe-Nb compounds in crystal boundary so that the creep resistance of alloy at high temperature
Increase；Vanadium metal (V), enriches in reserves in China, and material simply easily takes, and a small amount of V element adds ferritic stainless steel, can be formed
Tiny VC compound particles, crystal grain thinning, so as to lift the normal temperature of stainless steel and mechanical behavior under high temperature；Titanium (Ti) can make
The dense internal organization of stainless steel, crystal grain thinning, so as to improve the summation mechanical property of stainless steel.
（2）The present invention is under the conditions of resin-coated sand shell mould gravity-assist pouring, and as-cast structure is using ferrite as matrix, resistance to 1000 DEG C of works
Make temperature, the comprehensive mechanical property can with austenite heat-resistance stainless steel, it is good that and can has high temperature resistant ferritic stainless steel concurrently
High temperature oxidation resistance, thermal-shock resistance, and the novel fire resistant stainless steel material of relative inexpensiveness, Alloy At Room Temperature tension
Intensity, elongation are respectively greater than 510Mpa, 6.0%, and under the conditions of 1000 DEG C, tensile strength is more than 15MPa, 1000 DEG C of conditions
Under average oxidation speed be less than 0.1g.m-2.h-1), there is good casting forming function, the as-cast structure of material is with iron element
Body is matrix.
（3）The present invention maintains heatproof ferrite not in the case of limited raising ferritic stainless steel alloy cost
Become rusty on the premise of the high-temperature stability of steel, good high temperature oxidation resistance, normal temperature and mechanical behavior under high temperature have been obviously improved, with Austria
Family name's body stainless steel is compared, and high-temperature stability is strong, high temperature oxidation resistance is strong, and material cost declines；Compared with ferritic stainless steel, often
Gentle elevated temperature strength significantly improves, and has substantial progress.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：
A kind of high-performance high temperature resistant ferritic stainless steel, each component percentage by weight are：C 0.5%, Si 0.2%, Mo 0.2%, Cr
27%, Nb 0.2%, V 0.05%, Ti 0.7%, remaining is Fe and the inevitable impurity that occurs in stainless steel, impurity（Mn、
Ni、S、P）Total amount≤2.5%.Its specific preparation process is as follows：
A. dispensing, fusing, alloy is configured according to above-mentioned target component, in the medium-frequency induction furnace of 500 kilograms of normal capacity in
Add 135 kilograms of low-carbon ferrochromium (60%Cr), 155 kilograms of steel scrap, after metal molten, by adding industrial ferrosilicon, industrial molybdenum
Iron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ferrotitanium intermediate alloy reach above design composition, in fusion process, pass through direct-reading spectrometer, detect alloy
Chemical composition；
B. steel treatment, treat that molten steel reaches smelting technology temperature and skimmed, according to a conventional method deoxidation, refining；
C. go out molten steel, cast, at 1570 DEG C, go out molten steel, poured into a mould under the conditions of resin-coated sand shell mould gravity-assist pouring, pour into a mould
During using coverture protection the anti-oxidation of molten steel.
Application effect：Under the conditions of resin-coated sand shell mould gravity-assist pouring, Alloy At Room Temperature tensile strength, elongation under casting condition
Rate is respectively 530Mpa, 7.0%, under the conditions of 1000 DEG C, tensile strength 19MPa, and the average oxidation speed under the conditions of 1000 DEG C
Spend 0.085g.m-2.h-1), under as cast condition, based on ferrite, a small amount of pearlite can be contained, and by its exhaust pipe of engine,
Design requirement can be reached with normal work under 1000 DEG C of operating temperatures.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of high-performance high temperature resistant ferritic stainless steel, each component percentage by weight are：C 0.1%, Si 2.6%, Mo 2.0%, Cr
17%, Nb 1.8%, V 0.6%, Ti 0.1%, remaining is Fe and the inevitable impurity that occurs in stainless steel, impurity（Mn、
Ni、S、P）Total amount≤2.5%.Its specific preparation process is as follows：
A. dispensing, fusing, alloy is configured according to above-mentioned target component, in the medium-frequency induction furnace of 500 kilograms of normal capacity in
Add low-carbon ferrochromium 85 kilograms of (60%Cr), 210 kilograms of steel scrap, after metal molten, by add industrial ferrosilicon, industrial molybdenum-iron,
Ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ferrotitanium intermediate alloy reach above design composition, in fusion process, pass through direct-reading spectrometer, detect alloy
Composition；
B. steel treatment, treat that molten steel reaches smelting technology temperature and skimmed, according to a conventional method deoxidation, refining；
C. go out molten steel, cast, at 1570 DEG C, go out molten steel, poured into a mould under the conditions of resin-coated sand shell mould gravity-assist pouring, pour into a mould
During using coverture protection the anti-oxidation of molten steel.
Application effect：Under the conditions of resin-coated sand shell mould gravity-assist pouring, Alloy At Room Temperature tensile strength, elongation under casting condition
Rate is respectively 560Mpa, 7.5%, under the conditions of 1000 DEG C, tensile strength 21MPa, and the average oxidation speed under the conditions of 1000 DEG C
0.092g.m-2.h-1), under as cast condition, based on ferrite, a small amount of pearlite can be contained, and by its exhaust pipe of engine, 1000
Design requirement can be reached with normal work under DEG C operating temperature.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of high-performance high temperature resistant ferritic stainless steel, each component percentage by weight are：C 0.15%, Si 1.5%, Mo 1.5%,
Cr 19%, Nb 0.9%, V 0.15%, Ti 0.3%, remaining is Fe and the inevitable impurity that occurs in stainless steel, impurity
（Mn、Ni、S、P）Total amount≤2.5%.Its specific preparation process is as follows：
A. dispensing, fusing, alloy is configured according to above-mentioned target component, in the medium-frequency induction furnace of 500 kilograms of normal capacity in
Add low-carbon ferrochromium 95 kilograms of (60%Cr), 200 kilograms of steel scrap, after metal molten, by add industrial ferrosilicon, industrial molybdenum-iron,
Ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ferrotitanium intermediate alloy reach above design composition, in fusion process, pass through direct-reading spectrometer, detect alloy
Composition；
B. steel treatment, treat that molten steel reaches smelting technology temperature and skimmed, according to a conventional method deoxidation, refining；
C. go out molten steel, cast, at 1570 DEG C, go out molten steel, poured into a mould under the conditions of resin-coated sand shell mould gravity-assist pouring, pour into a mould
During using coverture protection the anti-oxidation of molten steel.
Application effect：Under the conditions of resin-coated sand shell mould gravity-assist pouring, Alloy At Room Temperature tensile strength, elongation under casting condition
Rate is respectively 580Mpa, 8.0%, under the conditions of 1000 DEG C, tensile strength 22MPa, and the average oxidation speed under the conditions of 1000 DEG C
0.082g.m-2.h-1), under as cast condition, based on ferrite, a small amount of pearlite can be contained, and by its exhaust pipe of engine, 1000
Design requirement can be reached with normal work under DEG C operating temperature.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned implementation
Example, all technical schemes belonged under thinking of the present invention belong to protection scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the art
Those of ordinary skill for, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of high-performance high temperature resistant ferritic stainless steel, it is characterised in that each component percentage by weight is：C≤0.5%, Si
0.2-2.6%, Mo 0.2-2.0%, Cr 17-27%, Nb 0.2-1.8%, V 0.05-0.6%, Ti 0.1-0.7%, remaining be Fe and
The inevitable impurity occurred in stainless steel, impurity（Mn、Ni、S、P）Total amount≤2.5%.
A kind of 2. high-performance high temperature resistant ferritic stainless steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each component weight
Percentage is：C 0.15%, Si 1.5%, Mo 1.5%, Cr 19%, Nb 0.9%, V 0.15%, Ti 0.3%, remaining be Fe and
The inevitable impurity occurred in stainless steel, impurity（Mn、Ni、S、P）Total amount≤2.5%.
3. a kind of preparation method of high-performance high temperature resistant ferritic stainless steel, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A. dispensing, fusing, alloy is configured according to above-mentioned target component, in the medium-frequency induction furnace of 500 kilograms of normal capacity in
Low-carbon ferrochromium (60%Cr) and steel scrap are added, after metal molten, by adding industrial ferrosilicon, industrial molybdenum-iron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, iron
Titanium intermediate alloy reaches above design composition, in fusion process, passes through direct-reading spectrometer, detects alloy composition；
B. steel treatment, treat that molten steel reaches smelting technology temperature and skimmed, according to a conventional method deoxidation, refining；
C. go out molten steel, cast, at 1570 DEG C, go out molten steel, poured into a mould under the conditions of resin-coated sand shell mould gravity-assist pouring, pour into a mould
During using coverture protection the anti-oxidation of molten steel.
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| CN201710789347.2A CN107675075A (en) | 2017-09-05 | 2017-09-05 | A kind of high-performance high temperature resistant ferritic stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108504856A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-09-07 | 大连威尔特钢有限公司 | A kind of resistance to high temperature oxidation mould steel smelting process |
| CN112935239A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-06-11 | 上海欣冈贸易有限公司 | High hardness welding alloy and composition thereof |
| JP7323092B1 (en) | 2022-06-16 | 2023-08-08 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Ferritic stainless steel and its manufacturing method |
| WO2023243133A1 (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2023-12-21 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Ferritic stainless steel and production method therefor |
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| CN101899625A (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2010-12-01 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Ferrite stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104769147A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2015-07-08 | 艾克钢资产有限公司 | Alloyed hot-dip galvanized steel sheet and method for manufacturing same |
| CN105200330A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2015-12-30 | 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant ferritic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof |
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| EP0386673A1 (en) * | 1989-03-06 | 1990-09-12 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | High-strength high-Cr steel with excellent toughness and oxidation resistance |
| JPH04173939A (en) * | 1990-11-03 | 1992-06-22 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Ferritic stainless steel excellent in high temperature strength and toughness |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108504856A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-09-07 | 大连威尔特钢有限公司 | A kind of resistance to high temperature oxidation mould steel smelting process |
| CN112935239A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-06-11 | 上海欣冈贸易有限公司 | High hardness welding alloy and composition thereof |
| CN112935239B (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2024-04-05 | 僖昴晰(上海)新材料有限公司 | High hardness welding alloy and composition thereof |
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| WO2023243133A1 (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2023-12-21 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Ferritic stainless steel and production method therefor |
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Application publication date: 20180209 |