CN107664549B - Accurate measuring device for friction torque of mechanical seal end face - Google Patents
Accurate measuring device for friction torque of mechanical seal end face Download PDFInfo
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- CN107664549B CN107664549B CN201711183903.8A CN201711183903A CN107664549B CN 107664549 B CN107664549 B CN 107664549B CN 201711183903 A CN201711183903 A CN 201711183903A CN 107664549 B CN107664549 B CN 107664549B
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L3/00—Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
- G01L3/02—Rotary-transmission dynamometers
- G01L3/04—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0028—Force sensors associated with force applying means
- G01L5/0042—Force sensors associated with force applying means applying a torque
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Sealing (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a mechanical seal end face friction torque accurate measuring device which is provided with a near-zero friction shaft sleeve similar to a static pressure air bearing and can accurately measure the mechanical seal end face friction torque. The device comprises a shaft sleeve with a U-shaped opening, a transmission pin penetrating through the U-shaped opening and a force sensor; the main shaft passes through the shaft sleeve, the mechanical seal of the friction torque of the end surface to be measured passes through the shaft sleeve, and the torque generated by the friction of the end surface of the movable ring and the stationary ring is balanced with the torque transmitted to the shaft sleeve by the friction between the main shaft and the shaft sleeve through the transmission pin; when the friction between the main shaft and the shaft sleeve is negligible, the torque is determined by the product of the circumferential force measured by the force sensor and the force arm of the force measuring point; an axial core hole is formed in the main shaft, and an air supply pipeline is communicated with the core hole; the main shaft is provided with a radial air outlet hole communicated with the core hole; compressed gas entering the core hole through the gas supply pipeline enters a gap between the shaft sleeve and the main shaft after passing through the radial gas outlet hole, so that a shaft sleeve gas-bearing support is formed, and the friction force between the shaft sleeve and the main shaft is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The technology belongs to the technical field of testing, and particularly relates to a test device for measuring friction torque of a mechanical seal end face.
Background
The Chinese patent ZL201510020807.6 discloses a mechanical seal end face friction torque measuring device based on self-power and wireless data transmission, which comprises a shaft sleeve with a U-shaped opening on the same bus at two ends, a transmission pin connected to a main shaft through the U-shaped opening, and a force sensor arranged between the side wall of the U-shaped opening and the transmission pin; the main shaft passes through the shaft sleeve, the mechanical seal of the friction torque of the end face to be measured passes through the shaft sleeve, the movable ring is connected to the shaft sleeve, and the stationary ring is fixed on the seal cavity. The measuring device is designed by utilizing the principle that the torque generated by the friction of the end surfaces of the dynamic ring and the static ring of the mechanical seal is balanced with the torque transmitted to the shaft sleeve by the friction between the main shaft and the shaft sleeve through the transmission pin. When the friction between the main shaft and the shaft sleeve is negligible, the end face friction torque is obtained by measuring the circumferential force born by the side wall of the transmission pin when the mechanical seal test device normally operates and multiplying the circumferential force by the corresponding force arm. In order to reduce the influence of the friction force between the main shaft and the shaft sleeve on the end face friction torque measurement, the ball is additionally arranged between the main shaft and the shaft sleeve, so that the friction between the main shaft and the shaft sleeve is changed from the original sliding friction to rolling friction, and the measurement environment is greatly improved; however, the rolling friction coefficient depends on the material properties and surface conditions of objects in contact with each other, which results in fluctuation in the magnitude of friction force between the main shaft and the sleeve during operation due to the change in the surface contact state, and it is difficult to achieve accurate measurement of the end face friction torque measurement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mechanical seal end face friction torque accurate measuring device which is provided with a near-zero friction shaft sleeve similar to a static pressure air bearing and can accurately measure the mechanical seal end face friction torque.
The invention relates to a mechanical seal end face friction torque accurate measurement device, which comprises a shaft sleeve 6, a transmission pin 12 and a force sensor 10, wherein a U-shaped opening is formed in the same bus at two ends of the shaft sleeve, the transmission pin 12 penetrates through the U-shaped opening and is connected to a main shaft 1, and the force sensor 10 is arranged between the side wall of the U-shaped opening and the transmission pin; the main shaft passes through the shaft sleeve 6, a mechanical seal for testing the friction torque of the end surface is sleeved on the shaft sleeve, and the torque generated by the friction of the end surface of a moving ring and a static ring of the mechanical seal is balanced with the torque transmitted to the shaft sleeve 6 by the main shaft 1 through the transmission pin 12 and the friction between the main shaft and the shaft sleeve; when the friction between the main shaft and the sleeve is negligible, the torque is determined by the product of the circumferential force measured by the force sensor 10 and the moment arm of the force measuring point; an axial core hole 5 is formed in the main shaft, and a gas supply pipeline 13 for introducing compressed gas into the core hole 5 is communicated with the core hole 5; a radial air outlet hole 9 communicated with the core hole is formed in the main shaft at the sleeve penetrating shaft sleeve; compressed gas entering the core hole 5 through the gas supply pipeline 13 enters a gap between the shaft sleeve 6 and the main shaft 1 after passing through the radial gas outlet hole 9, so that the shaft sleeve is supported in a gas-floating way, and the friction force between the shaft sleeve 6 and the main shaft 1 is reduced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: because compressed gas enters a gap between the shaft sleeve 6 and the main shaft 1, the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft in a floating manner under the jacking action of the compressed air on the shaft sleeve, and the friction force between the shaft sleeve and the main shaft is obviously reduced. In this way, the circumferential force measured by the force sensor 10 is multiplied by the force arm of the force measuring point to obtain the torque which is closer to the actual torque of the dynamic ring and the static ring due to the end surface friction.
As a further improvement on the mechanical seal end face friction torque accurate measuring device, two groups of radial air outlet holes 9 are respectively arranged near two ends of the shaft sleeve 6; the two sets of radial air outlet holes 9 are symmetrical with the middle cross section of the shaft sleeve 6.
Because the two groups of radial air outlet holes 9 are symmetrical with the middle cross section of the shaft sleeve 6, air floatation support is formed between the two ends of the shaft sleeve and the main shaft, and the influence on the measurement accuracy caused by the fact that one end of the shaft sleeve is in physical contact with the main shaft is avoided.
As a further improvement of the mechanical seal end face friction torque accurate measuring device, an air supply double-end-face mechanical seal device 2 is arranged on the main shaft between the shaft sleeve 6 and the power device for driving the main shaft to rotate, and the air supply double-end-face mechanical seal device 2 comprises an air supply seal cavity 24, two air supply static rings 21 in sealing contact with the end faces of two sides of the air supply dynamic ring, and the air supply dynamic ring 22 with two ends in sealing connection with the main shaft 1; the air supply sealing cavity 24 is communicated with the air supply pipeline 13, the air supply moving ring 22 is provided with an air vent 25, and a main shaft at the position where the air supply moving ring 22 is arranged is provided with a radial air inlet 26 communicated with the core hole; compressed gas enters the gas supply sealing cavity 24 through the gas supply pipeline 13, and then enters the core hole 5 through the vent hole 25 and the radial gas inlet hole 26.
Because the external air supply pipeline 13 supplies air to the core hole 5 through the radial air inlet hole 26 on the main shaft by the air supply double-end-face mechanical sealing device 2, the axial two ends of the core hole 5 are equal-diameter and airtight, and the axial forces acting on the sealed ends on the two axial sides of the core hole 5 are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, so that the unbalanced axial acting force of the compressed air in the core hole on the main shaft is avoided; meanwhile, the air supply double-end-face mechanical sealing device 2 solves the problem of connection between an external static air supply pipeline 13 and the rotating main shaft 1, achieves end face specific pressure equivalence on two sealing faces of the air supply double-end-face mechanical sealing under air supply pressure, avoids unbalanced axial force, and ensures the running environment of the bearing.
As a further improvement on the mechanical seal end face friction torque accurate measurement device, the device also comprises a signal processor, a wireless transmitting module, a wireless receiving module and a self-powered module, wherein the measured circumferential force is processed by the signal processor and is transmitted to the wireless receiving module through the wireless transmitting module; the electric energy generated by cutting magnetic force lines by rotation of the spindle or the shaft sleeve is used for supplying power to the signal processor and the wireless transmitting module through the self-powered module, so that wireless data transmission for collecting torque signals is realized.
The self-powered module skillfully utilizes a main shaft rotating at high speed in a mechanical seal test, and the main shaft rotates at high speed to drive a coil winding to rotate around a magnet fixed in a seal cavity, and the rotating coil winding cuts magnetic force lines to generate induced electromotive force to be used as a power supply. Once the main shaft of the mechanical sealing performance testing machine starts to operate, the self-powered module starts to generate electricity, and as long as the mechanical sealing performance testing machine does not stop operating, the self-powered module continuously supplies power, so that the long-period power supply requirement of the self-powered module on the signal processor and the wireless transmitting module is met, and the phenomenon that a battery is replaced by a shutdown dismounting device in the test process of a dry battery or a lithium battery power supply system is avoided. Details of the self-powered module, the signal processor, the wireless transmitting module, the wireless receiving module and the like are shown in Chinese patent ZL201510020807.6, and will not be described in detail.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mechanical seal face friction torque accurate measurement device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the supplied air double-sided mechanical seal device 2 in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of fig. 2.
In the figure, a main shaft 1, an air supply double-end-face mechanical sealing device 2, a side leakage cavity end cover 3, a sealing cavity 4, an end cover 41, a core hole 5, a shaft sleeve 6, an end plate 61, a U-shaped opening 62, a measured mechanical seal 7 (comprising a static ring O-shaped ring 71, a static ring 72, a movable ring 73, a movable ring O-shaped ring 74, a supporting ring 75, a spring 76, a movable ring seat 77, a nut 78 and a short pin 79), a working medium inlet 8, a radial air outlet hole 9, a force sensor 10, a plug 11, a transmission pin 12, an air supply pipeline 13, a mounting box 14, an air supply static ring 21, an air supply movable ring 22, a set screw 23, an air supply sealing cavity 24, an air vent 25, a radial air inlet hole 26, an air outflow channel 27, a flange 28, an O-shaped ring 29, a pressing spring 30, a screw hole 31, a magnet 101, a coil winding 102 rotating along with the main shaft, a rectifying circuit 103 and a voltage stabilizing circuit 104.
Detailed Description
Referring to the mechanical seal end face friction torque accurate measuring device shown in fig. 1, a main shaft 1 extends into a shaft sleeve 6, the main shaft 1 and the shaft sleeve 6 jointly penetrate through a seal cavity 4 with end covers 41 at two ends, and a working medium inlet 8 is arranged on the seal cavity 4. The right end of the sealing cavity is fixed with a side leakage cavity end cover 3. The right end of the sleeve 6 has an end plate 61 for attachment by screws to the mounting box 14 in the side leakage chamber end cap.
The mechanical seal 7 to be tested includes a stationary ring O-ring 71, a stationary ring 72, a movable ring 73, a movable ring O-ring 74, a carrier ring 75, a spring 76, a movable ring seat 77, a nut 78, a short pin 79, and the like. A spring 76, a backing ring 75 and a moving ring O-shaped ring 74 are arranged between the moving ring seat 77 and the moving ring 73 in sequence; the ring 73 is sealed against the sleeve by a ring O-ring 74. The support ring 75 is axially slidably connected to the movable ring seat 77, and a compressed spring 76 is provided between the support ring 75 and the movable ring seat 77, and the movable ring 73 is axially slidably and circumferentially positioned with the movable ring seat 77. The static ring 72 is connected with the central hole on the end cover in a sealing way through a static ring O-shaped ring 71 arranged on the periphery of the static ring 72; the stationary ring 72 is axially opposed to the moving ring 73. The middle part of the shaft sleeve 6 is provided with two sections of threads with equal thread pitches and opposite rotation directions; two nuts 78 are respectively engaged with the threads; a stub pin 79 parallel to the axis of the sleeve extends into stub pin holes formed in both nuts; the back sides of the two nuts are respectively provided with two movable ring seats 77; the movable ring seat 77 is axially slidably connected to the sleeve in a circumferential positioning manner. See ZL201310162335.9 for detailed structure and operation of the mechanical seal 7.
The two ends of the shaft sleeve 6 extending out of the end cover are provided with U-shaped openings 62 with central lines on the same bus, and the main shaft 1 corresponding to the U-shaped openings is connected with a transmission pin 12 through a screw. A force sensor 10 is attached to the side wall of the driving pin corresponding to the side wall of the U-shaped opening, and is used for detecting the circumferential force between the side wall of the U-shaped opening and the driving pin.
After the axial constant diameter core hole 5 is processed from the right end of the main shaft, the right end of the core hole 5 is closed by a plug 11. Two groups of radial air outlet holes 9 communicated with the core holes are formed in the main shaft at the sleeve penetrating shaft sleeve; each group of air outlet holes consists of a plurality of air outlet holes uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction. The two groups of radial air outlet holes 9 are respectively close to two ends of the shaft sleeve 6 and are symmetrical with the middle cross section of the shaft sleeve 6.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a main shaft between the left end of the shaft sleeve 6 and a power device for driving the main shaft to rotate is provided with a gas supply double-end mechanical sealing device 2, and the gas supply double-end mechanical sealing device 2 is of a structure symmetrical to the cross section of the main shaft as a whole and comprises a gas supply sealing cavity 24, two gas supply static rings 21, a gas supply dynamic ring 22, a set screw 23, two flanges 28 and a plurality of O-shaped rings 29. The air supply ring 22 is fixed on the main shaft through a set screw 23, and the two axial ends of the inner hole of the air supply ring are connected with the main shaft 1 in a sealing way through O-shaped rings 29. Two flanges 28 are bolted to the sides of the air-feed seal cavity 24. Two air supply static rings 21 are positioned on both sides of the air supply dynamic ring 22 and are in sealing contact with the air supply sealing cavity 24 through O-rings 29. A pressure spring 30 is provided between the two flanges 28 and the two stationary air supply rings to apply an axial force to the stationary air supply rings so that the stationary air supply rings are in sealing contact with the stationary air supply rings. The air supply sealing cavity 24 is communicated with the external air supply pipeline 13 through a screw hole 31. The air supply ring 22 is provided with an air vent 25, and a main shaft on which the air supply ring 22 is arranged is provided with a radial air inlet 26 communicated with the core hole. Compressed gas enters the gas supply sealing cavity 24 through the gas supply pipeline 13, then enters the core hole 5 through the vent hole 25 and the radial gas inlet hole 26, and the compressed gas entering the core hole 5 enters a gap between the two ends of the shaft sleeve 6 and the main shaft 1 after passing through the radial gas outlet hole 9, so that the shaft sleeve gas bearing is formed, and the friction force between the shaft sleeve 6 and the main shaft 1 is reduced. In order not to hinder the compressed gas from flowing out of the sleeve through the gap between the right end of the sleeve and the main shaft, gas outflow passages 27 are opened in the end plate 61 and between the end plate and the set box 14.
The shaft sleeve is supported on the main shaft in a floating way through compressed gas, and the shaft sleeve and the main shaft can be regarded as a static pressure air bearing with near zero friction, so that the friction between the main shaft and the shaft sleeve is almost negligible relative to the friction torque of the end face, the friction torque of the dynamic ring and the static ring is transmitted to the main shaft through the shaft sleeve almost without loss, and the friction torque of the end face can be obtained by multiplying the circumferential force measured by the force sensor attached to the drive pin by the force arm of the force measuring point according to the principle that the torque generated by the friction of the end face of the dynamic ring and the static ring of the mechanical seal is balanced with the torque transmitted to the shaft sleeve through the drive pin.
The self-powered module designed based on the principle that the coil cuts magnetic force lines to generate electromotive force comprises a magnet 101 fixed on a leakage detection cavity end cover 5, a coil winding 102 rotating along with a main shaft, a rectifying circuit 103 and a voltage stabilizing circuit 104, wherein the main body part of the coil winding 102 stretches into the magnet 101, and the output end of the coil winding is connected with the rectifying circuit and the voltage stabilizing circuit. For details on signal processors, wireless transmitting modules, wireless receiving modules, self-powered modules, placement boxes, force sensor settings, connections, etc., see ZL201510020807.6. According to the electromagnetic induction principle, a coil winding is fixed in a placement box and continuously cuts a magnet fixed on an end cover of a leakage detection cavity along with the high-speed rotation of a main shaft to generate magnetic field flux change, so as to generate induced electromotive force; the generated induced electromotive force is rectified and stabilized to obtain stable power supply voltage, so that the condition that the experimental time is too short due to the fact that the power supply capacity of a common dry battery or a lithium battery is limited, the battery is required to be replaced by frequently stopping an experimental dismounting device, and the effective data of the end face friction torque cannot be continuously obtained is avoided.
Claims (4)
1. The mechanical seal end face friction torque accurate measurement device comprises a shaft sleeve (6) with a U-shaped opening formed in the same bus at two ends, a transmission pin (12) penetrating through the U-shaped opening and connected to a main shaft (1), and a force sensor (10) arranged between the side wall of the U-shaped opening and the transmission pin; the main shaft passes through the shaft sleeve (6), a mechanical seal for testing the friction torque of the end surface is sleeved on the shaft sleeve, and the torque generated by the friction of the end surface of a moving ring and a static ring of the mechanical seal is balanced with the torque transmitted to the shaft sleeve (6) by the main shaft (1) through a transmission pin (12) and the friction between the main shaft and the shaft sleeve; neglecting friction between the main shaft and the sleeve, wherein the torque is determined by the product of circumferential force measured by the force sensor (10) and the moment arm of the force measuring point; the method is characterized in that: an axial core hole (5) is formed in the main shaft, and a gas supply pipeline (13) for introducing compressed gas into the core hole (5) is communicated with the core hole (5); a radial air outlet hole (9) communicated with the core hole is formed in the main shaft at the sleeve penetrating shaft sleeve; compressed gas entering the core hole (5) through the gas supply pipeline (13) enters a gap between the shaft sleeve (6) and the main shaft (1) after passing through the radial gas outlet hole (9), so that a shaft sleeve air-float support is formed, and the friction force between the shaft sleeve (6) and the main shaft (1) is reduced.
2. The precise mechanical seal end face friction torque measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: two groups of radial air outlets (9) are respectively close to two ends of the shaft sleeve (6); the two groups of radial air outlet holes (9) are symmetrical with the middle cross section of the shaft sleeve (6).
3. The precise mechanical seal end face friction torque measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: the main shaft between the shaft sleeve (6) and the power device for driving the main shaft to rotate is provided with an air supply double-end-face mechanical sealing device (2), and the air supply double-end-face mechanical sealing device (2) comprises an air supply sealing cavity (24), two air supply static rings (21) in sealing contact with the end faces of two sides of the air supply dynamic ring, and air supply dynamic rings (22) with two ends connected with the main shaft (1) in a sealing way; the air supply sealing cavity (24) is communicated with the air supply pipeline (13), the air supply moving ring (22) is provided with an air vent (25), and a main shaft on which the air supply moving ring (22) is arranged is provided with a radial air inlet hole (26) communicated with the core hole; compressed gas enters the gas supply sealing cavity (24) through the gas supply pipeline (13), and then enters the core hole (5) through the vent hole (25) and the radial gas inlet hole (26).
4. The precise mechanical seal end face friction torque measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a signal processor, a wireless transmitting module, a wireless receiving module and a self-powered module, wherein the measured circumferential force is processed by the signal processor and transmitted to the wireless receiving module through the wireless transmitting module; the electric energy generated by the rotation of the main shaft or the shaft sleeve is used for supplying power to the signal processor and the wireless transmitting module through the self-power module.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711183903.8A CN107664549B (en) | 2017-11-23 | 2017-11-23 | Accurate measuring device for friction torque of mechanical seal end face |
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| CN201711183903.8A CN107664549B (en) | 2017-11-23 | 2017-11-23 | Accurate measuring device for friction torque of mechanical seal end face |
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| CN107664549A CN107664549A (en) | 2018-02-06 |
| CN107664549B true CN107664549B (en) | 2024-03-15 |
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