CN107662695B - Other-hidden and self-hidden utilization method for ship main engine tail gas - Google Patents
Other-hidden and self-hidden utilization method for ship main engine tail gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN107662695B CN107662695B CN201610594588.7A CN201610594588A CN107662695B CN 107662695 B CN107662695 B CN 107662695B CN 201610594588 A CN201610594588 A CN 201610594588A CN 107662695 B CN107662695 B CN 107662695B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/32—Arrangements of propulsion power-unit exhaust uptakes; Funnels peculiar to vessels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G13/00—Other offensive or defensive arrangements on vessels; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63G13/02—Camouflage
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
一种舰船主机尾气它隐与自隐利用方法，其属于舰船隐身及对尾气循环利用技术的应用领域。本文创新性地提出利用舰船大量排放的尾气进行抑制尾流气泡数量，该技术将主机排放的尾气，经处理后，由水下进行排放，既可以将高温尾气进行红外及可视化隐身。又可以利用尾气施放的大量大气泡，通过与尾流微气泡聚并、携带、中和作用，对舰船尾流气泡产生有效的干扰，不断捕捉吸引尾流中的微气泡以较大浮力克服湍流的阻碍，迅速浮出水面，达到消尾流的作用。此法减少舰船空间占用，对船体结构改动小。更加贴近实际使用，是进行消尾流气泡是最简单直接的手段。为真正实现舰船气泡尾流抑制这一新技术的应用，提供更便捷的途径。此技术可以从根本上实现舰船的尾流气泡的消除，并具有启用迅速、结构布置灵活等优点，恰恰可以作为舰船主机尾气消除尾流技术。
The utility model relates to a method for concealment and self concealment of the tail gas of a ship's main engine, which belongs to the application field of the technology of ship stealth and exhaust gas recycling. This paper innovatively proposes to use the exhaust gas emitted by ships to suppress the number of wake bubbles. This technology treats the exhaust gas emitted by the main engine and discharges it underwater, which can make the high-temperature exhaust gas infrared and visualized stealth. In addition, a large number of large bubbles released by the exhaust can be used to effectively interfere with the wake bubbles of the ship by merging, carrying, and neutralizing the wake microbubbles, and continuously capture and attract the microbubbles in the wake to overcome with greater buoyancy. Obstructed by turbulent flow, it quickly surfaced and achieved the effect of eliminating wake flow. This method reduces the space occupied by the ship and makes little changes to the hull structure. Closer to the actual use, it is the simplest and most direct method to eliminate wake bubbles. In order to truly realize the application of this new technology of ship bubble wake suppression, a more convenient way is provided. This technology can fundamentally eliminate the wake bubbles of ships, and has the advantages of rapid activation and flexible structural arrangement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an invisible and self-invisible tail gas utilization method for a main engine of a ship, and belongs to the application field of ship stealth and main engine tail gas recycling technology.
Background
The range of the ship wake flow is large, the duration is long, and the ship wake flow is not easy to eliminate and disguise. In addition, more than ten physical fields including bubble fields, microwave, infrared, acoustic and optical fields, and the like exist in the ship wake flow, and cannot be eliminated in a short time. For military operations, the acquisition of the ship trail information plays a crucial role, because a single ship target is easy to disguise, but the trail with a large spatial range is difficult to avoid. The wake flow self-guiding torpedo is mainly based on optical signals, magnetic signals, thermal signals, radioactive signals, bubble field signals and the like of wake flow. In the existing research, the bubble field is the most easily found out of many physical fields and is the wake physical field most utilized by the self-guided torpedo. In the surface layer of the seawater, micro bubbles can be sucked into vortexes formed by a turbulent flow boundary layer and propellers, the vortexes are greatly influenced and long in duration, so that the bubbles are kept in the water for a longer time, and the detected and utilized distance is longer. This poses a serious threat to the surface safety of ships. Aiming at the hidden scheme of the bubble wake field, research is actively carried out in all countries. At present, the anti-wake self-guiding torpedo technology at home and abroad mainly comprises three types of hard killing resistance, soft killing resistance and non-killing resistance. The effective exertion of the hard killer weapon depends on timely and accurate judgment of the incoming torpedo, but no mature technology can complete effective detection and identification of the torpedo at present. Although the soft killer countermeasure technology is widely used, the countermeasure effect is reduced due to the increase of the intelligence of the torpedo. The non-destructive weapon mainly comprises a ship wake stealth technology. Wake stealth is a subject of a relatively new frontier. Wherein wake bubble field stealth technology is particularly important.
Although the existing ship bubble field stealth technology can well reduce the density of bubbles in wake, the inherent problems of the existing technology limit the application of the bubble field wake stealth technology in the military field. Several wake defoaming technologies with better effect at present: the key problems of military application of technologies such as an ultrasonic defoaming method, a defoaming agent releasing method, an artificial large bubble defoaming method, a wake energy absorption method and the like are as follows: the ultrasonic wave, the special defoaming agent, the artificial large bubbles and the like are uniformly and continuously discharged within a certain width range below the primary bubble wake of the ship so as to achieve the purpose of wake elimination. The ship is transformed to a greater extent, the space occupation is large, the arrangement is difficult, the maneuverability of the ship is not facilitated, the defects of high energy consumption, high cost and the like exist to different extents, and the feasibility of the ship is to be tested.
In the working process of diesel engines, gas turbines and steam turbines in the power main machines of ships, the discharged tail gas has the characteristics of large discharge capacity, high temperature, complex components, more harmful substances and the like. Harmful gas pollutants in the exhaust gas have serious harm to human health and environment. And the dry smoke discharging mode of direct aerial discharge through the pipeline can lead the discharged waste gas to be sucked into the cabin due to the influence of disturbance airflow, and can cause pollution, corrosion and the like to the superstructure, the working cabin and the living cabin of the ship. The exhaust gas can reach 400-600 ℃, and the exhaust area is large, thereby being the largest infrared radiation source of ships. Smoke components in tail gas become visual signals in the sailing process of ships, enemies can track tracks by means of smoke emission, and a large amount of discharged smoke is difficult to hide. The radar can find the target, detect, track and attack. The ship tail gas emission hazard does not meet the current strict emission control regulation and the requirements for guaranteeing the vitality of ships.
Disclosure of Invention
The ship bubble field stealth technology is a technical measure for reducing the characteristic strength of wake bubble signals of surface ships, so that discovery, identification, tracking, positioning and attack by other platforms and weapon detection systems are reduced. The naval vessel adopts the bubble field stealth technology, and has important significance for improving the viability and the fighting capacity.
The essence that the ship wake field can be detected and utilized is a large amount of tiny bubbles in the ship wake field, so the core problem of the technology for inhibiting the ship bubble wake flow is how to effectively reduce the number density of bubbles in the ship wake field, so that the bubbles have no obvious difference compared with the surrounding common water area, and cannot be detected.
Aims to reduce the defects of reconstruction of naval vessels, high energy consumption and the like and eliminate the tail gas emission hazard of naval vessels. The invention creatively provides a ship host tail gas stealth and self-stealth utilization method, on one hand, the tail gas of the host is utilized to eliminate the ship wake bubbles and realize wake stealth; on the other hand, the infrared and the smoke trace of the tail gas are hidden.
The hidden and self-hidden utilization technology of the tail gas of the main engine of the ship is the simplest and direct means for eliminating the wake flow bubbles by using local materials of the tail gas. The technique discharges tail gas discharged by a main engine directly or after moderate pressurization treatment by underwater, thereby: on one hand, a large amount of bubbles discharged by tail gas can be utilized to continuously and efficiently capture and attract tiny bubbles in the wake flow through the coalescence, carrying and neutralization with wake flow micro bubbles, so that the bubble wake flow field of the ship can be quickly restrained, and the purpose of hiding the wake flow can be realized; on the other hand, the high-temperature tail gas of the main engine can be rapidly cooled by utilizing seawater, the infrared stealth purpose is realized, the problem of visible smoke trace exposure in the space around the ship is fundamentally eliminated, and the environment pollution is reduced.
The technology can fundamentally eliminate the wake bubble of the ship, has the advantages of rapid starting, flexible structural arrangement, small occupied space of the ship, small change on the structure of the ship and the like, is closer to practical use, and provides a more direct and more convenient way for truly realizing the engineering application of the new technology of restraining the bubble wake of the ship. Has good application prospect.
The method comprises the following steps:
A. arranging a tail gas discharge device at the tail part of the ship;
B. the tail gas of the main engine of the ship is exhausted through the exhaust device, a large amount of tail gas bubbles are formed below the wake flow of the ship, and the micro bubbles in the wake flow can be quickly eliminated.
The method is suitable for all ships with power main machines of diesel engines, gas turbines and steam turbines.
In the step A, the tail gas is directly or moderately pressurized and then discharged to meet the requirement of exhaust back pressure.
And B, in the step A, the tail end of the exhaust device is provided with a plurality of gas injection holes, and the tail gas bubble group can completely cover the wake flow bubble area by controlling the supercharging device or the discharge angle.
In the floating process, the tail gas big bubbles can generate carrying, coalescence, neutralization and other effects with wake micro bubbles, so that the retention time of a bubble wake field is greatly shortened, and the wake micro bubbles quickly float to the water surface to be broken or dissolved and disappear. Effectively eliminating wake micro-bubbles to enhance wake stealth effect.
The contact area of tail gas bubbles and seawater is effectively increased, so that high-temperature tail gas is cooled at an accelerated speed, a superheat area generated by the tail gas is eliminated, the infrared signal characteristic of a naval vessel is reduced, and the infrared stealth effect is enhanced.
The weak alkaline low-temperature seawater absorbs more nitrogen oxides NO in the high-temperature tail gasXSulfide SOX、CO2And harmful substances such as soot and the like, and has obvious effects of eliminating the ship smoke trail and protecting the environment.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows:
firstly, in the course of ship navigation, there is a lot of tail gas emissions. Compared with wake micro bubbles, the tail gas large bubbles in the turbulent flow field are easier to break loose from the control of the flow field, and the floating is accelerated.
And secondly, the tail gas bubbles can carry surface layer stern trail micro bubbles to do accelerated floating motion in the floating process. Due to the action of viscosity, the floating process of the large bubbles in water inevitably drives the water body in a certain range around the large bubbles to move upwards, when the dense large bubble groups float upwards together, the induced speed of each large bubble on the water body is mutually overlapped, an upwash is inevitably formed, and the wake bubbles inevitably float quickly under the carrying of the upwash, so that the retention time of the bubble wake field is greatly shortened. And the tail gas bubbles can accelerate floating up due to larger momentum, thereby increasing the carrying effect on wake micro bubbles.
And thirdly, when the big tail gas bubbles meet or collide with the tail flow micro-bubbles, the big tail gas bubbles are combined to form a big bubble under the action of a dynamic mechanism. Namely, the coalescence of the micro bubbles is realized in the process of carrying surface stern trail bubbles by the big tail gas bubbles, and finally, the big tail gas bubbles quickly float to the water surface to be broken or dissolved and disappear. The coalescence of bubbles can be divided into three processes: liquid film forming process, liquid film falling process and liquid film breaking process. The liquid layer that forms between the bubble is at the in-process of contact collision, because the influence of multiple additional effort, makes this liquid layer constantly drop the attenuation, if thickness reduces to critical thickness, can take place to break, and two bubbles fuse into one, realize gathering of bubble. Solid particles in the tail gas can accelerate the coalescence of bubbles. The tail gas bubbles can absorb wake micro bubbles more easily, so that the coalescence time is reduced, and the wake disappearance time is accelerated.
Fourthly, the component with high content in the seawater is Na+，Mg+，Ca2+，Cl-，SO4 2-And the quantity of strong alkali ions in the seawater is more than that of strong acid ions, so that the seawater has weak alkaline characteristics, and the pH value range is 7.5-8.6. And nitrogen oxides (nitric acid, NO) in the tail gas of the main engine2Etc.), Sulfides (SO)2、SO3Etc.) so that the original weak alkaline seawater environment around the wake bubbles is obviously changed and even can reach strong acidity, and the neutralization reaction between the tail gas big bubbles and the wake microbubbles is helpful to reduce the acting force of thinning a liquid film when the bubbles are converged and accelerate the disappearance of the bubbles, thereby being not beneficial to the survival of the original wake microbubbles.
Fifthly, high-temperature tail gas is discharged underwater, harmful components in the tail gas are fully fused with seawater because aerial discharge is not directly carried out, and the amount of the high-temperature tail gas on the sea surface is reduced. Firstly, a superheat zone generated by high-temperature tail gas can be eliminated, the infrared signal characteristic of the naval vessel is reduced, and the infrared stealth of the naval vessel is enhanced; secondly, due to the greatly reduced visible smoke signals in the navigation process, the ship can effectively conceal the smoke traces; and thirdly, the pollution of harmful gas to the environment and the ship cabin can be effectively reduced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: a method for utilizing tail gas of host machine of ship by hiding and self hiding features that the traditional technique for eliminating tail flow is improved, and the tail gas of host machine is big, high in floating speed and acidic. The tail gas of the main engine of the ship is directly or moderately treated and then discharged underwater, the breaking and disappearance of micro bubbles of the wake flow can be accelerated, the purpose of eliminating the wake flow is achieved, the navigation safety of infrared stealth, visible stealth of smoke and the like of the ship is enhanced, and meanwhile, the discharge hazard of tail gas pollution and the like is reduced. The technology has the defoaming effect on the basis of not excessively depending on external energy and additional equipment, and has the effect on the quantity of wake flow bubbles in various ranges, so that the aims of efficiently eliminating the wake flow and various stealths are fulfilled, and the sailing safety of ships can be effectively improved. The method is very convenient to use, is convenient to arrange at the tail part of the ship and has good application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a tail gas elimination wake flow device of a main engine.
Detailed Description
1. The tail part of the ship is provided with a tail gas discharge device. When the tail gas is discharged, whether a supercharging device is additionally arranged can be selected according to the requirement of the exhaust back pressure of the main engine.
2. The tail gas of the main engine of the ship is exhausted through the exhaust device, a large amount of tail gas bubbles are formed below the wake flow of the ship, and the micro bubbles in the wake flow can be quickly eliminated.
3. The tail end of the exhaust device is provided with a plurality of air injection holes, and the tail gas bubble group can completely cover the wake flow bubble area by controlling the pressurizing device or the discharge angle.
Claims (1)
1. An other hidden and self-hidden utilization method of the tail gas of a main engine of a ship; the method comprises the following steps:
A. arranging a tail gas discharge device at the tail part of the ship;
B. the tail gas of the main engine of the ship is exhausted through the exhaust device, and a large amount of micro bubbles in the wake flow can be quickly eliminated by tail gas bubbles formed below the wake flow of the ship;
in the step A, tail gas is directly or moderately pressurized and then discharged to meet the requirement of exhaust back pressure of a host;
in the step A, the tail end of the discharge device is provided with a plurality of gas injection holes, and the tail gas bubble group can completely cover a wake flow bubble area by controlling the supercharging device or the discharge angle;
the method is suitable for all ships with diesel engines, gas turbines and steam turbines as main machines;
in the floating process of the tail gas big bubbles, the tail gas big bubbles can generate carrying, coalescence and neutralization effects with wake micro bubbles, so that the retention time of a bubble wake field is greatly shortened, the wake micro bubbles quickly float to the water surface to be broken or dissolved and disappear, and wake micro bubbles are effectively eliminated to ensure the wake stealth effect;
when the tail gas big bubbles meet or collide with wake micro bubbles, the tail gas big bubbles are combined under the action of a dynamic mechanism to form a big bubble, namely the tail gas big bubbles realize coalescence of the micro bubbles in the process of carrying surface stern trail bubbles, and finally realize quick floating together until the micro bubbles are broken or dissolved and disappear;
the coalescence of bubbles is divided into three processes: the liquid film forming process, the liquid film falling process and the liquid film breaking process are adopted, the liquid layer formed among the bubbles continuously falls and becomes thin due to the influence of various additional acting forces in the contact collision process, if the thickness is reduced to critical thickness, the liquid layer can break, the two bubbles are fused into a whole, the coalescence of the bubbles is realized, and the coalescence of the bubbles is accelerated by solid particles in tail gas;
the contact area of tail gas bubbles and seawater is effectively increased, so that high-temperature tail gas is cooled in an accelerated manner, an overheated area generated by the tail gas is eliminated, the infrared signal characteristics of the naval vessel are reduced, and the infrared stealth effect is enhanced;
the weak alkaline low-temperature seawater absorbs more nitrogen oxides NO in the high-temperature tail gasXSulfide SOX、CO2And carbon smoke harmful substances, and has obvious effects of eliminating smoke traces of ships and protecting the environment.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610594588.7A CN107662695B (en) | 2016-07-27 | 2016-07-27 | Other-hidden and self-hidden utilization method for ship main engine tail gas |
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| CN201610594588.7A CN107662695B (en) | 2016-07-27 | 2016-07-27 | Other-hidden and self-hidden utilization method for ship main engine tail gas |
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| CN107662695B true CN107662695B (en) | 2022-04-01 |
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| CN109334857B (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2024-04-12 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Bubble wake flow reduction device for water surface ship |
| CN112973383A (en) * | 2019-12-14 | 2021-06-18 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Underwater fuel cell tail gas discharge system |
| CN112730308B (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2022-11-22 | 东风汽车股份有限公司 | Device and method for testing tail gas components of whole vehicle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1150571A (en) * | 1995-10-12 | 1997-05-28 | 武汉市武昌科力工程技术公司 | Infrared stealth exhaust system for main engine of medium and high-speed ship |
| US5700172A (en) * | 1996-01-18 | 1997-12-23 | Ray Industries, Inc. | Submerged marine exhaust system |
| US5820426A (en) * | 1997-02-21 | 1998-10-13 | Brunswick Corporation | Exhaust system for personal watercraft |
| DE19723997B4 (en) * | 1997-06-06 | 2005-11-03 | Blohm + Voss Gmbh | Exhaust system for seagoing vessels, preferably for military purposes |
| US6010380A (en) * | 1999-08-09 | 2000-01-04 | Wollard; Donald L. | Marine exhaust vented forward of propeller hub |
| US9180939B2 (en) * | 2008-01-17 | 2015-11-10 | Dale C. Barr | Systems and methods for watercraft having marine environment enhancement capability |
| EP2408664B1 (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2018-05-02 | AB Volvo Penta | A method and system for controlling the exhaust gases from an engine |
| CN204514567U (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-29 | 中国人民解放军91439部队 | A kind of Ship Bubbles Wake field laboratory simulation device |
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Inventor after: Zhang Zhiyou Inventor after: Yuan Zhijiang Inventor after: Jiang Xiaogang Inventor after: Tian Hengdou Inventor after: Wang Yong Inventor after: Ai Wei Inventor after: Chen Mingrong Inventor after: Jin Liangan Inventor after: Chi Wei Inventor before: Jin Liangan Inventor before: Chi Wei Inventor before: Yuan Zhijiang Inventor before: Zhang Zhiyou Inventor before: Tian Hengdou Inventor before: Wang Yong Inventor before: Ai Wei Inventor before: Chen Mingrong Inventor before: Jiang Xiaogang |
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Effective date of registration: 20201014 Address after: 116018 No. 667, Zhongshan, Dalian District, Liaoning, Jiefang Road Applicant after: PLA DALIAN NAVAL ACADEMY Address before: 116018 No. 667, Zhongshan, Dalian District, Liaoning, Jiefang Road Applicant before: Jin Liangan |
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