CN107657140A - A kind of construction method of Hericium erinaceus quality monitoring system - Google Patents
A kind of construction method of Hericium erinaceus quality monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of construction method of Hericium erinaceus quality monitoring system, comprise the following steps：(1) the Hericium erinaceus index of quality of selection measure, is accordingly determined；(2) preliminary screening is carried out to all measurable Hericium erinaceus index of quality using the coefficient of variation, selects the index of quality of the coefficient of variation more than 15% as the primary election index of quality；(3) carry out sieve to primary election index using principal component analytical method to subtract, determine the core index of quality；(4) by the core index of quality is initialized, positiveization and normalized, comprehensive score is calculated after determining indices weight, builds Quantitative Monitoring system.Using above method, the comprehensive score of various Hericium erinaceus products or intermediate products can be easily calculated, the integrated quality of Quantitative Monitoring Hericium erinaceus, grasps influence of each production link to Hericium erinaceus quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Hericium erinaceus production technical field, particularly relates to a kind of Hericium erinaceus quality monitoring system.
Background technology
Hericium erinaceus (Hericium erinaceus), also known as Hericium erinaceus, hedgehog bacterium or cauliflower bacterium etc., it is a kind of large-scale true
Bacterium, category Basidiomycota, Basidiomycetes, hedgehog hydnum Zoopagales, hedgehog hydnum Cordycepps, Hericium.Because its fructification shape is as monkey head, face
Color yellowish-brown, as monkey hair, and " hedgehog hydnum " is named, is rare dietotherapeutic bacterium.Hericium erinaceus include abundant protein (including
Several amino acids), fat, polysaccharide etc., there is liver-protecting and stomach-protecting, hypoglycemic, protection nerve, enhancing body immunity, anticancer, antioxygen
Change and other effects.
Hericium erinaceus quality is that Hericium erinaceus produces most important economic indicator, and the important ring of excellent Hericium erinaceus breed breeding
Section.The Hericium erinaceus kind of different regions cultivation at present is different, when carrying out the work of Hericium erinaceus breed breeding mostly with fructification shape
Shape, yield etc. are used as screening index, cause the integrated quality of Hericium erinaceus to differ greatly, thus establish a kind of practical Hericium erinaceus product
Matter monitoring system, the excellent Hericium erinaceus kind of seed selection integrated quality have turned into the active demand of Hericium erinaceus industry development.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is hedgehog hydnum it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of construction method of Hericium erinaceus quality monitoring system
Easy, practical monitoring system is established in mushroom breed breeding and cultivation production.
Based on above-mentioned purpose, the construction method of Hericium erinaceus quality monitoring system provided by the invention, comprise the following steps：
(1) select moisture, content of ashes, crude fiber content, crude fat content, crude protein content, Thick many candies content,
Tetradecylic acid content, pentadecanoic acid content, hexadecylic acid content, stearic acid content, linoleic acid content, oleic acid content, anti-vaccenic acid
Acid content, unsaturated fatty acid content, saturated fatty acid content, aspartate content, threonine content, serine content, paddy
Histidine content, proline content, Glycine Levels, alanine content, cysteine content, valine content, methionine content,
Isoleucine content, leucine content, tyrosine content, phenylalanine content, lysine content, histidine content, arginine
Content, essential amino acids content, Fresh ear field content, calcium content, content of magnesium, chromium content, manganese content, iron content, cobalt content,
Nickel content, copper content, Zn content, content of strontium, total phenol content, general flavone content and Quantitative Determination of Ergosterol are as measurable hedgehog hydnum
The mushroom index of quality, is accordingly determined；
(2) preliminary screening is carried out to all measurable Hericium erinaceus index of quality using the coefficient of variation, selects the coefficient of variation
The index of quality more than 15% is as the primary election index of quality；
(3) carry out sieve to primary election index using principal component analytical method to subtract, determine the core index of quality；
(4) by the core index of quality is initialized, positiveization and normalized, determine to calculate after indices weight comprehensive
Score is closed, builds Quantitative Monitoring system.
The described coefficient of variation and principal component analysis is calculated with the business softwares of SPSS for Windows Ver 13.0.
It is described sieve is carried out to primary election index using principal component analytical method to subtract, the contribution rate of accumulative total requirement of selected principal component
Not less than 90%.
The initial method of the described core index of quality between each core quality index values and ideal value distance it is absolute
Value：
Wherein, xi' it is initialization result, xiFor the value of each core index of quality, x0For the ideal of each core index of quality
Value.
The forward directionization of the described core index of quality and method for normalizing are：
Wherein, XiFor standardized index, x'i maxFor the maximum of each index of quality initialization result.
Described comprehensive score (Y) is calculated as follows：
Wherein, XiFor forward directionization and normalization result, WiFor the weight of each core index of quality.
The determination method of described core index of quality weight is by establishing judgment matrix and examining whether its consistency accords with
Close and require.
Using method described above, the Quantitative Monitoring system of Hericium erinaceus can be readily obtained, Quantitative Monitoring Hericium erinaceus
Integrated quality, grasp influence of each production link to Hericium erinaceus quality.
Embodiment
For the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, to this hair
Bright further description.
The construction method of Hericium erinaceus quality monitoring system, comprises the following steps：
(1) select moisture, content of ashes, crude fiber content, crude fat content, crude protein content, Thick many candies content,
Tetradecylic acid content, pentadecanoic acid content, hexadecylic acid content, stearic acid content, linoleic acid content, oleic acid content, anti-vaccenic acid
Acid content, unsaturated fatty acid content, saturated fatty acid content, aspartate content, threonine content, serine content, paddy
Histidine content, proline content, Glycine Levels, alanine content, cysteine content, valine content, methionine content,
Isoleucine content, leucine content, tyrosine content, phenylalanine content, lysine content, histidine content, arginine
Content, essential amino acids content, Fresh ear field content, calcium content, content of magnesium, chromium content, manganese content, iron content, cobalt content,
Nickel content, copper content, Zn content, content of strontium, total phenol content, general flavone content and Quantitative Determination of Ergosterol are as measurable hedgehog hydnum
The mushroom index of quality, is accordingly determined；
(2) preliminary screening is carried out to all measurable Hericium erinaceus index of quality using the coefficient of variation, selects the coefficient of variation
The index of quality more than 15% is as the primary election index of quality；
(3) carry out sieve to primary election index using principal component analytical method to subtract, determine the core index of quality；
(4) by the core index of quality is initialized, positiveization and normalized, determine to calculate after indices weight comprehensive
Score is closed, builds Quantitative Monitoring system.
The described coefficient of variation and principal component analysis is calculated with the business softwares of SPSS for Windows Ver 13.0.
It is described sieve is carried out to primary election index using principal component analytical method to subtract, the contribution rate of accumulative total requirement of selected principal component
Not less than 90%.
The initial method of the described core index of quality between each core quality index values and ideal value distance it is absolute
Value：
Wherein, xi' it is initialization result, xiFor the value of each core index of quality, x0For the ideal of each core index of quality
Value.
The forward directionization of the described core index of quality and method for normalizing are：
Wherein, XiFor standardized index, x'i maxFor the maximum of each index of quality initialization result.
Described comprehensive score (Y) is calculated as follows：
Wherein, XiFor forward directionization and normalization result, WiFor the weight of each core index of quality.
The determination method of described core index of quality weight is by establishing judgment matrix and examining whether its consistency accords with
Close and require.
Embodiment 1
In order to build the monitoring system of northeast Hericium erinaceus, the Hericium erinaceus (kind 1-5) of 5 different cultivars is acquired respectively,
The measurable Hericium erinaceus index of quality for determining each kind contains including moisture, content of ashes, crude fiber content, crude fat
Amount, crude protein content, Thick many candies content, tetradecylic acid content, pentadecanoic acid content, hexadecylic acid content, stearic acid content, linoleic acid
Content, oleic acid content, elaidic acid content, unsaturated fatty acid content, saturated fatty acid content, aspartate content,
Threonine content, serine content, content of glutamic acid, proline content, Glycine Levels, alanine content, cysteine contain
Amount, valine content, methionine content, isoleucine content, leucine content, tyrosine content, phenylalanine content, bad ammonia
Acid content, histidine content, arginine content, essential amino acids content, Fresh ear field content, calcium content, content of magnesium, chromium contain
Amount, manganese content, iron content, cobalt content, nickel content, copper content, Zn content, content of strontium, total phenol content, general flavone content and ergot
Sterol content.Preliminary screening is carried out to all measurable Hericium erinaceus index of quality using the coefficient of variation, it is big to select the coefficient of variation
In 15% the index of quality as the primary election index of quality.The measurable index of quality correlation analysis of comprehensive analysis Hericium erinaceus shows
Show：In 1176 coefficient correlations the level of α=0.05 exist significant correlation for 98, α=0.01 it is horizontal exist it is notable
Correlation for 141, significant correlation is not present between most of index of quality.Content of ashes and unsaturated fatty acid content,
Higher positive between content of magnesium, manganese content, iron content, cobalt content, nickel content, general flavone content and Quantitative Determination of Ergosterol be present
Close；Higher positive correlation be present with cobalt content, copper content, Zn content in crude fiber content；Crude fat content and chromium content exist compared with
High positive correlation, and higher negative correlation be present with general flavone content；Deposited between various amino acid and between various aliphatic acid
In higher positive correlation.
The selection with reference at the beginning of the coefficient of variation of each index of quality between 11 strains and correlation analysis result filter out 38
Matter index：Moisture, content of ashes, crude fiber content, crude fat content, polyoses content, crude protein content, aspartic acid contain
Amount, threonine content, serine content, content of glutamic acid, proline content, Glycine Levels, alanine content, cysteine
Content, valine content, methionine content, Ile content, tyrosine content, phenylalanine content, lysine
Content, histidine content, arginine content, essential amino acids content, contain in Fresh ear field content, calcium content, content of magnesium, chromium
Amount, manganese content, iron content, cobalt content, nickel content, copper content, Zn content, content of strontium, total phenol content, general flavone content, ergot
Sterol content.
With the primary election index of quality, principal component analysis is carried out, core evaluation index is finally determined according to principal component analysis result
The index of quality that represents of first principal component contains as threonine content, serine content, Glycine Levels, isoleucine
Amount, essential amino acids content and in Fresh ear field content.Threonine, isoleucine belong to essential amino acid, and glycine belongs to
In Fresh ear field.Consider inter-variety variance coefficient magnitude and the convenience of experiment, select index of quality essential amino acid
(threonine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, lysine) content, in Fresh ear field (glutamic acid, sweet ammonia
Acid, alanine, aspartic acid) and serine content as first principal component.
Second principal component, main representative content of magnesium, manganese content, iron content and Quantitative Determination of Ergosterol, the coefficient of variation between its strain
Respectively 26.71%, 35.08%, 43.08% and 38.60%, and extremely significant correlation between each index be present.Ergosterol
Content is related to Hericium erinaceus antiinflammatory action, and metal element content is also closely related with the quality of Hericium erinaceus.Consider quality to refer to
Correlation between target importance content, load and the index of quality in principal component, select content of magnesium, manganese content, iron and ergot
Sterol is as Second principal component,.
3rd principal component main representative hericium erinaceum polysaccharide content and copper content, its coefficient of variation are respectively
31.25% and 43.53%.Hericium erinaceum polysaccharide is the main active of Hericium erinaceus, and metal element content is also bacterium
The important quality indicator of class, thus hericium erinaceum polysaccharide content and copper content are selected collectively as the 3rd principal component.
4th principal component main representative crude fat content and calcium content, its coefficient of variation are respectively 48.37% He
34.94%.Hericium erinaceus unsaturated fatty acid content accounts for more than 50%, has significant physiological function, calcium content is for Hericium erinaceus
Quality there is material impact, thus consider the importance of the coefficient of variation and the index of quality, select crude fat content and calcium
Content is collectively as the 4th principal component.
The information of 5th principal component main representative cysteine content, tyrosine and general flavone, its coefficient of variation are respectively
26.92%th, 18.43% and 81.37%, the coefficient of variation is larger, collectively as the 5th principal component.
In summary, the core index of quality of Hericium erinaceus quality monitoring system is：It is threonine content, valine content, different
Leucine content, leucine content, phenylalanine content, lysine content, content of glutamic acid, Glycine Levels, alanine contain
Amount, aspartate content, serine content, cysteine content, tyrosine content, content of magnesium, manganese content, iron content, calcium contain
Amount, copper content, Quantitative Determination of Ergosterol, hericium erinaceum polysaccharide content, crude fat content and general flavone content.Thus by this several core
Representative composition of the index as different level of evaluation, establish the standards system of quality monitoring.
Embodiment 2 builds Quantitative Monitoring system
Different dimensions and the order of magnitude be present in the core index of quality, in order to exclude because the unit of indices is different and
Influenceed caused by greatly different difference between the order of magnitude, it is necessary to carry out the standardization of evaluation index.
Ideal value (the x of each core index of quality is determined first0Table 1).Wherein amino acid content, Quantitative Determination of Ergosterol, monkey
Head mushroom polyoses content, general flavone content and crude fat content are positive index, and measured value is the bigger the better；Calcium content, content of magnesium, iron
Content and copper content are neutral index, and wherein calcium catalyst value is 110.54 × 10-3It is ideal near milligrams per gram dry weight；Magnesium
Measured value 557.16 × 10-3Ideal near milligrams per gram dry weight, the measured value of iron is 31.54 × 10-3Milligrams per gram is done
Weight is ideal nearby, and Cupper determination value is 6.33 × 10-3It is ideal near milligrams per gram dry weight.
Each index of quality ideal value (unit of table 1：Milligrams per gram dry weight)
Initialization：To eliminate the influence of different dimensions and the order of magnitude to quality evaluation, 17 index of quality are carried out initial
Change, the absolute value of initial method distance between each quality index values and ideal value：
Forward directionization and normalization：Each quality index values scope by initialization is xi' >=0, needed for convenience of overall merit
Its positiveization is handled, while to avoid influence of the varying number level to overall merit, it is necessary to which it is normalized.It is positive
Change and method for normalizing is：
The core index of quality is after normalization, in order to show different indexs to the importance of overall merit it needs to be determined that each
The weight coefficient of individual core index.The determination method of weight is to establish judgment matrix and examine whether its consistency meets the requirements.
Judgment matrix (table 2), which is established, with 1-9 proportion quotiety methods calculates each index weights wi.Wherein X1Threonine content, X2Valine contains
Amount, X3Isoleucine content, X4Leucine content, X5Phenylalanine content, X6Lysine content, X7Content of glutamic acid, X8Sweet ammonia
Acid content, X9Alanine content, X10Aspartate content, X11Serine content, X12Cysteine content, X13Tyrosine content,
X14Hericium erinaceum polysaccharide content, X15Quantitative Determination of Ergosterol, X16General flavone content, X17Content of magnesium, X18Manganese content, X19Iron content, X20
Calcium content, X21Copper content, X22Crude fat content.The implication of proportion quotiety numeral is each index of quality relative importance：1 represents i
Factor is identical with the influence of j factors；3 represent that i factors are slightly stronger than the influence of j factor；5 represent that i factors are stronger than the influence of j factor；7
Represent that i factors are substantially stronger than the influence of j factor；9 represent that i factors are definitely stronger than the influence of j factor；2,4,6,8 represent i factors with
The ratio between influence of j factors is between above-mentioned 2 adjacent ranks；1/2,1/3 ... ..., 1/9 represent j factors and i factors influence it
Than for aji, aji=1/aij。
The judgment matrix of table 2
Product (the M of each row element of judgment matrixi)
MiN th Roots Wi
Calculate judgment matrix Maximum characteristic root λmax
Test and judge matrix uniformity, illustrate that judgment matrix has satisfied uniformity, draw the weight of each index of quality
(table 3).
Each index of quality weight of table 3
The index of quality by screening obtains 0≤X by initialization, forward directionization and normalizationi≤ 1 standardized index；
Each index of quality weight is determined using judgment matrix in AHP；Comprehensive score (Y) is calculated after determining indices weight
For each standardized index and corresponding index weight plus and, structure Quantitative Monitoring system.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of construction method of Hericium erinaceus quality monitoring system, comprises the following steps：
(1) moisture, content of ashes, crude fiber content, crude fat content, crude protein content, Thick many candies content, 14 are selected
Acid content, pentadecanoic acid content, hexadecylic acid content, stearic acid content, linoleic acid content, oleic acid content, elaidic acid contain
Amount, unsaturated fatty acid content, saturated fatty acid content, aspartate content, threonine content, serine content, glutamic acid
It is content, proline content, Glycine Levels, alanine content, cysteine content, valine content, methionine content, different bright
Histidine content, leucine content, tyrosine content, phenylalanine content, lysine content, histidine content, arginine content,
Essential amino acids content, Fresh ear field content, calcium content, content of magnesium, chromium content, manganese content, iron content, cobalt content, nickel contain
Amount, copper content, Zn content, content of strontium, total phenol content, general flavone content and Quantitative Determination of Ergosterol are as measurable Hericium erinaceus product
Matter index, is accordingly determined；
(2) preliminary screening is carried out to all measurable Hericium erinaceus index of quality using the coefficient of variation, selects the coefficient of variation and be more than
15% index of quality is as the primary election index of quality；
(3) carry out sieve to primary election index using principal component analytical method to subtract, determine the core index of quality；
(4) by the core index of quality is initialized, positiveization and normalized, determine to calculate after indices weight comprehensive
Point, build Quantitative Monitoring system.
2. the construction method of Hericium erinaceus quality monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described variation lines
Number and principal component analysis are calculated with the business softwares of SPSS for Windows Ver 13.0.
3. the construction method of Hericium erinaceus quality monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described utilizes master
Component analyzing method carries out sieve to primary election index and subtracted, and the contribution rate of accumulative total requirement of selected principal component is not less than 90%.
4. the construction method of Hericium erinaceus quality monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described core product
The absolute value of the initial method of matter index distance between each core quality index values and ideal value：
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Wherein, xi' it is initialization result, xiFor the value of each core index of quality, x0For the ideal value of each core index of quality.
5. the construction method of Hericium erinaceus quality monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described core product
The forward directionization of matter index and method for normalizing are：
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Wherein, XiFor standardized index, x'i maxFor the maximum of each index of quality initialization result.
6. the construction method of Hericium erinaceus quality monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described comprehensive
(Y) is divided to be calculated as follows：
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Wherein, XiFor forward directionization and normalization result, WiFor the weight of each core index of quality.
7. the construction method of the Hericium erinaceus quality monitoring system according to claim 1 or 6, it is characterised in that described core
The determination method of heart index of quality weight is by establishing judgment matrix and examining whether its consistency meets the requirements.
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