CN107656564B - Agricultural greenhouse internal environment control device - Google Patents
Agricultural greenhouse internal environment control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107656564B CN107656564B CN201710617196.2A CN201710617196A CN107656564B CN 107656564 B CN107656564 B CN 107656564B CN 201710617196 A CN201710617196 A CN 201710617196A CN 107656564 B CN107656564 B CN 107656564B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
- G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for reducing the labor of setting target temperature for userAn agricultural greenhouse internal environment control device which enables a user who has little knowledge of plant growth and programmed literacy to set an accurate agricultural greenhouse temperature. At least having a sunshine amount measuring unit for measuring sunshine amount and measuring CO2CO concentration2A concentration measuring unit, and an input unit for inputting the target maximum temperature, the target minimum temperature, and one or more target temperature calculation coefficients, wherein the target temperature calculation unit calculates the concentration based on the target maximum temperature, the target minimum temperature, the solar radiation amount, and the CO2Calculating the coefficient of target temperature corresponding to the concentration value, and using the sunshine value and CO2And calculating the target temperature in the agricultural greenhouse by the correlation between the concentration value and the target temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to environmental control in an agricultural greenhouse.
Background
Target values of the temperature, humidity, and the like of the environment in the agricultural greenhouse are set by a user, and in order to achieve the set target values, there is an agricultural greenhouse environment control device that forms an environment optimal for crops by opening and closing an air ventilation window or operating a heater or a refrigerator.
In such a device, a device that controls the temperature in the temperature chamber to a desired value in each time zone based on a target value set for each time zone has been generally used up to now.
In other words, they are devices that control the target temperature in accordance with the time.
On the other hand, in the cultivation of crops, it is important to control a suitable temperature for the growth of the crop. The growth suitable temperature for the crop is a temperature at which the amount of sunlight is maximized in the presence of daytime sunshine, and the respiration amount is suppressed at night, and thus, physiological disorders are not generated and diseases are unlikely to occur.
Maximum luminous temperature based on the amount of sunlight and CO2The concentration is different. However, in the conventional agricultural greenhouse environment control system that controls the target temperature in accordance with the time, it is not considered that the amount of sunshine differs depending on the weather and the season even at the same time, and that CO is artificially added2Or to listen to a different actual CO2Since a constant target temperature is assigned according to the time of the crop concentration, the temperature may deviate from the optimum growth temperature of the crop, resulting in problems of retarded growth and reduced yield。
On the other hand, in order to solve these temperatures, there are some solar radiation amount and CO in addition to the time of day2An agricultural greenhouse environment control device of a type in which IF to THEN rule is set according to the concentration and a target temperature is determined by programming, requires very complicated settings for users such as agricultural producers, and is not able to be handled by general users.
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural greenhouse environment control device that reduces the effort of a user to set a target temperature and that enables accurate temperature setting in an agricultural greenhouse even for a user with little knowledge of plant growth and programmed literacy.
Means for solving the problems
The agricultural greenhouse environment control device of the present invention has a target minimum temperature, a target maximum temperature, a solar radiation coefficient, and CO in the greenhouse set by a user2Coefficients of these four parameters, the amount of sunlight and CO in the greenhouse2And a unit for automatically calculating the target temperature in the greenhouse according to the concentration.
Effects of the invention
Even a user with little knowledge about crop physiology and programmed literacy can set a target temperature in a greenhouse optimal for plant growth by a simple setting operation in a short time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of sunlight and the target temperature in an agricultural greenhouse environment control device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of sunshine and the target temperature in the agricultural greenhouse internal environment control device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a conversion table in the agricultural greenhouse environment control device according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of sunshine and the target temperature in the agricultural greenhouse internal environment control device according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of sunshine and the target temperature in the agricultural greenhouse internal environment control device according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a view showing an example of the installation of the environment control device in the agricultural greenhouse according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4;
fig. 7 is a diagram showing another example of the installation of the environment control device in the agricultural greenhouse according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4.
Detailed Description
The photosynthetic amount of plants is originally determined by the intensity of light and CO2The concentration and the temperature vary greatly.
As shown in 27 th page on page 169 of Dutch cultivation System and Integrated environmental control (1 Fang about 991.7 square meters) of Zhai Teng Chapter (Kaishi) Chenghe sum, average yield of 70t2The higher the concentration is, the temperature at which the maximum amount of light is obtained shifts to the high temperature side.
Similarly, the high CO of strawberry variety "TOCHIOTOME" in "Hetian Yi Chun, Tian Ye Long history, Rice leaf Happy and Male, light and temperature vs. incubation, semi-incubation cultivation2The effects of the accelerated photosynthetic rate of leaves at the concentration are also shown in the lower right page of page 8 of the 9 th graph of the Japanese society for crop study, No. 2, 2010, Vol.79, ("Rigaokai", strawberry cultivation in sunlight-utilizing plant factory, Ri.18 th Japanese strawberry forum, Integrated research institute of agricultural and food industries and technology "at page 82When the concentration is high, the temperature at which photosynthesis becomes maximum is shifted to the high temperature side.
On the other hand, since the consumption of carbohydrates by the respiration of plants increases exponentially with an increase in temperature, the consumption of carbohydrates by photosynthesis can be reduced by making the temperature as low as possible in the case of weak light, particularly in the nighttime when there is no light at all. (investigation of photosynthesis and temperature management in one day in Qingmu Hongshi (agricultural test farm in Qianye county))
However, when plants are lower than a certain temperature, low-temperature damage occurs or diseases are likely to occur, and thus the optimum temperature at night differs for each crop.
Therefore, the present invention provides a control device for inputting a night temperature, a coefficient of a target temperature with respect to an amount of solar radiation, a maximum temperature in the case where a sufficient amount of solar radiation is present, and CO for each crop2Concentration versus target temperature coefficient to consistently maximize photosynthetic yield of the crop and minimize consumption due to respiration, as well as maximize crop growth and yield under seasonal, varying meteorological conditions.
[ examples ]
< example 1>
The agricultural greenhouse environment control apparatus according to the present embodiment includes at least a solar radiation amount measuring unit for measuring a solar radiation amount, and a unit for measuring CO2CO concentration2A concentration measuring unit, and an input unit for inputting the target maximum temperature, the target minimum temperature, and one or more target temperature calculation coefficients, wherein the target temperature calculation unit calculates the concentration based on the target maximum temperature, the target minimum temperature, the solar radiation amount, and the CO2Calculating the coefficient of target temperature corresponding to the concentration value, and using the sunshine value and CO2And calculating the target temperature in the agricultural greenhouse by the correlation between the concentration value and the target temperature.
The following formulas (1), (2) are related to CO2The solar radiation amount coefficient and the maximum temperature in the case of sufficient solar radiation amount are changed in accordance with the concentration of (b).
Case (1) where T is a × L + T1T < T2
Case (2) where T2T is not less than T2
Here, L is the amount of solar radiation (kLx), and the other coefficients are the same as in table 1 below, and the calculation results are shown in fig. 1.
[ Table 1]
If the user of the environmental control device is in use of the CO2After the concentration is divided into a plurality of sections, the three parameters a, T1, and T2 are inputted, and the agricultural greenhouse environment control device can always automatically calculate the optimal target temperature corresponding to the amount of sunlight. The agricultural greenhouse internal environment control device controls opening and closing of ventilation windows of the greenhouse and controls the heater and the refrigerator so as to reach a target temperature. Each CO2The concentration parameters a, T1, and T2 are parameters determined in accordance with physiological characteristics of each crop, and are parameters that enable the understanding of the amount of sunshine and CO in the crop2Concentration and photosynthetic optimum temperature, and zero growth temperature.
The values of a, T1, and T2 are not limited to these values, and the numerical expressions are exemplary and relate to solar radiation and CO2The mathematical expression for changing the target temperature in accordance with the concentration is the object of the present invention.
In this manner, the agricultural greenhouse environment control apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a solar radiation amount measurement unit that measures the amount of solar radiation, and a CO measurement unit that measures CO2CO concentration2A concentration measuring unit, an input unit for inputting a target maximum temperature (daytime maximum temperature), a target minimum temperature (nighttime minimum temperature), and one or more target temperature calculation coefficients, and a target temperature calculating unit capable of calculating the concentration of CO based on the target maximum temperature, the target minimum temperature, the solar radiation amount, and the CO2Calculating the coefficient of target temperature (sunshine sensitivity) corresponding to the concentration value, and using the sunshine value and CO2And calculating the target temperature in the agricultural greenhouse by correlating the concentration value with the target maximum temperature and the target minimum temperature.
< example 2>
The agricultural greenhouse internal environment control device according to the present embodiment does not have CO2Measurement unit and method of measuring CO2The concentration measurement value is provided with a target temperature calculation coefficient corresponding to the concentration measurement value, and only an insolation amount measurement means and a target temperature calculation means based on the insolation amount value.
The following equations (3) and (4) are arithmetic equations for raising the target temperature by a value calculated by multiplying the nighttime temperature by the solar radiation amount coefficient as a y-axis intercept, and fixing the target temperature at the highest temperature when the maximum temperature is reached when sufficient solar radiation amount is present, using basic calculation equations.
Case (3) where T is a × L + T1T < T2
T (4) in the case that T2T is not less than T2
Here, L is the amount of solar radiation (kLx), and the other coefficients are the same as in table 2 below, and the calculation results are shown in fig. 2.
[ Table 2]
| Solar radiation sensitivity a (. degree. C./KLx) | Lowest temperature at night T1 (. degree.C.) | Highest temperature in the daytime T2 (. degree. C.) |
| 0.15 | 15 | 25 |
When the user of the environment control device inputs three parameters, a, T1, and T2, the agricultural greenhouse environment control device can always automatically calculate the optimal target temperature corresponding to the amount of solar radiation. The agricultural greenhouse internal environment control device controls opening and closing of ventilation windows of the greenhouse and controls the heater and the refrigerator so as to reach a target temperature. a. The parameters T1 and T2 are parameters determined according to the physiological characteristics of each crop, and are values that can be determined by grasping the relationship between the amount of sunlight and the photosynthetic optimum temperature of the crop, and the zero growth temperature.
The values of a, T1, and T2 are not limited to these values, and the expressions are examples, and all of the expressions that change the target temperature in accordance with the amount of solar radiation are the subject of the present invention.
As described above, the agricultural greenhouse internal environment control device according to the present embodiment includes a solar radiation amount measurement unit that measures the amount of solar radiation, an input unit that inputs the target maximum temperature (daytime maximum temperature), the target minimum temperature (nighttime minimum temperature), and the target temperature calculation coefficient, and a target temperature calculation unit that can calculate the target temperature in the agricultural greenhouse using the correlation between the solar radiation amount and the target maximum temperature and the target minimum temperature based on the target maximum temperature, the target minimum temperature, and the target temperature calculation coefficient (solar radiation amount sensitivity).
< example 3>
In the agricultural in-greenhouse environment control apparatus according to the present embodiment, the target temperature calculation unit uses the value based on the sunshine amount and the CO2The target temperature is determined by a target temperature conversion table of the concentration value.
The system designer of the environment control device in the agricultural greenhouse is provided with a control system for controlling the amount of sunlight and CO2A conversion table of concentration (parameter table X) (fig. 3), and the target temperature T is calculated for this table by the following formula (5).
T＝a×X+T1 (5)
Here, a is an arbitrary coefficient, 2.5 in the present embodiment, and T1 is the nighttime minimum temperature, 15 ℃ in the present embodiment. The calculation results are shown in fig. 4.
When the user of the agricultural greenhouse environment control device inputs two parameters, a and T1, the agricultural greenhouse environment control device can always automatically calculate the optimal target temperature corresponding to the amount of solar radiation. The agricultural greenhouse internal environment control device controls opening and closing of ventilation windows of the greenhouse and controls the heater and the refrigerator so that the temperature becomes the target temperature. After the crop is roughly classified into several categories, a table of parameters X is made as a table of general prevalence within the category. a. T1 these parameters are parameters determined in accordance with the physiological characteristics of each crop in the category, and are capable of grasping the amount of sunshine and CO in the crop2Concentration ofAnd photosynthetic optimum temperature, and zero growth temperature.
< example 4>
In the agricultural greenhouse environment control apparatus according to the present embodiment, the target temperature calculation unit uses each CO2The target temperature is determined as a function of the solar radiation magnitude of the concentration value and the target temperature.
The following formulas (6), (7) are based on CO2And a concentration value, which is calculated to calculate an operation formula of the sunshine amount coefficient and the highest temperature.
T＝a×L+T1＝(a0+b×(CO2Concentration-based CO2Concentration)) × L + T1
Case of T < T2 (6)
T＝T2＝T20+c×(CO2Concentration-based CO2Concentration)
Case where T.gtoreq.T 2 (7)
Here, L is the amount of solar radiation (kLx), and the other coefficients are the same as in table 3 below, and the calculation results are shown in fig. 5.
In addition, the reference CO2Concentration means in the absence of CO2CO observed in the daytime at the time of addition2The concentration, generally from 200ppm to 400ppm, of CO is defined as the reference2And (4) concentration. In this example, 300ppm was defined as the reference CO2And (4) concentration.
[ Table 3]
When the user of the agricultural greenhouse environment control device inputs five parameters, namely a0, b, c, T1 and T20, the agricultural greenhouse environment control device can always automatically calculate the optimal target temperature corresponding to the amount of sunlight. The agricultural greenhouse internal environment control device controls opening and closing of ventilation windows of the greenhouse and controls the heater and the refrigerator so as to reach a target temperature. Each CO2The concentration parameters a, T1, and T2 are parameters determined in accordance with physiological characteristics of each crop, and are parameters that enable the understanding of the amount of sunshine and CO in the crop2Concentration and photosynthetic optimum temperature, and zero growth temperature.
The values of a, a0, b, c, T1 and T20 are not limited to these values, and the numerical expression is an example of the values of a, a0, b, c, T1 and T20, and the amounts of insolation and CO2The mathematical expression for changing the target temperature in accordance with the concentration is the object of the present invention.
Thus, the target temperature calculation unit of the agricultural greenhouse internal environment control device according to the present embodiment utilizes each CO2The target temperature is calculated as a function of the solar radiation magnitude of the concentration value and the target maximum temperature and the target minimum temperature.
Fig. 6 is a view showing an example of installation of an environment control device in an agricultural greenhouse according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4, fig. 6(a) is a schematic configuration diagram, and fig. 6(b) is a schematic configuration diagram of a display screen.
As shown in FIG. 6(a), a solar radiation amount measuring unit 10 such as a solar radiation amount sensor is provided outside the multi-span greenhouse A, and CO is supplied to the greenhouse2Sensor and the like CO2The concentration measuring unit 20 is disposed in the multi-span greenhouse a. Input means (not shown) such as buttons, knobs, a keyboard, and a touch panel are disposed inside or outside the multi-span greenhouse a. Target temperature calculation means (not shown) such as a computer and an arithmetic device are disposed inside or outside the multi-span greenhouse a.
The environment control device in the agricultural greenhouse performs, based on the calculated target temperature in the multi-span greenhouse a, skylight ventilation control, circulation fan control, lower hem turning-up ventilation control, watering control, heater control, opening and closing control of the inner curtain, and the like.
Fig. 7 is a view showing another installation example of the agricultural greenhouse environment control device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4, in which fig. 7(a) is a schematic configuration diagram and fig. 7(b) is a schematic configuration diagram of an operation panel.
As shown in fig. 7(a), a sunshine amount measuring unit 10 such as a sunshine amount sensor is provided outside a tubular greenhouse (pipe house) B. As shown in fig. 7(B), the input means 30 such as a knob is disposed inside or outside the tubular greenhouse B. Target temperature calculation means (not shown) such as a computer and an arithmetic device are disposed inside or outside the tubular greenhouse B.
The environment control device in the agricultural greenhouse performs ventilation control of the shoulder window or the skylight, ventilation control of the side window, control of the shade, control of the air conditioner, control of the circulating fan, control of the watering device, control of the CO device based on the calculated target temperature in the tubular greenhouse B2Generating device control, etc.
Industrial applicability
The invention can be applied to the environmental control in agricultural greenhouses.
Description of the reference numerals
10 sunshine amount measuring unit
20 CO2Concentration measuring unit
30 input unit
A multi-span greenhouse
B-tube type greenhouse
Claims (2)
1. An agricultural greenhouse internal environment control device based on sunshine amount and CO2Concentration, calculating a target temperature in the agricultural greenhouse, characterized in that,
at least comprises a sunshine amount measuring unit for measuring sunshine amount, and a unit for measuring CO2CO concentration2A concentration measuring means and an input means for inputting a target maximum temperature for determining a maximum daytime temperature when a sufficient amount of solar radiation is present, a target minimum temperature for determining a minimum nighttime temperature, and a solar radiation sensitivity coefficient,
a target temperature calculation unit configured to calculate a value obtained by adding the target minimum temperature to a temperature obtained by multiplying the solar radiation amount sensitivity coefficient by the solar radiation amount measured by the solar radiation amount measurement unit when the target temperature is lower than the target maximum temperature,
the solar radiation sensitivity coefficient is determined by the CO2The CO measured by the concentration measuring unit2The higher the concentration, the larger the value.
2. The agricultural greenhouse internal environment control device according to claim 1,
from the CO2The CO measured by the concentration measuring unit2The higher the concentration is, the higher the target maximum temperature is made by the target temperature calculation unit.
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| JP2016146287A JP6573849B2 (en) | 2016-07-26 | 2016-07-26 | Agricultural house environment controller |
| JP2016-146287 | 2016-07-26 |
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| JP6788288B2 (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-11-25 | 株式会社オーガニックｎｉｃｏ | How to generate environmental data in the house |
| CN114740926B (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2023-07-25 | 百倍云(浙江)物联科技有限公司 | Intelligent greenhouse environment data processing method |
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| JPS5392229A (en) * | 1977-01-21 | 1978-08-12 | Hitachi Ltd | Surveying and controlling method of suitable circumstance for plant |
| DK152601C (en) * | 1985-03-21 | 1988-08-15 | Dansk Gartneri Tek As | PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS FOR CLIMATE CONTROL WHEN POLLING GREENHOUSE PLANTS |
| JPS6214729A (en) * | 1985-07-15 | 1987-01-23 | 株式会社東芝 | Environmental control apparatus of plant growing chamber |
| JP2014150759A (en) * | 2013-02-08 | 2014-08-25 | Atsushi Kano | Environment controlling system of facility cultivation |
| CN103987170B (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2015-12-02 | 西北农林科技大学 | Based on greenhouse tomato light filling regulate and control method and the system of growth model |
| CN104656451B (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2017-06-09 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 | A kind of closed system envirment factor optimization regulating method based on crop modeling |
| CN105446142A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-03-30 | 中国农业大学 | Greenhouse CO2 gas fertilizer increasing method, device and system |
| CN105638324A (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-06-08 | 安徽工程大学 | CO2 fertilization control system for greenhouse |
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