CN107653429A

CN107653429A - Accumulative pressure high frequency detonation-gun

Info

Publication number: CN107653429A
Application number: CN201610594617.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贾鹏
Original assignee: Beijing United Coating Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing United Coating Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-07-26
Filing date: 2016-07-26
Publication date: 2018-02-02
Anticipated expiration: 2036-07-26
Also published as: CN107653429B

Abstract

The present invention is a kind of accumulative pressure high frequency detonation-gun, and detonation frequency is 20 30Hz.Spray gun is made up of the part such as the first and second blenders, the first and second explosion chambers and rifle tube nozzle.Oxygen and propane are used as process gas, after being introduced into the mixing of the first blender, into the first explosion chamber, ignited after-explosion, volumetric expansion simultaneously produce pressure, pass through one of porous ring, into the second blender, secondary gas is imported again herein, it is blended to light, into the second explosion chamber explode, caused by pressure superposition, produce stronger blast wave and more high thrust, nozzle is rushed in, And closes powder, compressed, blast wave raises speed supercharging once again, high-speed punching delivery nozzle, forms coating.In addition to detonation-gun is as nucleus equipment, also the corollary equipment such as switch board, powder feeder and distributor box, these equipment belong to Beijing joint coating technology Co., Ltd's special configuration and manufacture.Whole systems carry out programme-control by computer programming.

Description

Accumulative pressure high frequency detonation-gun

Technical field

The present invention is a kind of accumulative pressure high frequency detonation-gun, is a kind of technique of thermal spraying, belongs to thermal jet in Surface Engineering Apply technical field.

Background technology

Plasma spray technology is an important composition in surface engineering technology.The technology has exceeded the development course of a century.Its Basic process is by thermal spraying material（Powder, silk or rod）By certain device, it is melted or semi-molten, then pushing away in air-flow Under dynamic, with very high velocity spray on the surface of workpiece, the coating with certain function is formed.According to material and spraying method Difference, coating performance can be with wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, high temperature resistant and other multiple functions.

According to thermal source or the difference of flame structure, thermal spraying can divided combustion flame-spraying, electric arc spraying, plasma spraying, quick-fried Fried spraying, HVAF and cold spraying etc..

Detonation flame spraying originates in last century mid-term, U.S. combinating carbide company and the academy of sciences of Ukraine of former Soviet Union priority Shen Patent is reported, since then, underwent for more than 60 years, improves less in performance, generally all use barrel type structure, one end is opened Mouthful, powder, air inlet are entered in one end, and acetylene is fed from side.

Oxygen and acetylene are used as process gas, gas lights blast after entering gun body mixing, and blast wave is taken same powder and gone out Gun barrel, coating, detonation frequency 2-10Hz are formed, each cycle includes four air inlet, compression, blast and exhaust steps, each Cycle will be cleaned with nitrogen.

In development in the future, some improvement are carried out to lance body structure, oxygen and fuel gas all enter from gun body one end, powder End enters from side, there is provided a blender and an explosion chamber, but the improvement of basic structure same.

Detonation flame spraying in actual applications, is especially widely used, mainly not as good as other methods not as good as HVAF Reason has three, first, author monopolizes time length to it, from outwards be unwilling to transfer the possession of or sell, second, equipment operation is dumb, grasps It is inconvenient to make, and can only construct in the horizontal direction, third, spraying rate is too slow, obtains certain coating layer thickness or area with much Time, while operating cost is higher etc..

The present invention be directed to some shortcomings and problem existing for existing detonation flame spraying equipment, a kind of accumulative pressure high frequency have developed Rate detonation-gun.

The content of the invention

Accumulative pressure high frequency detonation-gun core texture, including two blenders, two explosion chambers and a tubular nozzle.Work Skill gas（Propane and oxygen）There are two air inlets of beginning to introduce respectively, be sufficiently mixed through first of blender, into the first blast Room, by plug ignition, explode, explosive combustion product is mixed by the porous distribution rings together of end into second There are oxygen port and gas port in device, its side again, are filling into process gas, enter the second explosion chamber in the lump with combustion product, quick-fried again It is fried.Due to filling into secondary gas, explosion energy is bigger, and blast wave is stronger, rushes at the tubular nozzle of end.It is provided with nozzle tip Annular powder mouth together, powder are condensed into by powerful blast wave hence into nozzle and burst cloud, produced after being compressed by nozzle high Fast powder stream rushes at workpiece, forms coating.

In addition to above-mentioned detonation-gun, a full set of system also has electrical control cubicles, gas control cabinet, powder feeder and distributor box, with operation Program and technological parameter deployed to ensure effective monitoring and control of illegal activities, adjusted and controlled.

Brief description of the drawings

A, b, c in Fig. 1 represent the switch board to match with the present invention respectively（Cabinet containing gas control）, powder feeder and distributor box.

Fig. 2 illustrates the high frequency detonation-gun sectional view of the present invention, wherein：The explosion chambers of 1- first, the blenders of 2- first, 3- Spark plug, the blenders of 4- second, the explosion chambers of 5- second, 6- nozzles, 7- propane imports, 8- oxygen and air intlet, 9- oxygen inlets, 10- powder adds nitrogen, 11- cooling-water ducts.

Fig. 3 explosive flame patterns a- only adds pattern after powder with the first explosion chamber, b- with two explosion chambers, c-.

Fig. 4 detonation flame spraying actual motions a- sprays cylinder, b- spray planes.

Fig. 5 spraying metallographs a-Al₂O₃, b-WC10Co4Cr, c-Ti, d- multiple material coatings, wherein 5- matrixes（Ni Alloy）4-CoCrAlY, 3-ZrSiO₄, 2-Al₂O₃, 1-ZrB₂+MoSi₂。

Fig. 6 sprays a- iron-base workpieces in kind, b, c, d- titanium-based workpiece, e- aluminium base workpiece.

Embodiment

Oxygen and propane flammable gas are entered by the first mixer entrance, and pressure is respectively 0.2MPa and 0.4MPa.In the blender Exploded by plug ignition after-combustion.Explosive flame breaks through the porous distribution rings of one of ring-type after the explosion chamber, into second Burn mixing chamber, and converges second process gas here, and into the second explosion chamber combustion explosion again, explode combustion gas and nozzle The powder entered at beginning forms powder and bursts cloud, at a high speed into nozzle, is compressed again in nozzle, forms strong shock wave Nozzle is gone out, can finally powder is accelerated to 1200 ± 200m/s.

Spark plug open when, nitrogen, oxygen, air and propane, these four gases in the first and second blenders, according to Certain order and interval are opened, and provided with 8 steps, final step is powder feeding, subsequently into the stable operation depending on program State, all these steps are all to preset and include controllable program, and before igniting, control program is to cooling water and supply Flow and pressure and other parameters all carry out self-test and adjustment.

In normal operation on startup, the first and second explosion chambers are lighted, and are differed as 4 seconds, when frequency is 20Hz, Process gas is 0.05 second full of the cycle that explosion chamber sprays to combustion gas, and blast process and combustion product spray needs 0.01 second, from And the decompression cycle cycle of explosion chamber and nozzle is enough to ensure that explosion chamber has sufficient service life.In this way, explosion chamber can be made In low-pressure state, ensure process gas and the smooth infeed of powder.

The pressure and speed of combustion product, are the important indicator of blast process, on the other hand, needing to further illustrate.Using oxygen and Propane is process gas, and single explosion chamber and two explosion chambers are tested.

As a result show, during using single explosion chamber, caused pressure spike time span（Peak starts to end）For 0.3 milli Second, and its Mach of internode is 1209m/s away from the calculating speed for 26 ㎜, combustion product；When connecting two explosion chambers, pressure spike Time span is 0.43 millisecond, and pressure is 3.0 ± 0.15MPa, and Mach internode is away from being 1733m/s for 36 ㎜, combustion product speed. After spray gun is in stable state, after measured, the deposition efficiency of metal and Metal-ceramie powder is then up to 80%-90%, ceramic powder 60%-70%, process gas supply are：Propane 0.6-1.6m3/h, oxygen 3-8m3/h.The speed that metal powder forms coating is 3 ㎏/h, Metal-ceramie powder are then 2 ㎏/h, and ceramic powder is 1 ㎏/h.

It is not high using oxygen and the supply pressure of combustion gas, the service efficiency of gas is not only increased, and facility is operated, Equipment is safe for operation effectively.Gas transmission and powder feeding are connected by flexible conduit, spray gun is transported in horizontal, vertical or certain angle OK, can be arranged on any 3-D spraying car or sextuple manipulator.

Through actual measurement, the initial pressure supplied gas is 0.2-0.4MPa, using propane and the gaseous mixture oxygen of butane, through firing Pressure is up to 3.0 ± 0.15MPa afterwards, and the combustion product that now nozzle sprays is up to 1700 ± 100m/s.Because combustion product is released The heat put is relatively low, but is enough to ensure that in spray away from not growing（60-80㎜）In the case of the excellent coating of forming properties, both carried High deposition efficiency, turn avoid the oxidation and loss of material, and this feature makes the thickness of workpiece be reduced to 0.3-1.0 ㎜ feelings It can also be sprayed under condition, so as to extend practical application.Further analysis shows that a blast cycle, explosion product is with firing room The time of contact of wall is only 1.0 × 10^-3Second, it is minimum so as to be reduced to the intensity of cooling of explosion chamber and nozzle, simplify cold But system, cost is reduced.

Compared with currently applying HVOF technologies for many years in the industrial production, advantages of the present invention is very prominent：Particle Flying speed may be up to 1200 ± 200m/s, porosity<1%, all kinds of powder such as energy metal spraying category, cermet and ceramics, operation spirit It is living, it is easy to cool down, sprayable very thin workpiece, deposition efficiency is high, and degree of oxidation is low etc..

Another advantage of this fermentation is that power consumption is low with oxygen demand, by testing, in the case where obtaining same coating weight, Power consumption and gas consumption are all fewer than HVOF dosages.

Because gas consumption is few, waste gas and used heat are greatly decreased, and environmental hazard is reduced.

Spray example：Using spray gun of the present invention, spray WC12Co powder, produce 1000g coatings, to various gases, electric power and The consumption of consumable accessory, the contrast carried out with other spraying methods, is as a result shown in Table 1.As seen from the table, coating performance is being ensured While, operating cost substantially reduces.The metallograph of coating shows its good performance.

Table 1：The consumption of several spraying methods

Claims

A kind of 1. accumulative pressure high frequency detonation-gun, it is characterised in that：By two blenders, two explosion chambers and a set of tubular nozzle Composition, using oxygen and propane as process gas, enter the first explosion chamber after being mixed by the first blender, through spark ignitor after-explosion, One of porous ring is broken through in blast combustion gas, is exploded again into the second explosion chamber with certain high moderate pressure, blast wave pours pipe Shape nozzle, ring-type powder mouth is provided with nozzle tip, with combustion gas mixing of exploding under nitrogen drive, pours elongated tubular spray together Mouth, under the multiple-effect such as compressed in nozzle, chemical reaction, air-flow viscous motion and pressure superposition, powder flies out the speed of nozzle Up to above and below 1200m/s, beyond 3000 DEG C of flame temperature heating powder, make powder fusing or semi-molten, rapidly impact workpiece Surface forms coating.
2. the spray gun described in authority 1, it is characterised in that adjustable high-frequency：20-30Hz.
3. the spray gun described in authority 1, it is characterised in that it is made up of two blenders, two explosion chambers and a cast nozzle, Combustion product makes system pressure be superimposed and strengthened by blast twice in operation, so as to produce powerful combustion wave.
4. the spray gun described in authority 1, it is characterised in that use propane and oxygen as process gas, the infeed pressure point of oxygen and propane Not Wei 0.2 and 0.4Mpa, provide high density energy for system.
5. the spray gun described in authority 1, it is characterised in that supply, be all translation interface for powder, power supply and supply channel, by flexible pipe chain Connect, the comprehensive operating of spray gun, flexible and convenient operation can be made.
6. the spray gun described in authority 1, it is characterised in that each operation cycle is all continuous, without also being used in each cycle Nitrogen is rinsed, and saves the time, simplifies operation.
7. the spray gun described in authority 1, it is characterised in that high frequency explodes, and spraying interval is only the 1/20-1/30 seconds, accelerates coating Deposition velocity, improve production efficiency.
8. the spray gun described in authority 1, just because of thering are two blenders and twice to supply gas, and there are two explosion chambers, cause to spray Rifle gas mixing is abundant, fires strongly, blast wave high speed, high pressure and high temperature, makes powder moving speed up to 1200-1700m/s, Coating binding force is strong, and consistency is higher.