CN107651025B - Van-type truck carriage for express delivery transfer - Google Patents
Van-type truck carriage for express delivery transfer Download PDFInfo
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- CN107651025B CN107651025B CN201711082853.4A CN201711082853A CN107651025B CN 107651025 B CN107651025 B CN 107651025B CN 201711082853 A CN201711082853 A CN 201711082853A CN 107651025 B CN107651025 B CN 107651025B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D33/00—Superstructures for load-carrying vehicles
- B62D33/04—Enclosed load compartments ; Frameworks for movable panels, tarpaulins or side curtains
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/80—Packaging reuse or recycling, e.g. of multilayer packaging
Abstract
The invention relates to a van carriage for express delivery transfer, and belongs to the technical fields of logistics equipment and transportation. The carriage is provided with the upper locating hole (1) and the lower locating hole (2), and can be used for inserting and fixing the goods shelves (3), so that the displacement, collision and damage of the container (4) can be avoided. The goods shelf (3) can be controlled, carried and loaded and unloaded by a forklift or a mobile robot. The base (32) of the goods shelf (3) is provided with a longitudinal forklift hole (321) and a transverse fastening hole (322), so that the forklift and the mobile robot can be conveniently fastened, and toppling is avoided. According to the invention, the container (4) is clamped with the fixing rod (35) of the goods shelf (3), so that the stacking and fixing of the container (4) are facilitated, and the toppling can be avoided. The container (4) can be used as a turnover box, so that the loading and unloading times of express items can be reduced, and the damage probability is reduced. The containers (4) can be stacked in the same goods shelf (3), so that the sorting times of express items can be reduced, the express business process is optimized, and the efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a boxcar, and belongs to the technical fields of logistics equipment and transportation.
Second, background art
With the rapid development of electronic commerce, the amount of express traffic increases dramatically. The express service mainly comprises three processes of collection, transportation and dispatch. After the freight transportation reaches a destination city through aviation, railways and special lines, sorting is carried out, and then transfer is carried out through a box wagon in general; the delivery and delivery of the receiver can be performed through delivery of the courier only after 2 to 3 times of transfer of the express transfer station and the agent point. The express transfer stations and the agent points need to unpack, sort, pack and distribute step by step, namely transfer once and sort once. Due to the large traffic, the progressive unpacking, sorting and packing is cumbersome. At present, large-scale express delivery transfer stations all adopt express delivery automatic sorting system, and degree of automation is high, and letter sorting is efficient, and makes mistakes are few, but express delivery automatic sorting system investment is great. Some small express transfer stations and agent points still adopt manual sorting, so that the efficiency is low, the work is heavy, and errors are easy to occur. Express delivery pieces at an express delivery transfer station are packaged, and woven bags are generally adopted. Because the woven bags are flexible, in the unpacking, sorting and packing business links of the express transfer station, the express pieces are stressed unevenly and are stressed excessively locally, so that goods are easy to damage; of course, there are also express item collision factors for multiple sorting. Therefore, part of valuable and vulnerable parts cannot be shipped through an express company, the probability and degree of excessive packaging are increased, the express cost is increased, the resource waste is caused, and the environment is polluted.
In order to reduce damage to express items in unpacking, sorting and packing processes, express transfer stations and agent points generally adopt a transfer box and a transfer vehicle to temporarily ship the express items in a workplace. The turnover box is rigid, has a supporting function, can effectively avoid overlarge local stress of the express items, and can greatly reduce the damage probability of the express items. The surface layer of the express delivery piece is provided with flexible packages of corrugated board, foaming bags or air column bags, so that the express delivery piece is large in size, light in weight and reduced in density. Therefore, the multi-layer stacked express delivery turnover box is easy to topple over, the number of stacked layers is limited, the operation needs to be carefully and lightly put, and the operation is inconvenient. At present, in order to improve space utilization, some express delivery transfer stations and agent points adopt laminate shelves to temporarily store express delivery pieces and express delivery turnover boxes. The invention patent with the application number of 201310321454.4 provides a stacked logistics turnover box, which comprises a base, a turnover box body and a box cover, wherein the box body is stacked above the base, and reinforcing ribs are arranged on the bottom and the side surfaces of the box body, so that the occupied space is saved, and the problem that heavier goods are stacked to easily cause the turnover box to be cracked is solved. In order to save storage and transportation space, various folding type turnover boxes and turnover cages are currently available. The invention patent with application number 201210284701.3 provides a turnover box and a folding using method thereof, wherein the turnover box comprises side plates, a bottom plate and a top frame, is firm and stable, and is convenient to stack and fold.
Express delivery transfer is generally carried out among counties, cities, regions, villages and towns, the geographic range is small, box-type trucks are widely adopted for shipment, rain, snow, dust and sand damage can be avoided, and express delivery safety is ensured. At present, a box-type truck for express delivery transfer is generally manually assembled and disassembled; the labor consumption of workers is large, and the work is heavy. Due to physiological and psychological limitations and stress of people, express items are easy to damage, and rough handling is also sometimes caused. In order to improve the loading and unloading efficiency and improve the labor environment, various automatic loading and unloading improvement schemes of box trucks are proposed. The invention patent with the application number of 201210437463.5 provides an automatic loading and unloading logistics vehicle, wherein a tail plate system is arranged at the tail part of a carriage, and an automatic conveying system and a bundling system are arranged in the carriage, so that the automation degree of loading and unloading of cargoes is improved. The strapping system comprises strapping lines, tensioning lines and springs, which also do not completely avoid collisions and displacement of the goods in the event of severe vibrations and sudden braking of the truck. The automatic conveying system greatly increases the dead weight of the truck. The invention patent with application number 201710380256.3 provides a van for realizing automatic transportation, which comprises a van body and a box body. The box body is provided with the first conveying device and the second conveying device, field assembly is not needed, and the box body is suitable for shipment of large-scale cargoes and is not suitable for transfer of express items.
With the development of network technology and artificial intelligence, mobile robots are rapidly developed and widely used under the background of higher labor cost. The mobile robot consists of a sensor, a remote control operator and an automatically controlled mobile carrier, and has a mobile function, and greater maneuverability and flexibility. Mobile robots and Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) have been widely used for short distance transportation operations such as machine tool loading and unloading, stereoscopic warehouse palletizing, shop and dock cargo handling. The invention patent with application number 201610018620.7 provides a quick loading and unloading robot in a commercial logistics vehicle, which is provided with a moving mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a loading and unloading structure, and has high automation degree and advanced technology. The loading and unloading robot has large investment, and is difficult to popularize for some small express transfer stations and agent points which still adopt manual sorting.
Third, summary of the invention
The invention aims to improve the carriage of the van, adapt to express transfer business, improve the loading and unloading efficiency of express items and avoid the damage of the express items; and optimizing the express business process and improving the express transfer efficiency. The orientation described in this specification is based on a van: the normal running direction is the front, and the reverse direction is the rear. In fig. 3, the upper side is the front, and the lower side is the rear.
A van carriage for express delivery transfer is provided with an upper locating hole 1, a lower locating hole 2, a goods shelf 3, a container 4 and a container cover 5, as shown in figure 1. The upper positioning hole 1 is positioned on the ceiling of the carriage and fixedly connected with the framework of the carriage, is opened in the inner mask, and can be inserted into and fix the goods shelf 3 to avoid the goods shelf 3 from toppling over. The lower locating hole 2 is positioned on the floor of the carriage, is fixedly connected with the framework of the carriage, penetrates through the inner mask and the outer mask, and can be used for inserting and fixing the goods shelf 3 to avoid the displacement of the goods shelf 3.
The goods shelf 3 comprises a lower locating rod 31, a base 32, a middle upright 33, a rear upright 34, a fixing rod 35, an upper locating rod 36 and a caster 37, the goods shelf 3 is fixed relative to a carriage by inserting the lower locating rod 31 into the lower locating hole 2 and inserting the upper locating rod 36 into the upper locating hole 1, a container 4 can be placed on the base 32 and clamped by the fixing rod 35, the container 4 is prevented from being shifted, collided and damaged relative to the carriage in the transferring process, and express delivery safety is ensured. The base 32 can be controlled by a forklift or a mobile robot to drive the lower positioning rod 31 to enter and exit the lower positioning hole 2, drive the upper positioning rod 36 to enter and exit the upper positioning hole 1, and carry and load and unload the goods shelves 3, so that the existing manual loading and unloading mode is improved, the labor intensity of loading and unloading operation can be reduced, the efficiency is improved, and the labor environment is improved.
The packing box 4 is a cuboid-shaped non-cover rigid box body, an outer convex edge is arranged around an upward box opening, and a groove is arranged on the lower side of the outer convex edge, so that express items can be shipped, damage caused by excessive local extrusion of the express items can be avoided, flexible packaging of the express items in the transfer process is improved, and the safety of the express items can be ensured. The container 4 can be used as a turnover box in an express transfer station and an agent point, so that the loading and unloading times of express items can be reduced, and the damage probability is reduced. The packing box 4 can be stacked in the same goods shelf 3, so that express items can be conveniently classified, sorting times of the express items can be reduced, express business processes can be optimized, and express transfer efficiency can be improved. The packing box cover 5 is rectangular structure, and the joint is in the case mouth of stacking the top layer packing box 4 in same goods shelves 3, avoids express delivery spare to receive the infringement of rain, snow, dust and sand blown by the wind, also can avoid the express delivery spare unexpected to fall out, ensures express delivery spare safety.
The upper positioning hole 1 is a round blind hole, and the lower end of the upper positioning hole is provided with a rounding so as to facilitate the insertion of the upper positioning rod 36. The lower positioning hole 2 is a circular through hole, and the upper end of the lower positioning hole is provided with a rounding, so that the lower positioning rod 31 is convenient to insert. The radius of the rounding is not smaller than the aperture.
The pallet 3 comprises a lower positioning bar 31, a base 32, a center post 33, a rear post 34, a fixed bar 35, an upper positioning bar 36 and casters 37, as shown in fig. 2. The cross section of the lower part of the lower positioning rod 31 is circular, and can be inserted into the lower positioning hole 2, the cross section of the upper part is rectangular, and the left side surface is provided with a rack to control the lower positioning rod 31 to enter and exit the lower positioning hole 2.
The base 32 is of a rectangular plate-shaped structure, a longitudinal forklift hole 321 is formed in the front side surface and the rear side surface, a transverse fastening hole 322 is formed in the inner side surface of a longitudinal groove in the bottom surface, a transverse driving shaft 323 is formed in the inner side of the longitudinal groove, a friction wheel 324 is formed in the middle of the driving shaft 323, supporting plates 325 are formed in the inner side of the left side and the right side of the driving shaft 323, springs 326 penetrate through the driving shaft 323 on the outer side of the supporting plates 325, friction discs 327 penetrate through rope pulleys 328 on the driving shaft 323 on the outer side of the springs 326, cylindrical gears 329 penetrate through the driving shaft 323 on the outer side of the rope pulleys 328, quadrangular frustum-shaped bosses are formed in the left side and the right side of the upper surface, and the upper surfaces of the bosses are rigidly connected with the middle upright post 33 and the rear upright post 34. The cross section of the longitudinal forklift hole 321 is rectangular, and the fork feet of the forklift are inserted into and used for transporting the goods shelves 3, so that the goods shelves 3 can be prevented from toppling over in the transporting process. The cross section of the transverse fastening hole 322 is rectangular, and the transverse fastening hole is communicated with the longitudinal forklift hole 321, so that a mobile robot can conveniently enter the base 32 to be fastened with the goods shelf 3 in the longitudinal groove on the bottom surface when carrying the goods shelf 3.
The driving shaft 323 is of a cylindrical structure, external threads are arranged at the left end and the right end, nuts can be screwed in to fasten the cylindrical gear 329 and the rope pulley 328, the driving shaft is connected with the supporting plate 325 through bearings, penetrates through the friction disc 327 and the cylindrical gear 329 and is connected with the friction wheel 324 and the rope pulley 328 through keys, so that a forklift or a mobile robot can drive the rope pulley 328 and the cylindrical gear 329 to rotate through the friction wheel 324, the lower positioning rod 31 is controlled to enter and exit the lower positioning hole 2, and the upper positioning rod 36 is controlled to enter and exit the upper positioning hole 1. The friction wheel 324 has a disc-shaped structure, and is capable of pressing against an operation wheel of a forklift or a mobile robot, and receiving an operation driving force from the forklift or the mobile robot by friction force to rotate.
The support plate 325 is a longitudinal flat plate structure, and is fixedly connected with the base 32 body, and is connected with the driving shaft 323 through a bearing, so that the driving shaft 323 is supported and positioned. The spring 326 passes through the driving shaft 323, and is abutted with the supporting plate 325 at the inner side end and the friction disk 327 at the outer side end, so that the rope wheel 328 and the cylindrical gear 329 are pressed tightly and obtain rotation resistance, idle running is avoided, and the operation is convenient. The friction disc 327 is in a disc-shaped structure, and is abutted with the outer side end of the spring 326 to obtain axial compression force, so that the friction disc 327 compresses the rope pulley 328. The sheave 328 is a cylindrical sheave, and has radial ribs on the outer side and grooves on the circumference, and a wire rope 334 is fixed and wound in the grooves, so that the friction wheel 324 can operate the upper positioning rod 36 to enter and exit the upper positioning hole 1. The cylindrical gear 329 is provided with gear teeth on the circumference, is meshed with a rack of the lower positioning rod 31, can control the lower positioning rod 31 to enter and exit the lower positioning hole 2, is provided with radial grooves on the inner side, is matched with radial convex strips of the rope pulley 328, ensures circumferential positioning relative to the rope pulley 328, and is adjustable in circumferential position.
The middle column 33 is a vertical cylinder which is nested in a segmented way, a return spring 331 and a steel wire rope 334 are arranged in the middle column, a locking valve 332 is arranged on the outer side of the cylinder, a limiting cap 333 is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder, and the middle column is fixedly connected with the fixing rod 35 through a bent connecting rod to provide support for the fixing rod 35. The reset spring 331 is fixed to the cylinder of the middle column 33 through a radial pin at the lower end, penetrates into the upper positioning rod 36, and is fixed to the upper positioning rod 36 through a shaft shoulder at the upper end, so that the gravity action of the positioning rod 36 can be counteracted, the upper positioning rod 36 can be conveniently controlled to enter the upper positioning hole 1, and positioning reliability is ensured. The locking valve 332 comprises a circular sleeve and a radial hand tightening bolt, and radially penetrates through the wall of the middle column 33 cylinder to lock the nested segmented cylinder, so that the upper and lower positions of the fixing rod 35 can be adjusted. The limiting cap 333 is a circular cap structure with internal threads, and is matched with external threads at the top end of the cylinder of the central upright 33, and is provided with a central hole at the upper end, so that the upper positioning rod 36 passes out and limits the upper limit position of the upper positioning rod 36. The upper end of the steel wire rope 334 is hinged with the lower end of the upper positioning rod 36, the lower end is fixedly connected with the rope pulley 328 and is wound in a groove of the rope pulley 328, so that a forklift or a mobile robot can drive the rope pulley 328 through the friction wheel 324, and the upper positioning rod 36 is controlled to enter and exit the upper positioning hole 1.
The rear upright post 34 is a vertical cylinder which is nested in a segmented manner, is fixedly connected with the middle upright post 33 through a transverse rod, is fixedly connected with the fixing rod 35, and provides support for the fixing rod 35. The fixing rod 35 adopts a horizontally placed U-shaped round rod structure, so that the container 4 can be conveniently taken out and placed from the goods shelf 3, and is fixedly connected with the middle upright post 33 and the rear upright post 34 to obtain support and is clamped with the groove on the lower side of the outer edge of the opening of the container 4, and the container 4 is clamped and fixed relative to the fixing rod 35, so that the container 4 stacked on the base 32 is prevented from being toppled.
The upper positioning rod 36 has a segmented cylindrical structure and is divided into an upper section, a middle section and a lower section. The middle section of the upper positioning rod 36 has a larger diameter than the upper section, and the upper section of the upper positioning rod 36 has a larger diameter than the lower section. The upper positioning rod 36 is provided with a circular ring surface at the lower end of the middle section to form a shaft shoulder. The lower section of the upper positioning rod 36 penetrates into the return spring 331, has a radial through hole at the lower end, and is hinged with the steel wire rope 334 through the radial through hole. The middle section of the upper positioning rod 36 is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the cylinder of the middle upright post 33. The upper section of the upper positioning rod 36 passes through the central hole of the limiting cap 333 and is in clearance fit with the central hole, and can enter the upper positioning hole 1, so that the shelf 3 is fixed relative to the carriage. The caster 37 is located below the bottom surface of the base 32 and fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the base 32, and can support the shelf 3, so that the shelf 3 can move conveniently.
The container 4 is a cuboid rigid box without a cover and is used for shipping express items, an outer convex edge is arranged around an upward box opening, manual carrying and loading and unloading are facilitated, a groove is arranged at the lower side of the outer convex edge, and the groove is clamped with the fixing rod 35. The container 4 is provided with an inward concave step surface at the outer side of the bottom surface to form tenons, and the tenons can be inserted into the container openings of the container 4 stacked on the lower layer, so that mutual dislocation is avoided, and firm and reliable stacking is ensured. The container 4 is provided with longitudinal horizontal grooves on the left side surface and the right side surface, so that the container is convenient for carrying and loading and unloading by a forklift or a palletizing robot. The cargo box 4 is preferably of a collapsible construction for facilitating storage and transportation of empty boxes.
The mobile robot required for carrying and loading and unloading the goods shelf 3 can enter the longitudinal groove of the goods shelf 3 on the bottom surface of the base 32, the fastening rod can transversely extend out from the upper parts of the left side surface and the right side surface, and the upper surface of the top is provided with a horizontal jacking plate and an operation wheel. The fastening rod can transversely and horizontally extend out and enter the transverse fastening hole 322 of the base 32, so that the mobile robot can be fastened relative to the goods shelf 3, and the goods shelf 3 can be carried and detached. The lifting plate and the operating wheel can be lifted up to contact and lift the base 32 of the shelf 3. The operating wheel can be pressed against the friction wheel 324, and the friction wheel 324 can be driven to rotate.
The invention relates to an express delivery transfer method, which comprises the following specific steps: the first step, automatic grading sorting of express delivery is carried out in an express delivery transfer station in a transportation terminal city, and the weight, the length, the width and the height of the express delivery piece and the express delivery transfer route are recorded. The automatic hierarchical sorting of the express delivery is that the automatic sorting system of the express delivery takes the distribution speed and the quantity into consideration according to the planned transfer route and the traffic of the express delivery, and determines the sorting level number and the packing scheme by independent decision; one level corresponds to one transit. The sorted express items are packed into a container 4 by a packing robot according to the quantity, weight, length, width and height data of the express items and independently deciding to determine the packing position and sequence; and stacking the goods in the corresponding goods shelves 3 by the palletizing robot or forklift according to the express sorting data. The full pallet 3 is transported by the mobile robot to a waiting area for shipment.
And secondly, determining loading positions and sequences by the central control system of the express transfer station according to a planned express delivery scheme, transporting the fully loaded goods shelves 3 to a loading and unloading platform by a mobile robot, and entering a carriage through a carriage tail plate. The mobile robot carries the goods shelf 3 to the corresponding position according to the planned loading position, and drives the friction wheel 324 to rotate to control the lower positioning rod 31 to be inserted into the lower positioning hole 2 and control the upper positioning rod 36 to be inserted into the upper positioning hole 1, so that the goods shelf 3 is fixed relative to a carriage. Then, the mobile robot descends the lift plate and the operating wheel, withdraws the fastening rod from the lateral fastening hole 322, separates from the shelf 3, and leaves the carriage. The tail plate is packed up to full-load carriage, closes the carriage door after, and is transported to next express delivery transfer station.
And thirdly, after the fully loaded carriage reaches the next express transfer station, the fully loaded carriage approaches to the loading and unloading platform, the tail plate is put down, and the carriage door is opened. The mobile robot enters the carriage, enters the lower part of the base 32 of the goods shelf 3 to be dismounted, transversely horizontally extends out of the fastening rod, enters the transverse fastening hole 322 of the base 32, lifts the lifting plate and the operating wheel, drives the friction wheel 324 to rotate, controls the lower positioning rod 31 to move out of the lower positioning hole 2, controls the upper positioning rod 36 to move out of the upper positioning hole 1, jacks up the goods shelf 3, moves out of the carriage and completes the unloading process.
And fourthly, the central control system of the express delivery transfer station recombines the container 4 and the goods shelves 3 according to the planned express delivery distribution scheme, determines the loading position and the sequence, and loads the fully loaded goods shelves 3 into carriages by the mobile robot and continues to transfer.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the carriage is provided with the upper positioning hole 1 and the lower positioning hole 2, and the goods shelf 3 can be inserted and fixed, so that the displacement, collision and damage of the goods shelf 3 and the container 4 relative to the carriage in the express transfer process can be effectively avoided, the existing elastic fixing mode adopting ropes or springs is improved, and the safety of express items can be ensured. The base 32 of the goods shelf 3 can be controlled by a forklift or a mobile robot to drive the lower positioning rod 31 to enter and exit the lower positioning hole 2, drive the upper positioning rod 36 to enter and exit the upper positioning hole 1, and carry and load and unload the goods shelf 3, thereby improving the existing manual loading and unloading mode, reducing the labor intensity of loading and unloading operation, improving the efficiency and improving the labor environment. The base 32 is provided with a longitudinal forklift hole 321 and a transverse fastening hole 322, so that a forklift and a mobile robot can be conveniently fastened with the goods shelf 3 in the carrying process, and the goods shelf 3 can be effectively prevented from toppling over. The container 4 is provided with the outer convex edge around the upward container opening, so that the container is convenient to carry and load and unload manually; the lower side of the outer convex edge is provided with a groove, and the groove is clamped with the fixing rod 35 of the goods shelf 3, so that the stacking and fixing of the containers 4 are facilitated, and the stacked containers 4 can be effectively prevented from toppling over. The container 4 is used for shipping the express items, so that the damage caused by excessive local extrusion of the express items can be avoided, the flexible package of the express items in the transfer process is improved, and the safety of the express items can be ensured. The container 4 can be used as a turnover box in an express transfer station and an agent point, so that the loading and unloading times of express items can be reduced, and the damage probability is reduced. The packing box 4 can be stacked in the same goods shelf 3, so that express items can be conveniently classified, sorting times of the express items can be reduced, express business processes can be optimized, and express transfer efficiency can be improved.
Description of the drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the pallet 3; in the figure, the upper left side is a partial enlarged view of the part indicated by the arrow in a dotted line circle, and the lower left side is a partial left view of the part indicated by the arrow in a dotted line circle;
fig. 3 is a top view of the shelf 3.
Reference numerals illustrate: the upper locating hole 1, the lower locating hole 2, the goods shelf 3, the locating rod 31, the base 32, the longitudinal forklift hole 321, the transverse fastening hole 322, the driving shaft 323, the friction wheel 324, the supporting plate 325, the spring 326, the friction disc 327, the rope pulley 328, the cylindrical gear 329, the middle upright 33, the return spring 331, the locking valve 332, the limiting cap 333, the wire rope 334, the rear upright 34, the fixing rod 35, the upper locating rod 36, the caster 37, the cargo box 4 and the cargo box cover 5.
Fifth embodiment of the invention
The following describes the technical scheme of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the general structure of the present invention with an upper locating hole 1, a lower locating hole 2, a pallet 3, a cargo box 4 and a box cover 5. The framework, the cover plate, the vehicle door and the tail plate of the carriage are preferably formed by punching, welding, riveting and cutting of known carbon steel plates. The upper positioning hole 1 and the lower positioning hole 2 are round and are provided with a rounding, and are fixedly connected with the carriage framework. The upper positioning hole 1 and the lower positioning hole 2 are preferably formed by punching and cutting a carbon steel plate, and then are fixedly connected with a carriage framework preferably by welding.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the shelf 3, which includes a lower positioning rod 31, a base 32, a center pillar 33, a rear pillar 34, a fixing rod 35, an upper positioning rod 36, and casters 37. The lower part of the lower locating rod 31 is circular in cross section, the upper part of the lower locating rod is rectangular in cross section, the left side face of the lower locating rod is provided with a rack, and carbon steel bars are preferably subjected to hot forging and cutting forming.
The base 32 is in a rectangular plate structure, longitudinal forklift holes 321 are formed in the front side surface and the rear side surface, transverse fastening holes 322 are formed in the inner side surface of a longitudinal groove in the bottom surface, quadrangular frustum pyramid bosses are formed on the left side and the right side of the upper surface, and carbon steel plates are preferably punched and welded to form. The rigid connection to the center post 33 and rear post 34 at the upper surface of the boss is preferably welded. The base 32 has a transverse driving shaft 323 inside, a friction wheel 324 in the middle of the driving shaft 323, supporting plates 325 inside on the left and right sides, springs 326 passing through the driving shaft 323 outside the supporting plates 325, friction disks 327 passing through the driving shaft 323 outside the springs 326, a rope wheel 328 passing through the driving shaft 323 outside the friction disks 327, and a cylindrical gear 329 passing through the driving shaft 323 outside the rope wheel 328. The driving shaft 323 has a cylindrical structure, and external threads are arranged at the left end and the right end of the driving shaft, and preferably, a carbon steel bar is cut and formed. The friction wheel 324 is a disc-shaped structure, preferably a carbon steel plate that is hot forged. The support plate 325 is a longitudinal flat plate structure and is connected to the driving shaft 323 by a bearing, and is preferably formed by cutting a carbon steel plate. The support plate 325 is fixedly connected, preferably welded, to the base 32 body. The spring 326 passes through the drive shaft 323, and is preferably a known cylindrical coil spring, and is in contact with the support plate 325 at an inner end thereof and with the friction plate 327 at an outer end thereof. The friction disk 327 is a disk-shaped structure, preferably cast iron material, formed by casting. The sheave 328 is a cylindrical sheave with radial ribs on the outside and grooves on the circumference, preferably formed by hot forging of carbon steel sheet. The cylindrical gear 329 has gear teeth on the circumference, engages with the rack of the lower positioning rod 31, has radial grooves on the inner side, and is matched with radial convex strips of the rope pulley 328, preferably, is formed by hot forging of a carbon steel plate.
The central column 33 is a sectionally nested vertical cylinder with a return spring 331 and a wire rope 334 inside, a locking valve 332 on the outside surface of the cylinder, and a limiting cap 333 on the upper end, preferably a carbon steel tube, formed by cutting. The central upright 33 is fixedly connected, preferably welded, to the fixed rod 35 by a curved connecting rod. The bending connecting rod is preferably formed by right-angle bending of a carbon steel pipe. The return spring 331 is fixed to the cylinder of the central column 33 by a radial pin at the lower end, penetrates into the upper positioning rod 36, and is fixed to the upper positioning rod 36 by a shoulder at the upper end, preferably a well-known cylindrical coil spring. The locking valve 332 comprises a circular sleeve and a radial hand tightening bolt, and radially penetrates through the wall of the middle column 33 cylinder to lock the nested segmented cylinder, so that the upper and lower positions of the fixing rod 35 can be adjusted. The circular sleeve is preferably formed by cutting a carbon steel pipe. The limiting cap 333 is of a circular cap-shaped structure with internal threads, is matched with external threads at the top end of the cylinder of the central upright post 33, is provided with a central hole at the upper end, and is preferably formed by punching and cutting a carbon steel plate.
The rear upright 34 is a vertical cylinder which is nested in sections, and preferably a carbon steel pipe is formed by cutting. The rear upright 34 is preferably welded by a fixed connection of the transverse bar to the central column 33 and to the fixing bar 35. The fixing rod 35 adopts a horizontally placed U-shaped round rod structure, and is preferably formed by bending and welding a carbon steel pipe. The upper locating bar 36 is of segmented cylindrical configuration and is integrally formed, preferably of carbon steel bar stock, by hot forging and cutting. The casters 37 are located below the bottom surface of the base 32, preferably well known casters. The fixed connection of the castor 37 to the base 32 is preferably welded.
The container 4 is a cuboid non-cover rigid container body, an outer convex edge is arranged around an upward container opening, a groove is arranged on the lower side of the outer convex edge, an inner concave step surface is arranged on the outer side of the bottom surface to form a tenon, the tenon can be inserted into the container 4 opening stacked on the lower layer, and longitudinal horizontal grooves are arranged on the left side surface and the right side surface. The container cover 5 has a rectangular structure. The cargo box 4 and the cargo box cover 5 are preferably injection molded from an engineering plastic. The cargo box 4 is preferably of a collapsible construction. The foldable structure is preferably a turnover box folding structure disclosed in the patent application number 201210284701.3.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention. Under the condition of meeting the structural and performance requirements of the invention, the material and the manufacturing process are changed, and the method is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A van for express delivery transfer has locating hole (1), lower locating hole (2), goods shelves (3), packing box (4) and packing box lid (5), its characterized in that: the upper positioning hole (1) is positioned on the ceiling of the carriage, is fixedly connected with the framework of the carriage, is opened in the inner mask, and can be used for inserting and fixing the goods shelf (3) to avoid the goods shelf (3) from toppling over;
the lower positioning hole (2) is positioned on the floor of the carriage, is fixedly connected with the framework of the carriage, penetrates through the inner mask and the outer mask, can be inserted into and fix the goods shelf (3), and avoids the displacement of the goods shelf (3);
the goods shelf (3) comprises a lower locating rod (31), a base (32), a middle vertical column (33), a rear vertical column (34), a fixing rod (35), an upper locating rod (36) and a caster (37), wherein the goods shelf (3) is fixed relative to a carriage through the lower locating rod (31) inserted into the lower locating hole (2) and the upper locating rod (36) inserted into the upper locating hole (1), a container (4) can be placed on the base (32) and clamped and fixed by the fixing rod (35), the displacement, collision and damage of the container (4) relative to the carriage in the transferring process are avoided, and the safety of express items is ensured;
the base (32) can control the lower locating rod (31) to enter and exit the lower locating hole (2) through a forklift or a mobile robot, control the upper locating rod (36) to enter and exit the upper locating hole (1), and carry and load and unload the goods shelves (3), so that the labor intensity of loading and unloading operation can be reduced, and the efficiency can be improved;
the container (4) is a cuboid non-cover rigid box body and is used for shipping express items, so that damage caused by local excessive extrusion of the express items can be avoided; the container (4) can be used as a turnover box in an express transfer station and an agent point, so that the loading and unloading times of express items can be reduced, and the damage probability is reduced; the containers (4) can be stacked in the same goods shelf (3), so that express items can be conveniently classified, the sorting times of the express items can be reduced, the express business process is optimized, and the express transfer efficiency is improved;
the packing box cover (5) is of a rectangular structure, is clamped at the box opening of the top-layer packing box (4) stacked in the same goods shelf (3), prevents express items from being damaged by rain, snow, dust and wind sand, and can also prevent the express items from falling out accidentally.
2. A van for express delivery transfer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the lower part of the lower positioning rod (31) is circular, the lower positioning rod can be inserted into the lower positioning hole (2), the cross section of the upper part is rectangular, and the left side surface is provided with a rack;
the base (32) is of a rectangular plate-shaped structure, longitudinal forklift holes (321) are formed in the front side surface and the rear side surface, transverse fastening holes (322) are formed in the inner side surface of a longitudinal groove of the bottom surface, transverse driving shafts (323) are formed in the inner portion of the driving shafts (323), friction wheels (324) are formed in the middle of the driving shafts (323), supporting plates (325) are formed in the inner portions of the left side and the right side of the driving shafts, springs (326) penetrate through the driving shafts (323) on the outer sides of the supporting plates (325), friction discs (327) penetrate through the driving shafts (323) on the outer sides of the springs (326), rope wheels (328) penetrate through cylindrical gears (329) on the driving shafts (323) on the outer sides of the rope wheels (328), quadrangular frustum-shaped bosses are formed in the left side and the right side of the upper surfaces of the bosses and the middle columns (33) and the rear columns (34) are rigidly connected.
3. A van for express delivery transfer as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the cross section of the longitudinal forklift hole (321) is rectangular, and is used for inserting and carrying the goods shelf (3) by the fork feet of a forklift, so that the goods shelf (3) can be prevented from toppling over in the carrying process;
the transverse fastening hole (322) is rectangular in cross section and is communicated with the longitudinal forklift hole (321), so that the mobile robot can be conveniently fastened with the goods shelf (3) when carrying the goods shelf (3);
the driving shaft (323) is of a cylindrical structure and is in key connection with the friction wheel (324) and the rope wheel (328), so that the forklift or the mobile robot can drive the rope wheel (328) and the cylindrical gear (329) to rotate through the friction wheel (324), and the lower positioning rod (31) is controlled to enter and exit the lower positioning hole (2), and the upper positioning rod (36) is controlled to enter and exit the upper positioning hole (1);
the friction wheel (324) is of a disc-shaped structure, can be pressed with an operation wheel of the forklift or the mobile robot, and can be rotated by receiving an operation driving force from the forklift or the mobile robot;
the supporting plate (325) is of a longitudinal flat plate structure, is fixedly connected with the base (32) body and is connected with the driving shaft (323) through a bearing, so that the driving shaft (323) is supported and positioned;
the spring (326) is abutted with the supporting plate (325) at the inner side end and the friction disc (327) at the outer side end, so that the rope wheel (328) and the cylindrical gear (329) are pressed tightly and obtain rotation resistance, and the operation is convenient;
the friction disc (327) is of a disc-shaped structure;
the rope wheel (328) is a cylindrical pulley, a radial convex strip is arranged on the outer side surface, a groove is arranged on the circumferential surface, and a steel wire rope (334) is fixed and wound in the groove;
the cylindrical gear (329) is provided with gear teeth on the circumferential surface and meshed with a rack of the lower positioning rod (31), the lower positioning rod (31) can be controlled to enter and exit the lower positioning hole (2), a radial groove is formed in the inner side surface and matched with a radial convex strip of the rope pulley (328), and circumferential positioning of the rope pulley (328) is guaranteed.
4. A van for express delivery transfer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the middle column (33) is a vertical cylinder which is embedded in a segmented manner, a reset spring (331) and a steel wire rope (334) are arranged in the middle column, a locking valve (332) is arranged on the outer side of the cylinder, a limiting cap (333) is arranged at the upper end of the middle column, and the middle column is fixedly connected with the fixed rod (35) to provide support for the fixed rod (35);
the reset spring (331) is fixed with the cylinder of the middle column (33) at the lower end through a radial pin, penetrates into the upper positioning rod (36), is fixed relative to the upper positioning rod (36) at the upper end through a shaft shoulder, and can counteract the gravity action of the upper positioning rod (36) to ensure the positioning reliability;
the locking valve (332) comprises a circular sleeve and a radial hand tightening bolt, radially penetrates through the wall of the middle column (33) cylinder and is used for locking the nested segmented cylinder, so that the upper and lower positions of the fixing rod (35) are adjustable;
the limiting cap (333) is of a round cap-shaped structure and is provided with an internal thread, is matched with an external thread at the top end of the cylinder of the central column (33), is provided with a central hole at the upper end, so that the upper positioning rod (36) passes out and limits the upper limit position of the upper positioning rod (36);
the upper end of the steel wire rope (334) is hinged with the lower end of the upper positioning rod (36).
5. A van for express delivery transfer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rear upright post (34) is a vertical cylinder which is embedded in a segmented mode, is fixedly connected with the middle upright post (33) and is fixedly connected with the fixing rod (35), and supports are provided for the fixing rod (35).
6. A van for express delivery transfer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the utility model discloses a packing box, including base (32) and packing box (4), dead lever (35) adopt the U-shaped round bar structure that the level was placed, be convenient for packing box (4) take out and lay from goods shelves (3), with the recess joint of packing box (4) box mouth evagination edge downside for packing box (4) relative dead lever (35) card is solid, avoids stacking packing box (4) on base (32) to empty.
7. A van for express delivery transfer as in claim 4 wherein: the upper positioning rod (36) is of a segmented cylindrical structure and is divided into an upper section, a middle section and a lower section; the diameter of the middle section of the upper positioning rod (36) is larger than that of the upper section, and the diameter of the upper section of the upper positioning rod (36) is larger than that of the lower section; the upper positioning rod (36) is provided with a radial through hole at the lower end and is hinged with the steel wire rope (334) through the radial through hole; the upper section of the upper positioning rod (36) penetrates out of the central hole of the limiting cap (333) and can enter the upper positioning hole (1).
8. A van for express delivery transfer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the container (4) is provided with an outer convex edge around an upward container opening, so that the container is convenient to carry and assemble and disassemble manually, and a groove is formed in the lower side of the outer convex edge;
the container (4) is provided with an inward concave step surface at the outer side of the bottom surface to form tenons which can be inserted into the container openings of the container (4) stacked on the lower layer, so that mutual dislocation is avoided, and firm and reliable stacking is ensured;
the container (4) is provided with longitudinal horizontal grooves on the left side surface and the right side surface, so that the container is convenient for carrying and loading and unloading by a forklift or a palletizing robot.
9. An express delivery transfer method, which adopts the carriage as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, and is characterized in that:
firstly, carrying out automatic grading sorting on express delivery in an express delivery transfer station in a transportation destination city; the sorted express items are loaded into a container (4) and then stacked in corresponding goods shelves (3); the mobile robot conveys the full-loaded goods shelves (3) to a waiting area to wait for shipment;
secondly, determining loading positions and sequences by a central control system of the express transfer station, conveying full-loaded shelves (3) to a loading and unloading platform by a mobile robot, and entering a carriage through a carriage tail plate; the mobile robot carries the goods shelf (3) to the corresponding position, and controls the lower positioning rod (31) to be inserted into the lower positioning hole (2) by driving the friction wheel (324) to rotate, and controls the upper positioning rod (36) to be inserted into the upper positioning hole (1), so that the goods shelf (3) is fixed relative to the carriage; then, the mobile robot is separated from the goods shelf (3) and leaves the carriage; the full carriage is transported to the next express transfer station;
thirdly, after the fully loaded carriage reaches the next express transfer station, the fully loaded carriage approaches to the loading and unloading platform, the tail plate is put down, and the carriage door is opened; the mobile robot enters the carriage, enters the lower part of a base (32) of a goods shelf (3) to be dismounted, transversely horizontally extends out of a fastening rod, enters a transverse fastening hole (322) of the base (32), lifts a lifting plate and an operating wheel, drives a friction wheel (324) to rotate, controls a lower positioning rod (31) to move out of a lower positioning hole (2), controls an upper positioning rod (36) to move out of an upper positioning hole (1), jacks the goods shelf (3), moves out of the carriage and finishes the unloading process;
and fourthly, the central control system of the express delivery transfer station recombines the container (4) and the goods shelves (3) according to the planned express delivery distribution scheme, determines the loading position and sequence, and loads the fully loaded goods shelves (3) into the carriage by the mobile robot and continues to transfer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711082853.4A CN107651025B (en) | 2017-11-07 | 2017-11-07 | Van-type truck carriage for express delivery transfer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711082853.4A CN107651025B (en) | 2017-11-07 | 2017-11-07 | Van-type truck carriage for express delivery transfer |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107651025A CN107651025A (en) | 2018-02-02 |
| CN107651025B true CN107651025B (en) | 2023-05-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711082853.4A Active CN107651025B (en) | 2017-11-07 | 2017-11-07 | Van-type truck carriage for express delivery transfer |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN107651025B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108688936A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-10-23 | 上海鸿研物流技术有限公司 | A kind of carrier |
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| JPH07132770A (en) * | 1993-11-08 | 1995-05-23 | Shoji Jinbo | Working type load-carrying platform for cargo transport vehicle, cargo collapse preventing device attendant to load-carrying platform, and easy loading and unloading hand truck |
| CN103568918A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2014-02-12 | 王延斌 | Automatically loaded carriage |
| CN106828246A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-06-13 | 四川送到家科技有限公司 | A kind of special self-tipping type lorry of express delivery |
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