CN107647470B - Threshing and redrying processing method capable of simultaneously regulating and controlling structure of tobacco strips and stem content in leaves - Google Patents
Threshing and redrying processing method capable of simultaneously regulating and controlling structure of tobacco strips and stem content in leaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN107647470B CN107647470B CN201710817205.2A CN201710817205A CN107647470B CN 107647470 B CN107647470 B CN 107647470B CN 201710817205 A CN201710817205 A CN 201710817205A CN 107647470 B CN107647470 B CN 107647470B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco processing, and particularly relates to a threshing and redrying processing method capable of regulating and controlling a tobacco strip structure and regulating and controlling the stem content in leaves. The method is mainly completed through a tobacco flake structure control link which is added after threshing and peduncle removing, and the main technical thought is as follows: based on the prior threshing and redrying technical process, a tobacco flake structure control link is added after the threshing and stemming process, the finally required tobacco flake structure is taken as a target in the link, and the tobacco flakes after the threshing and stemming process are separated into three parts according to the size of the leaves and are respectively treated. The tobacco flake threshing device can effectively regulate and control the threshing tobacco flake structure according to the requirement of the tobacco flake structure, can remove the tobacco stems in the ultra-large tobacco flakes with high contribution degree to the cut tobacco flake stem content in a targeted manner, can avoid the repeated processing of qualified tobacco flakes, can reduce threshing and crushing as much as possible while effectively reducing the stem content, optimizes the tobacco flake structure, improves the flake discharging rate, and has the advantages of strong applicability, good applicability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco processing, and particularly relates to a threshing and redrying processing method capable of regulating and controlling a tobacco strip structure and regulating and controlling the stem content in leaves.
Background
The quality of the tobacco flake structure is one of important indexes for measuring the threshing and redrying processing technical level, and is also a main factor influencing the tobacco flake structure and the purity, and the tobacco flake structure is the key for determining the cigarette quality (such as cigarette density, single cigarette weight, void fraction, puncture and other cigarette making indexes) and the stability thereof, so that the control of the reasonable tobacco flake structure has important significance for improving the cigarette making quality and the stability thereof.
In the prior art, the proportion of the finished product tobacco lamina produced by domestic redrying processing enterprises is unreasonable, and the finished product tobacco lamina is often represented by more large flakes, less medium flakes and higher stem content in leaves, has a certain gap with the current Chinese style cigarette development demand and the development demand of cigarette products to large brand centralization in China, is not beneficial to the stability control of the quality of the cigarette products, and especially puts higher requirements on the control of the structure of the finished tobacco lamina along with the rapid development of fine-count and medium-fine-count cigarettes of the cigarette enterprises.
The tobacco industry 'cigarette process specification' (2016 edition) has clear requirements on the structure of the tobacco sheet: the specification of the redried tobacco flakes meets the requirements that the proportion of the tobacco flakes with the diameter of more than 25.4mm multiplied by 25.4mm is less than 40.0 percent, the proportion of the tobacco flakes with the diameter of more than 12.7mm multiplied by 12.7mm is more than or equal to 80.0 percent, the proportion of the tobacco flakes with the diameter of less than 2.36mm multiplied by 2.36mm is less than 0.5 percent, and the stem content in the cut leaves is less than or equal to 1.5 percent. At present, threshing and redrying enterprises usually achieve the index requirement by adjusting physical characteristics (such as temperature and moisture), equipment performance and threshing process technological parameters (such as threshing roller rotating speed, frame fence specification, air separation efficiency and the like) in order to meet the requirement. However, the adjustment process is complicated and time-consuming, and because of the mutual influence among the indexes, the adjusted indexes are difficult to meet the requirements of 4 indexes in the specification at the same time. Especially, under the prior art conditions, in order to control the large-piece rate and the stem content in the leaves, the two indexes of the ratio of the tobacco pieces with the size of more than 25.4mm multiplied by 25.4mm being less than 40.0 percent and the stem content in the leaves being less than or equal to 1.5 percent are generally realized by improving the threshing strength, but the problems of reduced piece yield and broken tobacco leaves are brought along, the waste of tobacco leaf resources is caused, and the economy of threshing and redrying is seriously influenced.
Patent 2005100433812 proposes a method for screening out oversized tobacco flakes having a size greater than a certain value after threshing, and then subjecting the tobacco flakes to threshing and threshing again to improve the uniformity of the size of the tobacco flakes. However, the problem of screening the oversize leaves involved in the method is not well solved, the oversize leaves cannot be screened sufficiently and effectively in practical application, and secondary crushing is easily caused in the process of secondary threshing.
Therefore, in order to really realize the control and adjustment of the structure of the tobacco flakes, reduce secondary crushing as much as possible, improve the quality of the tobacco flakes after threshing, and reasonably optimize and improve the existing threshing and redrying process method, the method is very important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a threshing and redrying processing method capable of regulating and controlling the structure of a tobacco strip and the stem content of the tobacco strip, which can improve the structural uniformity of the threshed tobacco strip, reduce the threshing and crushing amount as much as possible while regulating and controlling the stem content, and can better adapt to the existing threshing and redrying process.
The technical solution adopted in the present application is detailed as follows.
A threshing and redrying processing method capable of simultaneously regulating and controlling the structure of a tobacco sheet and the stem content in leaves is mainly completed by a tobacco sheet structure control link added after threshing and stem removing, and the main technical thought is as follows: on the basis of the prior threshing and redrying technical process, a tobacco flake structure control link is added after the threshing and stemming process, the finally required tobacco flake structure is taken as a target in the link, the tobacco flakes after the threshing and stemming process are separated into three parts according to the size of the leaf, and the three parts are respectively treated; wherein, the separated oversized tobacco flakes are cut by blades to reduce the size of the tobacco flakes, then the tobacco flakes containing stems are separated by gravity winnowing and conveyed to the threshing process again, and the tobacco flakes without stems are mixed with the tobacco flakes with proper size after threshing by an air outlet at the upper part of the winnowing device; keeping the separated tobacco flakes with proper size; after the tobacco flakes with the size smaller than the required size are screened by a vibrating screen to remove tobacco powder, the separated tobacco flakes are mixed with the proper tobacco flakes (the tobacco flakes with the proper size) and the treated larger tobacco flakes, and the mixture enters a redrying link; the specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) screening the punched tobacco flakes, collecting the punched tobacco flakes after the tobacco leaves are subjected to the tobacco leaf punching and stem removing procedures, and conveying the tobacco flakes to a screening device through conveying equipment, wherein the screening device can screen the punched tobacco flakes into three types according to the structure requirements of the tobacco flakes: the tobacco flake comprises an oversized tobacco flake A (larger than 40mm multiplied by 40 mm), a proper tobacco flake B and a tobacco flake C smaller than the requirement;
the operation parameters of the screening device are adjustable, and controllable separation of tobacco flakes with different sizes can be realized according to the structural requirements of target tobacco flakes;
the specifications of the oversized smoked sheets are as follows: the length multiplied by the width of the tobacco flakes is more than 40mm multiplied by 40 mm;
(2) and (3) screening the tobacco flakes, namely respectively processing the oversized tobacco flakes A screened in the step (1) and the tobacco flakes C with the size smaller than the required tobacco flakes, wherein the specific processing modes are as follows:
the processing mode of the oversized tobacco flakes A is as follows:
conveying the separated oversized tobacco flakes A to a differential shearing machine through a belt, and reducing the tobacco flakes A into smaller tobacco flakes (with the size adjustable within the range of 10mm multiplied by 10 mm-50 mm multiplied by 50 mm) through the shearing and tearing action of the differential shearing machine;
the operation parameters of the differential shearing machine can be adjusted, so that the tobacco flakes A can be reduced to meet the required size;
conveying the cut tobacco flakes with smaller size to a gravity winnowing device, and adjusting air separation parameters by utilizing the difference of the suspension speeds of the tobacco flakes containing the stems and the tobacco flakes not containing the stems to ensure that the tobacco flakes not containing the stems A1Blown out from the upper part and containing tobacco flakes A2Falls into the bottom of the air separator;
the winnowing device can adopt a single-throwing type air separator, and the technological parameters can be set as follows: the rotating speed of the leaf throwing mechanism is set to be 300r/min, and the wind speed is 3-4 m/s;
the tobacco flakes A which are not provided with stems and are blown out from the upper part of the air separator1Mixing with proper tobacco flakes B screened out in the step (1);
separating the bottom of the air separator to obtain tobacco flakes A containing stems2Re-feeding the tobacco leaves into a threshing procedure (the threshing procedure is preferably a three-level or four-level threshing pneumatic separation link, and the purpose of adopting the procedure is to remove tobacco stems as much as possible, reduce the stem content in the leaves and reduce excessive processing so as to avoid crushing);
the processing mode of the tobacco flakes C with the size smaller than the requirement is as follows:
treating the separated tobacco flakes C with the size smaller than the requirement by a vibrating screen, wherein the mesh size of the vibrating screen device can be specifically set to be 2.36mm so as to screen out the tobacco flakes with the size of less than 2.36mm multiplied by 2.36 mm;
(3) mixing the tobacco flakes, and mixing the proper tobacco flakes B separated in the step (1) with the tobacco flakes (non-peduncle-containing tobacco flakes A) treated in the step (2)1) And the screened tobacco flakes C are gathered and uniformly mixed, and then are conveyed to the subsequent redrying process through conveying equipment.
On the basis of long-term production practice, the inventors consider that: although the weight ratio of the tobacco flakes containing overlarge stems in the tobacco flakes obtained after the threshing and stem removing process is smaller, the stem content of the tobacco flakes contributes most to the stem content of the threshed tobacco flakes, so that the selective removal of the tobacco stems in the overlarge tobacco flakes has important significance for regulating and controlling the stem content and the large leaf content in the tobacco flakes. Because the difference of the suspension speed of the ultra-large sheet containing the stalks and the suspension speed of the non-ultra-large sheet containing the stalks is small, the two sheets are difficult to be well separated through a wind separation link in the prior art. In order to solve the problem, the technical scheme of the invention forms the ultra-large pieces into the tobacco flakes with proper size again in a separating and shearing ultra-large piece processing mode, further selects the stem-containing leaves by using a wind separation method, and puts the stem-containing leaves into a threshing and stem-removing process again, so that the large piece rate is reduced, the medium piece rate is improved, and the aim of reducing the stem content is fulfilled.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly expressed as follows:
1. the threshing and redrying processing method capable of regulating and controlling the structure of the tobacco strips can effectively and quickly regulate and control the structure of the tobacco strips according to the structural requirements of the tobacco strips, has little breakage, and does not influence the threshing and redrying economic index while meeting the quality index required by the cigarette technical specification (2016 edition);
2. the method for regulating and controlling the stem content of the threshed and redried tobacco strips can selectively remove the tobacco stems in the overlarge tobacco strips, avoid the repeated processing of other tobacco strips, reduce the stem content under the condition of not increasing the broken tobacco strips as much as possible, improve the large and medium tobacco strip content and optimize the tobacco strip structure;
3. the control link of the tobacco flake structure related in the invention has simple process and strong applicability, only needs to add a set of poking roller moving screen, differential shearing machine and gravity winnowing device after the leaf and stem removing process, has limited increase of cost and process difficulty, occupies small space and is easy to realize.
Generally, the threshing and redrying processing method of the adjustable and controllable tobacco flake structure can realize effective regulation and control of the threshed tobacco flake structure according to the requirement of the tobacco flake structure, can pertinently remove the tobacco stems in the ultra-large tobacco flakes with high contribution degree to the stalk content of the threshed tobacco flake, can avoid repeated processing of qualified tobacco flakes, can reduce the stalk content effectively and reduce threshing and breaking as much as possible, optimizes the tobacco flake structure, improves the tobacco flake yield, has the advantages of strong applicability, good applicability and the like, and has good practical value and popularization and application significance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a treatment route of a threshing and redrying process in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a threshing and redrying process of the adjustable tobacco sheet structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the adopted screening device in a front view;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the screening device employed;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the differential shearing device.
Detailed Description
The present application is further illustrated by the following examples. Before describing the specific embodiments, a brief description will be given below with respect to the background of some of the experiments in the following examples.
In the embodiment 1, C3F-grade tobacco leaves in Henan flattop mountain areas are used as test materials, the existing threshing and redrying mode and the threshing and redrying processing mode described in the patent are adopted to respectively carry out tests, and the structure and the processing economy of the tobacco strips in the two processing modes are compared;
in the embodiment 2, tobacco leaves B2F in the Nanping area of Fujian province are used as test materials, the tobacco leaf threshing and redrying processing mode disclosed by the patent is adopted to perform a test by taking the currently determined structure of the thin cigarette tobacco leaves as a target, and the tobacco leaf threshing and redrying processing mode enables the tobacco leaf structure to meet the structural requirement of the thin cigarette tobacco leaves through equipment parameter adjustment.
The screening device adopted in the following embodiment is designed by the inventor, the structure of the screening device is shown in figures 3 and 4, and the screening device is specifically a multi-roller stirring type tobacco leaf screening device,
the device comprises a main body support 7, a rack groove body 3 arranged on the main body support and a material conveying device 6 arranged at the bottom of the rack groove body 3, wherein a supplied material blanking port 1 is arranged at the front end of the rack groove body 3, a large-size tobacco flake discharging port 4 is arranged at the upper part of the tail end of the rack groove body, and a tobacco leaf discharging port 5 for screening out large-size tobacco flakes is arranged at the lower part of the tail end of the rack groove body 3 corresponding to the tail end of the material conveying device 6;
wherein, the upper part of the material conveying device 6 in the rack groove body 3 is provided with a plurality of stirring rollers 2 rotating in the same direction, and the number of the stirring rollers 2 is 20-25;
the poking roller 2 is characterized in that a plurality of poking toothed belts are arranged on the axial direction of each roller body; each shifting gear ring is arranged around the roller body in a circle and is formed by arranging 4-6 shifting gears 8 at equal intervals; the number of the tooth pulling belts on each roller body is 15-20; the roller teeth 8 on the poking roller are cylindrical, so that scratches caused by tobacco flake fluctuation can be reduced;
the stirring roller 2 is positioned at the first stirring roller at the front end of the rack groove body 3 and is positioned right below the supplied material blanking port 1, and the stirring roller is positioned below the last stirring roller at the tail end of the rack groove body 3 and corresponds to the large-size tobacco sheet discharging port 4;
the poking rollers 2 are arranged in a staggered mode, wherein the poking toothed belts of two adjacent poking rollers are arranged in a staggered mode, and specifically, the poking toothed belt of one poking roller corresponds to the middle position of two adjacent poking toothed belts on the adjacent poking rollers; wherein, the gaps between the adjacent stirring rollers are equal and adjustable, thereby ensuring that the tobacco flakes with specific sizes can be screened;
a driving device for driving the stirring roller to rotate is arranged outside the rack groove body 3, and a shaft of the driving roller body is in transmission connection with the driving device; wherein the driving device is a variable frequency driving device, so that the rotating speed of the poking roller can be adjusted.
The differential shearing device adopted in the following embodiments is also designed by the inventor, and the structural schematic diagram of the device is shown in fig. 5, and the device comprises a main body frame 9 and a leaf tearing chamber 10 arranged on the main body frame 9;
wherein, a feeding and blanking port 11 is arranged above the leaf tearing chamber 10, and a torn tobacco sheet discharging port 12 is arranged below the leaf tearing chamber;
two working rollers 14 rotating in opposite directions are arranged in the leaf tearing chamber 10, 10-15 roller toothed belts are arranged on the roller body of each working roller 14 at equal intervals in the axial direction, and a plurality of roller teeth 13 are arranged on each roller toothed belt at equal intervals; the number of the roller teeth 13 is 10-15 (preferably 12);
the roll teeth 13 on the two working rolls 14 are arranged in a staggered way to be meshed with each other; the two working rolls are respectively driven by independent variable frequency driving devices, and the rotating speed of the working rolls can be independently adjusted; meanwhile, the roll gap between the two working rolls can be adjusted; finally, according to the target requirement condition of the tobacco flakes, the tobacco flakes are effectively and reasonably torn by utilizing the tearing force and the shearing force generated by the speed difference between the roller teeth.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the main flow of the conventional threshing and redrying process is to pre-treat tobacco flakes, then perform threshing and stem removing, screen out tobacco flakes (tobacco powder) with a size of 2.36mm × 2.36mm after threshing, and convey the remaining tobacco flakes to the subsequent links for redrying.
In the processing process, the control of the tobacco flake structure is mainly completed by setting threshing air separation parameters, the parameter adjustment process is complex and long in time consumption, and the requirements of 3 tobacco flake structure proportions and the stem content in the tobacco leaf are difficult to meet at the same time (the specific results are shown in the detection comparison result in the following table 1).
As shown in fig. 2, the threshing and redrying processing method capable of simultaneously improving the tobacco lamina structure and the stem content in the tobacco leaves provided by the application is completed by a tobacco lamina structure control link added after threshing and stem removing, and the main processing flow is as follows:
on the basis of the existing threshing and redrying technical process, a tobacco flake structure control link is added after the threshing and stem removing process, the finally required tobacco flake structure is taken as a target, the tobacco flakes after the threshing and stem removing process are separated into three parts according to the size of the leaf, and the three parts are respectively treated to optimize the tobacco flake structure and selectively remove tobacco stems in oversized tobacco flakes; the tobacco leaf screening device comprises a multi-roller stirring type tobacco leaf screening device, a threshing device and a threshing device, wherein oversized tobacco leaves separated by the multi-roller stirring type tobacco leaf screening device are sheared to reduce the size of the oversized tobacco leaves, the tobacco leaves containing stems are separated by gravity winnowing and conveyed to the threshing process again, and stem-free tobacco leaves are mixed with tobacco leaves with proper size after threshing through an air outlet at the upper part of the winnowing device; keeping the separated tobacco flakes with proper size (temporarily storing in a tobacco storage cabinet); and after the tobacco scraps with the size smaller than the required size (the tobacco scraps with the size smaller than 2.36mm multiplied by 2.36 mm) are removed by a vibrating screen, the separated tobacco scraps are mixed with the proper tobacco scraps and the treated larger tobacco scraps, and the mixture enters a redrying link.
The method takes C3F tobacco leaves in Henan flat-topped mountain areas as test materials, and carries out treatment according to the threshing and redrying processing method of the adjustable and controllable tobacco leaf structure, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) screening the punched tobacco flakes, collecting the punched tobacco flakes after the tobacco leaves are subjected to the tobacco leaf punching and stem removing procedures, and conveying the tobacco flakes to a screening device through conveying equipment, wherein the screening device can screen the punched tobacco flakes into three types according to the structure requirements of the tobacco flakes: oversized smoked sheets A (> 40mm multiplied by 40 mm), suitable smoked sheets B (12.7 mm multiplied by 12.7 mm-40 mm multiplied by 40 mm) and smoked sheets C (less than 12.7mm multiplied by 12.7 mm) smaller than the requirement;
the operating parameters of the screening device should be adjustable to obtain controllable separation of the tobacco flakes of different sizes, thereby achieving the target tobacco flake structure; in the embodiment, the frequency of the frequency converter of the poking roller moving screening control motor is set to be 45 Hz.
(2) And (3) screening the tobacco flakes, namely respectively processing the oversized tobacco flakes A screened in the step (1) and the tobacco flakes C with the size smaller than the required tobacco flakes, wherein the specific processing modes are as follows:
conveying the separated oversized tobacco flakes A to a differential shearing machine through a belt, and reducing the tobacco flakes A into smaller tobacco flakes (12.7 mm multiplied by 12.7 mm-40 mm multiplied by 40 mm) by utilizing the shearing and tearing action of the differential shearing machine; conveying the cut tobacco flakes with smaller size to a gravity winnowing device, and adjusting air separation parameters according to the difference of the suspension speeds of the tobacco flakes containing the stems and the tobacco flakes not containing the stems to ensure that the tobacco flakes not containing the stems A1Blown out from the upper part and containing tobacco flakes A2Falls into the bottom of the air separator; in the embodiment, the wind separation equipment adopts a single material throwing type wind separator, the rotating speed of a leaf throwing mechanism is set to be 300r/min, and the wind speed of the wind separator is set to be 3.5 m/s.
The tobacco flakes A which are not provided with stems and are blown out from the upper part of the air separator1Mixing with proper tobacco flakes B screened out in the step (1);
separating the bottom of the air separator to obtain tobacco flakes A containing stems2Re-feeding the tobacco leaves into a third-stage threshing machine set in a threshing procedure to remove tobacco stems as much as possible, reduce the stem content in the leaves, reduce excessive processing and avoid crushing;
in the embodiment, the frequency of the frequency converter of the control motor of the differential shearing machine is set to be 40 Hz;
and (3) screening the tobacco flakes C with the size smaller than the requirement by a vibrating screen, wherein the mesh size of the vibrating screen device is set to be 2.36mm so as to screen out the tobacco flakes with the size of 2.36mm multiplied by 2.36 mm.
(3) Mixing the tobacco flakes, and mixing the proper tobacco flakes B separated in the step (1) with the tobacco flakes A treated in the step (2)1And the screened tobacco flakes C are collected by a belt after threshing and are uniformly mixed, and then are conveyed to a subsequent redrying process by original conveying equipment of a threshing line.
For tobacco leaves from the same source, the tobacco leaves are treated according to the prior art and used as a control.
The structure of the tobacco lamina treated by the two methods is measured according to the sampling, sample preparation and detection methods specified in GB/T21137-2007 measurement of the size of the tobacco lamina and GB/T21136-2007 measurement of the stem content in the threshed tobacco leaf, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: tobacco flake quality index detection data comparison result
The analysis of the data in the table shows that compared with a control sample, the large-piece rate of the tobacco flakes in the test sample is obviously reduced, the medium-piece rate is improved, the stem content in the leaves is obviously reduced, the fragment increase is not obvious, the structure of the tobacco flakes in the test sample meets the requirement in the cigarette process specification (2016 edition), and particularly, the index of the tobacco flakes with the size of more than 25.4mm multiplied by 25.4mm is 13.2 percent better than that of the control sample on the premise of not influencing other indexes. The method provided by the invention can optimize the structure of the tobacco flakes, reduce the stem content in the tobacco leaves, improve the quality of the shredded tobacco flakes and show better application effect on the premise of not generating excessive broken tobacco.
In addition, the economic indicators of the two processes were analyzed, and the results are shown in table 2.
Table 2: comparison of economic indicators of two treatment processes
Note: the weight data in the table are calculated according to the standard moisture.
As can be seen from the comparison, compared with a control sample, the economy of the test sample has no obvious change, and the method meets the requirement of tobacco industry enterprises on threshing and redrying economy.
Example 2
The requirement of the slim cigarettes on the tobacco flake structure is greatly different from that of the cigarettes with common specifications, so the operation process is the same as that of the embodiment 1, the embodiment takes the currently determined slim cigarette tobacco flake structure as a target, the post-threshing tobacco flake structure is regulated, and the specific operation process is briefly introduced as follows.
The tobacco leaves B2F in the Nanping area of Fujian province are taken as test materials, and are treated according to the threshing and redrying processing method which can simultaneously improve the structure of the tobacco strips and the stem content quality in the tobacco leaves, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) screening the punched tobacco flakes, collecting the punched tobacco flakes after the tobacco leaves are subjected to the tobacco leaf punching and stem removing procedures, and conveying the tobacco flakes to a screening device through conveying equipment, wherein the screening device can screen the punched tobacco flakes into three types according to the structure requirements of the tobacco flakes: oversized smoked sheet a (> 30mm x 30 mm), suitable smoked sheet B (12.7 mm x 12.7 mm-40 mm x 40 mm) and smaller than required smoked sheet C (< 12.7mm x 12.7 mm);
in the embodiment, the frequency of the frequency converter of the poking roller moving screening control motor is set to be 40 Hz.
(2) And (3) screening the tobacco flakes, namely respectively processing the oversized tobacco flakes A screened in the step (1) and the tobacco flakes C with the size smaller than the required tobacco flakes, wherein the specific processing modes are as follows:
conveying the separated oversized tobacco flakes A to a differential shearing machine through a belt, and reducing the tobacco flakes A into smaller tobacco flakes (12.7 mm multiplied by 12.7 mm-30 mm multiplied by 30 mm) by utilizing the shearing and tearing action of the differential shearing machine; conveying the cut tobacco flakes with smaller size to a gravity winnowing device, and adjusting air separation parameters according to the difference of the suspension speeds of the tobacco flakes containing the stems and the tobacco flakes not containing the stems to ensure that the tobacco flakes not containing the stems A1Blown out from the upper part and containing tobacco flakes A2Falls into the bottom of the air separator; in the embodiment, the wind separation equipment adopts a single material throwing type wind separator, the rotating speed of a leaf throwing mechanism is set to be 300r/min, and the wind speed of the wind separator is set to be 3 m/s.
The tobacco flakes A which are not provided with stems and are blown out from the upper part of the air separator1Mixing with proper tobacco flakes B screened out in the step (1);
separating the bottom of the air separator to obtain tobacco flakes A containing stems2Re-feeding the tobacco leaves into a third-stage threshing machine set in a threshing procedure to remove tobacco stems as much as possible, reduce the stem content in the leaves, reduce excessive processing and avoid crushing;
in the embodiment, the frequency of the frequency converter of the control motor of the differential shearing machine is set to be 45 Hz.
And (3) screening the tobacco flakes C with the size smaller than the requirement by a vibrating screen, wherein the mesh size of the vibrating screen device is set to be 2.36mm so as to screen out the tobacco flakes with the size of 2.36mm multiplied by 2.36 mm.
(3) Mixing the tobacco flakes, and mixing the proper tobacco flakes B separated in the step (1) with the tobacco flakes A treated in the step (2)1And the screened tobacco flakes C are collected by a belt after threshing and are uniformly mixed, and then are conveyed to a subsequent redrying process by original conveying equipment of a threshing line.
For tobacco leaves from the same source, the tobacco leaves are treated according to the prior art and used as a control.
The structure of the tobacco lamina treated by the two methods is measured according to the sampling, sample preparation and detection methods specified in GB/T21137-2007 measurement of the size of the tobacco lamina and GB/T21136-2007 measurement of the stem content in the threshed tobacco leaf, and the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3: tobacco flake quality index detection data comparison
The data analysis of table 3 shows that the tobacco flake structure is obviously changed before and after the regulation, and the regulated tobacco flake structure index and the stem content index in the leaves meet the requirement of the slim cigarettes on the tobacco flake structure. The results show that after the cigarettes with other specifications put forward a definite tobacco flake structure, the invention can correspondingly regulate and control according to the target requirements, and the requirements of the cigarettes with different specifications on the tobacco flake structure can be met.
Claims (3)
1. A threshing and redrying processing method capable of simultaneously regulating and controlling the structure of a tobacco sheet and the stem content in the tobacco leaf is characterized in that the threshing and stem removing process is mainly completed through a tobacco sheet structure control link additionally arranged after threshing and stem removing; the specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) screening the punched tobacco flakes, collecting and conveying the punched tobacco flakes to a screening device after the tobacco leaves are subjected to the leaf punching and stem removing procedures, and screening the punched tobacco flakes into three types according to the size by the screening device: the tobacco shred comprises an oversized tobacco shred A, a proper tobacco shred B and a tobacco shred C smaller than the requirement;
the specifications of the oversized smoked sheets are as follows: the length multiplied by the width of the tobacco flakes is more than 40mm multiplied by 40 mm;
the screening device is a multi-roller shifting type tobacco leaf screening device and comprises a main body support (7), a rack groove body (3) arranged on the main body support (7) and a material conveying device (6) arranged at the bottom of the rack groove body (3);
the front end of the frame groove body (3) is provided with a supplied material blanking port (1), the upper part of the tail end of the frame groove body (3) is provided with a large-size tobacco flake discharging port (4), and the lower part of the tail end of the frame groove body (3) is provided with a tobacco leaf discharging port (5) which screens off large-size tobacco flakes corresponding to the tail end of the material conveying device (6);
wherein the upper part of the material conveying device (6) in the rack groove body (3) is provided with a plurality of stirring rollers (2) rotating in the same direction, and the number of the stirring rollers (2) is 20-25;
the axial direction of each roller body of the poking roller (2) is provided with a plurality of poking toothed belts; each shifting gear ring is arranged around the roller body in a circle and is formed by arranging 4-6 shifting gears (8) at equal intervals; the number of the tooth pulling belts on each roller body is 15-20; the poking teeth (8) on the poking roller are cylindrical;
the poking toothed belts of two adjacent poking rollers (2) are arranged in a staggered manner;
(2) and (3) screening the tobacco flakes, namely respectively processing the oversize tobacco flakes A screened in the step (1) and the tobacco flakes C smaller than the requirement, wherein the specific processing modes are as follows:
the processing mode of the oversized tobacco flakes A is as follows:
reducing the separated oversized smoked sheets A into smaller smoked sheets, wherein the smaller smoked sheets have the specification of length multiplied by width =12.7mm multiplied by 12.7 mm-40 mm multiplied by 40 mm;
conveying the tobacco flakes with smaller size to a gravity winnowing device, and adjusting air separation parameters by utilizing the difference of the suspension speeds of the tobacco flakes containing stems and the tobacco flakes not containing stems to ensure that the tobacco flakes not containing stems A1Blown out from the upper part and containing tobacco flakes A2Falling into the bottom of the gravity winnowing device;
the tobacco flakes A which are not provided with stems and are blown out from the upper part of the gravity winnowing device1Directly mixing with proper tobacco flakes B screened out in the step (1);
separating the bottom of the gravity winnowing device to obtain tobacco flakes A containing stems2Re-feeding into a threshing process;
the processing mode of the tobacco flakes C with the size smaller than the requirement is as follows:
treating the separated tobacco flakes C with the size smaller than the requirement through a vibrating screen, wherein the mesh size of a vibrating screen device is specifically set to be 2.36mm, so as to screen out the tobacco flakes with the size of less than 2.36mm multiplied by 2.36 mm;
when the separated oversized tobacco flakes A are reduced into smaller tobacco flakes, a differential shearing machine device is adopted, and the device comprises a main body frame (9) and a leaf tearing chamber (10) arranged on the main body frame (9);
wherein a feeding and blanking port (11) is arranged above the leaf tearing chamber (10), and a torn tobacco sheet discharging port (12) is arranged below the leaf tearing chamber; two working rollers (14) rotating in opposite directions are arranged in the leaf tearing chamber (10), 10-15 roller toothed belts are arranged on the roller body of each working roller (14) in an axial direction at equal intervals, and a plurality of roller teeth (13) are arranged on each roller toothed belt at equal intervals; the number of the roller teeth (13) is 10-15;
the roll teeth (13) on the two working rolls (14) are arranged in a staggered manner; the two working rolls are respectively driven by independent variable frequency driving devices, and the rotating speed of the working rolls can be independently adjusted;
(3) mixing the tobacco flakes, and mixing the proper tobacco flakes B separated in the step (1) with the tobacco flakes A treated in the step (2)1And the tobacco flakes C screened by the vibrating screen are gathered and uniformly mixed, and then are conveyed to the subsequent redrying process by conveying equipment.
2. The threshing and redrying processing method capable of simultaneously regulating and controlling the structure of a sheet tobacco and the stem content in leaves as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gravity winnowing device in step (2) specifically adopts a single-throw material type air separator.
3. The threshing and redrying processing method capable of simultaneously regulating the structure of a sheet tobacco and the stem content in leaves as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), when the stem-containing tobacco sheet A2 separated from the bottom of the air separator is sent to the threshing process again, the threshing and redrying processing method is sent to a three-stage or four-stage threshing and air separation link.
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| CN115281359B (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2023-11-17 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Grouping processing combination equipment for improving quality of tobacco flakes and regulating method |
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