CN107643229A - A kind of Fume moisture method of testing and device - Google Patents
A kind of Fume moisture method of testing and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107643229A CN107643229A CN201710899659.9A CN201710899659A CN107643229A CN 107643229 A CN107643229 A CN 107643229A CN 201710899659 A CN201710899659 A CN 201710899659A CN 107643229 A CN107643229 A CN 107643229A
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- gas
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- flue
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- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001669 calcium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003185 calcium uptake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002631 hypothermal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013555 soy sauce Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Fume moisture method of testing and device, tested flue gas is extracted using air extractor, and tested flue gas is divided into bypass gas circuit and test gas circuit two parts by pipeline, control bypass gas circuit and the flue gas flow for testing gas circuit, the tested flue gas tested in gas circuit is led into the container progress moisture content equipped with calcium chloride to fix, and measure the moisture weight that the container equipped with calcium chloride is fixed, tested flue-gas temperature in the flue gas volume and test gas circuit of the test gas circuit of extraction, tested flue gas flow, tested Gas phase Smoke is to atm difference, the percentage of tested Fume moisture water capacity is finally calculated using formula.Using large scale by-pass shunt technology is taken air inlet, substantially reduce and condensed after removing smoke into sampling pipe in tube wall.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flue gas composition technical field of measurement and test, more particularly to a kind of Fume moisture method of testing and device.
Background technology
Boiler smoke moisture content test is carried out, is used《Particulate matter measure is adopted with gaseous contaminant in the exhaust of fixed-contamination thing
Quadrat method》(GB/T16157) standard method is tested, and the test about Fume moisture in the standard, there is three kinds of methods:a.
Measurement with wet;B. condensation method;C. calcium chloride gravimetric absorption method.
At present in the on-the-spot test of boiler smoke moisture content, generally using measurement with wet.Measurement with wet is widely used, and is
Because it is convenient and swift when this method is tested at the scene, but accuracy, reliability are too low.
Calcium chloride gravimetric absorption method is the most accurate in three kinds of methods, but calcium chloride gravimetric absorption method, excessively cumbersome because operating
(glass U-tube, pressure gauge, flowmeter, vavuum pump, gas circuit system of connections, balance and appropriate execute-in-place table top etc. need to be equipped with
Deng), on-the-spot test difficulty is big, makes most of testers, hangs back, and is reluctant to carry out on-the-spot test using this method.In addition,
This method is also only applicable to low flue-gas temperature condition in itself.Live smoke test, operating mode is complicated, and this is largely limited again
The application of this method in testing.
The content of the invention
For mirror with this, the present invention proposes a kind of Fume moisture method of testing and device, there is provided easily, high-precision test side
Method and device.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way:
A kind of Fume moisture method of testing, comprises the following steps:
S1:Tested flue gas is extracted using air extractor, and tested flue gas is divided into bypass gas circuit and test gas by pipeline
Road two parts;
S2:Control bypass gas circuit and the flue gas flow for testing gas circuit;
S3:The tested flue gas tested in gas circuit is led into the container progress moisture content equipped with calcium chloride to fix, and measures and is equipped with
Tested flue gas temperature in moisture weight, the flue gas volume of the test gas circuit extracted and test gas circuit that the container of calcium chloride is fixed
Degree, tested flue gas flow, tested Gas phase Smoke are to atm difference;
S4:Utilize formula:
Xsw=(1.24 × Gw)/(Vd × (273/ (273+tr) × (Ba+Pr)/101300)+1.24 × Gw)
The percentage of tested Fume moisture water capacity is calculated, in formula:Xsw is Fume moisture water capacity percentage;Gw is
The moisture content weight of holder absorption equipped with calcium chloride, unit g;The flue gas volume for the test gas circuit that Vd is extracted, unit L;tr
To be tested flue-gas temperature, unit is DEG C;Ba is atmospheric pressure, unit Pa;Pr is that tested Gas phase Smoke is to atm difference, unit
Pa, 1.24 be the volume that 1g vapor occupies under standard state, i.e. 1.24L/g, 101300 be a standard atmospheric pressure, i.e.,
101300Pa。
Further, gas circuit flow is bypassed in S2 and is arranged to 5 with testing the ratio between gas circuit:1 to 50:1.
A kind of Fume moisture test device, including air extractor, sampling pipe, processor, input unit and display device, institute
State sampling pipe and gas circuit is divided into test gas circuit and bypass gas circuit two, test gas circuit and bypass the gas circuit air outlet through threeway
It is connected through threeway with the air extractor air inlet port, U-tube, pressure is sequentially provided with along flow of flue gas direction in the test gas circuit
Force snesor, temperature sensor, flow control valve and flow sensor, the U-tube are equipped with the calcium chloride for being used for fixing moisture content,
In the bypass gas circuit filter, drier, flow control valve, pressure sensor and unidirectional are sequentially provided with along flow of flue gas direction
Valve, the pressure sensor, temperature sensor, flow sensor, input unit and display device connect with the processor respectively
Connect.
Further, the sampling pipe is made of soft materials.
Further, the sampling pipe includes sampling inner tube and sampling sleeve, and the sampling inner tube covers located at the sampling
In pipe, heater strip is provided between the sampling inner tube and sampling sleeve, the heater strip is connected with the processor.
Further, bypass gas circuit is opened when tested flue-gas temperature is higher than 10 DEG C of environment temperature, when tested flue-gas temperature
Heating wire is powered during higher than 100 DEG C of environment temperature.
Further, opening is provided with above the U-tube, both sides are provided with the interface with test bypass connection, the opening
If the grinding port plug of sealing, the grinding port plug is communicated with the L-type passage of the inner chamber of the interface and U-tube.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:Using large scale by-pass shunt technology is taken air inlet, greatly
Big reduction condenses after removing smoke into sampling pipe in tube wall.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of Fume moisture test device principle schematic of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sampling pipe structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is structural representation when the U-tube of the embodiment of the present invention is opened;
Fig. 4 is structural representation when the U-tube of the embodiment of the present invention is closed;
In figure, 1 air extractor, 2 sampling pipes, 3 threeways, 4 test gas circuits, 5 bypass gas circuits, 6U type pipes, 7 pressure sensors, 8
Temperature sensor, 9 flow control valves, 10 flow sensors, 11 filters, 12 driers, 13 check valves, 14 sampling inner tubes, 15
Sampling sleeve, 16 heater strips, 17 grinding port plugs, 18L type passages, 19 openings, 20 interfaces, 21 metal screens.
Embodiment
In order to be best understood from the technology of the present invention content, specific embodiment is provided below, and with reference to accompanying drawing the present invention is done into
The explanation of one step.
A kind of Fume moisture method of testing provided by the invention, it is characterised in that:Comprise the following steps:
S1:Tested flue gas is extracted using air extractor, and tested flue gas is divided into bypass gas circuit and test gas by pipeline
Road two parts;
S2:Control bypass gas circuit and the flue gas flow for testing gas circuit;
S3:The tested flue gas tested in gas circuit is led into the container progress moisture content equipped with calcium chloride to fix, and measures and is equipped with
Tested flue gas temperature in moisture weight, the flue gas volume of the test gas circuit extracted and test gas circuit that the container of calcium chloride is fixed
Degree, tested flue gas flow, tested Gas phase Smoke are to atm difference;
S4:Utilize formula:
Xsw=(1.24 × Gw)/(Vd × (273/ (273+tr) × (Ba+Pr)/101300)+1.24 × Gw)
The percentage of tested Fume moisture water capacity is calculated, in formula:Xsw is Fume moisture water capacity percentage;Gw is
The moisture content weight of holder absorption equipped with calcium chloride, unit g;The flue gas volume for the test gas circuit that Vd is extracted, unit L;tr
To be tested flue-gas temperature, unit is DEG C;Ba is atmospheric pressure, unit Pa;Pr is that tested Gas phase Smoke is to atm difference, unit
Pa, 1.24 be the volume that 1g vapor occupies under standard state, i.e. 1.24L/g, 101300 be a standard atmospheric pressure, i.e.,
101300Pa。
Specifically, gas circuit flow is bypassed in S2 is arranged to 5 with testing the ratio between gas circuit:1 to 50:1.
Condensation and tested flue-gas temperature mistake of the flue gas in tube wall during due to sample can be effectively reduced by the method for shunting
Systematic error caused by height.Using shunt method can reduce Fume moisture sampling tube wall condensation, when bypass gas circuit with
The ratio between test gas circuit is arranged on 10:When 1, the systematic error as caused by Fume moisture in sampling tube wall condensation also will be by same
Ratio reduces 1/10, and similarly ratio is provided in 20:When 1, systematic error reduces 1/20.It is higher than when being tested flue-gas temperature in test
During more than 10 DEG C of environment temperature, significantly improved using the measured data precision of shunting, high degree is reduced due to being tested flue gas
Systematic error caused by temperature is too high, can be further using cooling when tested flue-gas temperature is higher than more than 100 DEG C of environment temperature
Method (as lengthened sampling length of tube), while improve split ratio, artificial hypothermia and shunting carry out greatly improving device simultaneously
The scope of application, improve measuring accuracy.
Test initial data
Error statistics:
Directly affected in view of Fume moisture by unit load, combustion conditions (flue-gas temperature), environment temperature, this mistake
Difference calculates data, and two kinds of methods choose the calculating (survey that load, cigarette temperature, one group of data similar in circumstance temperature carry out average deviation respectively
Examination sequence is not added with *, is not involved in counting), statistical result:
Directly test:Average deviation=6.89;Extreme difference=21.9
Large scale dividing technology:Average deviation=0.22;Extreme difference=0.5
Referring to Fig. 1 to 4, a kind of Fume moisture test device, including air extractor 1, sampling pipe 2, processor, input unit
And gas circuit is divided into test gas circuit 4 and bypass gas circuit 5 two, the test gas circuit 4 by display device, the sampling pipe 2 through threeway 3
It is connected with the bypass air outlet of gas circuit 5 through threeway 3 with the air inlet port of air extractor 1, along flue gas stream in the test gas circuit 4
Dynamic direction is sequentially provided with U-tube 6, pressure sensor 7, temperature sensor 8, flow control valve 9 and flow sensor 10, the U
Type pipe 6, which is equipped with, is used to fixing the calcium chloride of moisture content, in the bypass gas circuit 5 along flow of flue gas direction be sequentially provided with filter 11,
Drier 12, flow control valve 9, pressure sensor 7 and check valve 13, the pressure sensor 7, temperature sensor 8, flow pass
Sensor 10, input unit and display device are connected with the processor respectively.
Air extractor 1 is opened, flue gas is tested by sampling pipe 2, divides two tunnels by threeway 3, enters test gas circuit 4 all the way,
Another way enters bypass gas circuit 5.Because a tested flue gas part is passed through by bypass gas circuit 5, therefore reduce the system in test
Error.Filter 11 in bypass gas circuit 5 filters to the impurity in flue gas, and tested flue gas is dried drier 12,
Effectively protection air extractor 1, to prevent the corrosion damage of impurity and wet flue gas to the pump housing, bypass the flow control valve 9 in gas circuit 5
The flow for bypassing gas circuit 5 can be adjusted, obtained flow will be tested with electric signal by bypassing the flow sensor 10 in gas circuit 5
Form be transmitted to processor.When normal temperature is tested, it is not necessary to open bypass gas circuit 5, bypass in gas circuit 5 and set check valve 13 can be with
Prevent the air outside gas circuit from entering U-tube 6, improve measuring accuracy.Tested flue gas in test gas circuit 4 contains when passing through U-tube 6
Moisture content when be chlorinated calcium uptake, the weight of U-tube 6 can increase, and take out U-tube 6, weighed and fixed moisture content is calculated
Gravimetric value, fixed moisture content gravimetric value is inputted by input unit.The tested flue gas come out from U-tube 6 passes through pressure sensing
Device 7, temperature sensor 8, flow control valve 9 and flow sensor 10, and in the sensor by appeal it is tested try out it is tested
Relative pressure, temperature and the flow information of flue gas, sensor send the information measured to processor in electrical signal form, finally
Tested flue gas is through the row of air extractor 1 to air.Processor is by the moisture content weight of acquisition, flue gas volume, survey flue-gas temperature and is tested
Gas phase Smoke to atm difference be calculated the percentage of tested Fume moisture water capacity, finally by moisture content weight, flue gas body
Product, flue-gas temperature, tested Gas phase Smoke are surveyed to the percentages show of atm difference and tested Fume moisture water capacity in display device
On.
Further, metal screen 21 is provided with the air inlet port of sampling pipe 2, impurity screening, prevents impurity effect from testing
Effect, improve measuring accuracy.
Specifically, air extractor 1 is vavuum pump, it is connected, realizes single with test gas circuit 4 and bypass gas circuit 5 using threeway 3
The black soy sauce function of pump, the flue gas flow of test gas circuit 4 and bypass gas circuit 5 is adjusted by regulating valve, test flow is adjustable
The whole scope flow that pump can extract in bypass in 0-5L/min, test is 20-40L/min.
Specifically, the sampling pipe 2 is made of soft materials.
Specifically, the sampling pipe 2 includes sampling inner tube 14 and sampling sleeve 15, the sampling inner tube 14 is adopted located at described
In sample sleeve pipe 15, heater strip 16, the heater strip 16 and the processing are provided between the sampling inner tube 14 and sampling sleeve 15
Device connects.Condensation of the moisture content in flue gas in sampling pipe 2 is reduced, improves device to test precision.
Specifically, bypass gas circuit 5 is opened when tested flue-gas temperature is higher than 10 DEG C of environment temperature, when tested flue-gas temperature height
Heating wire is powered when 100 DEG C of environment temperature.
Specifically, the top of U-tube 6 is provided with opening 19, both sides are provided with the interface 20 with test bypass connection, described to open
Mouth 19 sets the grinding port plug 17 of sealing, and the grinding port plug 17 is communicated with the L-type passage of the inner chamber of the interface 20 and U-tube 6
18.Grinding port plug 17 connects the inner chamber of interface 20 and U-tube 6 during test, and test terminates two grinding port plugs 17 being rotated by 90 °
The interface 20 of U-tube 6 is sealed, prevents from sampling moisture content in front and rear absorption air, improves measuring accuracy, be easy to weigh.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
God any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the scope of the protection with principle.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. Fume moisture method of testing, it is characterised in that:Comprise the following steps:S1:Tested flue gas is extracted using air extractor, and tested flue gas is divided into bypass gas circuit and test gas circuit two by pipeline Part;S2:Control bypass gas circuit and the flue gas flow for testing gas circuit;S3:The tested flue gas tested in gas circuit is led into the container progress moisture content equipped with calcium chloride to fix, and measures and chlorination is housed Moisture weight, the flue gas volume of the test gas circuit extracted and the tested flue-gas temperature tested in gas circuit, the quilt that the container of calcium is fixed Flue gas flow, tested Gas phase Smoke are surveyed to atm difference;S4:Utilize formula:<mrow> <mi>X</mi> <mi>s</mi> <mi>w</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>1.24</mn> <mo>&times;</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>V</mi> <mi>d</mi> <mo>&times;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mn>273</mn> <mrow> <mn>273</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>&times;</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>B</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>Pr</mi> </mrow> <mn>101300</mn> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1.24</mn> <mo>&times;</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>The percentage of tested Fume moisture water capacity is calculated, in formula:Xsw is Fume moisture water capacity percentage;Gw be equipped with The moisture content weight of the holder absorption of calcium chloride, unit g;The flue gas volume for the test gas circuit that Vd is extracted, unit L;Tr is quilt Flue-gas temperature is surveyed, unit is DEG C;Ba is atmospheric pressure, unit Pa;Pr is tested Gas phase Smoke to atm difference, unit Pa, 1.24 be the volume that 1g vapor occupies under standard state, i.e. 1.24L/g, 101300 be a standard atmospheric pressure, i.e., 101300Pa。
- A kind of 2. Fume moisture method of testing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Gas circuit flow and test are bypassed in S2 The ratio between gas circuit is arranged to 5:1 to 50:1.
- A kind of 3. Fume moisture test device, it is characterised in that:Including air extractor, sampling pipe, processor, input unit and show Gas circuit is divided into test gas circuit and bypass gas circuit two, test gas circuit and the bypass gas by showing device, the sampling pipe through threeway Road air outlet is connected through threeway with the air extractor air inlet port, is set successively along flow of flue gas direction in the test gas circuit There are U-tube, pressure sensor, temperature sensor, flow control valve and flow sensor, the U-tube, which is equipped with, to be used to fix water The calcium chloride of part, described bypass are sequentially provided with filter, drier, flow control valve, pressure in gas circuit along flow of flue gas direction Sensor and check valve, the pressure sensor, temperature sensor, flow sensor, input unit and display device respectively with The processor connection.
- A kind of 4. Fume moisture test device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:The sampling pipe uses soft materials It is made.
- A kind of 5. Fume moisture test device as described in right wants 3, it is characterised in that:The sampling pipe include sampling inner tube and Sampling sleeve, the sampling inner tube are provided with heater strip in the sampling sleeve between the sampling inner tube and sampling sleeve, The heater strip is connected with the processor.
- A kind of 6. Fume moisture test device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that:When tested flue-gas temperature is higher than environment Bypass gas circuit is opened during 10 DEG C of temperature, heating wire is powered when tested flue-gas temperature is higher than 100 DEG C of environment temperature.
- A kind of 7. Fume moisture test device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:Opening is provided with above the U-tube, Both sides are provided with the interface with test bypass connection, and described be open sets the grinding port plug of sealing, and the grinding port plug is communicated with described The L-type passage of the inner chamber of interface and U-tube.
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Cited By (2)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN110895231A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-03-20 | 贵州中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for measuring moisture in aerosol of heated non-combustible cigarette |
CN111721665A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-29 | 陕西省特种设备检验检测研究院 | Method and device for detecting content of condensed water in boiler tail flue gas |
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Cited By (2)
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CN110895231A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-03-20 | 贵州中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for measuring moisture in aerosol of heated non-combustible cigarette |
CN111721665A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-29 | 陕西省特种设备检验检测研究院 | Method and device for detecting content of condensed water in boiler tail flue gas |
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