CN107639992B

CN107639992B - Thermal management system

Info

Publication number: CN107639992B
Application number: CN201610585643.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Hangzhou Sanhua Research Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Sanhua Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-07-21
Filing date: 2016-07-21
Publication date: 2022-05-20
Anticipated expiration: 2036-07-21
Also published as: CN107639992A

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat management system, which comprises a refrigerant system and a cooling liquid system, wherein the cooling liquid system comprises a first cooling liquid system and a second cooling liquid system, the refrigerant system comprises a compressor and a throttling element, the first cooling liquid system comprises a heater and a radiator, and the second cooling liquid system comprises a cooler; the heat management system comprises a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, wherein the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger comprise two flow channels; when the system works, the first cooling liquid system and the refrigerant system can exchange heat at the first heat exchanger, and the second cooling liquid system and the refrigerant system exchange heat at the second heat exchanger; the second cooling liquid system also comprises a third heat exchanger which can be used for heat exchange between the cooling liquid and the electric heating device; the thermal management system further includes a fluid flow path arranged in parallel with the flow path of the third heat exchanger such that a selected portion of the fluid of the second coolant system passes through the third heat exchanger.

Description

Thermal management system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a thermal management system for a vehicle.

Background

Because of the characteristics of energy conservation and environmental protection, batteries are used as power or one of the powers in more and more vehicles, such as hybrid power or pure electric vehicles. However, under the condition that the battery is used as power, no residual heat of the engine can be utilized, and if electric heating is used, large electric quantity consumption is caused, and the driving mileage of the electric automobile is influenced. Therefore, the heat management system in the vehicle should utilize the waste heat of the battery and other power electronic equipment as a heat source as much as possible, utilize the heat pump mode to supply heat in the vehicle to improve the energy efficiency of the heat management system, and meet the requirement of cooling the power electronic equipment of the vehicle under different working conditions.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a heat management system which has relatively higher efficiency compared with a single refrigeration system and can carry out heat management on electronic heating devices such as batteries and the like or electric heating devices.

A thermal management system comprises a refrigerant system and a cooling liquid system, wherein the cooling liquid system comprises a first cooling liquid system and a second cooling liquid system, the refrigerant system comprises a compressor and a throttling element, the first cooling liquid system comprises a heater and a radiator, and the second cooling liquid system comprises a cooler; the refrigerant of the refrigerant system is isolated from the cooling liquid of the first cooling liquid system and does not flow, and the refrigerant of the refrigerant system is isolated from the cooling liquid of the second cooling liquid system and does not flow; the heat management system comprises a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, wherein the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger comprise two flow channels; when the thermal management system is in operation, the first cooling liquid system and the refrigerant system can exchange heat at the first heat exchanger, and the second cooling liquid system and the refrigerant system can exchange heat at the second heat exchanger; the second cooling liquid system also comprises a third heat exchanger, and the cooling liquid of the second cooling liquid system can exchange heat with the electric heating device at the third heat exchanger;

the thermal management system further comprises a fluid branch arranged in parallel with the fluid branch in which the third heat exchanger is located.

The heat management system also comprises an electric heater, and the electric heater is arranged on the fluid branch where the third heat exchanger is located; the refrigerant system further includes a first flow passage of a first heat exchanger, a first flow passage of a second heat exchanger; the compressor, a first flow passage of the first heat exchanger, the throttling element and a first flow passage of the second heat exchanger are connected; the cooling liquid of the first cooling liquid system and the cooling liquid of the second cooling liquid system are mutually isolated, and the two cooling liquid systems are not communicated; the first cooling liquid system comprises a first pump, a second flow channel of the first heat exchanger, a radiator and a heater, wherein the radiator and the heater are arranged in parallel.

The second cooling liquid system comprises a second pump, a second flow channel of the second heat exchanger, a cooler and a heat absorber, the cooler and the heat absorber are arranged in parallel, one end of the third heat exchanger is connected with the electric heater, and the other end of the electric heater is connected with an outlet of the second pump; the other end of the third heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the second pump and an outlet of the cooler and the heat absorber; inlets of the cooler and the heat absorber are connected with a second flow channel of the second heat exchanger; and the outlet of the second pump is connected with a second flow channel of the second heat exchanger.

The thermal management system comprises at least the following working modes: a cooling mode, a heating mode and a dehumidifying mode;

in the refrigeration mode, a second flow passage of a first heat exchanger of the first cooling liquid system is communicated with the radiator; a second flow channel of a second heat exchanger of the second cooling liquid system is communicated with the cooler; the cooling liquid of the flow path branch where the third heat exchanger is located circulates, the temperature of the cooling liquid of the flow path branch where the third heat exchanger is located is higher than or equal to the temperature of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the cooler, and the temperature of the cooling liquid of the flow path branch where the third heat exchanger is located is higher than the temperature of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the second flow path of the second heat exchanger;

in the heating mode, a second flow channel of a first heat exchanger of the first cooling liquid system is communicated with the heater, and a second flow channel of a second heat exchanger of the second cooling liquid system is communicated with the heat absorber; the flow path branch where the third heat exchanger is located is communicated with cooling liquid, the temperature of the cooling liquid of the flow path branch where the third heat exchanger is located is higher than or equal to that of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the heat absorber, and the temperature of the cooling liquid of the flow path branch where the third heat exchanger is located is higher than that of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the second flow path of the second heat exchanger;

in the dehumidification mode, a second flow channel of a first heat exchanger of the first cooling liquid system is communicated with the heater, and a second flow channel of a second heat exchanger of the second cooling liquid system is communicated with the cooler; and the flow path branch where the third heat exchanger is located is communicated with cooling liquid, and the temperature of the cooling liquid of the flow path branch where the third heat exchanger is located is higher than or equal to that of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the cooler.

The second cooling liquid system can comprise a second pump, a second flow channel of the second heat exchanger and a cooler, one end of the third heat exchanger is connected with the electric heater, and a fluid branch which is connected with the fluid branch of the third heat exchanger in parallel is a bypass branch; the other end of the electric heater is connected with the bypass branch and the cooler, and the other end of the third heat exchanger is connected with the bypass branch; the other end of the cooler is connected with a second flow passage of the second heat exchanger or connected with the second flow passage of the second heat exchanger through the second pump.

The thermal management system may include the following three modes of operation: a cooling mode, a heating mode and a dehumidifying mode;

in the refrigeration mode, a second flow passage of a first heat exchanger of the first cooling liquid system is communicated with the radiator; a second flow channel of a second heat exchanger of the second cooling liquid system is communicated with the cooler; the flow path branch where the third heat exchanger is located is communicated with the cooler;

in the heating mode, a second flow channel of a first heat exchanger of the first cooling liquid system is communicated with the heater, and a second flow channel of a second heat exchanger of the second cooling liquid system is communicated with the third heat exchanger; a cooler, an electric heater or a second pump, a cooler and an electric heater are further arranged in a pipeline between a second flow channel of the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger;

in the dehumidification mode, a second flow channel of a first heat exchanger of the first cooling liquid system is communicated with the heater, and a second flow channel of a second heat exchanger of the second cooling liquid system is communicated with the cooler; and the flow path branch where the third heat exchanger is located is communicated with the cooler.

The third heat exchanger can comprise a battery heat exchanger, an electric device heat exchanger and a motor heat exchanger; the battery heat exchanger and the motor heat exchanger are arranged in series, the motor heat exchanger is relatively close to the cooler than the battery heat exchanger when viewed from the flowing distance of a flow path, and the electric part heat exchanger is arranged between the motor heat exchanger and the battery heat exchanger.

The compressor is a variable displacement compressor, and the throttling element is an electric throttling valve; one end of a compressor of the refrigerant system is connected with a first flow channel of the first heat exchanger, and the other end of the compressor of the refrigerant system is connected with a first flow channel of the second heat exchanger; one end of the electronic expansion valve is connected with the first flow passage of the first heat exchanger, and the other end of the electronic expansion valve is connected with the first flow passage of the second heat exchanger.

The compressor is a variable displacement compressor, and the throttling element is an electric throttling valve; one end of a compressor of the refrigerant system is connected with a first flow channel of the first heat exchanger, and one end of the throttling element is connected with a first flow channel of the second heat exchanger; the refrigerant system further includes an internal heat exchanger comprising two flow paths: one end of the first flow channel of the internal heat exchanger is connected with the compressor, and the other end of the first flow channel of the internal heat exchanger is connected with the first flow channel of the second heat exchanger; one end of the second flow passage of the internal heat exchanger is connected with the first flow passage of the first heat exchanger, and the other end of the second flow passage of the internal heat exchanger is connected with the throttling element.

The heat management system further comprises an air supply system, the cooler and the heater are arranged in an air duct of the air supply system, the air cooler is relatively close to an air inlet of the air duct compared with the heater, and the heater is relatively close to an air outlet of the air duct.

The flow of fluid of the second coolant system through the third heat exchanger may thus be controlled, possibly partly through the third heat exchanger, so that the amount of fluid passing through the third heat exchanger may be controlled, and thus the temperature of the battery or the like or the electric heating device may be controlled.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system in a first mode of operation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the thermal management system of FIG. 1 in a second mode of operation;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the thermal management system of FIG. 1 in a third mode of operation;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system in a first mode of operation according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the thermal management system of FIG. 4 in a second mode of operation;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the thermal management system of FIG. 4 in a third mode of operation;

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the flow paths of the thermal management system shown in FIG. 4 in a fourth mode of operation;

FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the thermal management system of FIG. 4 in a fifth mode of operation.

The solid lines in the drawings indicate that the flow path is open during this mode of operation, and the dashed lines indicate that the flow path is generally non-open during this mode of operation.

Detailed Description

The invention mainly provides a thermal management system which can be applied to vehicles with batteries or other electric heating devices and can be used for carrying out thermal management such as waste heat utilization on the electric heating devices and reducing the waste of heat.

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-3, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a thermal management system according to a first embodiment in a first operating mode; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the thermal management system in a second mode of operation; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the thermal management system in a third mode of operation.

The heat management system comprises a refrigerant system 01 and a coolant system, the coolant system comprises a first coolant system 02 and a second coolant system 03, and the heat management system further comprises an air supply device which provides heat or cold for a cockpit or a passenger cabin or other areas needing temperature control. The refrigerant system comprises a compressor 10, a condenser, a throttling element and an evaporator, wherein the condenser is positioned in a first heat exchanger 13, the evaporator is positioned in a second heat exchanger 14, the throttling element adopts an electric throttling valve such as an electronic expansion valve 11, and other electric throttling valves can be selected; the first heat exchanger 13 and the second heat exchanger 14 are both two-flow heat exchangers, and one flow path of the two is used for circulating refrigerant: a first flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13 is communicated with a first flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14, an inlet of the first flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13 is communicated with an outlet of the compressor 10, and an outlet of the first flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13 is communicated with the electronic expansion valve 11; an inlet of the first flow passage of the second heat exchanger 14 is communicated with the electronic expansion valve 11, and an outlet of the first flow passage of the second heat exchanger 14 is communicated with an inlet of the compressor 10. Alternatively, if the refrigerant has not changed phase in the system, the condenser may simply be a relatively high temperature heat exchanger for rejecting heat outwardly, while the evaporator is a relatively low temperature heat exchanger for absorbing heat. The cooling liquid mentioned in this specification is a medium for thermal management, which can be used not only to transfer cold for cooling a specific component but also to release heat for warming a specific component at times.

The first cooling liquid system comprises a first pump 15, a second flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13, a heater 26 and a radiator 23, the components can be directly connected or connected through a pipeline, a control valve assembly and the like, and the heater 26 and the radiator 23 are controlled to be communicated or not through the control valve assembly, wherein the embodiment is controlled by a three-way control valve 21; the second cooling liquid system comprises a second pump 19, a second flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14, a cooler 25 and a heat absorber 24, which can be directly connected or connected through a pipeline, a control valve assembly and the like, and the cooler 25 and the heat absorber 24 are controlled to be communicated or not through the control valve assembly, wherein the embodiment adopts a three-way control valve 22 for control; in addition, the second cooling liquid system further comprises a third heat exchanger 20 used for the electric heating device to perform heat exchange, one end of the third heat exchanger 20 is communicated with the second pump 19, the other end of the third heat exchanger 20 is connected with the other end connecting port of the second pump 19 through the electric heater 18 and the regulating valve 17, or the third heat exchanger 20 and the electric heater 18 are arranged in series and then form a flow path with the two sides of the second pump, namely: the second flow channel of the second heat exchanger, the cooler connected in parallel and the flow path formed by the heat absorber are connected in parallel, the fluid branch where the third heat exchanger is located is provided with a regulating valve 17, a third heat exchanger 20 and an electric heater 18, and the fluid branch connected in parallel with the fluid branch where the third heat exchanger is located comprises the flow path formed by the second flow channel of the second heat exchanger, the cooler connected in parallel and the heat absorber. In addition, the regulating valve 17 can be replaced by a three-way control valve, and the three-way control valve can be arranged at a three-way port where the second pump 19 is connected with the second heat exchanger and the electric heater 18, and is used for controlling the flow of the fluid flowing from the second pump to the electric heater 18.

The refrigerant of the refrigerant system and the circulating media of the two cooling liquid systems are mutually sealed and isolated, and the fluids, namely the cooling liquids, of the two cooling liquid systems are also mutually isolated, so that the refrigerant system is relatively simple, and the refrigerant system can be arranged at a certain distance from the cockpit or the passenger cabin, so that the refrigerant can select some media with relatively high pressure or even flammable such as carbon dioxide, propane and the like, and the place close to the cockpit or the passenger cabin carries out heat exchange by taking the fluid as the circulating media, and the pressures of the fluids are relatively low and the chemical stability is relatively higher. The system is more suitable for some vehicles which may adopt new refrigerants.

The first heat exchanger 13 and the second heat exchanger 14 are double-flow heat exchangers. When the thermal management system works, a refrigerant flows through a first flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13 in a high-temperature and high-pressure state under the action of the compressor 10, heat is transferred to fluid in a second flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13 through the first heat exchanger 13, the cooled refrigerant flows through the electronic expansion valve 11 or other throttling elements for throttling, then the refrigerant with lower temperature flows to the first flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14, cold is transferred to the fluid in the second flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14, the heat of a fluid medium in the second flow channel is absorbed, the refrigerant is heated or evaporated and then flows back to the compressor 10, the refrigerant enters the next cycle under the action of the compressor 10, and the fluid medium in the second flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14 absorbs the cold of the refrigerant in the first flow channel and reduces the temperature.

The thermal management system of the present embodiment includes at least the following three operation modes:

the first operation mode or cooling mode is suitable for the case that the passenger cabin or vehicle cabin needs to be cooled and the electric heating device needs to be cooled when the ambient temperature is high, such as summer, and the flow pattern of the fluid in the flow path can be seen in fig. 1. At this time, the first pump 15, the second pump 19, and the compressor 10 operate, the refrigerant system circulates, and the first coolant system and the second coolant system are also in operation. The control valve assembly of the first coolant system makes the second flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13 not communicate with the heater 26 but communicate with the radiator 23, specifically, the control valve assembly is controlled by the three-way control valve 21 to make the interface between the second flow channel and the heater 26 not communicate with each other but communicate with the interface between the radiators 23; the control valve assembly of the second coolant system communicates the second flow path of second heat exchanger 14 with cooler 25 and not with heat sink 24 in general, and specifically with the interface between cooler 25 and heat sink 24 controlled by three-way control valve 22.

The refrigerant of the refrigerant system is compressed by the compressor into a high temperature and high pressure state, enters the first flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13, emits heat therein, is throttled by the electronic expansion valve 11, enters the first flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14, absorbs heat in the second heat exchanger, and returns to the compressor. And the fluid of the first cooling liquid system, namely the cooling liquid, passes through the second flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13 under the power action of the first pump 15, and exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the first flow channel in the first heat exchanger 13, the fluid of the second flow channel absorbs the heat of the refrigerant of the first flow channel, and flows to the radiator 23 through the control valve assembly, the fluid of the first cooling liquid system emits heat in the radiator 23, and then returns to the first pump for the next cycle, so that the heat of the refrigerant of the first flow channel of the first heat exchanger is transferred to the radiator and radiated. The fluid of the second cooling liquid system, namely the cooling liquid, passes through the second flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14 under the power action of the second pump 19, and exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the first flow channel in the second heat exchanger 14, the fluid of the second flow channel gives off heat to the refrigerant of the first flow channel, and flows to the cooler 25 through the control valve component after being cooled, the fluid of the second cooling liquid system exchanges heat with the air around the cooler 25 in the cooler 25 to absorb the heat of the air passing through the cooler 25, and then returns to the second pump to perform the next cycle, so that the cold energy of the refrigerant of the first flow channel of the second heat exchanger is transferred to the cooler and cools the air around the cooler. At the same time, the regulating valve 17 is opened, the fluid passing through the second pump is divided into two parts, namely two fluid branches, one part passes through the second flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14, the other part passes through the regulating valve 17 and the electric heater 18, flows through the third heat exchanger 20, and then returns to the second pump to be mixed with the fluid from the cooler 25 and then is circulated through the second pump; the electric heater 18 is not normally operated, the electric heating device is cooled by discharging heat from the third heat exchanger 20, and since the temperature of the fluid flowing through the third heat exchanger 20 passes through the cooler 25 in such a way that the temperature of the fluid in the branch of the flow path where the third heat exchanger 20 is located is higher than or equal to the temperature of the fluid at the outlet of the cooler 25, the temperature of the fluid flowing to the third heat exchanger is not too low, and the temperature of the electric heating device is not too low, which is particularly suitable for some temperature-sensitive electric heating devices such as batteries, etc., which can be cooled by the cold transferred by the refrigerant, but the temperature is not too low. The regulating valve 17 may also be a flow control valve, or may be arranged at a position where the two branches are separated for distributing the flow of the two branches, one of which is led to the second heat exchanger and the other to the third heat exchanger.

The second operation mode or heating mode is suitable for the case that the environment temperature is low, such as winter, but the temperature is not particularly low, and at this time, the environment such as the passenger cabin or the vehicle cabin needs to be heated and the electric heating device still needs to be cooled, and the flowing mode of the fluid of each flow path can be referred to fig. 2. At this time, the first pump 15, the second pump 19, and the compressor 10 operate, the refrigerant system 01 circulates and operates, and the first coolant system and the second coolant system are also in an operating state. The control valve assembly of the first coolant system 02 enables the second flow passage of the first heat exchanger 13 to be communicated with the heater 26 and not communicated with the radiator 23 generally, specifically, the control valve assembly is controlled by the three-way control valve 21 to enable the second flow passage of the first heat exchanger 13 to be communicated with the interface between the heater 26 and not communicated with the interface between the radiator 23; the control valve assembly of second coolant system 03 disconnects the second flow path of second heat exchanger 14 from cooler 25 and communicates with heat absorber 24, specifically, controls the connection between heat absorber 24 and cooler 25 by three-way control valve 21.

The refrigerant of the refrigerant system 01 is compressed by the compressor into a high temperature and high pressure state, enters the first flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13, where it gives off heat, is throttled by the electronic expansion valve 11, enters the first flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14, absorbs heat in the second heat exchanger, and then returns to the compressor. And the fluid of the first cooling liquid system 02 passes through the second flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13 by the power action of the first pump 15, and exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the first flow channel in the first heat exchanger 13, the fluid of the second flow channel absorbs the heat of the refrigerant of the first flow channel, and flows to the heater 26 through the control valve assembly, the fluid of the first cooling liquid system gives off heat in the heater 26, heats the air around the heater, and the fluid returns to the first pump for the next cycle, so that the heat of the refrigerant of the first flow channel of the first heat exchanger is transferred to the heater and dissipated. The fluid of the second coolant system 03, i.e., the coolant, passes through the second flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14 under the power action of the second pump 19, and exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the first flow channel in the second heat exchanger 14, because the temperature of the refrigerant of the first flow channel is lower than that of the fluid of the second flow channel, the fluid of the second flow channel releases heat to the refrigerant of the first flow channel to reduce the temperature, and then flows to the heat absorber 24 through the control valve assembly after reducing the temperature, the fluid of the second coolant system exchanges heat with the air in the environment in the heat absorber 24 to absorb the heat of the air around the heat absorber 24, and then returns to the second pump to perform the next cycle, so that the cold energy of the refrigerant of the first flow channel of the second heat exchanger is transferred to the heat absorber and then to the air. At the same time, the regulating valve 17 is opened, and the fluid passing through the second pump is divided into two parts, wherein one part passes through the regulating valve 17 and the electric heater 18, flows through the third heat exchanger 20, then returns to the second pump to be mixed with the fluid from the heat absorber 24, and then is circulated through the second pump; the fluid temperature of the flow path branch in which the third heat exchanger is positioned is higher than or equal to the temperature of the fluid at the outlet of the heat absorber. The electric heater 18 is not normally operated, the electric heating device is cooled by discharging heat from the third heat exchanger 20, and since the temperature of the fluid flowing through the third heat exchanger 20 is heat exchanged by the heat absorber 24 in such an operation mode, the temperature is not too low, and the temperature of the electric heating device is not too low, which is suitable for some temperature-sensitive electric heating devices such as batteries, etc., and can be cooled by the cold transferred by the refrigerant, but the temperature is not too low. In addition, the electric heater 18 can be selectively operated, and if the temperature of the fluid flowing to the third heat exchanger is still too low, the fluid can be properly heated, so that the temperature of the fluid flowing through the third heat exchanger is in a preferred temperature range. In this way, not only the heat generating device is cooled, but also the heat generated by the heat generating device can be transferred to the fluid of the second coolant system through the third heat exchanger, and the efficiency of the refrigerant system can be relatively improved. The evaporation temperature in the mode can be generally higher than that in the refrigeration mode, so that an electronic throttle valve such as an electronic expansion valve is selected as a throttling element, the control is more sensitive and convenient, and the requirements of different working conditions can be met.

The third operating mode or the dehumidification mode is suitable for when the ambient humidity is high and the electric heating device also needs to be cooled, such as in rainy days, the environment such as the passenger cabin or the vehicle cabin needs to be dehumidified to avoid influencing the sight of the vehicle window, and at this time, the flow mode of the fluid can be referred to fig. 3. At this time, the first pump 15, the second pump 19, and the compressor 10 operate, the refrigerant system circulates, and the first coolant system and the second coolant system are also in operation. The control valve assembly of the first coolant system enables the second flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13 to be communicated with the heater 26 and the radiator 23, the flow rates of the two branches of the heater 26 and the radiator 23 are controlled by the control valve assembly, specifically, the flow rates can be controlled and adjusted by the three-way control valve 21, and in addition, the flow rates can be controlled by two flow rate adjusting valves respectively or by combining one electromagnetic valve with one flow rate adjusting valve; the control valve assembly of the second coolant system communicates the second flow path of the second heat exchanger 14 with the cooler 25 and not with the heat sink 24, but can also communicate with the heat sink 24 to dissipate a portion of the cooling energy from the heat sink 24 if the cooling energy to the cooler is too great; specifically, the three-way control valve 22 controls the connection between the three-way control valve and the cooler 25, and the connection between the three-way control valve and the heat absorber 24 is not connected or connected according to the situation, or two flow regulating valves or one electromagnetic valve can be combined with one flow regulating valve to control and regulate.

The refrigerant of the refrigerant system is compressed by the compressor into a high temperature and high pressure state, enters the first flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13, emits heat therein, is throttled by the electronic expansion valve 11, enters the first flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14, absorbs heat in the second heat exchanger, and returns to the compressor. And the fluid of the first cooling liquid system passes through the second flow passage of the first heat exchanger 13 by the power of the first pump 15, the first heat exchanger 13 exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the first flow passage, the fluid of the second flow passage absorbs the heat of the refrigerant of the first flow passage, and is distributed to the heater 26 and the radiator 23 through the control valve assembly, the flow rate of the fluid to the heater is changed according to the temperature condition of the cockpit or passenger cabin, etc., if the ambient temperature is low and heating is desired in the cabin or passenger compartment, then the flow of fluid to the radiator 23 is low or even none, if the cockpit or the passenger cabin does not need to be warmed, the heat of the heater is only needed to enable the air cooled by the cooler to be properly heated, the fluid of the first coolant system can be made to first meet the demand for flow to the heater and the excess distributed to the radiator 23. The fluid of the first coolant system releases heat at the heater 26 and the radiator 23, and then the fluid is merged and returned to the first pump for the next cycle, so that the heat of the refrigerant in the first flow passage of the first heat exchanger is transferred to the heater and the radiator and radiated. The fluid of the second cooling liquid system passes through the second flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14 under the power action of the second pump 19, and exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the first flow channel in the second heat exchanger 14, the fluid of the second flow channel gives off heat to the refrigerant of the first flow channel, the fluid flows to the cooler 25 through the control valve assembly after being cooled, the fluid of the second cooling liquid system absorbs the heat of the air passing through the cooler 25 in the cooler 25, because the surface temperature of the cooler is relatively low, the moisture of the air passing through the cooler 25 can be condensed on the surface of the cooler to reduce the humidity of the passing air, and the fluid passing through the cooler 25 returns to the first pump, so that the cold energy of the refrigerant of the first flow channel of the second heat exchanger is transferred to the cooler to cool the air passing through the cooler and dehumidify the air. At the same time, the regulating valve 17 is opened, the fluid passing through the second pump is divided into two parts, one part of the fluid passes through the third heat exchanger 20 through the regulating valve 17 and the electric heater 18, the electric heater 18 does not work normally, the electric heating device emits heat in the third heat exchanger 20 to be cooled, and because the temperature of the fluid passing through the third heat exchanger 20 in such a working mode passes through the cooler 25, the temperature is not too low, and the fluid coming out of the third heat exchanger and the fluid coming from the cooler are mixed and then enter the second pump 19 together. The regulating valve 17 may also be a flow control valve, or may be arranged at a position where the two branches are separated, for distributing the flow of the two branches, one of which is led to the second heat exchanger 11 and the other of which is led through the third heat exchanger 20. Also, at relatively low temperatures, a portion of the fluid may be diverted to heat sink 24 if the flow of fluid to the cooler does not need to be too great. The power of the compressor may not need to be too great at this time, so that the compressor can be selected to be a variable displacement compressor such as an electric compressor, which is relatively more energy-saving. The regulating valve 17 and the three-way control valve 22 may also adopt a four-way valve as a control valve component, and the four-way valve is arranged at the intersection of the cooler, the radiator cooler, the third heat exchanger and the second pump flow path.

The heat management system can avoid the direct heat exchange between the electric heating device such as the battery heat exchanger and the like and the fluid coming out of the second flow channel of the second heat exchanger, so that the temperature of the fluid exchanging heat with the electric heating device is not too low, and the heat dissipation requirements of the components can be met to work at a proper temperature.

A second embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 4-8.

The heat management system also comprises a refrigerant system 01 and a cooling liquid system, the cooling liquid system comprises a first cooling liquid system 02 and a second cooling liquid system 03, and the heat management system also comprises an air supply device, the air supply device provides heat or cold energy for the cockpit or the passenger cabin or other areas needing temperature control, and the heated, cooled or dehumidified air is supplied to the cockpit or the passenger cabin or other areas needing temperature control. The refrigerant system comprises a compressor 10, a condenser, a throttling element and an evaporator, wherein the condenser is positioned at a first heat exchanger 13 in the embodiment, the evaporator is positioned at a second heat exchanger 14, and the throttling element adopts an electronic expansion valve 11; the heat exchanger can also comprise an internal heat exchanger 32, the internal heat exchanger can also be a gas-liquid separator with a heat regenerator, the first heat exchanger 13, the second heat exchanger 14 and the internal heat exchanger 32 are double-channel heat exchangers, one channel of the first heat exchanger 13 and the second heat exchanger 14 is used for circulating a refrigerant, the other channel is used for circulating a cooling liquid fluid, a first channel of the first heat exchanger 13 and a first channel of the second heat exchanger 14 are used for circulating the refrigerant, an inlet of the first channel of the first heat exchanger 13 is communicated with an outlet of the compressor 10, and an outlet of the first channel of the first heat exchanger 13 is communicated with the electronic expansion valve 11 through a second channel of the internal heat exchanger; an inlet of the first flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14 is communicated with the electronic expansion valve 11, and an outlet of the first flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14 is communicated with an inlet of the compressor 10 through the first flow channel of the internal heat exchanger. The refrigerant coming out of the first heat exchanger 13 and the refrigerant coming out of the second heat exchanger pass through two flow channels of the internal heat exchanger, and the internal heat exchanger 32 is used for performing heat exchange between the refrigerant coming out of the first heat exchanger 13 and the refrigerant coming out of the second heat exchanger, so that the condensation temperature of the refrigerant system can be reduced, the return-air temperature of the compressor can be increased, and the efficiency of the refrigeration system can be improved.

The first coolant system is the same as the first embodiment described above and will not be repeated here. The second cooling liquid system comprises a second pump 19, a second flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14, a cooler 25, a third heat exchanger and an electric heater 18, wherein the third heat exchanger comprises a battery heat exchanger 201, a motor heat exchanger 203, an electric device heat exchanger 202, and one or two or more of the three can be realized; the fluid branches of the battery heat exchanger 201, the motor heat exchanger 203 and the electric device heat exchanger 202 are controlled by the control valve assembly to be communicated, wherein a three-way flow control valve 31 is adopted in the embodiment; the thermal management system further comprises a damper that controls whether air passing around the cooler 25 exchanges heat with the cooler 25. The battery heat exchanger 201, the motor heat exchanger 203 and the electric device heat exchanger 202 are arranged in series in the embodiment, one end of the battery heat exchanger 201 is connected with the electric device heat exchanger 202, the other end of the electric device heat exchanger 202 is connected with the motor heat exchanger 203, and the other end of the motor heat exchanger 203 is connected with the electric heater 18; the electric heater 18 is communicated with the outlet of the cooler, the other end of the battery heat exchanger 201 is converged with the fluid from the cooler and then connected to the second pump, in the embodiment, the three-way flow control valve 31 is arranged at the position where the battery heat exchanger 201 and the cooler are converged, or at the position where the fluid from the cooler needs to be branched, so that a part of the fluid from the cooler is divided and sequentially flows through the electric heater 18, the motor heat exchanger 203, the electric device heat exchanger 202 and the battery heat exchanger 201, and the rest of the fluid is mixed with the fluid from the battery heat exchanger and then flows back to the second pump. The three-way flow control valve 31 may also be replaced by other control valves such as a flow control valve plus a control valve or two flow control valves, etc. In this embodiment, the fluid from the second pump passes entirely through the cooler 25, and the cooler 25 is selectively heat exchanged or substantially not heat exchanged by damper control.

The connection in the specification includes direct connection, and also includes indirect connection such as connection through a pipeline, a pipeline piece, a control valve component, a heat regenerator, a gas-liquid separator and a liquid reservoir; communication in this specification includes direct communication and also includes indirect communication such as communication via piping, piping members, control valve assemblies, regenerators, gas-liquid separators, reservoirs, and the like.

The third heat exchanger used for heat exchange of the electric heating device in this embodiment includes the battery heat exchanger 201, the motor heat exchanger 203, and the electric device heat exchanger 202, or two or more of them, and these heat exchangers are arranged in series, so that the temperatures of a plurality of electric heating devices are different according to different requirements, and thus the service lives of these electric heating devices can be prolonged; in addition, the heat exchangers can be arranged in parallel, so that the pipelines are slightly troublesome, the heat exchangers of different electric heating devices need to be subjected to flow control, and the temperature of the fluid to the heat exchangers is slightly lower.

If the temperature of the fluid used to cool the equipment is too low while the electric heat generating device is cooling, the electric heater 18 can be used to control the temperature of the fluid entering the heat exchanger of the electric heat generating device to ensure that the equipment being cooled is not too cold.

The refrigerant of the refrigerant system of the system is isolated from the circulating media of the two cooling liquid systems, and the fluids of the two cooling liquid systems are also isolated from each other, so that the refrigerant system is relatively simple, and the refrigerant system can be arranged at a certain distance from the cockpit or the passenger cabin, so that the refrigerant can select some media with relatively higher pressure, such as carbon dioxide and the like, and the fluid is used as the circulating media for heat exchange at a position close to the cockpit or the passenger cabin, and the fluid has relatively lower pressure and relatively higher chemical stability. The system is more suitable for some vehicles which may adopt new refrigerants.

When the heat management system works, a refrigerant flows through a first flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13 in a high-temperature and high-pressure state under the action of the compressor 10, heat is transferred to fluid in a second flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13, the cooled refrigerant exchanges heat with low-temperature refrigerant from the second heat exchanger through the internal heat exchanger 32, the temperature is further reduced, the refrigerant flows through the electronic expansion valve 11 for throttling, then the low-temperature refrigerant flows to the first flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14, cold energy is transferred to the fluid in the second flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14, the heat of a fluid medium in the second flow channel is absorbed, the refrigerant flows through the internal heat exchanger after temperature is increased or the refrigerant is evaporated, the heat of the refrigerant with higher temperature from the first heat exchanger is absorbed, the refrigerant returns to the compressor 10, and the refrigerant enters the next cycle, so that the return temperature of the compressor can be increased, the efficiency can be improved.

The thermal management system of the present embodiment may include the following modes of operation:

the first operation mode, i.e. the cooling mode, is suitable for the environment with higher ambient temperature, such as summer, the passenger cabin or the vehicle cabin, etc. which needs to be cooled and the electric heating device which needs to be cooled, and the flow mode of the fluid can refer to fig. 4. At this time, the first pump 15, the second pump 19 and the compressor 10 are operated, the refrigerant system is circulated, and the first cooling liquid system and the second cooling liquid system are also in an operating state. The control valve assembly of the first coolant system makes the second flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13 not communicate with the heater 26 but communicate with the radiator 23, specifically, the control valve assembly is controlled by the three-way control valve 21 to make the interface between the second flow channel and the heater 26 not communicate with each other but communicate with the interface between the radiators 23; also the three-way control valve can be replaced by other control valves, such as two control valves. The cooler 25 of the second coolant system is always connected, and the control valve assembly controls the flow of fluid through the heat exchanger of the electric heating device such as the battery heat exchanger, specifically, controls the flow of fluid through the branch of the battery heat exchanger 201 through the flow control valve 31.

The fluid flow pattern of the first coolant system can be referred to as the cooling mode of the first embodiment above. The fluid of the second coolant system passes through the second flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14 under the power action of the second pump 19, and exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the first flow channel in the second heat exchanger 14, the fluid of the second flow channel gives off heat to the refrigerant of the first flow channel, and flows to the cooler 25 after being cooled, at this time, the damper is opened, the air passing through the cooler can exchange heat with the fluid in the cooler, i.e., the coolant, the fluid of the second coolant system absorbs the heat of the air passing through the cooler 25 in the cooler 25, and then is divided into two branches, the bypass branch passes through the control valve assembly to the second pump, the other branch passes through the electric heater 18 first, then flows through the motor heat exchanger 203, the electric device heat exchanger 202 and the battery heat exchanger 201 in sequence, and then is mixed with the fluid of the bypass branch through the control valve assembly, and the mixed fluid enters the next cycle through the second pump. In addition, the control valve assembly can be arranged at the position where the two branches are separated, and mainly plays a role in distributing the flow of the two branches, and even two control valves such as flow regulating valves can be respectively arranged on the two branches. And the second pump can be arranged at any position of the main path of the second cooling liquid system, such as between the outlet of the second flow passage of the second heat exchanger and the cooler or between the outlet of the cooler and the main path before the two branches are separated, so that the installation position requirement is not high, and the method can be suitable for the installation requirements of different vehicles.

So that the cooling capacity of the refrigerant in the first flow channel of the second heat exchanger is transferred to the cooler and cools the air passing through the cooler, the temperature of the fluid can be raised, the fluid passing through the cooler 25 is divided into two branches, one part of the bypass branch is directly circulated, the other part of the bypass branch passes through the electric heater 18 and then flows through the third heat exchanger, at this time, the electric heater does not work, the fluid has undergone a heat exchange in the cooler, the temperature is not too low, if the temperature of the fluid in the cooler is 5-10 ℃, the temperature of the fluid in the motor heat exchanger 203 can be about 15 ℃, the temperature of the fluid in the battery heat exchanger is about 20 ℃, the electric heating device such as a battery has a better working temperature range, the temperature of the fluid in the battery heat exchanger 201 is not as low as possible, but has a suitable cooling temperature range, the temperature of the fluid in the battery heat exchanger can be adjusted according to the cooling needs of the battery, if the temperature of the fluid in the branch is lower, the flow rate of the fluid in the branch can be increased, so that the working temperature of the battery can be controlled in a better range. Therefore, it is also possible to provide a temperature detection device such as a temperature sensor for the fluid temperature in the battery heat exchanger 201 and to appropriately adjust the flow rate by the control valve assembly according to the detected temperature.

The second working mode is a cooling mode of the electric heating device, please refer to fig. 5, and is suitable for relatively comfortable environment temperatures in spring and autumn, and at this time, the environment such as the passenger cabin or the vehicle cabin does not need to be warmed or refrigerated, but the electric heating device needs to be cooled. The operation of the refrigerant system and the operation of the first cooling liquid system can refer to the first operation mode, and the description is not repeated; the radiator of the first cooling liquid system radiates the heat transferred by the refrigerant system to the outside, and the second cooling liquid system uses the cold absorbed by the refrigerant system to cool the electric heating device, at the moment, the requirement on the cold is low, so that the compressor can be in a low-displacement state, the relative power consumption is low, and the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant system is increased. The fluid of the second cooling liquid system passes through the second flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14 under the power action of the second pump 19, absorbs the cold energy of the refrigerant of the first flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14, then flows to the cooler 25, the air door is closed at the moment, the air passing through the cooler does not basically exchange heat with the fluid in the cooler, the fluid of the second cooling liquid system passes through the branch where the third heat exchanger is located, the bypass branch is not conducted, the fluid passes through the electric heater 18, then sequentially passes through the motor heat exchanger 203, the electric device heat exchanger 202 and the battery heat exchanger 201, then passes through the control valve assembly, and enters the next circulation through the second pump. This arrangement is energy efficient and results in substantially no waste. Of course, the damper may be opened to allow the cooler to exchange heat with air, and then the passing air with a lower temperature absorbs a certain amount of heat in the heater to appropriately increase the temperature, which may meet the requirement of the system heat management but has a certain loss and a slightly lower energy efficiency.

The third operating mode is a single cooling mode, please refer to fig. 6, and is suitable for some situations where solar radiation is large but the ambient temperature is low, or may also be suitable for situations when the vehicle is just started, where the passenger cabin or the vehicle cabin needs cooling and the temperature of the electric heating device is still low and does not need cooling. The operation of the refrigerant system and the operation of the first cooling liquid system can refer to the first operation mode, and the description is not repeated; the radiator of the first coolant system radiates heat transferred from the refrigerant system to the outside, and the second coolant system uses the cold absorbed from the refrigerant system to cool an area requiring cooling, such as a passenger cabin or a vehicle cabin. The fluid of the second coolant system passes through the second flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14 under the power action of the second pump 19, the cold energy of the refrigerant in the first flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14 is absorbed, then the fluid flows to the cooler 25, the air door is opened at the moment, the air passing through the cooler exchanges heat with the fluid in the cooler, the fluid of the second coolant system completely passes through the bypass branch and then passes through the control valve assembly to enter the next circulation through the second pump, the branch where the third heat exchanger is located is not communicated, the fluid does not pass through the flow channel where the electric heating device such as the battery heat exchanger 201 is located, and when the temperature of the electric heating device rises, the first working mode, namely the refrigeration mode, can be switched to when the electric heating device starts to need cooling.

The fourth operation mode is a heating mode, in which the fluid flow path operates as shown in fig. 7, and the heating mode includes a first heating mode and a second heating mode, which are different in that the electric heater 18 is operated or not operated. The first heating mode is suitable for the situation that the electric heater 18 does not work when the temperature is not particularly low and the electric heating device still needs to be cooled when the environment temperature is low and the passenger cabin or the vehicle cabin needs to be warmed in winter; the second heating mode is suitable for when the temperature is low, the electric heating device does not need to be cooled or the electric heating device needs to be cooled but the temperature of the fluid is high, or even the electric heating device needs to be heated, and then the electric heater 18 works to increase the temperature of the fluid passing through.

Taking the first heating mode as an example, the first pump 15, the second pump 19, and the compressor 10 are operated, and the refrigerant system 01 is circulated in a similar manner as in the cooling mode, but the flow of the refrigerant may be the same but the operation parameters of the system may be different. The control valve assembly of the first coolant system 02 enables the second flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13 to be communicated with the heater 26 and not communicated with the radiator 23, specifically, the control valve assembly is controlled by the three-way control valve 21 to enable the second flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13 to be communicated with the interface between the heater 26 and not communicated with the interface between the radiator 23; the damper for controlling the cooler of the second coolant system 03 is closed. The refrigerant of the refrigerant system 01 is compressed by the compressor into a high-temperature high-pressure state, enters the first flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13, exchanges heat with low-temperature media before returning to the compressor through the internal heat exchanger 32 after releasing heat, is further cooled and throttled by the electronic expansion valve 11, the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant is controlled in a higher range as much as possible at this time, the throttled refrigerant enters the first flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14, absorbs the heat of the fluid of the second cooling liquid system in the second heat exchanger, exchanges heat with the refrigerant radiated by the first heat exchanger through the internal heat exchanger 32, and then returns to the compressor. And the fluid of the first cooling liquid system 02 passes through the second flow passage of the first heat exchanger 13 under the power action of the first pump 15, and exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the first flow passage in the first heat exchanger 13, the fluid of the second flow passage absorbs the heat of the refrigerant of the first flow passage, the temperature is increased, the fluid flows to the heater 26 through the control valve assembly, the fluid of the first cooling liquid system emits heat in the heater 26, the air passing through the heater 26 is heated, and then the fluid returns to the first pump for the next cycle, so that the heat of the refrigerant of the first flow passage of the first heat exchanger is transferred to the heater and radiated. The fluid of the second coolant system 03 passes through the second flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14 under the power action of the second pump 19, and exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the first flow channel in the second heat exchanger 14, the temperature of the refrigerant of the first flow channel is lower than that of the fluid of the second flow channel, the fluid of the second flow channel releases heat to the refrigerant of the first flow channel to reduce the temperature, and then the fluid flows to the cooler 25 after reducing the temperature, but the air door is closed at the moment, so that the heat is not basically exchanged in the cooler, the low-temperature fluid of the second coolant system flows through the electric heater 18, then flows to the heat exchangers of the electric heating devices to exchange heat, and then returns to the second pump to perform the next cycle, and the heat of the electric heating devices is used for increasing the temperature of the fluid of the second coolant system, namely, the waste heat of the electric heating devices is used. In this way, not only the heat generating device is cooled, but also the heat generated by the heat generating device can be transferred to the fluid of the second coolant system through the heat exchanger, and the efficiency of the refrigerant system can be relatively improved. If the temperature of the fluid in the second cooling fluid system is lower, the electric heater 18 can be operated, i.e. switched to the second heating mode, so that the temperature of the fluid flowing through the electric heating device such as the battery heat exchanger is in a better temperature range, and the service life of the electric device such as the battery is ensured.

The fifth operating mode is a dehumidification mode, and is suitable for use when the ambient humidity is high and the electric heating device also needs to be cooled, in rainy days, the passenger cabin or the vehicle cabin needs to be dehumidified to avoid influencing the sight of the vehicle window, and at this time, the flowing mode of the fluid can refer to fig. 8. In this case, the first pump 15, the second pump 19, and the compressor 10 are operated, and the refrigerant system may refer to the cooling mode or the heating mode; the first cooling liquid system and the second cooling liquid system are also in a working state. The control valve assembly of the first coolant system communicates the second flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13 with the heater 26 and can communicate with the radiator 23, the flow rates of the two branches of the heater 26 and the radiator 23 are controlled by the control valve assembly, specifically, the control and regulation of the three-way control valve 21 can be controlled by two flow rate regulating valves or by combining one electromagnetic valve with one flow rate regulating valve; the control valve assembly of the second coolant system then controls the flow of fluid through the branch of the heat exchanger that cools the electric heat-generating device. The control valve assembly of the second cooling liquid system can be a three-way flow distribution valve, and can also be controlled and adjusted through two flow adjusting valves or a solenoid valve combined with one flow adjusting valve.

The fluid of the first cooling liquid system passes through the second flow channel of the first heat exchanger 13 by the power action of the first pump 15, and exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the first flow channel in the first heat exchanger 13, the fluid of the second flow channel absorbs the heat of the refrigerant of the first flow channel, and is distributed to the heater 26 and the radiator 23 by the control valve assembly, the flow rate of the fluid to the heater is changed according to the temperature condition of the cockpit or the passenger cabin, if the ambient temperature is low and the cockpit or the passenger cabin needs to be warmed, the flow rate of the fluid to the radiator 23 can even be omitted, and if the cockpit or the passenger cabin does not need to be warmed, the fluid of the first cooling liquid system only needs to enable the air cooled by the cooler to be properly warmed by the heat of the heater, so that the fluid of the first cooling liquid system can meet the flow rate requirement of the fluid to the heater, and the redundant part is distributed to the radiator 23. The fluid of the first coolant system releases heat at the heater 26 and the radiator 23, and then, after being merged, returns to the first pump 15 to circulate, so that the heat of the refrigerant in the first flow passage of the first heat exchanger is transferred to the heater and the radiator to be radiated. The fluid of the second cooling liquid system passes through the second flow channel of the second heat exchanger 14 under the power action of the second pump 19, and exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the first flow channel in the second heat exchanger 14, the fluid of the second flow channel gives off heat to the refrigerant of the first flow channel, and flows to the cooler 25 after being cooled, the fluid of the second cooling liquid system absorbs the heat of the air passing through the cooler 25 in the cooler 25 to cool the air, because the surface temperature of the cooler is relatively low, the water vapor in the air passing through the cooler 25 can be condensed into condensed water on the surface of the cooler, so that the humidity of the passing air is reduced, the fluid passing through the cooler 25 is divided into two branches under the control of the control valve assembly, the bypass branch returns to the second pump, the other branch passes through the electric heater 18 first, then sequentially passes through the motor heat exchanger 203, the electric device heat exchanger 202 and the battery heat exchanger 201, and then is mixed with the fluid of the bypass branch through the control valve assembly, and is circulated by the second pump. The electric heater 18 is normally not operated and the electric heating device, such as a battery, is cooled by releasing heat in its corresponding heat exchanger, so that the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger of the electric heating device has already passed the cooler 25 and the temperature is not too low, and the fluid coming out of the third heat exchanger is mixed with the fluid coming from the cooler and then enters the second pump 19. In addition, the flow control valve can be arranged at the position where the two branches are separated or the two branches are separated, and is used for distributing the flow of the two branches. Generally, when the temperature is relatively low, the flow rate of the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger of the electric heating device does not need to be too large.

Thus, the heat management system can transfer the heat of the heating components to the passenger cabin or the vehicle cabin, so that the cooling of the heating components, the adjustment of the temperature of the passenger cabin and the like and the reasonable utilization of the heat in the electric vehicle are realized, fewer devices and simpler connecting loops are utilized, the reasonable transfer of the heat is realized, the utilization rate of the heat is improved, the heat dissipation problem of the heating components, the temperature control problem of the passenger cabin and the like and the reasonable utilization problem of the heat are comprehensively solved, and the reasonable management of the thermal system of the vehicle with the electric heating devices such as the battery and the like is realized; on the other hand, heat transfer is realized through two cooling liquid systems, the refrigerant system can adopt environment-friendly and flammable refrigerants such as R1234yf, R152a and propane R290 or high-pressure refrigerants such as co2 and the like, the charging amount of the refrigerants is reduced, and the refrigerant system can be arranged outside the passenger cabin, so that the refrigerants are thoroughly prevented from entering the passenger cabin, and the safety is improved. In addition, the refrigerant system is relatively simple and is a circulating system in one direction all the time, the components can adopt relatively proper structures, and the index requirements on internal leakage and the like of the components can be reduced. Meanwhile, in order to meet complex vehicle thermal management requirements, components of the refrigerant system are greatly reduced, and the risk of refrigerant leakage is reduced.

The thermal management system provided by the present invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention may be subject to several modifications, combinations or replacements, for example, a first pump may be disposed at the outlet end of the second flow passage of the first heat exchanger, a second pump may be disposed at the outlet end of the second flow passage of the second heat exchanger, and so on, which also fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A heat management system comprises a refrigerant system and a cooling liquid system, wherein the cooling liquid system comprises a first cooling liquid system and a second cooling liquid system, the refrigerant system comprises a compressor and a throttling element, the first cooling liquid system comprises a heater and a radiator, and the second cooling liquid system comprises a cooler; the refrigerant of the refrigerant system is isolated from the cooling liquid of the first cooling liquid system and does not flow, and the refrigerant of the refrigerant system is isolated from the cooling liquid of the second cooling liquid system and does not flow; the heat management system comprises a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger and an electric heater, wherein the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger comprise two flow channels; when the thermal management system is in operation, the first cooling liquid system and the refrigerant system can exchange heat at the first heat exchanger, and the second cooling liquid system and the refrigerant system can exchange heat at the second heat exchanger; the second cooling liquid system also comprises a third heat exchanger, and the cooling liquid of the second cooling liquid system can exchange heat with the electric heating device at the third heat exchanger;

the heat management system further comprises a fluid branch which is connected with the fluid branch where the third heat exchanger is located in parallel, the second cooling liquid system comprises a second pump, a second flow channel of the second heat exchanger, a cooler and a heat absorber, the cooler and the heat absorber are connected in parallel, one end of the third heat exchanger is connected with the electric heater, and the other end of the electric heater is connected with an outlet of the second pump; the other end of the third heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the second pump and an outlet of the cooler and the heat absorber; inlets of the cooler and the heat absorber are connected with a second flow channel of the second heat exchanger; and the outlet of the second pump is connected with a second flow channel of the second heat exchanger.

2. The thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the electric heater is disposed in a fluid branch of the third heat exchanger; the refrigerant system further includes a first flow passage of a first heat exchanger, a first flow passage of a second heat exchanger; the compressor, a first flow passage of the first heat exchanger, the throttling element and a first flow passage of the second heat exchanger are connected; the cooling liquid of the first cooling liquid system and the cooling liquid of the second cooling liquid system are mutually isolated, and the two cooling liquid systems are not communicated; the first cooling liquid system comprises a first pump, a second flow channel of the first heat exchanger, a radiator and a heater, wherein the radiator and the heater are arranged in parallel.

3. The thermal management system of claim 2, comprising at least the following modes of operation: a cooling mode, a heating mode and a dehumidifying mode;

4. A thermal management system comprises a refrigerant system and a cooling liquid system, wherein the cooling liquid system comprises a first cooling liquid system and a second cooling liquid system, the refrigerant system comprises a compressor and a throttling element, the first cooling liquid system comprises a heater and a radiator, and the second cooling liquid system comprises a cooler; the refrigerant of the refrigerant system is isolated from the cooling liquid of the first cooling liquid system and does not flow, and the refrigerant of the refrigerant system is isolated from the cooling liquid of the second cooling liquid system and does not flow; the heat management system comprises a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger and an electric heater, wherein the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger comprise two flow channels; when the thermal management system is in operation, the first cooling liquid system and the refrigerant system can exchange heat at the first heat exchanger, and the second cooling liquid system and the refrigerant system can exchange heat at the second heat exchanger; the second cooling liquid system also comprises a third heat exchanger, and the cooling liquid of the second cooling liquid system can exchange heat with the electric heating device at the third heat exchanger;

the heat management system also comprises a fluid branch which is connected with the fluid branch where the third heat exchanger is located in parallel, the second cooling liquid system comprises a second pump, a second flow channel of the second heat exchanger and a cooler, one end of the third heat exchanger is connected with the electric heater, and the fluid branch which is connected with the fluid branch where the third heat exchanger is located in parallel is a bypass branch; the other end of the electric heater is connected with the bypass branch and the cooler, and the other end of the third heat exchanger is connected with the bypass branch; the other end of the cooler is connected with a second flow passage of the second heat exchanger or connected with the second flow passage of the second heat exchanger through the second pump.

5. The thermal management system of claim 4, wherein the electric heater is disposed in a fluid branch of the third heat exchanger; the refrigerant system further includes a first flow passage of a first heat exchanger, a first flow passage of a second heat exchanger; the compressor, a first flow passage of the first heat exchanger, the throttling element and a first flow passage of the second heat exchanger are connected; the cooling liquid of the first cooling liquid system and the cooling liquid of the second cooling liquid system are mutually isolated, and the two cooling liquid systems are not communicated; the first cooling liquid system comprises a first pump, a second flow channel of the first heat exchanger, a radiator and a heater, wherein the radiator and the heater are arranged in parallel.

6. The thermal management system of claim 5, wherein the thermal management system comprises at least three modes of operation: a cooling mode, a heating mode and a dehumidifying mode;

7. The thermal management system of any of claims 1-6, wherein said third heat exchanger comprises a battery heat exchanger, an electrical device heat exchanger, an electric machine heat exchanger; the battery heat exchanger and the motor heat exchanger are arranged in series, the motor heat exchanger is relatively close to the cooler than the battery heat exchanger when viewed from the flowing distance of a flow path, and the electric part heat exchanger is arranged between the motor heat exchanger and the battery heat exchanger.

8. The thermal management system of any of claims 1-6, wherein the compressor is a variable displacement compressor and the throttling element is an electrically-operated throttle; one end of a compressor of the refrigerant system is connected with a first flow channel of the first heat exchanger, and the other end of the compressor of the refrigerant system is connected with a first flow channel of the second heat exchanger; one end of the electric throttle valve is connected with the first flow channel of the first heat exchanger, and the other end of the electric throttle valve is connected with the first flow channel of the second heat exchanger.

9. The thermal management system of any of claims 1-6, wherein the compressor is a variable displacement compressor and the throttling element is an electronic expansion valve; one end of a compressor of the refrigerant system is connected with a first flow channel of the first heat exchanger, and one end of the throttling element is connected with a first flow channel of the second heat exchanger; the refrigerant system further includes an internal heat exchanger comprising two flow paths: one end of the first flow channel of the internal heat exchanger is connected with the compressor, and the other end of the first flow channel of the internal heat exchanger is connected with the first flow channel of the second heat exchanger; one end of the second flow passage of the internal heat exchanger is connected with the first flow passage of the first heat exchanger, and the other end of the second flow passage of the internal heat exchanger is connected with the throttling element.

10. The thermal management system of claim 9, further comprising an air supply system, wherein the air duct of the air supply system has the cooler and the heater disposed therein, the air cooler is relatively closer to the air inlet of the air duct than the heater, and the heater is relatively closer to the air outlet of the air duct.