CN107639907B - Flame-retardant insect-proof formaldehyde-free plate and processing method thereof - Google Patents
Flame-retardant insect-proof formaldehyde-free plate and processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a processing method of a flame-retardant insect-proof formaldehyde-free plate, which comprises the following steps: preparing a single board; preparing silicon-magnesium adhesive: firstly, 100 parts of magnesium chloride, 250-450 parts of magnesium oxide, 200-300 parts of water and 10-200 parts of silicon oxide are added, after uniform stirring, 1-20 parts of phosphoric acid aqueous solution is added, the concentration of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 60-70%, so that the pH value of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 6.5-7, and the active period of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 2-4 hours; brushing silicon-magnesium glue on the surface of the single plate; sequentially paving and sticking the veneers together, and putting the veneers into a cold press for cold pressing treatment in the active period of the silicon-magnesium adhesive: and (3) directly performing drainage treatment on the cold-pressed plate without hot pressing treatment to obtain a finished product. The invention has the advantages of simple process, easy coating, low cost and no hot pressure, and the obtained finished product has the advantages of flame retardance, insect prevention, no formaldehyde and no deformation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wood building material, in particular to a flame-retardant insect-proof formaldehyde-free plate; also relates to a preparation method of the flame-retardant insect-proof formaldehyde-free board.
Background
Most of the glue of the traditional plywood is urea-formaldehyde glue, and the raw materials of the glue are petroleum byproducts and are inflammable. The production process of plywood is veneer gluing → cold pressing → hot pressing → sanding → baling. The maximum cost is put in the hot pressing link, the largest investment in the production of each plywood is a hot pressing workshop, and the link which is most prone to product quality is a hot pressing process.
The traditional multilayer structure of traditional plywood process flow is from top to bottom, and a vertical and horizontal rubber coating is overlapped, and the structure of the length and width direction that can structurally strengthen like this accomplishes and prevents to warp, but beat the groove and mill the physique and do not have the feel of wood now. If the traditional glue adopts a multi-layer board with a full homodromous structure, the texture of solid wood is good during processing, but the phenomenon of tile bending deformation is easily generated, so that the market does not have a floor base material with the full homodromous structure. The structure of the traditional plywood is not perfect and is too single, the longitudinal length and the transverse direction are usually compared, the longitudinal direction is twice as long as the transverse direction, the layer thickness is consistent, when the longitudinal direction needs to have larger strength, the uppermost longitudinal veneer and the lowermost longitudinal veneer of the plywood are very thin and cannot be combined into a whole to form resultant force, and the strength cannot reach the optimal state.
For magnesium glue, the magnesium glue of the prior art is applied to the hot pressing process. For example, patent No. 201510646389.1 discloses an aldehyde-free liquid adhesive and a method for processing artificial boards, which is prepared from an aqueous solution of magnesium chloride and magnesium oxide powder of inorganic materials, according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, mixing and blending in proportion; wherein the magnesium chloride aqueous solution is prepared from magnesium chloride powder or halogen sheets and water according to the proportion of 1: 1-1: 3, and the purity of the magnesium chloride powder or the halogen slice is 45-99 percent. After the aldehyde-free liquid adhesive is coated, hot pressing can be directly carried out, cold pressing is not needed, the processing flow is simplified, the production efficiency is higher, meanwhile, the hot pressing temperature is lower, the energy consumption is reduced, and the production cost is lower. However, the magnesium glue has insufficient practicability, and if the glue coating difficulty is high, the magnesium glue needs to be subjected to hot pressing treatment to achieve ideal strength. Moreover, the curing can be realized only after a long time of hot pressing, and the production cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a processing method of the flame-retardant insect-proof formaldehyde-free board, which has the advantages of simple process, easy coating, low cost, no need of hot pressing and high-temperature drying, and the obtained finished product has the advantages of flame retardance, insect prevention, formaldehyde free and no deformation.
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the flame-retardant insect-proof formaldehyde-free board prepared by the processing method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a processing method of a flame-retardant insect-proof formaldehyde-free board, which comprises the following steps:
preparing a single plate, wherein the water content of the single plate is less than 12%;
preparing silicon-magnesium adhesive: firstly, 100 parts of magnesium chloride, 250-450 parts of magnesium oxide, 200-300 parts of water and 10-200 parts of silicon oxide are added, after uniform stirring, 1-20 parts of phosphoric acid aqueous solution is added, the concentration of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 60-70%, so that the pH value of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 6.5-7, and the active period of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 2-4 hours;
brushing silicon-magnesium glue on the surface of a single plate, wherein the glue coating amount of the single plate is 190-210 g per square meter of single surface;
sequentially paving veneers together, and putting the veneers into a cold press for cold pressing treatment in an active period of silicon-magnesium adhesive, wherein the pressure of the cold press is 400-600 tons, and the cold pressing treatment time is 8-28h, and the veneers comprise a first veneer with the longitudinal wood grain direction and the thickness of 1-4mm, a second veneer with the transverse wood grain direction and the thickness of 0.1-2mm, and a third veneer with the longitudinal wood grain direction and the thickness of 1-4 mm; the veneers are laid according to the following steps that:
the first single plate, the second single plate and/or the third single plate are/is a glass magnesium plate;
the cold-pressed plate is directly subjected to drainage treatment at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ without hot pressing treatment, the treatment time is 40-50 hours, and a finished product with the water content of 10-14% is obtained.
As a preferable scheme of the processing method, the third veneer and/or the first veneer is/are a magnesium oxide board, and the second veneer is a common wood board.
As a preferable scheme of the processing method, 100 parts of magnesium chloride, 300-350 parts of magnesium oxide, 220-260 parts of water and 50-150 parts of silicon oxide are added, after uniform stirring, 1-10 parts of phosphoric acid aqueous solution is added, the concentration of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 65-68%, so that the pH value of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 6.5-6.8, and the active period of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 2-3 hours.
As a preferable scheme of the processing method, the gluing amount of the veneer is 195-205 g per square meter.
As a preferable scheme of the processing method, the pressure of the cold press is 450-550 tons, and the cold pressing treatment time is 10-20 h.
As the preferable scheme of the processing method, the single plates comprise a first single plate with the longitudinal wood grain direction and the thickness of 1.7-2.6mm, a second single plate with the transverse wood grain direction and the thickness of 0.1-0.5mm, and a third single plate with the longitudinal wood grain direction and the thickness of 1.7-2.6 mm; the veneers are stacked according to the first veneer, the second veneer, the third veneer, the second veneer and the first veneer.
As a preferable embodiment of the processing method, the first veneer is previously treated with a solution of monoammonium phosphate.
As a preferable scheme of the processing method, the cold-pressed plate is directly subjected to drainage treatment at the temperature of 65-75 ℃ without hot pressing treatment, the treatment time is 45-48 hours, and a finished product with the water content of 12% is obtained.
As a preferable mode of the processing method, the drainage treatment is carried out by a conventional drying kiln, a vacuum drying kiln, an air energy dryer or natural air drying.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a flame-retardant insect-proof formaldehyde-free board which is prepared by the processing method.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts silicon-magnesium glue, wherein the silicon-magnesium glue consists of 100 parts of magnesium chloride, 250-450 parts of magnesium oxide, 200-300 parts of water, 10-200 parts of silicon oxide and 1-20 parts of phosphoric acid aqueous solution, the concentration of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 60-70%, and other water-soluble adhesives can also be properly added. In order to increase the flame retardant ability of the glue, the invention reduces the adding amount of magnesium oxide and adds silicon oxide with corresponding weight, thus greatly improving the flame retardant effect of the glue, simultaneously reducing or canceling the adding amount of PVA, improving the silk adhesion degree of the glue, increasing the waterproof and fireproof functions and improving the flame retardant effect by 20 percent. The curing time of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is adjusted by adopting the aqueous solution of phosphoric acid, the active period is controlled to be about 3 hours by using 1-10 parts of highly acidic phosphoric acid, and the adhesive coating performance is improved, so that the adhesive coating is uniform and convenient to glue. The pH value of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is 6.5-7, and the active period of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is further accurately controlled.
The surface of traditional panel is still easy because of too big difference in temperature, and the production is cracked, and the veneer of the thin transverse structure of one deck is set up to the next floor on panel top layer in this application innovation, as panel and surperficial additional strengthening, does not influence the sculpture function of panel when syntropy like this, and the surface can have ideal transverse structure and surface again and combine to do benefit to the stability of whole panel.
By adopting the silicon-magnesium adhesive and the plate structure, the invention can obtain excellent strength only by cold pressing treatment. When the plywood does not need a hot pressing process, a large amount of energy consumption can be saved, the investment cost of enterprises can be reduced, the production links can be reduced, the yield can be improved, the cost can be reduced, and the quality can be improved.
In addition, in the glue active period, the glued single board is placed in a cold press with the pressure of 400-600 tons for 8-28 hours, the glue in the single board is solidified, the added water basically participates in the reaction during glue mixing to form a firm silicon-magnesium glue, then the firm silicon-magnesium glue is placed in a room with the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for drainage treatment, and a finished product can be obtained within about 48 hours without a high-temperature drying process, so that the glue is environment-friendly and energy-saving, and saves a large amount of electric energy and time.
Furthermore, in order to obtain a better flame retardant effect, the single board is made of the glass magnesium board, so that the single board can be used as an outer wall of a building material, the glass magnesium board has the water resistance and weather resistance of the glass magnesium board, and the veneer board has good strength, impact resistance and nail holding force of the veneer board.
In conclusion, the processing method of the invention has the advantages of simple process, easy coating, low cost, no hot pressing and no environmental pollution, and the obtained finished product has the advantages of flame retardance, insect prevention, no formaldehyde and no deformation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the combustion spread of the flame-retardant insect-proof formaldehyde-free board according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a smoke growth diagram of the flame-retardant insect-proof formaldehyde-free board of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below.
The invention provides a processing method of a flame-retardant insect-proof formaldehyde-free plate, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing a veneer, wherein the veneer can be a solid wood plate or an artificial plate. Preferably, the veneer is made of solid wood plates, and the water content is less than 12%.
The invention can be applied to the manufacture of various series of boards, such as floors, furniture boards, plywood, flame retardant boards and the like.
Secondly, preparing silicon-magnesium glue: firstly, 100 parts of magnesium chloride, 250-450 parts of magnesium oxide, 200-300 parts of water and 10-200 parts of silicon oxide are added, after uniform stirring, 1-20 parts of phosphoric acid aqueous solution is added, the concentration of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 60-70%, so that the pH value of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 6.5-7, and the active period of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 2-4 hours; the addition of silicon oxide in the magnesium glue component has the advantages of better increasing the flame retardant capability of the product and increasing the viscosity of the glue solution for convenient operation according to a certain proportion, but some modifying materials with smaller amount can also be properly added.
Preferably, 100 parts of magnesium chloride, 300-350 parts of magnesium oxide, 220-260 parts of water and 50-150 parts of silicon oxide are added, after uniform stirring, 1-10 parts of phosphoric acid aqueous solution is added, the concentration of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 65-68%, so that the pH value of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 6.5-6.8, and the active period of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 2-3 hours.
More preferably, 100 parts of magnesium chloride, 300 parts of magnesium oxide, 230 parts of water and 80-120 parts of silicon oxide are added, after uniform stirring, 5-10 parts of phosphoric acid aqueous solution is added, the concentration of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 65-67%, so that the pH value of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 6.6-6.7, and the active period of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 2-3 hours. Meanwhile, a small amount of auxiliary agent can be properly added during application, so that the operability is better.
The traditional urea-formaldehyde glue has the defects of thin glue layer, insufficient solid content and poor glue strength, so that when all wood veneers are superposed in the same direction, the transverse structure of the board has insufficient strength, thereby generating the phenomenon of tile bending. However, the invention adopts the silicon-magnesium glue, the solid content of the silicon-magnesium glue is more, and the glue coating amount is doubled compared with that of the urea-formaldehyde glue, so that the transverse tissue of the veneer is tightened, the hardness of the glue is greater than the strength of the transverse structure of the plate, and the plate is difficult to bend. Therefore, the multi-layer solid wood floor with the same direction can be manufactured only by the special glue, and the sufficient transverse strength is provided.
The pH value of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is 6.5-7, preferably 6.5-6.8. When the acidity of the silicon-magnesium glue is too strong, the active period of the glue is prolonged, and when the acidity of the silicon-magnesium glue is too weak, the active period of the glue is shortened. The gluing performance is affected by too long or too short active period of the glue, so that the gluing is not uniform and difficult.
Thirdly, brushing silicon magnesium glue on the surface of the single plate, wherein the glue coating amount of the single plate is 190-210 g per square meter. If the single plate is arranged in the middle of the plate, the double surfaces of the single plate need to be coated with glue, and the glue coating amount is doubled. Preferably, the gluing amount of the veneer is 195-205 g per square meter on one side. More preferably, the glue coating amount of the veneer is 200 g per square meter of a single side.
Fourthly, sequentially paving and sticking the veneers together, and putting the veneers into a cold press for cold pressing treatment in the active period of the silicon-magnesium adhesive, wherein the pressure of the cold press is 400-600 tons, and the cold pressing treatment time is 8-28h, and the veneers comprise a first veneer with the longitudinal wood grain direction and the thickness of 1-4mm, a second veneer with the transverse wood grain direction and the thickness of 0.1-2mm, and a third veneer with the longitudinal wood grain direction and the thickness of 1-4 mm; the veneers are stacked according to the first veneer, the second veneer, the third veneer, the second veneer and the first veneer. It should be noted that one or more third boards may be used. Furthermore, one or more other single boards may be disposed between the second single board and the third single board.
The pressure of the cold press is preferably 450-550 tons, and the cold pressing treatment time is preferably 10-20 h. The invention adopts the cold pressing procedure, does not need hot pressing treatment, can save procedures, save energy, save cost and avoid the condition that the quality of the final product is influenced by the hot pressing procedure.
As a preferable embodiment of the veneers, the veneer comprises a first veneer with the longitudinal wood grain direction and the thickness of 1.7-2.6mm, a second veneer with the transverse wood grain direction and the thickness of 0.1-0.5mm, and a third veneer with the longitudinal wood grain direction and the thickness of 1.7-2.6 mm; the veneers are stacked according to the first veneer, the second veneer, the third veneer, the second veneer and the first veneer.
It should be noted that the single plates may be all in the same direction or in criss-cross directions, and when all in the same direction, the next layer on the upper and lower surfaces may also be horizontal to strengthen the horizontal tension. In order to enhance the flame retardant effect of the board, the first veneer is treated by monoammonium phosphate solution in advance.
The surface of traditional panel is still easy because of too big difference in temperature, and the production is cracked, and the veneer of the thin transverse structure of one deck is set up to the next floor on panel top layer in this application innovation, as panel and surperficial additional strengthening, does not influence the sculpture function of panel when syntropy like this, and the surface can have ideal transverse structure and surface again and combine to do benefit to the stability of whole panel. The thickness of the second single plate is 1.2-2.5mm smaller than that of the first single plate and the third single plate, and a foundation can be laid for the integral plate to have excellent strength by sequentially paving and pasting plates with different thicknesses and different grains.
If the thickness of the second single plate is more than 0.5mm, the difference between the thicknesses of the second single plate and the first single plate and the thickness of the third single plate is less than 1.2, so that the transverse structure and the surface longitudinal structure are not favorably combined to form an ideal resultant force, the strength of the whole plate is reduced, and cracks are easily generated; if the thickness of the second single plate is less than 0.1mm, the carving function of the plate in the same direction is affected, and the possibility of reprocessing is reduced. Moreover, if the thickness of the second single plate is less than 0.1mm, the combination of the transverse structure and the surface longitudinal structure is not favorable to form an ideal resultant force, the strength of the whole plate is reduced, and the tile bending deformation is easy to generate.
The invention selects thinner single boards, such as: a first single plate with the thickness of 1.7-2.6mm, a second single plate with the thickness of 0.1-0.5mm, and a third single plate with the thickness of 1.7-2.6 mm. The solution of silicon-magnesium glue can permeate into each part of each veneer of the invention, and after the glue layer is solidified, a layer of high-temperature resistant material can be formed, and can bear the high temperature of flame at 1250 ℃, therefore, each glue layer of the invention is a good fireproof layer, and can not crack or deform in a high-temperature combustion state. Moreover, the silicon-magnesium glue is also a good insect-proof agent, and the termite in the south does not eat the board bonded with the silicon-magnesium glue through testing, so the invention is also a high-quality insect-proof board.
In addition, in order to further embody the flame retardant effect of the plate, the first veneer, the second veneer and/or the third veneer are/is a glass magnesium plate. Specifically, the third veneer can adopt the glass magnesium board of 3mm or other thickness as the core, more can put the glass magnesium board in first veneer position to do benefit to the outer wall as building material and use, make the water proofness of the existing glass magnesium board of this board, the weatherability has the good intensity of plywood again, impact resistance and holding power, regard as the material of log cabin outer wall with this kind of panel, can reach the convenience that all building materials can't reach now, practical cost is low, and is functional, and is both waterproof, prevent fires, has fine theftproof ability again, novel building materials of installation fixed that again can be very convenient. The wood veneer and the glass magnesium board are skillfully combined, i.e. the silicon magnesium glue adopts various arrangements, and a novel building material with high quality, low price and multiple functions can be created. For example, the third veneer and/or the first veneer is/are a magnesium oxide board, and the second veneer is a common wood board. The glass magnesium board can be used as an outer wall when placed on one side, can further enhance the fireproof and flame-retardant effects when placed on a core board, can generate ideal effects according to the use occasions when placed on the upper surface and the lower surface and a solid wood board is used in the middle, is an improvement of building material entrepreneurship, can be used as a floor, furniture and a building material, can be used on the outer wall, and is not available in the prior art in the aspect of building materials. Preferably, the first single board, the second single board and the third single board are all made of glass magnesium boards, so that the best flame retardant effect is achieved.
And fifthly, directly performing drainage treatment on the cold-pressed plate at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ without hot pressing treatment, wherein the treatment time is 40-50 hours, and obtaining a finished product with the water content of 10-14%.
The invention adopts the scheme that only cold pressing is needed, and hot pressing is not needed, the water drainage treatment can be carried out through a conventional drying kiln, a vacuum drying kiln, an air energy dryer or natural air drying, the water drainage cost is very low, if the air energy dryer is used for pumping water, the water drainage can be finished by taking three degrees of electricity per cube on average, and the consumed time and the consumed electric energy are saved.
Therefore, the invention replaces hot pressing with cold pressing, utilizes the silicon-magnesium glue to adjust the pH value in the reaction process, and has slow reaction when the acidity is strong and fast reaction when the alkalinity is strong. When magnesium chloride solution is added into magnesium oxide and silicon oxide, phosphoric acid solution is used for regulation, when the pH value of the adhesive reaches 6.5-7, the activity period can be controlled to be about four hours, and then a glue coater is used for coating glue on a single plate with the water content of 12 percent according to the glue amount of 200 grams per square meter on one side uniformly by coating glue on two sides of the single plate. And in the glue active period, the glued veneer is placed in a cold press with the pressure of 400-600 tons for 8-28 hours, the glue in the veneer is solidified, the added water basically participates in the reaction during glue mixing to form firm silicon-magnesium glue, then the firm silicon-magnesium glue is placed in a room with the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for drainage treatment, and a finished product can be obtained within about 48 hours, so that the high-temperature drying process is not needed, the environment is protected, the energy is saved, and the electric energy and the time are greatly saved.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a flame-retardant insect-proof formaldehyde-free board which is prepared by the processing method. The plate has excellent flame retardant property, is insect-proof, does not release formaldehyde, and is environment-friendly and energy-saving.
The technical test is carried out on the flame-retardant insect-proof formaldehyde-free board, and the results are as follows:
the flame-retardant insect-proof formaldehyde-free board is technically detected by Guangdong product quality supervision and inspection research institute and national fire-fighting product quality supervision and inspection center (Guangdong), and the result is as follows:
as can be seen from the above table, all the items tested by the invention meet the requirements of the national standard GB8624-2012 'grade on the combustion performance of building materials and products'.
Secondly, the flame-retardant insect-proof formaldehyde-free board is detected by SGS technology, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the detection basis is as follows: ASTM E84 test method for surface burning characteristics of building materials.
The test procedure was as follows: the preheating equipment was completed by measuring the ground embedded thermocouple temperature 23.25 feet from the burner port, stopping heating after 150 ° F, and then measuring the ground embedded thermocouple temperature of 13 feet and dropping it to 105 ° F. At this point the top of the apparatus was raised, the sample was laid in the apparatus furnace simulating a ceiling 24 feet long 12 inches from the bottom of the apparatus furnace, and the top of the apparatus was lowered.
The burner was lit and flame propagation distance was recorded every 15 seconds. Flame propagation distance and time will ignore the flame decay. If the area is in curve (a) or equal to 97.5min · ft, FSI ═ 0.515 · a; if so, FSI is 4900/(195-A). The smoke growth index was plotted by comparing the red oak and cement fiberboard areas, arbitrarily set at 0 and 100, respectively.
Test data and observation of phenomena:
maximum distance of flame propagation: 3.5 feet
Time to maximum distance the flame travels: 420 seconds
Whether falling objects appear or not: is free of
Duration of the test: 10 minutes
FS time area (ft min): 27.0
Area of smoke generated (% a × min): 38.1
Smoke area (% a min) from red oak: 90.8
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, the test results are as follows:
it is noted that in the NFPA101 life safety act manual, the requirements for grading interior walls and ceilings are graded according to fire spread index and smoke growth index, according to NFPA255, (ASTM E84), building material surface fire performance test method.
The classification was as follows:
and (4) conclusion: with reference to the NFPA101 life safety act manual, the present invention meets the level a requirements.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples
Example 1
Preparing a single board;
preparing silicon-magnesium adhesive: firstly, 100 parts of magnesium chloride, 250 parts of magnesium oxide, 200 parts of water and 20 parts of silicon oxide are added, after uniform stirring, 1 part of phosphoric acid aqueous solution is added, wherein the concentration of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 60 percent, so that the pH value of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 6.5, and the active period of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 2 hours;
brushing silicon-magnesium glue on the surface of a single plate, wherein the glue coating amount of the single plate is 190 grams per square meter;
sequentially paving veneers together, and putting the veneers into a cold press for cold pressing treatment in an active period of silicon-magnesium adhesive, wherein the pressure of the cold press is 400 tons, the cold pressing treatment time is 8h, and the veneers comprise a first veneer with longitudinal wood grain direction and 1mm thickness, a second veneer with transverse wood grain direction and 0.1mm thickness and a third veneer with longitudinal wood grain direction and 1mm thickness; the veneers are laid according to the following steps that:
the cold-pressed plate is directly subjected to drainage treatment at the temperature of 60 ℃ without hot pressing treatment, the treatment time is 40 hours, and a finished product with the water content of 10% is obtained.
Example 2
Preparing a single board;
preparing silicon-magnesium adhesive: firstly, 100 parts of magnesium chloride, 280 parts of magnesium oxide, 220 parts of water and 50 parts of silicon oxide are added, after uniform stirring, 5 parts of phosphoric acid aqueous solution is added, wherein the concentration of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 62 percent, so that the pH value of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 6.6, and the active period of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 3 hours;
brushing silicon-magnesium glue on the surface of a single plate, wherein the glue coating amount of the single plate is 195 grams per square meter;
sequentially paving veneers together, and putting the veneers into a cold press for cold pressing treatment in an active period of silicon-magnesium adhesive, wherein the pressure of the cold press is 450 tons, the cold pressing treatment time is 10 hours, and the veneers comprise a first veneer with longitudinal wood grain direction and 2mm thickness, a second veneer with transverse wood grain direction and 0.3mm thickness and a third veneer with longitudinal wood grain direction and 2mm thickness; the veneers are laid according to the following steps that:
the cold-pressed plate is directly subjected to drainage treatment at the temperature of 65 ℃ without hot pressing treatment, the treatment time is 42 hours, and a finished product with the water content of 11% is obtained.
Example 3
Preparing a single board;
preparing silicon-magnesium adhesive: firstly, 100 parts of magnesium chloride, 300 parts of magnesium oxide, 250 parts of water and 100 parts of silicon oxide are added, after uniform stirring, 10 parts of phosphoric acid aqueous solution is added, wherein the concentration of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 65 percent, so that the pH value of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 6.7, and the active period of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 3 hours;
brushing silicon-magnesium glue on the surface of a single plate, wherein the glue coating amount of the single plate is 200 g per square meter;
sequentially paving veneers together, and putting the veneers into a cold press for cold pressing treatment in an active period of silicon-magnesium adhesive, wherein the pressure of the cold press is 500 tons, the cold pressing treatment time is 15h, and the veneers comprise a first veneer with longitudinal wood grain direction and 3mm thickness, a second veneer with transverse wood grain direction and 0.5mm thickness and a third veneer with longitudinal wood grain direction and 3mm thickness; the veneers are laid according to the following steps that:
the cold-pressed plate is directly subjected to drainage treatment at the temperature of 70 ℃ without hot pressing treatment, the treatment time is 45 hours, and a finished product with the water content of 12% is obtained.
Example 4
Preparing a single board;
preparing silicon-magnesium adhesive: firstly, 100 parts of magnesium chloride, 350 parts of magnesium oxide, 260 parts of water and 20 parts of silicon oxide are added, after uniform stirring, 12 parts of phosphoric acid aqueous solution is added, wherein the concentration of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 66 percent, so that the pH value of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 6.8, and the active period of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 3 hours;
brushing silicon-magnesium glue on the surface of a single plate, wherein the glue coating amount of the single plate is 200 g per square meter;
sequentially paving veneers together, and putting the veneers into a cold press for cold pressing treatment in an active period of silicon-magnesium adhesive, wherein the pressure of the cold press is 500 tons, the cold pressing treatment time is 20 hours, and the veneers comprise a first veneer with the longitudinal wood grain direction and the thickness of 2.6mm, a second veneer with the transverse wood grain direction and the thickness of 0.4mm, and a third veneer with the longitudinal wood grain direction and the thickness of 2.6 mm; the veneers are laid according to the following steps that:
the cold-pressed plate is directly subjected to drainage treatment at the temperature of 75 ℃ without hot pressing treatment, the treatment time is 48 hours, and a finished product with the water content of 12% is obtained.
Example 5
Preparing a single board;
preparing silicon-magnesium adhesive: firstly, 100 parts of magnesium chloride, 400 parts of magnesium oxide, 280 parts of water and 10 parts of silicon oxide are added, after uniform stirring, 15 parts of phosphoric acid aqueous solution is added, wherein the concentration of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 67 percent, so that the pH value of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 6.9, and the active period of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 3 hours;
brushing silicon-magnesium glue on the surface of a single plate, wherein the glue coating amount of the single plate is 200 g per square meter;
sequentially paving veneers together, and putting the veneers into a cold press for cold pressing treatment in an active period of silicon-magnesium adhesive, wherein the pressure of the cold press is 550 tons, the cold pressing treatment time is 22h, and the veneers comprise a first veneer with the longitudinal wood grain direction and the thickness of 1.7mm, a second veneer with the transverse wood grain direction and the thickness of 0.4mm and a third veneer with the longitudinal wood grain direction and the thickness of 1.7 mm; the veneers are laid according to the following steps that:
the cold-pressed plate is directly subjected to drainage treatment at the temperature of 75 ℃ without hot pressing treatment, the treatment time is 48 hours, and a finished product with the water content of 13% is obtained.
Example 6
Preparing a single board;
preparing silicon-magnesium adhesive: firstly, 100 parts of magnesium chloride, 450 parts of magnesium oxide, 300 parts of water and 20 parts of silicon oxide are added, after uniform stirring, 20 parts of phosphoric acid aqueous solution is added, wherein the concentration of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 70 percent, so that the pH value of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 7, and the active period of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 4 hours; suitably 10 parts of PVA solution are added together with a small amount of adjuvant.
Brushing silicon-magnesium glue on the surface of a single plate, wherein the glue coating amount of the single plate is 210 g per square meter;
sequentially paving veneers together, and putting the veneers into a cold press for cold pressing treatment in an active period of silicon-magnesium adhesive, wherein the pressure of the cold press is 600 tons, the cold pressing treatment time is 28h, and the veneers comprise a first veneer with longitudinal wood grain direction and 4mm thickness, a second veneer with transverse wood grain direction and 1mm thickness and a third veneer with longitudinal wood grain direction and 4mm thickness; the veneers are laid according to the following steps that:
the cold-pressed plate is directly subjected to drainage treatment at the temperature of 80 ℃ without hot pressing treatment, the treatment time is 50 hours, and a finished product with the water content of 14% is obtained.
The flame resistance and formaldehyde content were determined by the techniques of examples 1-6 below, and the results were as follows:
from the above, the flame retardant property of the present invention is excellent and substantially free of formaldehyde.
In summary, the present invention has the following advantages
The invention adopts silicon-magnesium glue, wherein the silicon-magnesium glue consists of 100 parts of magnesium chloride, 250-450 parts of magnesium oxide, 200-300 parts of water, 10-200 parts of silicon oxide and 1-20 parts of phosphoric acid aqueous solution, the concentration of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 60-70%, and other water-soluble adhesives can also be properly added. In order to increase the flame retardant ability of the glue, the invention reduces the adding amount of magnesium oxide, and adds a certain amount of silicon oxide, thus greatly improving the flame retardant effect of the glue, simultaneously canceling the adding amount of PVA, improving the silk bonding degree of the glue, increasing the waterproof and fireproof functions, and improving the flame retardant effect by 20%. The curing time of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is adjusted by adopting the aqueous solution of phosphoric acid, the active period is controlled to be about 3 hours by using 1-10 parts of highly acidic phosphoric acid, and the adhesive coating performance is improved, so that the adhesive coating is uniform and convenient to glue. The pH value of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is 6.5-7, and the active period of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is further accurately controlled.
The surface of traditional panel is still easy because of too big difference in temperature, and the production is cracked, and the veneer of the thin transverse structure of one deck is set up to the next floor on panel top layer in this application innovation, as panel and surperficial additional strengthening, does not influence the sculpture function of panel when syntropy like this, and the surface can have ideal transverse structure and surface again and combine to do benefit to the stability of whole panel.
By adopting the silicon-magnesium adhesive and the plate structure, the invention can obtain excellent strength only by cold pressing treatment. When the plywood does not need a hot pressing process, a large amount of energy consumption can be saved, the investment cost of enterprises can be reduced, the production links can be reduced, the yield can be improved, the cost can be reduced, and the quality can be improved.
In addition, in the glue active period, the glued single board is placed in a cold press with the pressure of 400-600 tons for 8-28 hours, the glue in the single board is solidified, the added water basically participates in the reaction during glue mixing to form a firm silicon-magnesium glue, then the firm silicon-magnesium glue is placed in a room with the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for drainage treatment, and a finished product can be obtained within about 48 hours without a high-temperature drying process, so that the glue is environment-friendly and energy-saving, and saves a large amount of electric energy and time.
In conclusion, the processing method of the invention has the advantages of simple process, easy coating, low cost, no hot pressing and no environmental pollution, and the obtained finished product has the advantages of flame retardance, insect prevention, no formaldehyde and no deformation.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The processing method of the flame-retardant insect-proof formaldehyde-free board is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing a single plate, wherein the water content of the single plate is less than 12%;
preparing silicon-magnesium adhesive: firstly, 100 parts of magnesium chloride, 300 parts of magnesium oxide, 250 parts of water and 100 parts of silicon oxide are added, after uniform stirring, 10 parts of phosphoric acid aqueous solution is added, wherein the concentration of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 65 percent, so that the pH value of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 6.7, and the active period of the silicon-magnesium adhesive is controlled to be 3 hours;
brushing silicon-magnesium glue on the surface of a single plate, wherein the glue coating amount of the single plate is 200 g per square meter;
sequentially paving veneers together, and putting the veneers into a cold press for cold pressing treatment in an active period of silicon-magnesium adhesive, wherein the pressure of the cold press is 500 tons, the cold pressing treatment time is 15h, the veneers comprise a first veneer with longitudinal wood grain direction and 3mm thickness, a second veneer with transverse wood grain direction and 0.5mm thickness and a third veneer with longitudinal wood grain direction and 3mm thickness, and the thickness difference between the second veneer and the first veneer as well as the third veneer is 2.5 mm; the veneers are laid according to the following steps that: the first single board and/or the third single board is/are a glass magnesium board; the second veneer is a common wood board; the first veneer is treated by monoammonium phosphate solution in advance;
directly performing drainage treatment on the cold-pressed plate at the temperature of 70 ℃ without hot pressing treatment, wherein the treatment time is 45 hours, and obtaining a finished product with the water content of 12%; the water discharge treatment is carried out by a conventional drying kiln, a vacuum drying kiln, an air energy dryer or natural air drying.
2. A flame-retardant insect-resistant formaldehyde-free board, which is characterized by being prepared by the processing method of claim 1.
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| CN86106919A (en) * | 1986-11-02 | 1988-05-18 | 北京林业大学 | Bamboo-wood plyboard and production Technology thereof |
| CN87215249U (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1988-09-07 | 康海飞 | Composite glued board |
| CN1098394A (en) * | 1994-07-01 | 1995-02-08 | 薛耀民 | Magnesite cementing material and its use |
| CN2765749Y (en) * | 2005-01-31 | 2006-03-22 | 福建农林大学 | Novel timbering of composite bamboo and wooden |
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| CN101456195B (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2011-05-25 | 国家林业局北京林业机械研究所 | Structure plywood plate for timber-construction and production method thereof |
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| CN101486212B (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2011-04-20 | 南京林业大学 | Method for producing compressed charing poplar three-layer wood composite flooring |
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