CN107636400A - Container for storing liquid and application thereof - Google Patents

Container for storing liquid and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107636400A
CN107636400A CN201680029151.7A CN201680029151A CN107636400A CN 107636400 A CN107636400 A CN 107636400A CN 201680029151 A CN201680029151 A CN 201680029151A CN 107636400 A CN107636400 A CN 107636400A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
container
liquid
floating roof
heat
case
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201680029151.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
J·沃特曼
M·莱登伯格
K·费得塞勒
S·毛雷尔
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BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Publication of CN107636400A publication Critical patent/CN107636400A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F03G6/065—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle
    • F03G6/067—Binary cycle plants where the fluid from the solar collector heats the working fluid via a heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
    • F24S60/30—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors storing heat in liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/20—Working fluids specially adapted for solar heat collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • F28D2020/0047—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material using molten salts or liquid metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
    • F28D2020/0069—Distributing arrangements; Fluid deflecting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
    • F28D2020/0086—Partitions
    • F28D2020/0095—Partitions movable or floating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of container for being used to store liquid, the liquid tends to resolve into gaseous decomposition composition and in this case in the case of account for leading condition in the container (1), and chemical reaction equilibrium is produced between gaseous decomposition composition and liquid.Floating roof (29) is accommodated in container (1) and the floating roof (29) includes float (33), floating roof (29) is floated on liquid using the float, and floating roof (29) is directed using sliding seal (45) in container (1).The invention further relates to a kind of device for heat accumulation, it includes being used for the first container (57) for storing colder liquid and the second container (59) for storing the liquid hotter than the liquid, and the purposes of the device the present invention relates to the container and for heat accumulation.

Description

Container for storing liquid and application thereof
Technical field
The present invention be directed to it is a kind of be used to storing the container of liquid, the liquid inclination in accounting for leading condition in a reservoir In the case of resolve into gaseous decomposition composition, and chemical reaction is produced between gaseous decomposition composition and liquid in this case Balance.The invention further relates to a kind of device for heat accumulation, this container is which used, and the container or for heat accumulation Device purposes.
Background technology
The liquid for tending to resolve into gaseous decomposition composition is for example used as the fused salt of heat transfer medium and heat-storage medium.It is molten Salt particularly traditional heat transfer media and heat-storage medium due to required high temperature and no longer can by reasonably use in the case of make With.The key areas that fused salt is used as heat transfer medium is solar power station, and wherein heat transfer medium passes through the sun in the receiver Radiate and be heated and be temporarily stored in thermal storage device.The heat transfer medium gasification of water conservancy heat and overheat and generator quilt Drive to utilize superheated steam generation.
Particularly for solar power station --- for example, parabola groove type solar power station, Fresnel solar-electricity Stand or solar power tower --- in and the nitrate based on alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal or nitrite (wherein usually make With the mixture of NO3-N and NO2-N) fused salt in the case of, salt be present will be decomposed to form gas due to high temperature Risk.Thus, for example, the nitrate of alkali and alkaline earth metal ions forms each self-corresponding alkali metal oxide respectively at high temperature Or alkaline earth oxide, while form the nitric oxide and titanium dioxide being hereinafter summarized under term " nitrogen oxides " Nitrogen.Nitrogen oxides physically dissolves in fused salt and can be with the alkali metal oxide of dissolving in the sense that chemical reaction equilibrium Or alkaline earth oxide back reaction.However, nitrogen oxides particularly under stress drop or concentration it is increased in the case of can also turn Enter gaseous state, and be then no longer available for back reaction.So, alkali metal oxide or alkaline earth oxide can occur in fused salt Unwanted accumulation.
Because the decomposition of nitrate is balanced reaction, thus the nitrogen oxides being dissolved in fused salt also suppress nitrate enter one Step is decomposed.It is this protection due to the nitrogen oxides in the degassing and fused salt of nitrogen oxides concentration reduction associated there and Become less effectively, and the salt in fused salt can be decomposed further.
It is unfavorable that oxide is formed due to the decomposition of nitrate.On the one hand, decomposition reaction contains with high nitrate Cause the decline of nitrate concentration in the case of the melt of amount and and then cause the rising of fusing point.On the other hand, the corrosion of melt Property relatively increase with usually used metal material --- particularly steel ---.In addition, solid can be formed in fused salt, because super The solubility limit of alkali and alkaline earth metal ions concentration is crossed, and these salt can cause the equipment part that wherein flows Wearing and therefore also causing the damage of equipment part on surface.In addition to abrasion caused by the solids being mingled with, may be used also Energy is that solid will be precipitated out from fused salt and cause the deposit and caking (Anbackungen) on equipment part.This can enter One step causes the blocking of pipeline or heat exchanger.
For example, fused salt generally is regenerated as described in WO-A 2014/114508 at present, to extend the fused salt for including nitrate Service life.
Or also there is a possibility that to cover fused salt with gas phase, its amount of nitrogen oxides is sufficiently high so that in fused salt The sufficiently high dissolving nitrogen oxides of concentration is obtained, and therefore can suppress the decomposition of nitrate.However, particularly in solar-electricity Stand in the case of the tun for being for example used as thermal storage device, this has as a drawback that：Thermal storage device is passed through due to circulate operation Periodically heating and cooling are gone through, this particularly causes obvious pressure and Volume Changes in air chamber.Due to big Volume Changes, It is difficult to produce the sufficiently large nitrogen oxides of quantity and provides them again for regeneration.Therefore will need to be produced in situ in carry For the sufficiently large nitrogen oxides of quantity.
Constant sealing and gas pressure holder in known (Gaspendelsystem) by gas recovery system or Air chamber is held in what is managed in the case where not carrying out related gas discharge to environment by the use of gas volume holder Under state.This way it is not necessary to supply substantial amounts of nitrogen oxides or the starting products for producing nitrogen oxides.However, shortcoming is Other great amount of investment expense and maintenance cost and the use phase of required gas pressure holder or gas volume holder Association.In the case of known floating roof tank, container is terminated using floating roof on the top towards environment.
For there is the liquid of high steam pressure in such as petrochemical industry, it is known to use floating roof tank, wherein pushing up with can On the floating liquid in a reservoir of move mode.The top can be sealed by barrier film or friction system.Such as by US 2,536,019 or US 4,371,090 learn such floating roof tank.In addition, JP-A S6484887 describe a kind of floating roof being used in hot-water cylinder.However, Tank described herein none accounted in solar power station it is leading under conditions of use, the heat transfer particularly in solar power station is situated between Matter is accounted at leading temperature.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of appearance for being used to store the heat transfer medium in liquid, particularly solar power station Device, the liquid tend to resolve into gaseous decomposition composition and in such case in the case of accounting for leading condition in a reservoir Reach balance between lower gaseous decomposition composition and liquid, this do not have from prior art learn the shortcomings that.
The purpose realizes that the liquid ought account for leading condition in a reservoir by a kind of container for being used to store liquid In the case of tend to resolve into gaseous decomposition composition and reach flat between gaseous decomposition composition and liquid in this case Weighing apparatus, wherein floating roof accommodate in a reservoir and the floating roof includes float, and floating roof is floated on liquid using the float, and wherein sharp Floating roof is guided in a reservoir with sliding seal.
It is different from the known system that wherein gas is stored in central gas container caused by the decomposition of liquid, by In floating roof, the size of gas container can significantly reduce or can even remove from gas container.Gas is concentrated in the air chamber below floating roof simultaneously And gas is prevented to exit into environment or enter in the gas phase being located above floating roof in container.So, can prevent Only or at least significantly slow down the infringement to liquid, the particularly fused salt comprising nitrate.
In pair that the wherein hotter fluid storage of use is in the first container and colder fluid storage is in second container Another advantage is produced in the case of reservoir system, wherein the first container and second container interconnect so that liquid can be from first Container is removed, and is cooled, and is imported into second container, or alternatively, liquid can obtain from second container, be added Heat, and be imported into the first container.Thus, for example, in solar power station, the liquid from second container is in parabolic wire casing Pass through the sun of incidence in formula or the solar energy field of Fresnel solar power station or in the central receiver of tower thermo-power station Radiate and be heated and import in the first container.Liquid from the first container be used for by it is water and overheat, wherein hot It is released.The liquid so cooled down is then directed in second container.Because the liquid level in the first container and second container is because of behaviour Make and cyclically change, so the gas volume above the liquid in container also changes.Typically, gas is under any circumstance all It is transferred to from the container for being imported into liquid via gas recovery system in the container for removing liquid therefrom.Fused salt is particularly suitable for As the liquid for being used as heat transfer medium in solar power station.The typical salt used with their melt form be alkali metal and The nitrate or nitrite of alkaline-earth metal and can also be its any mixture.In this case, particularly preferably The mixture being made up of potassium nitrate and potassium nitrite.
However, liquid hotter in solar power station and colder liquid have the very big temperature difference.Therefore, there is temperature Gas in first container of higher liquid is with more much larger than the gas in the second container with colder liquid etc. Pressure ratio is held.In order to prevent the pressure in the first container from rising due to the larger specific volume of gas, it is necessary in filling for the first container Fill out and remove gas from system during the emptying of second container or it is temporarily stored within gas container.
If with floating roof according to the present invention container be used as in such systems for store hot liquid first Container, then floating roof is preferably so that the mode that floating roof has at least one chamber for accommodating heat-insulating material is implemented.Therefore realize Liquid phase is for forming the heat insulation of the air chamber above floating roof.In this case, the heat insulation of floating roof is preferably at this The gas being designed so that in the case of kind in the air chamber of the first container has and the gas identical temperature in second container.This Sample, the pressure change of gas can be balanced due to the gentle isobaric specific volume such as identical.Therefore no longer need to set gas can in addition It is temporarily stored gas container wherein.
In this system with two containers, it can also be set in the second container with colder liquid floating Top.However, floating roof particularly has herein prevents foreign matter --- for example, carbon dioxide, water or particulate, particularly chloride Particulate --- become the effect of liquid phase from gas phase.
By using airtight sliding seal come prevent gaseous contaminant from the gas-phase permeation above floating roof into liquid or The decomposition gas for preventing from being formed by liquid is penetrated into the gas phase above floating roof.Particularly container is being used as solar power station In thermal storage device in the case of, due to accumulating liquid --- fused salt for being specifically used as heat transfer medium --- in a reservoir High temperature and can not use by organic material, particularly such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) polymer made of seal.It is a kind of possible Property be that the diaphragm seal that is made of stainless steel is set.In this case, diaphragm seal has at least one barrier film, its with Elastic type is pressed against on the inwall of container.In the case of the tun for the thermal storage device being used as in solar power station, The diaphragm seal not contacted with the inwall of container can be implemented.In this case, complete sealing is not implemented, but so Releasing of the nitrogen oxides from the fused salt comprising nitrate for being used as heat carrier is substantially reduced, it is achieved thereby that fused salt is enough Long service life.It is preferable, however, that with being pressed against in a flexible manner on wall of a container to obtain the cunning of gas-tight seal barrier film Dynamic seal.
In order to obtain the complete seal that resistance gas leaves or entered, it is further advantageous that sliding seal is with being stored in Liquid heat insulation in container.In this case, sliding seal may be provided in the region with lower temperature of container, So that the material more sensitive to temperature can also be used as encapsulant.Heat insulation and it is arranged in the region with lower temperature In another advantage be that less corrosion occurs for sliding seal because corrosivity is with temperature particularly in the case of fused salt Rise and increase.Due to sliding seal be in order to prevent gas from liquid from leaving or preventing pollutant from entering liquid, so Contact of the sliding seal with liquid is not needed.
The sealing further improved can be achieved, because sealed chamber is arranged in floating roof below sliding seal.Sealing Chamber may include multiple barrier films, and sliding seal is same, for example, these barrier films are pressed against on the inwall of container, wherein in office What each barrier film between there is sufficiently large interval in the case of, to cause the mobile period barrier film even in floating roof also not contact.
The heat insulation of sliding seal can be implemented, for example, reason is heat insulation between liquid and sliding seal The circumference of floating roof applies.This heat insulation for example can also be implemented by multiple parallel circumferential ribs of the circumference along floating roof. Formed with the air cushion with insulation effect between circumferential rib.Or heat-insulating material can also be imported between the ribs, such as with A high proportion of Al2O3, i.e. with least 80% ratio Al2O3Inorfil.If heat insulating construction passes through the circle along floating roof Multiple parallel circumferential ribs and air cushion between the ribs in week are implemented, then heat insulating construction while may also function as the work of sealed chamber With.If using heat-insulating material, it is particularly preferably provided with steel valve jacket due to the corrosivity of fused salt.
In order to prevent the rib of the barrier film of sliding seal and possible sealed chamber or heat insulating construction when floating roof moves Apply excessive power on chamber wall, preferably floating roof is made up of at least two sections, wherein each section movably connects mutually Connect.Power effect on the inwall of container can for example cause wall ideally will not extend with continuous constant space, and be due to system Make tolerance and deviate desired profile.By means of may move section, floating roof respectively can be or not liquid level rises or falls It can tilt or be moved up or down in the case of blocking inside container.
In order to realize the mobile without interference of floating roof and floating roof is maintained at into its appropriate location inside container, preferably It is to be directed at least one guide of floating roof in a reservoir.The guide can be for example in the track and floating roof on container inner wall On the form of the groove extended on that track formed.Or such as can also be set inside container guide rod and The opening that guide rod is guided through it is formed in floating roof.
In one embodiment of the invention, formed with through hole in floating roof.Device can be through the through hole through floating roof It is directed into liquid.Thus, for example, settable immersible pump, the immersible pump can be used to pump out liquid from container.For example, In this case, the pump shaft for being used to operate immersible pump being generally directed in pump shaft guide and the stream for removing liquid Dynamic pipeline can be directed in jacket conduit, and wherein jacket conduit is guided through the through hole in floating roof.If pump shaft, pump shaft Guide and flow duct are in particular such as implementation is segmented as common in the case of the long immersible pump, then jacket conduit is special It is not favourable.Penetrate into pump shaft and damage in the region of the tie point of for example each section this prevent the liquid from container It.If pump shaft guide and flow duct are not segmentations, it can also save jacket conduit.In this case, pump shaft is led The single through hole being each conducted through to part and flow duct in floating roof.
In addition, the dip tube that liquid is imported in container by filling from bottom to top through it can also be used as device and be conducted through Through hole in floating roof.Dip tube, can be fixed on container bottom by the vibration during being imported for buffering liquid.Therefore, example Such as, dip tube can be inserted into liquid dispensing apparatus and clamp wherein.
The another possibility of buffering vibration is to set baffle plate below the mouth of dip tube in a reservoir.In the liquid introduction period Between, it is first against baffle flows and turns in this case.Liquid can be influenceed by the appropriate geometry of baffle plate Interior flowing.Baffle plate may be provided with opening or be formed as such as cone.
In order to prevent the air chamber above gas from liquid from flowing out in the air chamber above floating roof or preventing pollutant or gas Reached at through hole in floating roof from the air chamber above floating roof in liquid, it is close that appropriate seal is preferably used in through hole Envelope.Therefore, through hole for example can be sealed using movable seal plate.It is ensure that by movable seal plate when floating roof rises Or sealing plate will not apply excessive power on device when declining.Therefore, movable seal plate is designed such that they can be Flatly moved in floating roof.Meanwhile sealing plate must be fastened in floating roof so that they are during the raising and lowering of floating roof It can with it move and a position will not be remained hanging from.Sealing plate is preferably loosely located at the horizontal plane on the upside of floating roof Above and by device guide.Therefore, small manufacture and the installation deviation of device and desired vertical profile be can compensate for.Or can also Implement the sealing of through hole using Elastic Sliding seal.
In the case that liquid particularly in a reservoir is the fused salt for tending to sprawling, it is advantageous that sliding seal has Resist the protection location of the liquid crept up.It is in contact this prevent sliding seal with liquid and corruption is for example passed through by liquid Lose and damage.The protection location that resistance such as liquid is crept up can be used as formed with dripping eaves in floating roof.In addition, maintain Minimum spacing between the surface of liquid and sliding seal.In this case, the minimum spacing is preferably at least 50cm。
It can go out between the downside of floating roof and the upside of floating roof as during the thermal storage device in solar power station using container The existing high temperature difference.These temperature difference due to be usually 450 DEG C to 550 DEG C liquid high temperature and floating roof above air chamber in it is colder Gas and produce.In the case where floating roof is implemented as adiabatic apparatus, situation is especially true.In order to compensate due to the temperature difference and Stress associated there and the different heat expansion occurred, floating roof preferably have the unit for being used for compensating thermal expansion.Due to The temperature difference described in normal operating keeps constant, so, for example, settable compensated section and/or pre- appropriate device are made For the unit for compensating thermal expansion.
To make floating roof float on liquid, it is equipped with float.To make floating roof also not submerged in prolonged operation even In liquid, float is necessary to maintain their volume and not closely knit.This for example can be due to high pressure or pressure change And occur.Can be heat-insulating material of the float filling with low-density and high withstand voltage for for example pressure-resistant embodiment.This The suitable heat-insulating material of the type e.g. ceramics with air inclusions, such as ceramic foam.
Container is particularly preferably used as thermal storage device in solar power station.Stored up however it is also contemplated that using wherein Tend to decompose while formed the use in any other any device of the liquid of gaseous decomposition product, wherein liquid under the conditions of depositing Body and gaseous decomposition product are in chemical reaction equilibrium.
A kind of device for heat accumulation includes being used for the first container of the colder liquid of storage and for storing hotter liquid The second container of body, wherein each container interconnects so that colder liquid flows out from the first container and flowed into after heat absorption Flow out into second container and from second container and be flowed into after heat release in the first container, wherein at least second container is Container as described above.
This device for heat accumulation is particularly advantageous for solar energy power plant, in brief solar power station --- example Such as, parabolic slot type, Fresnel or tower power station --- in.
In a particularly preferred invention, in the first container and second container, gas is respectively formed with above floating roof The room and air chamber of the first container and second container interconnects via connecting line.Gas under any circumstance all can be from being filled The container filled out is flowed into the container being cleared through connecting line.So, accordingly holding in the case where not increasing gas supply source Pressure balance is realized in device.
Brief description of the drawings
The exemplary embodiment of the present invention is illustrated and will be clarified in more detail in the following description in the accompanying drawings.
In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 shows the container with floating roof according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the details of floating roof,
Fig. 3 shows the schematic illustration of the solar energy power plant wherein using the container with floating roof.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the container with floating roof designed according to the present invention.
Such as it is used as the reservoir of the heat transfer medium for heat --- particularly fused salt --- in such as solar energy power plant Container 1 include container bottom 3, chamber wall 5 and lid 7.
Liquid can be imported in container via dip tube 9.Due to supply of the liquid through dip tube 9, it can prevent liquid from importing in container 1 Unacceptable a large amount of turbulent flows occur in period liquid.Because baffle plate 11 is located at the lower section of dip tube 9, so can realize that liquid is poured into The further reduction of turbulent flow between the mid-term of container 1.The liquid flowed into through dip tube 9 is flowed on baffle plate 11, and is therefore turned to and divided Dissipate so that the angle that the lower section of dip tube 9 can be arranged on according to the design or baffle plate 11 of baffle plate 11 flows broadening come sets target.Baffle plate 11 another advantage is that the liquid of inflow, which does not hit container bottom 3 directly and therefore carries secretly and roll, may be accumulated in it In solid so that they are scattered in a liquid.In embodiment shown here, container is designed to make in this case Obtain in container 1 and enough liquid all the time be present to make dip tube 9 still be submerged in a liquid when container 1 is cleared.
For example, the removal of liquid is performed via immersible pump 13.In this case, immersible pump 13 is also submerged in liquid In.Liquid can be removed from container via immersible pump 13, until the water intaking connector 15 of immersible pump 13 no longer submerges in a liquid.Cause This, the minimum filling liquid level of the liquid in container 1 is produced due to the position for connector of fetching water.
Flowed out by the liquid that immersible pump 13 sucks through flow duct 17 from container 1.Use the lid for being guided through container 1 7 pump shaft 19 performs the driving of immersible pump 13.In order to carry out preventing the protection that liquid enters, pump shaft 19 is drawn in pipeline 21 Lead.Due to particularly in the case of long immersible pump --- that is, the height in container 1 is big and flow duct 17 and pump In the case that axle 19 is correspondingly grown --- flow duct 17 and pump shaft 19 are segmentations, so flow duct 17 and pump shaft 19 are preferred Ground is directed in jacket conduit 21.Jacket conduit 21 prevents uncontrolled gas exchanges between the upper side and lower side of floating roof.It is excellent Jacket conduit is selected to be sealed to resist the gas phase above floating roof, and it is open in lower end.This prevent include high concentration N The gas of oxide is penetrated into the air chamber above floating roof.Jacket conduit preferably has sufficiently large diameter so that dip tube can Such as it is pulled through jacket conduit for maintenance purposes.
In embodiment shown here, distributor 25 is located at the lower section of immersible pump 13.It can be with the shape of such as perforated plate Formula is implemented.Distributor is located at the opening position of the minimum liquid level in container 1 in this case.Distributor 25 can for suppression The turbulent flow occurred due to the inflow of liquid so that liquid keep above the distributor 25 be not on tranquil and surface Floating roof 29 can start mobile wave due to it.As shown here, if being provided with distributor 25, exist and for example guide Dip tube 9 passes through the through hole 27 in distributor 25 and the possibility secured it on distributor 25.In addition, immersible pump 13 jacket conduit 21 could be secured on distributor 25.The fixation of dip tube 9 and immersible pump 13 prevents them to start to vibrate And therefore damaging device or container 1.
According to the present invention, floating roof 29 accommodates in the container 1.The table of the floating liquid in a reservoir of floating roof 29 in this case On face 31.Therefore, formed with float 33 in floating roof 29, it floats on liquid and supports floating roof 29.Reality shown here Apply in example, whole floating roof 29 is not in contact with the surface 31 of liquid, but only float 33 contacts with liquid.It is however, also alternative Property form whole floating roof 29 in float form so that whole floating roof 29 is floated on the surface 31 of liquid.Particularly as In the case of the hot tank of solar energy power plant, preferably floating roof is implemented as heat insulation layer.Therefore, floating roof 29 can for example be set It is calculated as ducted body and it is filled into heat-insulating material.Or there is also the whole possibility made of heat-insulating material of floating roof 29.It is special Not, temperature stabilization and pressure stability and steel plate composite ceramics --- the example of the entrained gas of very thin composite plate can be realized Such as, foamed ceramics or foam glass --- it is suitable as heat-insulating material.Or such as typical inorganic fiber mat can also be used In heat-insulated, but then it must absorb occurent external pressure by being implemented as sufficiently stable big envelope.
In embodiment shown here, formed with the through hole for device in floating roof.Dip tube 9 is conducted through One through hole 35 and immersible pump 13 are conducted through the second through hole 37.In this case, the second through hole 37 is made into The pump head for being sufficiently large to immersible pump 13 may pass through in through hole insertion container.
To prevent gas, from being escaped through floating roof 29 from liquid, through hole 35,37 is preferably provided with movable seal plate 39. In this case, movable seal plate 39 is designed such that it can be with vertically raising and lowering and the horizontal shifting of floating roof 29 It is dynamic to be equally possible, to prevent excessive power from acting on such devices, in the pipe of the device not exclusively vertically extended In the case of road --- for example, dip tube 9 and jacket conduit 23 ---, the excessive power can cause damage.
In order to prevent floating roof 29 from being tilted in 29 raising and lowering of floating roof, guide 40, the edge of floating roof 29 are preferably provided with The guide 40 is directed.For example, guide rod can be attached on chamber wall 5 when guide 40 and floating roof 29 close guide rod, So that floating roof 29 moves along guide rod.Or guide rod can also be set inside container, it is guided through in floating roof 29 Corresponding through hole.In addition --- for example, big envelope pipe 23 of dip tube 9 or immersible pump 13 --- is as guide, it is possible to use device.
Air chamber 41 is between floating roof 29 and the lid 7 of container above floating roof 29.In order to prevent the gas in air chamber floating Top 29 is compressed when rising, and gas vent 43 is provided with lid.
If container 1 is for example for solar energy power plant --- wherein colder fluid storage in the first container and compared with The fluid storage of heat is in second container so that a container is cleared under any circumstance and another container is correspondingly filled Fill out --- in double can system a part, then preferably container interconnects via the gas vent 43 in lid so that Gas can be all flowed out in the container being filled with from the container being cleared in any case.In the situation of the heat insulation layer of floating roof 29 Under, likely the gas phase in the first container and second container has the temperature that is substantially identical and therefore in this case Also there is equal specific volume waiting pressure.
Fig. 2 shows the details of floating roof 29.
Floating roof 29 is guided using the sliding seal 45 on chamber wall.The compartment of the lower section of floating roof 29 uses sliding seal 45 are sealed relative to air chamber 41 so that will not be escaped into air chamber 41 from decomposition gas caused by liquid.In addition, this is particularly Gaseous state and fluid contaminants are prevented to reach liquid from air chamber 41.
In order to improve leak tightness, it is advantageous to be additionally provided with sealed lip 47 above sliding seal.In such case Under, sealed lip 47 is directed along chamber wall 5 and with additional sealing function.
Below sliding seal 45, formed with rib 49 on float 33.Rib 49 is spaced from so that between rib 49 It is respectively formed with air chamber 51.Rib 49 is used as other seal.In addition, particularly air chamber 51 is used as other adiabatic knot Structure so that the temperature in the region of sliding seal 45 is less than directly over liquid.So, sliding seal 45 is protected against Only too high temperature and the possible damage caused by high temperature.Especially, can also so use at a high temperature of liquid By the encapsulant of damage.
In order to further prevent being in contact with sliding seal 45 from the liquid that container is crept up, it is advantageous that sliding The attached underneath dripping eaves 53 of seal 45.The liquid crept up is dropped on dripping eaves 53 and fallen back in liquid downwards.
With the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 with unfilled float 33 on the contrary, float fills in the embodiment shown in Figure 2 There is heat-insulating material 55.Serve as heat bridge this prevent float and from liquid to floating roof 29 above air chamber 41 radiate.
Fig. 3 is shown wherein using the solar energy power plant of at least one container 1 with floating roof 29.
With for storing the first container 57 of colder liquid and the second container 59 of the liquid hotter for storage Solar energy power plant in, at least second container 59 is equipped with floating roof 29.In embodiment shown here, floating roof 29 is by multiple Section 61 is formed, and the section interconnects, so they are moveable.Each section 61 is equipped with floating in this case Son so that each section floats on the surface of liquid in itself.The liquid being stored in the first container 57 and second container 59 is used as Heat transfer medium and typically fused salt.The NO3-N and NO2-N of salt especially alkali and alkaline earth metal ions for fused salt with And their any mixture.Usually used salt is that weight ratio is 60：40 sodium nitrate and the mixture of natrium nitrosum.
In the operation of solar energy power plant, in the solar radiation with incidence, liquid is removed from the first container 57 And it is directed over solar energy field 63.Solar energy field 63 has receiver 65, and liquid passes through the solar energy of incidence in the receiver Heating.The liquid so heated is imported into second container 59.In this case, the liquid volume in the first container 57 subtracts It is small, thus airspace enlargement.Meanwhile the liquid volume increase in second container 59 so that the air chamber 41 in second container 59 shrinks. In this case, the gas of the air chamber from second container 59 is imported in the first container 57 via gas withdrawal line 67.Can Such as due to being dissolved in for example in the degassing for the gas that can enter in the case that the first container 57 is not equipped with floating roof in the liquid of gas phase And the excess gas occurred can remove via gas vent 69.
In order to produce electric power, the hot liquid from second container 59 is fed into the first heat exchanger of steam circulation 73 71.In first heat exchanger 71, water is gasified and overheated by the heat transfer from hot liquid to water circulation.Mistake caused by so Vapours drives steam turbine 75, and the steam turbine 75 drives generator 77 to produce electric power again.In this case, overheat is steamed Vapour is released in steam turbine 75.
The steam flowed out from steam turbine 75 condenses in second heat exchanger 79, wherein the water from steam circulation 73 Heat is passed to cooling circulation 81.Circulation 81 is generally also operated using water, wherein the water of cooling circulation 81 is cold in cooling tower 83 But.
After condensing, the water conservancy pump pressure of steam circulation 73 is retracted into the pressure needed for driving steam turbine 75, hereafter Water is again flowed into first heat exchanger 71 to be gasified and be overheated.
For example, parabolic slot type receiver or Fresnel receiver can be used as the receiver in solar energy field 63 65.Or, it is possible to use the central receiver of tower power station replaces solar energy field 63, then wherein liquid is heated in tower.
Reference numerals list
1 container
3 container bottoms
5 chamber walls
7 lids
9 dip tubes
11 baffle plates
13 immersible pumps
15 water intaking connectors
17 flow ducts
19 pump shafts
21 pipelines
23 jacket conduits
25 distributors
27 through holes
29 floating roofs
The surface of 31 liquid
33 floats
35 first through holes
37 second through holes
39 movable seal plates
40 guides
41 air chambers
43 gas vents
45 sliding seals
47 sealed lips
49 ribs
51 air chambers
53 dripping eaves
55 heat-insulating materials
57 first containers
59 second containers
61 sections
63 solar energy fields
65 receivers
67 gas withdrawal lines
69 gas vents
71 first heat exchangers
73 steam circulations
75 steam turbines
77 generators
79 second heat exchangers
81 cooling circulations
83 cooling towers

Claims (14)

1. a kind of container for being used to store liquid, the liquid incline in the case of leading condition is accounted in the container (1) To flat in resolving into gaseous decomposition composition and forming between gaseous decomposition composition and liquid chemical reaction in this case Weighing apparatus, it is characterised in that floating roof (29) is accommodated in the container (1), wherein the floating roof (29) includes float (33), it is described Floating roof (29) is floated on liquid using the float, wherein, the floating roof (29) is using sliding seal (45) in the container (1) it is directed in.
2. container according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sliding seal (45) is with being stored in the container (1) the liquid heat insulation in.
3. container according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the floating roof (29) is by least two sections (61) structure Into wherein the section (61) movably interconnects.
4. container according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the floating roof (29), which has, accommodates thermal insulation At least one chamber of material.
5. container according to any one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that formed with passing through in the floating roof (29) Through hole (35,37).
6. container according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the through hole (35,37) utilizes movable seal plate (39) seal.
7. container according to any one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that the sliding seal (45) has resistance The protection location (53) that only liquid is crept up.
8. container according to any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that the floating roof (29) is in the above-described container At least one guide on be directed.
9. container according to any one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterised in that the floating roof (29), which has, to be used to compensate The unit of thermal expansion.
10. container according to any one of claim 1 to 9, it is characterised in that the liquid is fused salt.
11. container according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the fused salt is the mixing of NO3-N and NO2-N Thing.
12. a kind of device for heat accumulation, including for storing the first container (57) of colder liquid and hotter for storing Liquid second container (59), wherein the container (57,59) interconnects so that colder liquid is from first container (57) flow out and be flowed into after heat absorption in the second container (59) and flow out and putting from the second container (59) Flowed into after heat in first container (57), wherein at least described second container (59) is appointed according in claim 1 to 11 Container described in one.
13. device according to claim 12, it is characterised in that in first container (57) and the second container (59) in, hold in the top of the floating roof (39) formed with air chamber (41), the air chamber of first container (57) and described second The air chamber (41) of device (59) interconnects via connecting line (67).
14. container according to any one of claim 1 to 11 or according to any one of claim 12 and 13 Purposes of the device in solar energy power plant for heat accumulation.
CN201680029151.7A 2015-05-21 2016-05-19 Container for storing liquid and application thereof Pending CN107636400A (en)

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EP15168599.7 2015-05-21
EP15168599 2015-05-21
PCT/EP2016/061262 WO2016184961A1 (en) 2015-05-21 2016-05-19 Container for storing a liquid, and use thereof

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EP (1) EP3297936A1 (en)
CN (1) CN107636400A (en)
AU (1) AU2016265203C1 (en)
BR (1) BR112017024562A2 (en)
CL (1) CL2017002955A1 (en)
IL (1) IL255699A (en)
MA (1) MA41469B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2016184961A1 (en)
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EP3297936A1 (en) 2018-03-28
US20180112929A1 (en) 2018-04-26
WO2016184961A1 (en) 2016-11-24
MA41469B1 (en) 2018-08-31
ZA201708502B (en) 2019-07-31
MA41469A1 (en) 2018-03-30
CL2017002955A1 (en) 2018-03-09
AU2016265203B2 (en) 2020-08-20
AU2016265203C1 (en) 2021-02-11
BR112017024562A2 (en) 2018-07-24
AU2016265203A1 (en) 2017-11-30
IL255699A (en) 2018-01-31

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