CN107631930A - A kind of composite interlayer shearing test clamp - Google Patents
A kind of composite interlayer shearing test clamp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107631930A CN107631930A CN201710900386.5A CN201710900386A CN107631930A CN 107631930 A CN107631930 A CN 107631930A CN 201710900386 A CN201710900386 A CN 201710900386A CN 107631930 A CN107631930 A CN 107631930A
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- chute
- bearing
- sample
- loading head
- alignment pin
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of composite interlayer shearing test clamp, including base, two bearings and loading head；Include chute on the base, described two bearings are fixed in the chute, described two bearings can slide in the chute, described two heights of support are identical, the top surface of each bearing is cambered surface, the length of the top surface of each bearing is more than the Breadth Maximum for the sample that described device can be used to be tested, the top surface of each bearing includes at least one alignment pin, the alignment pin can also include being used for the fastener for fixing the alignment pin on bearing end face length side upward sliding, each bearing；The top surface of the loading head is cambered surface, composite interlayer shearing test device provided by the invention, it is possible to increase the precision of composite interlayer shearing test.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to nonmetallic detection technique, more particularly to a kind of composite interlayer shearing test clamp.
【Background technology】
Composite is by two or more material of different nature, by method physically or chemically, in macroscopic view
Material of the composition with new capability on (or microcosmic).Wherein, the composite laminated plate strengthened using fabric, due to its geometric form
Shape is more stable, and compared with the laminate of unidirectional fibre enhancing, its Balance is preferable, and anisotropy is smaller in face, and in face
Shear strength is higher.In addition, it also has processing simple, the advantages such as manufacturing cost is low, good application prospect is shown.
But due to the design feature of composite laminated plate, cause its interlaminar shear strength relatively low.Interlaminar shear strength
Refer to strength degree of the composite laminated plate under the effect of pure shear load, interlaminar shear strength is to be used to assess composite
The important indicator of the interlayer performance of laminate.
Therefore, for composite laminated plate interlaminar shear strength experiment, be reasonable employment composite laminated plate
Important step.When carrying out interlaminar shear strength experiment to composite laminated plate, it is necessary to apply load to the sample of experiment,
When the following several situations of sample appearance a period of time, the load of application is recorded and by the way that composite corresponding to the sample is calculated
The shear strength of laminate.Above-mentioned several situations include：Load reduction reaches the layering of 30%, sample, loading head displacement surpasses
Cross sample thickness.Wherein, the load applied on sample is needed positioned at the center of sample, and is ensured during whole experiment
The load that sample is subject to is consistent, can just obtain accurate result of the test.
But because sample is during experiment, it is possible to create displacement, the load that now sample is subject to can deviate in sample
The heart, or sample is during experiment, it is possible to create deformation, the load that now sample is subject to can change, so as to make
Result of the test is not accurate enough.
【The content of the invention】
In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, present invention aims at propose a kind of composite interlayer shearing test folder
Tool, ensure that sample is being always positioned at two bearing centers, ensured when sample is deforming upon during experiment during experiment
The power that bearing and loading head are applied on sample is identical, for improving the precision of composite interlayer shearing test.
The present invention is realized by following technical schemes：
A kind of composite interlayer shearing test clamp, including base, two bearings and loading head；The base offers
Chute, two bearings are fixed in chute, and two standoff length directions are vertical with chute direction, and two bearings can be in the chute
Middle slip, the top surface of the bearing is cambered surface, and bearing end face length is more than the Breadth Maximum of test sample, the top of each bearing
Face includes at least one alignment pin, and alignment pin can also include on end face length side's upward sliding of the bearing, each bearing
For fixing the fastener of the alignment pin；The loading head is installed on above two bearings, and loading head top surface is cambered surface.
Further, the alignment pin takes the shape of the letter U, in the dowel hole of one end insertion seat end surface of alignment pin, alignment pin
The other end is located at the top face of the bearing, and at least one side of the bearing includes fastener hole, and fastener hole is with determining
Alignment pin is fixed on bearing by position pin-and-hole connection, the fastener for fixed locating stud through fastener hole.
Further, the rest base also includes chute fastener, the chute fastener include chute trip bolt and
Chute clamp nut, chute clamp nut are located inside chute, and chute trip bolt is connected through bearing with chute clamp nut,
Coordinated by chute trip bolt and chute clamp nut and bearing is fixed in chute.
Further, chute opposite side is set to be provided with base connector in base, base is fixed by base connector
On testing machine for mechanical properties；
The opposite side of the loading head top surface is provided with loading head connector, and loading head is fixed by loading head connector
On testing machine for mechanical properties.
Further, the bearing and the loading head are made using hardness between 8HRC to the steel between HRC.
Further, the chute clamp nut of stating is square nut.
Composite interlayer shearing test device provided by the invention, will be every by the way that two bearings are arranged in chute
Cambered surface is made in the top surface of individual bearing and loading head, and sets at least one alignment pin in the top surface of each bearing so that the device
Have the following advantages that：It can be applied to test the sample of sizes simultaneously, ensure sample during experiment all the time
Positioned at two bearing centers, when sample is deforming upon during experiment, guarantee bearing and loading head are applied to the power on sample
It is identical, so that the composite interlayer shearing test device that the present embodiment provides more efficiently and can be completed more accurately again
Condensation material interlayer shear-strength test.
【Brief description of the drawings】
Fig. 1 is composite laminated plate schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that composite laminated plate carries out interlaminar shear strength experiment；
Fig. 3 A are the front view of composite interlayer shearing test clamp embodiment one provided by the invention；
Fig. 3 B are the side view of composite interlayer shearing test clamp embodiment one provided by the invention；
Fig. 4 A are the view before being loaded to sample；
Fig. 4 B are the view in loading procedure is started to sample；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of composite interlayer shearing test clamp embodiment two provided by the invention；
In figure：Base 31, bearing 32, loading head 33, chute 34, alignment pin 35, fastener 36, sample 41, chute fastening
Screw 51, chute clamp nut 52.
【Embodiment】
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
Part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 is composite laminated plate schematic diagram, and in Fig. 1, l is the length of composite laminated plate, and h is composite
The thickness of laminate, b are the width of composite laminated plate.
On composite laminated plate, apply pure shear load from the width direction, when composite laminated plate occurs to divide
When layer, fracture, load are decreased obviously, that is, think composite laminated plate by ultimate load.It is if composite laminated
Plate interlaminar shear strength is τ, and unit is MPa (MPa)；The ultimate load that composite laminated plate is subject to is Pm, and unit is ox
(N)；Composite laminated plate width is b, and thickness h, unit is millimeter (mm).
The interlaminar shear strength of composite laminated plate can be then calculated according to equation below.
Wherein, when carrying out interlaminar shear strength experiment to composite laminated plate, the length l mono- of composite laminated plate
As be 10 times of thickness h, width b is 5 times of thickness h.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that composite laminated plate carries out interlaminar shear strength experiment, as shown in Fig. 2 to composite wood
, it is necessary to sample both ends are placed on bearing 32 when bed of material plywood carries out interlaminar shear strength experiment, the wherein one side of sample with
Bearing 32 contacts, and adjustment sample is placed in the middle on two bearings 32, and causes the length of sample to be axially perpendicular to loading head 33 and both sides
Bearing 32.Then load is applied at the center of the width of sample using loading head 33.Wherein, between two bearings 32
Span and sample thickness are 4.9~5 across thickness rate, and every section on specimen length direction all stretches out at least sample thickness of bearing 32
Distance.
When starting experiment, sample is loaded using loading head 33 with defined speed, lasting loading until occur with
One of lower situation：Load reduction 30%, sample layering, the displacement of loading head 33 exceed sample thickness.Now, record experiment
During maximum load, and according to above-mentioned formula calculate sample representated by composite laminated plate interlaminar shear strength.
It can be seen from composite laminated plate shown in Fig. 2 carries out the schematic diagram of interlaminar shear strength experiment, interlayer is being carried out
, it is necessary to which sample is placed on into centered position in side supports during shear strength test.And sample is when being placed on bearing, how
Ensure that sample is in centered position on bearing, be to carry out the problem of interlayer shear-strength test should be noted.And add using
When carrier head applies load to sample, there may be deformation for sample.And when sample produces deformation, bearing and loading head connect with sample
Tactile point may change.Changed so as to cause to be applied to the load pressure on sample.Therefore, interlayer shear is being carried out
It during experiment, can solve the above problems, be to ensure that the key factor of test accuracy.
Fig. 3 A are the front view of composite interlayer shearing test device embodiment one provided by the invention, and Fig. 3 B are this hair
The side view of the composite interlayer shearing test device embodiment one of bright offer, as shown in Figure 3 A and Figure 3 B, the present embodiment
Composite interlayer shearing test device includes：31, two bearings 32 of base and loading head 33.
Include chute 34 on base 31, two bearings 32 are fixed in chute 34, and two bearings 32 can be slided in chute 34
Dynamic, two bearings 32 are highly identical, and the top surface of each bearing 32 is cambered surface, and the length of the top surface of each bearing 32 is more than and can made
The Breadth Maximum for the sample tested with the device, the top surface of each bearing 32 include at least one alignment pin 35, alignment pin
35 can also include the fastener for fixed locating stud 35 on end face length side's upward sliding of bearing 32, each bearing 32
36, the top surface of loading head 33 is cambered surface.
Specifically, when carrying out interlayer shear-strength test to sample, it is understood that there may be following problems：First is the sample of the experiment
Size may be different, and experimental rig is required to be applied to test the sample of sizes；Next is the need to ensure that examination
Sample is always positioned at two bearing centers during experiment；In addition, when sample deforms upon during experiment, bearing and loading
The power that head is applied on sample may change, and influence test accuracy.
Existing above mentioned problem during in order to overcome composite interlayer shearing test, the composite layer that the present embodiment provides
Between shearing test device be made up of 31, two bearings 32 of base and loading head 33.Include chute 34, chute 34 in its center base 31
Opened up on a side on the length direction of base 31, chute 34 is located at the centre in a face on base 31, chute 34
Length can be identical with the length of base 31, that is, penetrates base 31, or the length of chute 34 is also less than the length of base 31
Degree.But the length of chute 34 is at least greater than the maximum length for the sample tested using the device.Two bearings 32 are fixed
In chute 34, two bearings 32 can slide in chute 34, and two bearings 32 are highly identical, because sample is disposed on two
On bearing 32, by adjusting the distance between two bearings 32, then the sample of different length can be tested, therefore two
Bearing 32 can slide in chute 34, meanwhile, in order to ensure being carried in the dynamic balance on sample, the height of two bearings 32
Need it is identical, further, since experiment during need to load the sample being placed on bearing 32, in order to ensure sample and
The stabilization of bearing 32, bearing 32 there is a need for being able to be fixed in chute 34.
The top surface of each bearing 32 is cambered surface, while the top surface of loading head 33 is also cambered surface.This is due to that sample is to put
It is placed on two bearings 32, sample is loaded by loading head 33, there may be deformation for sample in loading procedure.And if try
Sample generates deformation, then the point of bearing 32 and loading head 33 and sample contacts will change.If bearing 32 and loading head
33 top surface has corner angle, then during experiment, on sample, and bearing 32 and loading head 33 and sample contacts at different moments
The pressure that point is subject to is also different.Such as if the top surface of bearing 32 is rectangle, when sample produces deformation during experiment, then
It can be recessed to the direction of base 31 among sample, the rectangle rib that the contact point of sample and bearing 32 can be gradually to top surface is close.And
The deformation of sample is bigger, and contact point can be closer to the rib of rectangle, it means that the contact area of sample and bearing 32 is less and less.
It can be seen from the calculation formula of pressure, the pressure suffered by object is equal to its power divided by contact area that are subject to, therefore above-mentioned
In the case of, sample deformation is more serious, and the pressure being subject to is also bigger.Similarly, the situation at loading head 33 is same.And pressure becomes
Change can cause result of the test to produce change.Therefore, the top surface of bearing 32 and loading head 33 is designed as cambered surface, then when shape occurs for sample
During change, the face that sample contacts with bearing 32 and loading head 33 is all cambered surface, and contact area is all identical, that is, pressure is identical.
In addition, the length of each top surface of bearing 32 is more than the Breadth Maximum for the sample that the device can be used to be tested, so in order that
Sample can be always positioned above bearing 32, and the sample of different in width can be tested.
The top surface of each bearing 32 also includes at least one alignment pin 35, and alignment pin 35 can be in the end face length direction of bearing
Upper slip, the fastener 36 for fixed locating stud 35 is also included on each bearing 32.Namely it is further fixed on bearing 32
Alignment pin 35, alignment pin 35 are fixed on bearing 32 by fastener 36.Alignment pin 35 is located at the top surface of bearing 32, and can be
The end face length side's upward sliding of bearing 32.The sample that alignment pin 35 is used to be placed on bearing 32 is positioned so that sample
It will not be subjected to displacement during experiment on bearing 32.Alignment pin 35 can be on the length direction of the top surface of each bearing 32
A side set, or alignment pin 35 can also be two sides on the length direction of the top surface of each bearing 32
Set.Because when carrying out interlayer shear-strength test, loading head needs the center loaded load in sample, therefore sets alignment pin 35
Enable to, when the sample to different in width is tested, first position good position using alignment pin 35, then place sample
When on bearing 32, alignment pin 35 can ensure that sample is in the center of bearing 32.
In summary, the composite interlayer shearing test device that the present embodiment provides, by the way that two bearings are arranged on
In chute, cambered surface is made in the top surface of each bearing and loading head, and at least one alignment pin is set in the top surface of each bearing,
So that the device has the following advantages that：It can be applied to test the sample of sizes simultaneously, ensure that sample is being tested
During be always positioned at two bearing centers, ensure that bearing and loading head are applied to when sample is deforming upon during experiment
Power on sample is identical, so that the composite interlayer shearing test device that the present embodiment provides can be more efficiently and more smart
Really complete composite interlayer shearing test.
Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B provide composite interlayer shearing test device for Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B illustrated embodiments and tested
View in journey.Wherein, Fig. 4 A are the view before loading is started to sample, as shown in Figure 4 A, sample 41
It is positioned on two bearings 32, loading head 33 prepares to be loaded on sample 41.Fig. 4 B are to start loading procedure to sample
In view, as shown in Figure 4 B, after loading head 33 loads to sample 41, sample 41 can produce deformation, center
It can be recessed to the side of base 31；Do not show in Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B alignment pin be due in figure alignment pin blocked by sample 41 and
It can not show.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of composite interlayer shearing test device embodiment two provided by the invention, and Fig. 5 only shows
Go out base and bearing.
On the basis of Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B illustrated embodiments, in order to ensure that bearing 32 can be fixed in chute 34, and
It can be slided in chute 34, then composite interlayer shearing test device provided by the invention can also include following special
Sign：Width in chute 34 is more than the width on the surface of chute 34.The bottom of bearing 32 also includes chute fastener, chute fastener bag
Chute trip bolt 51 and chute clamp nut 52 are included, chute clamp nut 52 is square, the length of side of chute clamp nut 52
More than the surface of chute 34 width and more than Breadth Maximum in chute 34 and less than the Breadth Maximum in chute 34, it is sliding
Groove clamp nut 52 is located inside chute 34, the fastening that chute clamp nut 54 and chute trip bolt 51 pass through the bottom of bearing 32
Hole links together.
From figure 5 it can be seen that the width inside chute 34 is more than the width on its surface, while the bottom of bearing 32 has cunning
Groove fastener, chute fastener include chute trip bolt 51 and chute clamp nut 52, and chute clamp nut 52 is square,
Chute clamp nut 52 is located inside chute 34, then by designing the suitable length of side of chute clamp nut 52, then can cause
After chute trip bolt 51 and chute clamp nut 52 are linked together by the fastener hole of the bottom of bearing 32, bearing 32 is by card
On chute 34, it will not fall off out.When unclamping chute trip bolt 51, bearing 32 can slide on chute 34, when stubborn
During tight chute trip bolt 51, bearing 32 can be fixed on chute 34.
It can be drawn according to simple trigonometric function, when the length of side of chute clamp nut 52 is more than the width on the surface of chute 34
And when being less than the Breadth Maximum in chute 34, chute clamp nut 52 can be positioned in chute 34 can't be from chute 34
Abjection.And the length of side of chute clamp nut 52 is more than Breadth Maximum in chute 34, can rotating chute trip bolt
When 51, chute clamp nut 52 can be stuck in chute 34, realize self-locking.
Further, in the various embodiments described above, alignment pin 35 can be with U-shaped, and in the length side of the top surface of bearing 32
To at least one side include dowel hole, in one end insertion dowel hole of alignment pin 35, the other end position of alignment pin 35
In the top surface of bearing 32, at least one side of the width of the top surface of bearing 32 includes fastener hole, and fastener 36 is located at
In fastener hole, fastener hole connects with dowel hole.When fastener 36 unclamps, alignment pin 35 can move in dowel hole
It is dynamic so that alignment pin 35 slides on the length direction of the top surface of bearing 32, when alignment pin 35 is in the length direction of the top surface of bearing 32
On be moved to needed for position when, tightening fastener parts 36, then alignment pin 35 will be fixed.
Further, in the various embodiments described above, the top surface of bearing 32 is smooth, without pit, carrot-free cambered surface, loading
First 33 top surface is smooth, without pit, carrot-free cambered surface.
Further, in the various embodiments described above, bearing 32 and loading head 33 using hardness between 58HRC to 62HRC it
Between steel make.
Composite interlayer shearing test device base 31 provided by the invention is connected with base connector loading head 33 and connected
It is connected to loading head connector.
Wherein, base 31 includes base connector 61 in the opposite side of chute 34, and base connector 61 is used for base
31 are fixed on testing machine for mechanical properties, and loading head 33 includes loading head connector 62 in the opposite side of top surface, and loading head connects
Fitting 62 is used to loading head 33 being fixed on testing machine for mechanical properties.Sample is set between two bearings 32 and loading head 33
41, show that sample 41 is bent the state of song in figure.
Testing machine for mechanical properties is the special equipment for carrying out material mechanical performance testing experiment, and it is needed loading head
Fixed with base, so as to which shear strength test could be carried out.Therefore, the composite interlayer shearing test dress that the present embodiment provides
Putting also includes base connector 61 and loading head connector 62, so as to which device is connected on testing machine for mechanical properties.Bottom
The concrete structure of seat connector 61 and loading head connector 62 determines according to testing machine for mechanical properties.In the present embodiment, bottom
Seat connector 61 and loading head connector 62 are the column structure with step, and are provided with fixing hole, pass through fixing hole
It is connected with testing machine for mechanical properties.
Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those within the art that：Its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, either which part or all technical characteristic are entered
Row equivalent substitution；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technology
The scope of scheme.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. composite interlayer shearing test clamp, it is characterised in that：Including base (31), two bearings (32) and loading Head (33)；The base (31) offers chute (34), and two bearings (32) are fixed in chute (34), two bearing (32) length Direction is vertical with chute (34) direction, and two bearings (32) can be slided in the chute (34), the top surface of the bearing (32) It is cambered surface, bearing (32) end face length is more than the Breadth Maximum of test sample, and the top surface of each bearing (32) includes at least one Individual alignment pin (35), alignment pin (35) can be gone back on end face length side's upward sliding of the bearing (32), each bearing (32) Including the fastener (36) for fixing the alignment pin (35)；The loading head (33) is installed on above two bearings (32), Loading head (33) top surface is cambered surface.
- 2. composite interlayer shearing test clamp according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The alignment pin (35) is in U-shaped, one end of alignment pin (35) are inserted in the dowel hole of seat end surface, and the other end of alignment pin (35) is located at the bearing (32) top face, at least one side of the bearing (32) include fastener hole, and fastener hole connects with dowel hole, Alignment pin (35) is fixed on bearing by the fastener (36) for fixed locating stud (35) through fastener hole.
- 3. composite interlayer shearing test clamp according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Bearing (32) bottom Also include chute fastener, the chute fastener includes chute trip bolt (51) and chute clamp nut (52), and chute is tight Gu nut (52) is located at, chute (34) is internal, and chute trip bolt (51) connects through bearing (32) and chute clamp nut (52) Connect, coordinated by chute trip bolt (51) and chute clamp nut (52) and bearing (32) is fixed in chute (34).
- 4. the composite interlayer shearing test clamp according to claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that：In base (31) Chute (34) opposite side is set to be provided with base connector, base (31) is fixed on mechanical property test by base connector On machine；The opposite side of loading head (33) top surface is provided with loading head connector, and loading head (33) passes through loading head connector It is fixed on testing machine for mechanical properties.
- 5. the composite interlayer shearing test clamp according to claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that：The bearing (32) made with the loading head (33) using hardness between 58HRC to the steel between 62HRC.
- 6. the composite interlayer shearing test clamp according to claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that：It is described to state chute Clamp nut (52) is square nut.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710900386.5A CN107631930A (en) | 2017-09-28 | 2017-09-28 | A kind of composite interlayer shearing test clamp |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710900386.5A CN107631930A (en) | 2017-09-28 | 2017-09-28 | A kind of composite interlayer shearing test clamp |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108318352A (en) * | 2018-01-27 | 2018-07-24 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of fixture for composite structure connection simple shear test |
| CN110108578A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-09 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of shearing test device and system based on universal testing machine |
| CN113029942A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-25 | 上海交通大学 | Single-interface bonding strength evaluation test method |
| CN113607572A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-11-05 | 江苏省建筑工程质量检测中心有限公司 | Channel body shear strength mechanical test tool and application thereof |
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