CN107630784B - A kind of closing method for fixed pitch wind power generating set - Google Patents
A kind of closing method for fixed pitch wind power generating set Download PDFInfo
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- CN107630784B CN107630784B CN201710870110.7A CN201710870110A CN107630784B CN 107630784 B CN107630784 B CN 107630784B CN 201710870110 A CN201710870110 A CN 201710870110A CN 107630784 B CN107630784 B CN 107630784B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of closing method for fixed pitch wind power generating set, after triggering is shut down, process while being performed step 1: taking shelter from the wind in drain charge process and stopping process；Step 2: if unit execute be emergency shutdown, shut down triggering setting time after or wind speed round be less than setting value, unit execute mechanical brake process；Step 3: after the execution of mechanical brake process, if unit has over voltage alarm, the movement of generator short circuit contactor, short-circuit generator；After the completion of first three step executes, shutdown action is completed in unit；4th step executes process of taking shelter from the wind after the completion of shutting down；Take shelter from the wind after the process end setup time after the completion of shutting down, if wind wheel mean speed is greater than the set value in 15s, unit re-executes shutdown process since the first step.The present invention can not only cope with conventional compressor emergency shutdown, and after the simple function failure of each functional unit of unit, unit remains to successfully complete shutdown action according to this method, highly-safe.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of closing methods for wind power generating set, more particularly to a kind of fixed pitch wind-force that is used for send out
The closing method of motor group.
Background technique
Wind-resources be it is a kind of have a high potential, the renewable energy that technology is mature on the whole.In recent years, global resources environmental constraints
Aggravation, climate change become clear day by day, great attention of the wind-powered electricity generation increasingly by countries in the world.
Opposite fixed pitch wind power generating set, structure is complicated for the wind wheel system of pitch-controlled wind-driven generator group, it is expensive,
Maintenance frequency is higher.Therefore, fixed pitch type wind wheel system is widely used in middle-size and small-size wind power generating set.Safety and stabilization are
The important indicator of wind power generating set performance is measured, for unit when occurring extremely, shutdown is the unique side for guaranteeing unit safety
Formula.
Wind power generating set is in the case where strong wind, if shutdown action cannot be completed normally, i.e., unit cannot be by design
Process reduces wind speed round, will cause the driving of unit.After unit is more than the wind speed round allowed, first is that will cause serious machine
Tool damage: blade in wind wheel system is impaired, causes its center of the centre-of gravity shift of wind wheel, so as to cause the vibration that unit is strong,
The substantially swing of set tower drum, this is to yaw system, brake system, wind wheel system, tower, or even entire unit causes to repair
Multiple destruction.Worst situation can cause collapsing for entire unit；Second is that will affect the service life of unit electric part: bus electricity
That flows is excessive, causes the overheat of generator, influences the service life of generator, while causing controller high temperature, gently then causes controller
The damage of interior component, it is heavy then cause fire.In addition, in addition to the harm to wind power generating set itself, wind-driven generator hypervelocity
Also seriously threaten the safety of unit surrounding population, building.
And the fixed pitch wind power generating set shutdown means for lacking variable pitch function are limited, fixed pitch wind power generating set is common
Shutdown means have mechanical brake, drain charge, take shelter from the wind and electromagnetic braking.As shown in Figure 1, they are according to certain permutation and combination, shape
At specific control strategy, to achieve the purpose that compressor emergency shutdown.In entire stopping process, according to the maximum moment curve of generator
Execute drain charge；Take shelter from the wind mark that movement is completed or be that cabin yaws to 90 ° of wind direction positions or is to yaw to lower wind wheel
Revolving speed；Mechanical brake generally after wind speed round reduces slightly, is put at once；Very low wind speed round is finally reduced to wind wheel
Afterwards, unit carries out electromagnetic braking, i.e. generator short circuit.
The shutdown strategy of above-mentioned traditional fixed pitch wind power generating set, the shutdown of reply unit routine are no any ask
Topic.But when a certain measuring system of unit or a certain actuator failure, cause any one hand in compressor emergency shutdown means
When Duan Wufa is normally carried out, i.e., after the failure of unit simple function, the resultant force of other brake tools of fixed pitch wind power generating set is not
The wind energy for being enough that wind wheel is overcome to obtain from wind is shut down.When wind vane failure, the beginning point of reference of yaw is just inaccurate, that
Unit is taken shelter from the wind according to the beginning point of reference of this mistake, and the angle of cabin and wind direction can be random angle after taking shelter from the wind
Degree；After the sensor fault for having walked angle in yaw system for calculating yaw, movement of taking shelter from the wind can not be normally carried out, then at this time
Function of taking shelter from the wind just fails；When wind speed round measuring system failure, wind speed round measured value is excessive compared with actual value, mechanical brake,
Electromagnetic braking can not be normally carried out, and movement of taking shelter from the wind can not normally complete.Wind speed round measured value is too small compared with actual value, mechanical brake
Premature investment, this will cause the overheat of brake block, reduces the brake force of mechanical brake, it is irreversible to will also result in brake block
The bright phenomenon of heat.
Therefore, for fixed pitch wind power generating set, how shutdown action is safely and effectively completed, it is fast in stopping process
Speed effectively reduces power coefficient, reduces the capture of unit wind energy, is that those skilled in the art are dedicated to the difficulty solved
Topic.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to be directed to fixed pitch wind power generating set, how safely and effectively to complete to shut down
Movement.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide one kind to be used for fixed pitch wind power generating set
Closing method, it is characterised in that: triggering shut down after, unit executes at once shut down process, shutdown process the step of it is as follows:
It process while being performed step 1: taking shelter from the wind in drain charge process and stopping process；
Step 2: if unit execute be emergency shutdown, shut down triggering setting time after or wind speed round be less than setting
Value, unit execute mechanical brake process；Crush trigger brake process has a premise, and wind speed round cannot be greater than 85RPM；
Step 3:, if unit has over voltage alarm, generator short circuit contactor acts after the execution of mechanical brake process,
Short-circuit generator；After the completion of first three step executes, shutdown action is completed in unit；
4th step executes process of taking shelter from the wind after the completion of shutting down；After shutting down the process end setup time of taking shelter from the wind after the completion, if
Wind wheel mean speed is greater than the set value in 15s, then unit re-executes shutdown process since the first step.
Preferably, in the first step, drain charge process using by motor maximum output torque carry out drain charge by the way of, according to
The current revolving speed of wind wheel, busbar voltage, electric current calculate the maximum force, and real-time tracing wind speed round, mother out of drain charge system
Line voltage, bus current dynamically adjust drain charge and go out force, provide maximum braking moment in real time to reach drain charge system；Together
When drain charge process increase shutdown after the completion of, drain charge locking function after that is, unit normally completes shutdown, does not close drain charge stream still
Journey, and maximum braking moment is provided in real time with optimal operating point, so that wind wheel is no longer after guaranteeing that unit normally completes shutdown
Unintentional rotation.
Preferably, in the first step, the purpose for process of taking shelter from the wind in stopping process is to reduce wind speed round；Wind wheel is from wind
The wind energy of middle absorption
Pwind=(1/2) * Cp*ρ*Acosθ*V
Wherein, PwindFor the wind energy that wind wheel absorbs from wind, CpFor power coefficient, ρ is atmospheric density, and A is wind wheel face
Product, θ is Windward angle, and V is wind speed；
From the above equation, we can see that Windward angle θ, in 90 ° or 270 °, the wind energy that wind wheel absorbs from wind is 0；Therefore, as long as machine
Group successfully completes movement of taking shelter from the wind, and compressor emergency shutdown can normally complete.
It is highly preferred that after angular transducer failure has been walked in yaw, unit executes the time according to movement of taking shelter from the wind in stopping process
It calculates yaw and has walked angle；Through this method after angular transducer failure has been walked in yaw, guarantee the normal execution of movement of taking shelter from the wind,
To reduce the probability for failure of taking shelter from the wind.
Further, the foundation, which is taken shelter from the wind, acts the method that angle has been walked in time calculating yaw that executes are as follows: yawing velocity is permanent
Fixed, the product that yawing velocity executes the time with movement of taking shelter from the wind is to yaw angle.
Preferably, for process of taking shelter from the wind in stopping process, determine that the minimum stroke taken shelter from the wind is 135 °, because wind wheel exists always
Near prevailing wind direction, after stroke of taking shelter from the wind is greater than 135 °, wind wheel must lean against prevailing wind direction.
Preferably, for process of taking shelter from the wind in stopping process, consider that tower cable stranded cable angle asks the limitation for movement of taking shelter from the wind
Topic: before taking shelter from the wind, first confirm that whether the stroke in direction of taking shelter from the wind meets the limitation of stranded cable angle and require；If the requirements are not met, just to
Other direction is taken shelter from the wind, to guarantee that unit secondary will not enter prevailing wind direction.
Preferably, process of taking shelter from the wind after the completion of shutting down is that unit normally completes abnormal starting again after shutdown in order to prevent；Stop
Take shelter from the wind movement during machine or after movement of taking shelter from the wind after the completion of shutting down normally completes, every setting time, unit take shelter from the wind again to
90 °, make unit that can not absorb from wind excessive wind energy.
Preferably, it shuts down in process, when detecting mechanical brake investment setting time, wind speed round cannot be effectively reduced
Afterwards, mechanical brake immediately unclamps, and after brake-block temperature reduction, mechanical brake is put into again, to guarantee having for mechanical brake
Effect braking.
Preferably, it shuts down in process, other operating conditions in addition to bus overvoltage are without electromagnetic braking.
Method provided by the invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, can not only cope with conventional compressor emergency shutdown, work as machine
After the simple function failure of each functional unit of group, unit remains to successfully complete shutdown action according to this method, highly-safe.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the closing method flow chart of traditional fixed pitch wind power generating set；
Fig. 2 is the closing method flow chart provided in this embodiment for fixed pitch wind power generating set；
Fig. 3 is flow diagram of taking shelter from the wind in stopping process；
Fig. 4 is flow diagram of taking shelter from the wind after the completion of shutting down.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than it limits the scope of the invention.In addition, it should also be understood that, after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art
Member can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and such equivalent forms equally fall within the application the appended claims and limited
Range.
Wind power generating set occurs abnormal unavoidable in the process of running, and shutdown is to prevent operating states of the units from continuing to dislike
The effective means of change.Fig. 2 is the closing method flow chart provided in this embodiment for fixed pitch wind power generating set, described
Closing method for fixed pitch wind power generating set specifically:
After triggering is shut down, unit executes at once shuts down process:
The first step, drain charge process and stopping process, which are taken shelter from the wind, process while to be performed；
Second step, if unit execution is emergency shutdown, or after shutdown triggering Δ T time (time that Δ T is setting), or
Wind speed round is less than setting value R0, and unit executes mechanical brake process；Crush trigger brake process has a premise, and wind speed round is not
85RPM can be greater than；
Third step, after the execution of mechanical brake process, if unit has over voltage alarm, generator short circuit contactor is acted,
Short-circuit generator；After the completion of first three step executes, shutdown action is completed in unit；
4th step executes process of taking shelter from the wind after the completion of shutting down.Shut down after the completion of take shelter from the wind terminate Δ T time (Δ T be set when
Between) after, if wind wheel mean speed is greater than the set value R0 in 15s, unit re-executes shutdown process since the first step.
The difference master of closing method provided in this embodiment for fixed pitch wind power generating set and traditional closing method
It is embodied in following aspects:
1, drain charge process
Shutdown drain charge process proposed by the present invention maintains in former stopping process compared with traditional drain charge process by motor maximum
The mode of output torque progress drain charge: drain charge system immediately enters drain charge process after unit triggering is shut down.It is current according to wind wheel
Revolving speed, busbar voltage, electric current, calculate drain charge system it is maximum go out force；And real-time tracing wind speed round, busbar voltage,
Bus current dynamically adjusts drain charge and goes out force, has reached drain charge system and provides maximum braking moment in real time.Of the invention lets out
After the completion of lotus process increases shutdown, drain charge locking function after that is, unit normally completes shutdown, does not close drain charge process still, and
Maximum braking moment is provided in real time with optimal operating point, so that wind wheel is no longer unexpected after guaranteeing that unit normally completes shutdown
Rotation.
2, take shelter from the wind process
Process of taking shelter from the wind is divided into stopping process shown in Fig. 3 after the completion of take shelter from the wind process and shutdown shown in Fig. 4 process of taking shelter from the wind.
The purpose taken shelter from the wind in stopping process is to cooperate other means that wind speed round is reduced to lower revolving speed.Wind wheel is from wind
The wind energy of middle absorption
Pwind=(1/2) * Cp*ρ*Acosθ*V
Wherein, PwindFor the wind energy that wind wheel absorbs from wind, CpFor power coefficient, ρ is atmospheric density, and A is wind wheel face
Product, θ is Windward angle, and V is wind speed.
By above formula, it is not difficult to find out that, when Windward angle θ is near 90 ° or 270 °, the wind energy that wind wheel absorbs from wind is almost
0.Therefore, as long as unit successfully completes movement of taking shelter from the wind, compressor emergency shutdown can be normally completed.
But since set yaw speed is slow, during unit is taken shelter from the wind, unit need to clamp down on wind wheel by other means and turn
Speed.It can be said that the success or not of the movement that focuses on taking shelter from the wind of this strategy.Therefore, the present invention shuts down process in view of yawing
After walking angular transducer, wind transducer, wind speed round sensor, yaw driving failure, how to guarantee the normal of movement of taking shelter from the wind
It executes, to greatly reduce the probability for failure of taking shelter from the wind: after angular transducer failure has been walked in yaw, unit is according to movement of taking shelter from the wind
It executes time calculating yaw and has walked angle (yawing velocity is constant, and the product of speed and time are yaw stroke)；In order to ensure wind
To and wind speed round sensor failure after, movement of taking shelter from the wind can be executed accurately, and the minimum stroke taken shelter from the wind has been determined in algorithm
135°.Because wind wheel is always near prevailing wind direction, after stroke of taking shelter from the wind is greater than 135 °, wind wheel must lean against prevailing wind direction.
In addition, present invention additionally contemplates that restricted problem of the tower cable stranded cable angle to movement of taking shelter from the wind, before taking shelter from the wind first
Confirm whether the stroke in direction of taking shelter from the wind meets the limitation of stranded cable angle and require, if the requirements are not met, just take shelter from the wind to other direction, with
Guarantee that unit secondary will not enter prevailing wind direction.
Take shelter from the wind after the completion of shutting down is that unit normally completes abnormal starting again after shutdown in order to prevent.Take shelter from the wind in stopping process
Movement or after taking shelter from the wind and normally complete after the completion of shutting down, after Δ T time, unit is taken shelter from the wind again to 90 °, makes unit can not be from
Excessive wind energy is absorbed in wind.Δ T is the time of setting.
3, mechanical brake
Traditional mechanical brake is put into after wind speed round is reduced to certain value, but after wind speed round is promoted again, machine
Tool brake is not cut out.But if after mechanical brake investment, if wind wheel can not be braked effectively, the temperature of braking mechanism
Degree can be increased rapidly；According to the intrinsic characteristic of brake block, mechanical brake torque can be reduced rapidly as the temperature rises.This
The lasting brake of sample can not only provide brake torque well, also will cause the bright damage of the expendable heat of mechanical brake,
The raising that but will cause cabin temperature, threatens the safety of other components cabin Nei, or even causes catching fire in cabin.
Therefore, in shutdown process of the invention, when detecting mechanical brake investment a period of time, wind speed round cannot be effective
Reduction after, mechanical brake immediately unclamp, after brake-block temperature reduction after, mechanical brake is put into again, to guarantee mechanical brake
The effective brake of vehicle.
4, electromagnetic braking
The electromagnetic braking of unit, the i.e. automatic short-circuit of generator, after wind speed round is reduced to certain revolving speed, it can be very
Good offer braking moment.The electromagnetic braking of unit will cause the wind wheel measured by measuring generator side Current Voltage frequency
Revolving speed is unable to measure.If wind wheel abnormal starting again after electromagnetic braking, and by chance mechanical wind speed round sensor at this time
Failure, unit is to be unaware of wind wheel to have rotated, and thus will cause the driving of unit.
Therefore, other operating conditions that shutdown process of the invention removes bus overvoltage are without electromagnetic braking.
To sum up, wind power generating set occurs abnormal unavoidable in the process of running, and shutdown is to prevent operating states of the units
Continue the effective means deteriorated.By experiments have shown that, it is single in each functional unit that unit can be improved in method provided by the invention
The probability that shutdown is normally completed after failure has superiority in secure context.
Closing method provided in this embodiment for fixed pitch wind power generating set can not only cope with conventional unit
It shuts down, after the failure of unit simple function, after unit executes shutdown according to this closing method, unit remains to successfully complete to stop
Motor-driven work.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of closing method for fixed pitch wind power generating set, it is characterised in that: after triggering is shut down, unit executes at once
The step of shutting down process, shutting down process is as follows:
It process while being performed step 1: taking shelter from the wind in drain charge process and stopping process；
Step 2: if unit execute be emergency shutdown, shut down triggering setting time after or wind speed round be less than setting value,
Unit executes mechanical brake process；Crush trigger brake process has a premise, and wind speed round cannot be greater than 85RPM；
Step 3: after the execution of mechanical brake process, if unit has over voltage alarm, the movement of generator short circuit contactor, short circuit
Generator；After the completion of first three step executes, shutdown action is completed in unit；
4th step executes process of taking shelter from the wind after the completion of shutting down；After shutting down the process end setup time of taking shelter from the wind after the completion, if in 15s
Wind wheel mean speed is greater than the set value, then unit re-executes shutdown process since the first step；
The purpose for process of taking shelter from the wind in the first step, in stopping process is to reduce wind speed round；The wind that wind wheel absorbs from wind
Energy
Pwind=(1/2) * Cp*ρ*Acosθ*V
Wherein, PwindFor the wind energy that wind wheel absorbs from wind, CpFor power coefficient, ρ is atmospheric density, and A is wind wheel area, θ
For Windward angle, V is wind speed；
From the above equation, we can see that Windward angle θ, in 90 ° or 270 °, the wind energy that wind wheel absorbs from wind is 0；Therefore, as long as machine forms
Function completes movement of taking shelter from the wind, and compressor emergency shutdown can normally complete；
In stopping process, after angular transducer failure has been walked in yaw, unit calculates yaw according to the movement execution time of taking shelter from the wind and has walked
Angle；Through this method after angular transducer failure has been walked in yaw, guarantee the normal execution of movement of taking shelter from the wind, takes shelter from the wind to reduce
The probability of failure；
The foundation take shelter from the wind movement execute the time calculate yaw walked angle method are as follows: yawing velocity is constant, yawing velocity with
The product that movement of taking shelter from the wind executes the time is to yaw angle；
Shut down process in, when detect mechanical brake put into setting time, after wind speed round cannot be effectively reduced, mechanical brake
It immediately unclamps, after brake-block temperature reduction, mechanical brake is put into again, to guarantee the effective brake of mechanical brake.
2. a kind of closing method for fixed pitch wind power generating set as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described the
In one step, drain charge process is by the way of carrying out drain charge by motor maximum output torque, according to the current revolving speed of wind wheel, bus electricity
Pressure, electric current calculate the maximum force, and real-time tracing wind speed round, busbar voltage, bus current out of drain charge system, dynamic
Ground adjustment drain charge goes out force, provides maximum braking moment in real time to reach drain charge system；Drain charge process increases shutdown simultaneously
After the completion, drain charge locking function after that is, unit normally completes shutdown, does not close drain charge process still, and real with optimal operating point
When maximum braking moment is provided, thus after guaranteeing that unit normally completes shutdown, wind wheel no longer unintentional rotation.
3. a kind of closing method for fixed pitch wind power generating set as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: for stopping
Take shelter from the wind during machine process, determine that the minimum stroke taken shelter from the wind is 135 °, because wind wheel, always near prevailing wind direction, stroke of taking shelter from the wind is big
After 135 °, wind wheel must lean against prevailing wind direction.
4. a kind of closing method for fixed pitch wind power generating set as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: for stopping
Take shelter from the wind during machine process, considers tower cable stranded cable angle to the restricted problem for movement of taking shelter from the wind: before taking shelter from the wind, first confiring that and take shelter from the wind
Whether the stroke in direction, which meets the limitation of stranded cable angle, requires；If the requirements are not met, just takes shelter from the wind to other direction, to guarantee unit
Secondary it will not enter prevailing wind direction.
5. a kind of closing method for fixed pitch wind power generating set as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: shut down
Process of taking shelter from the wind after is that unit normally completes abnormal starting again after shutdown in order to prevent；Take shelter from the wind in stopping process movement or shutdown
After movement of taking shelter from the wind after the completion normally completes, every setting time, unit is taken shelter from the wind again to 90 °, inhale unit can not from wind
Receive excessive wind energy.
6. a kind of closing method for fixed pitch wind power generating set as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: shut down stream
Cheng Zhong, other operating conditions in addition to bus overvoltage are without electromagnetic braking.
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| CN201710870110.7A CN107630784B (en) | 2017-09-22 | 2017-09-22 | A kind of closing method for fixed pitch wind power generating set |
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| CN201710870110.7A CN107630784B (en) | 2017-09-22 | 2017-09-22 | A kind of closing method for fixed pitch wind power generating set |
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| CN109695538B (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-08-14 | 上海致远绿色能源股份有限公司 | Safety control method for small fan |
| CN110821758B (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-12-01 | 固安华电天仁控制设备有限公司 | Wind turbine generator pitch motor braking torque online detection device and method |
| CN112963304B (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2023-11-24 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司西北电力试验研究院 | Wind turbine generator overspeed protection auxiliary control method comprising torque control |
| CN113931796B (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2024-02-09 | 许昌许继风电科技有限公司 | Yaw shutdown control method and system for wind turbine generator |
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| CN103883468B (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2016-03-30 | 成都阜特科技股份有限公司 | The controlling method of a kind of wind power generating set when low wind |
| US20170241405A1 (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2017-08-24 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Turbine over-rating using turbulence prediction |
| CN104595109B (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2017-11-10 | 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 | Wind-driven generator tackles the accessory system and method for high wind |
| CN106593767B (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-11-30 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Yaw control method of wind driven generator, and emergency control method and system for severe wind conditions |
| CN106762393A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-05-31 | 青岛科技大学 | Collapsible blade wind power generation plant |
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