CN107621621A - A kind of intelligent electric energy meter is in Line synthesis error calibration method - Google Patents
A kind of intelligent electric energy meter is in Line synthesis error calibration method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
It is in Line synthesis error calibration method, step the present invention relates to a kind of intelligent electric energy meter：(1) intelligent electric energy meter cluster is installed to form tree topology；(2) flow conservation algorithm model is obtained；(3) the data on flows of intelligent electric energy meter cluster during repeatedly record is run, while record the service condition of intelligent electric energy meter cluster；(4) flow quantity is subjected to Equivalent Conversion；(5) current Time Duration Error is calculated；(6) the result of calculation of previous step is modified and Evaluation of Uncertainty；(7) calculate and obtain composition error.It is an object of the invention in non-laboratory condition, beyond the scope of the influence amount of laboratory condition, environmental condition, test connection situation, after carrying out initial quantization, again using the meter data of on-line operation under different condition as can adopted value calculated, the accurate alignment under non-experiment condition is realized, with the full data sample mode of thinking, excavate power user power consumption information acquisition system magnanimity computer data, without external perimysium reference instrument, cost is reduced, improves efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric energy metrical field, especially a kind of intelligent electric energy meter is in Line synthesis error calibration method.
Background technology
The hot issue that operating electric power meter accuracy is resident all the time and Guo Wang companies most pay close attention to.Mesh
Before, Guo Wang companies are using the means such as statistical analysis technique or addition online detection instrument, to realize that intelligent electric energy meter operation misses
The supervision and evaluation of difference.Although statistical analysis method change over resident's single-phase electric energy meter by rotate at regular intervals for sampling observation, but still
It is the control to overall batch；Will be that enterprise brings buying, the increase of maintenance cost, the party by adding on-line monitoring equipment
Method maintenance cost is high and has limitation.
Metering device global error, it is not the elementary error of measurement verification regulations requirement.It is error character value that it is actual,
The composition error is an error on flow and the function of power factor.It is assumed that the function of error can quantify, can describe, you can
Realize and calibrated in Line synthesis error.At present, generally believe that continuous data needs to examine and determine under conditions of identical standard, can calculate
Contrast, but in real life, especially under in-line calibration environment, test condition can not strict regulations.
The composition error of so-called gauge table refer under prescribed test conditions (including the scope of influence amount, environmental condition,
Test connection etc.) gauge table relative error magnitudes, it reflect electric energy meter measurement the basic degree of accuracy.But it and nonelectrical energy
The true error of table when in use.Because use condition as defined in electric energy meter is wider than the condition of fundamental error of measurement.
By retrieving, the disclosed patent document of analogous technical is not found.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention in place of overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of intelligent electric energy meter is in Line synthesis error
Calibration method.
The present invention solves its technical problem and takes following technical scheme to realize：
A kind of intelligent electric energy meter is in Line synthesis error calibration method, it is characterised in that：This method concretely comprises the following steps：
(1) intelligent electric energy meter cluster is installed to form tree topology, obtains the flow conservation base of the intelligent electric energy meter cluster
Plinth model；The summary table and each point of flow-meter data in the intelligent electric energy meter cluster can be remotely obtained, while obtaining cluster
In summary table and each point of table service condition；
(2) the tree topology formed according to intelligent electric energy meter cluster, virtual tributary dynamic corrections intelligent electric energy meter is introduced
Cluster topology model, obtain flow conservation algorithm model；
Virtual tributary replaces the failure values sum of circuit consume, and the virtual tributary includes Virtual Intelligent electric energy meter and virtual negative
Carry；
(3) the data on flows of intelligent electric energy meter cluster during repeatedly record is run, while record the operation of intelligent electric energy meter cluster
Condition；
(4) the service condition of the summary table in cluster and each point of table, flow quantity is subjected to Equivalent Conversion；
(5) the equivalent data after conversion is substituted into flow conservation algorithm model, calculate current Time Duration Error；
(6) the result of calculation of previous step is modified and Evaluation of Uncertainty；
(7) calculate and obtain composition error.
Moreover, the service condition includes voltage and current.
Moreover, the flow conservation basic model is：Y ε=- η.
Moreover, the flow conservation algorithm model is
α is amendment experience.
Moreover, the method for solving of the flow conservation algorithm model is：
The current increment data of the intelligent electric energy meter cluster of m=n-1 times are obtained, substitute into flow conservation algorithm model, wherein,yiFor ith measurement result vector；ε=(ε1 ε2 … εn-1)T；η=
(y1,0ε0-α(y1,0x1,n) y2,0ε0-α(y2,0x2,n) … yn-1,0ε0-α(y1,0xn-1,n))T；
To solve equation group, matrix Y is done into LU and decomposes Y=LU, z=U ε is made, equation group Lz=- η is obtained, under being due to L
Triangle battle array, easily solves z；Again because U is upper triangular matrix, ε is easily solved, and then obtain relative error δj。
Moreover, the step (3) repeatedly record operation in intelligent electric energy meter cluster data on flows, before the computation, it is necessary to
Data prediction is carried out to continuous data storehouse, filters out the stronger data of independence；The step of method of the data prediction
It is followed successively by：Real-time test, data integrity inspection, data integration, lacuna processing, data analysis note abnormalities data and just
The property handed over is examined.
Moreover, the computational methods of the Evaluation of Uncertainty：In the case of given initial experience value α=0, electricity is calculated
Energy table cluster error condition, if the result of calculation meets confidence level requirement, that is, the overproof electric energy meter quantity calculated is less than regulation
In the range of, then the algorithm terminates；Otherwise α value section is adjusted upward, returns to Algorithm for Solving.
The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are：
1st, this method utilizes flow conservation principle and big data analytical technology, is not adding standard device, is not changing meter
Structure, in the case of not changing electric energy meter cluster topology, realize the remote detection of magnanimity on-line operation electric energy meter error.
2nd, this method establishes the amendment topological model based on virtual tributary, realizes that the measurement of on-line operation electric energy meter error is reliable
Property 100%, instructs electric energy meter more to change jobs to more lean.
3rd, the big data Predicting Technique of this method combination electric energy meter error variation tendency, before the appearance of overproof problem
Complete user's unaware to change the outfit operation, remove a hidden danger, avoid the occurrence of unnecessary metering accuracy dispute.
4th, the present invention can effectively reduce marketing operation cost, and the money such as personnel in checking procedure, vehicle, equipment can be greatly decreased
The consumption in source, save marketing maintenance O＆M cost；Also, by realizing that remote verification can be realized to the accurate of failure electric energy meter
Change, reduce the generation of electronic waste, it is green；If this technology is extended in the range of nationwide integrated power grid and applied, it is greatly reduced
Enterprise's O＆M cost, upgrading synergy is realized, there is significant economic benefit and social benefit.
5th, it is an object of the invention in non-laboratory condition, scope, environment bar beyond the influence amount of laboratory condition
Part, test connection situation, after carrying out initial quantization, then using the meter data of on-line operation under different condition as can adopted value
Calculated, realize the accurate alignment under non-experiment condition, with the full data sample mode of thinking, excavate power consumer electricity consumption
Information acquisition system magnanimity computer data, without external perimysium reference instrument, cost is reduced, improves efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is error remote verification flow of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is intelligent electric energy meter cluster schematic diagram under tree topology；
Fig. 3 is the electric energy meter cluster schematic diagram for introducing virtual tributary；
Fig. 4 is Measurement reliability R (t) change schematic diagrams；
Fig. 5 is that electric energy meter and power network in-site modeling run work block diagram；
Fig. 6 is load simulation cell operation theory diagram；
Fig. 7 is PWM rectification boosting circuits；
Fig. 8 is conductive discharge circuit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the invention will be further described by specific embodiment, and following examples are descriptive
, it is not limited, it is impossible to which protection scope of the present invention is limited with this.
A kind of intelligent electric energy meter is in Line synthesis error calibration method, it is characterised in that：This method concretely comprises the following steps：
(1) intelligent electric energy meter cluster is installed to form tree topology, obtains the flow conservation base of the intelligent electric energy meter cluster
Plinth model；The summary table and each point of flow-meter data in the intelligent electric energy meter cluster can be remotely obtained, while obtaining cluster
In summary table and each point of table service condition；
(2) the tree topology formed according to intelligent electric energy meter cluster, virtual tributary dynamic corrections intelligent electric energy meter is introduced
Cluster topology model, obtain flow conservation algorithm model；
Virtual tributary replaces the failure values sum of circuit consume, and the virtual tributary includes Virtual Intelligent electric energy meter and virtual negative
Carry；
(3) the data on flows of intelligent electric energy meter cluster during repeatedly record is run, while record the operation of intelligent electric energy meter cluster
Condition；
(4) the service condition of the summary table in cluster and each point of table, flow quantity is subjected to Equivalent Conversion；
(5) the equivalent data after conversion is substituted into flow conservation algorithm model, calculate current Time Duration Error；
(6) the result of calculation of previous step is modified and Evaluation of Uncertainty；
(7) calculate and obtain composition error.
Hereinafter existing process is calculated for tool
For the ease of clearly describing this method, provide be defined as below first：
Stream：Flow in or out a certain occluding surface S scalar (shown in Fig. 2 arrows).It is negative to flow into just, to flow out.Convection current
Do following agreement：Stream will not be accumulated and any moment is in compliance with law of conservation.I.e. through any enclosed curved surface S current algebra and wait
In zero.Stream is with the integer mark since 0.
Broad sense flow：Abbreviation flow, flow the integration to the time.Flow conservation can be released by stream conservation.That is random time
In section, the flow increment algebraical sum through occluding surface S is equal to zero.
Intelligent electric energy meter：Abbreviation flow instrument or flowmeter (M in Fig. 20~M4), record the corresponding instantaneous delivery flowed.Flow
Meter is with MjMark, j are the numbering of corresponding stream.
Cluster：Through the set of the flow instrument corresponding to a certain occluding surface S all streams.
Meter reading：Obtain the reading of all instrument in a certain moment cluster.In logic, it is identical should to return to each instrument for meter reading action
The reading at moment.If but in fact, each meter reading return time interval it is short enough, be regarded as mutually in the same time.
Measurement：One-shot measurement is the meter reading twice to cluster certain interval of time, the result is that the increasing of front and rear reading twice
Amount.
Electric energy is considered as a kind of broad sense flow for meeting law of conservation by this method, and the common trait that such instrument has is peace
The cluster formed after dress has tree topology.Therefore about fixed in flow conservation, the actual flow increment of summary table in the same period
Equal to the actual flow increment sum of each point of table.Because actual flow increment can be represented with reading increment and relative error, therefore
An equation comprising all meter reading increments and relative error can be obtained.If it is known that any one instrument in cluster
Relative error and using the relative error of other instrument as unknown quantity, and notice and can make equation by increasing measurement period
Meet or exceed the quantity of unknown number, then the relative error of other instrument can be determined by solving equation group.This is autonomous
Formula algorithm is by the mutual contrast conting error of cluster internal instrument, without external perimysium reference instrument.
When tree topology flow tube, which exists, to be leaked, it is necessary to which equation group is modified.In electric energy metrical, leakage is shown as
Line electrical leakage, resistance loss and ammeter power consumption.In the method, loss is considered as the load of virtual tributary, and introduces virtual
Electric energy meter.Using the electric parameter measurement function of intelligent electric energy meter, loss correction item is determined.Provide revised algorithm flow and
Simulation result.
This method can not only be applied to intelligent electric meter, can apply intellectual water meter, intelligent gas meter and Intelligent heat quantity
Among the remote calibration of the intelligent electric energy meters such as table.
First, flow conservation ideally：
Relative error δ：
Wherein x is the actual increment by the flow of certain instrument in a period of time, and y is the instrument in the same period
The increment of reading.
Certain occluding surface S defines flow instrument cluster AS={ Mj| stream j passes through occluding surface S }, flow instrument in cluster
Number NS=n.If flowmeter MjIth measurement result is yij, corresponding actual value is xij.Wherein i=1,2 ..., m, m
For pendulous frequency.Had according to flow conservation agreement
If δjRepresent flowmeter MjRelative error, then by definition save relative error definition can obtain
(2) formula is substituted into, is hadSet up.Without loss of generality, it is assumed that δ0, it is known that then have
Order
(3) formula of substitution has
(5) formula can be write as matrix form
Y ε=- η (6)
Wherein
yiFor instrument M1~Mn-1The result vector of ith measurement.
ε=(ε1 ε2 … εn-1)T, η=(y1,0ε0 y2,0ε0 … ym,0ε0)T。
(6) formula shows, if in known cluster a certain instrument relative error δ0, then multigroup survey of all instrument can be passed through
Amount result extrapolates the relative error δ of other each instrumentj, j=1,2 ..., n-1.
The solution of equation group
The cluster of electric current can be measured
Pendulous frequency m is no less than n-1, and otherwise (13) formula is Indeterminate Equation Group；When m is more than n-1, redundancy side should be deleted
Journey.Middle hypothesis m=n-1 is discussed herein below.Write (13) formula as matrix form
Y ε=- η (7)
WhereinyiFor ith measurement result vector；ε=(ε1 ε2
… εn-1)T；η=(y1,0ε0-α(y1,0x1,n) y2,0ε0-α(y2,0x2,n) … yn-1,0ε0-α(y1,0xn-1,n))T。
To solve (14) formula equation group, matrix Y is done into LU and decomposes Y=LU, z=U ε is made, obtains equation group Lz=- η, due to
L is inferior triangular flap, easily solves z；Again because U is upper triangular matrix, ε is easily solved, and then obtain relative error δj。
The remote calibration of electric energy meter error is using being calculated electric energy meter error with adopting data, therefore for data
Requirement it is higher, the measurement result accuracy for being measured meter has had a strong impact on result of calculation, thus a complete, rational number
It is very necessary with pre-processing according to screening.The step by fill up missing data, eliminate abnormal data, smooth noise data, and
Inconsistent data is corrected, removes noise, filling null value, missing value and processing inconsistent data in data.As illustrated, first
We need to obtain the measurement result of all meters in whole tree-structured system, and measurement together has probabilistic situation
Under, we can more acquisition data as far as possible, to ensure the accuracy of result and completeness requirement under rational calculation error.
Real-time inspection：Whether we check same group of meter meter reading value in same time point copy reading.If it is unsatisfactory for this
It is required that data can not use.
Data integration：Data integration is on the basis of original meter reading data, and electric energy meter reading data are added into the table
Count in history meter reading data.
Integrity checking and missing values processing：We need to carry out integrity checking to data first.Integrity checking
Groundwork is missing values processing.For missing values processing, traditional method has direct deletion, or utilizes average value, intermediate value, divides
Digit, mode, random value etc. substitute.It is general so to do effect, because being modified equal to people to data.The side that we use
Method gives a forecast model to calculate missing values by history error and other margins of error, is added to after calculating missing values in algorithm and carries out
Whether secondary checking, judging the situation of missing values can meet that missing requires.Specifically, if in one group of data missing values compared with
More, missing amount is excessive, and we directly can fall the rejection of data, because if larger noise can be produced by introducing, result is caused
Harmful effect.Empirically value judges, if missing values are more than 10%, we are more likely to wait more meter reading datas.If energy
Meet to require, missing gathered data electric energy meter reading is added in the power consumption of virtual tributary by we first, uses master mould
Calculate electric energy meter error situation.If data are maintained within zone of reasonableness added to result of calculation after virtual tributary renewal, we
Further according to the average line loss experience accounting of the taiwan area, deduction line loss is filled to data from the electricity of virtual tributary.After filling,
Error condition is recalculated using the form of filling, if meeting other meters change twice less and lacking meter to calculate with history
It is worth the little condition of deviation, it is correct that we are considered as the filling of its result.Without loss of generality, we are using missing values electric energy meter as table 1,
In the case where pendulous frequency m is not less than n-1, (7) formula is write as matrix form
Y ε=- η ' (8)
WhereinyiFor ith measurement result vector；ε=(ε2 ε3 …
εn-1)T；η '=η-y·1=(y1,0ε0-α(y1,0x1,n)-y11 y2,0ε0-α(y2,0x2,n)-y12 … yn-1,0ε0-α(y1,0xn-1,n)-
y1n)T.By mentioned earlier, similarly equation (15) can solve.If ε=(ε2 ε3 … εn-1)TMeet the requirement, then equation closes
Reason, recovers the result according to virtual tributary value.
Data analysis notes abnormalities data (by visualization tool)：Using the daily meter reading data of electric energy meter as one to
Amount, then multiple copy reading can form a Vector Groups.In multidimensional data analysis technology, by by each vector visualization table
Show, therefrom find out the special vector changed extremely.Using CrystalAnalysis visualization tool method, it can be found that special
The different point value that peels off, special analysis are done to this point value, further enhance data monitoring, optimize core data.In addition, calculated using cluster
Method analyzes the vector clusters, as a kind of special discovery method to be noted abnormalities in visable representation in data basis.
Orthogonality is examined：Error analysis algorithm requires there is weak dependence between each equation of equation group, and otherwise equation group is in disease
State causes error calculated to exceed tolerance interval.When meeting enough requirements, equation can just calculate.
2nd, virtual tributary computed losses are added：
There is loss (electric energy meter loss, leakage loss, line resistance loss etc.) in actual electric energy meter cluster, we introduce
The concept of virtual tributary, instead of the loss value sum being the theme in problem with line loss.The branch road include virtual electric energy meter and
Dummy load.Cluster total losses can be equivalent to the energy consumption of dummy load.In figure 3, imaginary occluding surface S defines an electricity
Energy table cluster, electric energy meter is with symbol Mj(j=0,1 ..., n) represent.MnFor virtual electric energy meter.The energy that agreement flows into S is just stream
It is negative for going out.
It is located at ith measurement period TiInside flow through MjElectric energy be xi,j(i=1,2 ..., m, to identify each measurement period
Sequence number；M is pendulous frequency), then following formula establishment is had according to law of conservation of energy.
It has been generally acknowledged that in the ith measurement period, MjReading increment yi,jWith xi,jWith following relation.
yi,j=(1+ δj)xi,j (10)
(10) in formula, δjFor Mj(average) relative error.If order
Then (11) formula can turn to
Without loss of generality, it is assumed that known M0Relative error δ0, so as to understand ε0.Provide virtual electric energy meter MnIt is relative by mistake
Poor δn=0, so as to there is εn=1 and xi,n=yi,nSet up.Therefore (2-22) formula turns to
3rd, the expression being lost in virtual tributary
(13) Section 3 x in the left side in formulai,nRepresent measurement period TiThe energy consumption (the total loss of cluster) of interior dummy load,
(17) formula and (19) formula equation group are all energy conservation equation group.They show on the premise of the conservation of energy, if known cluster
The relative error δ of interior a certain instrument0, it is likely that pass through multigroup measurement result yi,jExtrapolate the ε of other all electric energy metersj, enter
And obtain relative error δj(j=1,2 ..., n-1).In actually calculating, the outflow of virtual tributary is cluster summary table M0Reading
Increment subtracts each point of table MjThe sum of (j=1 ..., n), and this value is multiplied by a loss factor judged by empirical value.Should
Energy loss of the loss factor as electric energy meter cluster, tried to achieve by loop iteration method described below.On the other hand, add virtual
After branch road, equation respective change isα is amendment experience, is a range of
Random value.
Data screening：
This method is omitted firstly the need of electric energy meter correlation meter reading data is obtained from power information acquisition system by filling up
Data, eliminate abnormal data, smooth noise data, and correct inconsistent data, remove noise in data, filling null value,
Missing value and processing inconsistent data, so as to obtain valid data.
We need to obtain the measurement result of all meters in whole tree-structured system first, and measurement together has not
In the case of deterministic, we can more acquisition data as far as possible, to ensure the accuracy of the result under rational calculation error
With completeness requirement.Data volume minimum should add one not less than ammeter quantity.Data screening has the following steps：1. real-time inspection.
2. integrity checking and missing values processing.3. method for visualizing notes abnormalities, the orthogonality of data 4. is examined
Real-time inspection：Whether we check same group of meter meter reading value in same time point copy reading.If it is unsatisfactory for this
It is required that data can not use.
Data integration：Data integration is on the basis of original meter reading data, and electric energy meter reading data are added into the table
Count in history meter reading data.
Integrity checking and missing values processing：We need to carry out integrity checking to data first.Integrity checking
Groundwork is missing values processing.For missing values processing, traditional method has direct deletion, or utilizes average value, intermediate value, divides
Digit, mode, random value etc. substitute.It is general so to do effect, because being modified equal to people to data.The side that we use
Method gives a forecast model to calculate missing values by history error and other margins of error, is added to after calculating missing values in algorithm and carries out
Whether secondary checking, judging the situation of missing values can meet that missing requires.Specifically, if in one group of data missing values compared with
More, missing amount is excessive, and we directly can fall the rejection of data, because if larger noise can be produced by introducing, result is caused
Harmful effect.Empirically value judges, if missing values are more than 10%, we are more likely to wait more meter reading datas.If energy
Meet to require, missing gathered data electric energy meter reading is added in the power consumption of virtual tributary by we first, uses master mould
Calculate electric energy meter error situation.If data are maintained within zone of reasonableness added to result of calculation after virtual tributary renewal, we
Further according to the average line loss experience accounting of the taiwan area, deduction line loss is filled to data from the electricity of virtual tributary.After filling,
Error condition is recalculated using the form of filling, if meeting other meters change twice less and lacking meter to calculate with history
It is worth the little condition of deviation, it is correct that we are considered as the filling of its result.Without loss of generality, we are using missing values electric energy meter as table 1,
In the case where pendulous frequency m is not less than n-1, (14) formula is write as matrix form
Y ε=- η ' (15)
WhereinyiFor ith measurement result vector；ε=(ε2 ε3 …
εn-1)T；η '=η-y·1=(y1,0ε0-α(y1,0x1,n)-y11 y2,0ε0-α(y2,0x2,n)-y12 … yn-1,0ε0-α(y1,0xn-1,n)-
y1n)T.By mentioned earlier, similarly equation (15) can solve.If ε=(ε2 ε3 … εn-1)TMeet the requirement, then equation closes
Reason, recovers the result according to virtual tributary value.
Data analysis notes abnormalities data (by visualization tool)：Using the daily meter reading data of electric energy meter as one to
Amount, then multigroup copy reading can form a Vector Groups.In multidimensional data analysis technology, by by each vector visualization table
Show, therefrom find out the special vector changed extremely.Using CrystalAnalysis visualization tool method, it can be found that special
The different point value that peels off, special analysis are done to this point value, further enhance data monitoring, optimize core data.In addition, calculated using cluster
Method analyzes the vector clusters, as a kind of special discovery method to be noted abnormalities in visable representation in data basis.
Orthogonality is examined：Error analysis algorithm requires there is weak dependence between each equation of equation group, and otherwise equation group is in disease
State causes error calculated to exceed tolerance interval.When meeting enough requirements, equation can just calculate.
Computational methods：Electric energy meter error iterative calculation method based on uncertainty of measurement
What it is due to this method measurement is electric energy meter mean error interior for a period of time, and the result of measurement is estimating of being measured
Evaluation, the uncertain factor in measurement process can cause the uncertainty of measurement.After being modified for known systemic effect
Measurement result still simply measured estimate, consider Evaluation of Uncertainty method, guarantee makes not exclusively preferably multiple
In the case that existing or representativeness of sample not enough waits, measuring still can reflect truth.
Iterative method is a kind of process being constantly newly worth with the old value recursion of variable, and iterative algorithm is a kind of base solved the problems, such as
This method.Its basic thought is to release the new value of its one from the initial value of variable.In our method, iteration is applied to pair
Virtual circuit amendment experience α estimation.
Provide hypothesis first herein：The quantity of the overproof table of error is less than the 5% of summary table quantity in a taiwan area, is me
Think the reliability of measurement instrument 95%.
In general, the reliability of measurement instrument can be increased over time and reduced, therefore for the ratio in difference
Taiwan area we perform the calibrating reliability objectives scope of floating.Fig. 4 is Measurement reliability and the change schematic diagram of time.According to platform
The average usage time length situation of meter in area, we are modified to the value.
Our method is summarized as follows：In the case of given initial experience value α=0, electric energy meter cluster error is calculated
Situation, if the result of calculation meets confidence level requirement, that is, the overproof electric energy meter quantity calculated is less than in prescribed limit, then the calculation
Method terminates.Otherwise α value section is adjusted upward, returns to Algorithm for Solving.
Joint Evaluation of Uncertainty method：
Mathematical modeling:δ=1/ (Y-1η)-1
Due to Y, η meets independence, then has：
So we have joint expanded uncertainty U=kucK=2 is taken, is had：
If the electric energy meter error solved meets actual desired, independent repeated measures then are carried out to being measured, pass through gained
A series of measured values arrived, experimental standard deviation s (x) is obtained with statistical analysis technique, when by the use of arithmetic mean of instantaneous value as measured
During estimate, the uncertainty of estimate is measured by calculating：
Using Bessel Formula method, it is measured independent repeated measures n time to same under the conditions of repeatability, obtains n and survey
Obtain value xi=(i=1,2 ..., n), the best estimate for being measured X is the arithmetic average of n independent measured valuesBy as follows
Formula calculates：
Single measured value xkExperimental variance s2(x)：
Single measured value xkExperimental standard deviation s (x)：
It is measured estimateUncertainty
The cell stage body model structure that the present embodiment is built
To promote the reproduction of site problems and more preferable analysis solves site problems, this project simulation built electric energy meter and
The technical scheme of power network scene running status, its operation principle block diagram are as shown in Figure 5.The theory diagram is mainly by PC units, more
Road Communications service unit, high-power program control alternating-current voltage source, gate energy meter, line loss analogue unit, subject electric energy meter and phase
The part such as load simulation unit answered forms.
Its operation principle：Overall control is carried out to its each equipment by multiplex communication service unit by PC, to high-power journey
Amplitude, frequency and the harmonic content of control alternating-current voltage source can carry out any setting, be changed pair with the simulating grid quality of power supply
The influence brought is measured, while mould is carried out with line loss analogue unit to gate energy meter to the line loss between ordinary electric meter
Intend.It is usually active loss to consider line loss unit, therefore this line loss analogue unit is using resistive load in kind of impedance adjustable etc.
Effect, in the range of the Ω continuously adjustabes of 0 Ω~10.For load simulation unit, consider existing domestic loads characteristic more it is next it is changeable,
Become increasingly complex, realized in this programme using electronic load mode., can be to the work(of electronic load by the parameter setting of PC softwares
Rate factor and watt level carry out any setting, more preferably to simulate the actual metered operating load at electric energy scene.Emphasis pair below
The operation principle of load simulation unit does an introduction.
Load simulation unit comprehensive is set using Power Electronic Technique, embedded software technology and power system automation technology
Meter realize, can analog regulation load power factor (PF) and watt level.The operation principle block diagram of fictitious load as shown in fig. 6, its
Basic functional principle：First, the input voltage of sampling test power supply, is analyzed input voltage signal, is done with the voltage signal
For current reference signal Iref reference signal.According to set mode of operation (constant pressure, constant current, invariable power and constant-resistance) and work(
Rate factor generates corresponding current reference signal Iref by single-chip microcomputer.Reference signal carries out differential amplification with actually entering electric current Is
Ierr signals are obtained, the triangular wave of Ierr signals and 23kHz is compared, produce SPWM pulse signals, the signal is through overdriving
Isolation circuit is used for the turn-on and turn-off for controlling H bridges IGBT, and Boost boosts to DC voltage Udc.Rear class discharge circuit is according to adopting
The DC voltage Udc of sample, the PWM ripples of corresponding dutycycle are generated by single-chip microcomputer, and leading for IGBT is controlled through overdriving isolation circuit
It is the logical and turn-off time, equivalent into needs so as to control nickel filament resistance (being divided to two kinds of small resistor and big resistance) to switch on and off
Resistance.PWM dutycycle is adjusted according to Udc variable quantity, to keep Udc in the value of design.
Fictitious load designed by the program meets that test power supply is tested under different conditions.The fictitious load of design
For resistance consumption type, i.e. in test process, caused energy is fallen fictitious load by resistance consumption.According to its operation principle, mould
Intend load circuit implementation and be broadly divided into two-stage.Prime PWM rectification boosting circuits (such as Fig. 7), using wholly-controled device, work
In high frequency state.By using turning on and off for suitable SPWM impulse waves control device for power switching so that input AC
Boost in voltage is to design load Udc.
Rear class is conductive discharge circuit, sees Fig. 8.According to the DC voltage Udc of sampling, suitable PWM is generated by single-chip microcomputer
Ripple, IGBT turn-on and turn-off are driven, so as to reach the purpose of different resistances.This partial circuit is completed test power supply and tested
Energy expenditure in journey.
The experimental verification of algorithm：
We have chosen a certain 19 pieces of electric energy meter clusters of taiwan area in Efficiency in Buildings in Tianjin Area, obtain 150 workaday days of the cluster
Freezing data.For the data, we are to this above-mentioned algorithm of execution.It was found that after 8 iteration, virtual tributary is taken
For empirical value at section [0.8,0.9], the calculating for electric energy meter error is by larger improvement and good result：
(α=0) error calculation amount under the original state of form 1
| Label | Error calculation value | Label | Error calculation value |
| 1 | 1.5590% | 10 | - 14.5640% |
| 2 | - 2.7938% | 11 | - 9.0017% |
| 3 | - 5.1089% | 12 | 5.5293% |
| 4 | - 0.2388% | 13 | 0.0485% |
| 5 | - 3.1209% | 14 | - 0.4204% |
| 6 | 3767.6317% | 15 | - 3.8429% |
| 7 | - 0.3551% | 16 | - 5.7363% |
| 8 | - 4.0477% | 17 | - 3.1323% |
| 9 | - 2.9027% | 18 | - 2.2543% |
Final (α ∈ [the 0.8,0.9]) result of calculation of the iteration of form 2
We have found that electric energy meter error is in reasonable level in this section, according to evaluation of uncertainty in measurement method,
10 electric energy meter error data are calculated in slippage method, provide the result of calculation under the evaluation of standard inaccuracy and half-breadth section:
The result of calculation of form 3 and its half-breadth section
| Label | Error calculation value | Half-breadth section | Label | Error calculation value | Half-breadth section |
| 1 | 0.09% | 0.02% | 10 | 0.13% | 0.09% |
| 2 | 0.35% | 0.02% | 11 | 0.04% | 0.02% |
| 3 | - 0.21% | 0.02% | 12 | - 0.11% | 0.09% |
| 4 | 0.54% | 0.02% | 13 | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| 5 | 0.60% | 0.02% | 14 | - 0.50% | 0.03% |
| 6 | - 1.90% | 0.09% | 15 | 0.43% | 0.02% |
| 7 | - 0.56% | 0.02% | 16 | - 0.26% | 0.07% |
| 8 | 0.08% | 0.01% | 17 | 0.10% | 0.02% |
| 9 | - 0.09% | 0.01% | 18 | 0.06% | 0.01% |
After experimental result is obtained, find that the electric energy meter in above table 3 marked as 6 misses after analyzing electric energy meter error
Difference is in higher situation, i.e., will be overproof, then the table is checked at random by field personnel.
Experimental verification shows using the algorithm without external perimysium reference instrument, actual relatively by mistake in known any electric energy meter
On the premise of difference, only pass through the analysis to electric energy meter cluster reading in tree topology, you can calculate other all electric energy meters
Error.The error calculation method of this autonomous type can perform online, so as to be expected to be substantially reducing at the maintenance of electric energy meter into
This.When known a certain instrument available accuracy grade rather than practical relative error, although other electric energy meters can not be calculated really
Relative error is cut, but the estimation of error range can be realized.This method can effectively lock doubtful overproof electric energy meter, make calibrating and school
Standard is shot the arrow at the target.
Although disclosing embodiments of the invention and accompanying drawing for the purpose of illustration, those skilled in the art can manage
Solution：Do not departing from the present invention and spirit and scope of the appended claims in, it is various replace, change and modifications all be it is possible,
Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to embodiment and accompanying drawing disclosure of that.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of intelligent electric energy meter is in Line synthesis error calibration method, it is characterised in that：This method concretely comprises the following steps：
(1) intelligent electric energy meter cluster is installed to form tree topology, obtains the flow conservation basis mould of the intelligent electric energy meter cluster
Type；The summary table and each point of flow-meter data in the intelligent electric energy meter cluster can be remotely obtained, while obtaining in cluster
Summary table and each point of table service condition；
(2) the tree topology formed according to intelligent electric energy meter cluster, virtual tributary dynamic corrections intelligent electric energy meter cluster is introduced
Topological model, obtain flow conservation algorithm model；
Virtual tributary replaces the failure values sum of circuit consume, and the virtual tributary includes Virtual Intelligent electric energy meter and dummy load；
(3) the data on flows of intelligent electric energy meter cluster during repeatedly record is run, while record the operation bar of intelligent electric energy meter cluster
Part；
(4) the service condition of the summary table in cluster and each point of table, flow quantity is subjected to Equivalent Conversion；
(5) the equivalent data after conversion is substituted into flow conservation algorithm model, calculate current Time Duration Error；
(6) the result of calculation of previous step is modified and Evaluation of Uncertainty；
(7) calculate and obtain composition error.
2. intelligent electric energy meter according to claim 1 is in Line synthesis error calibration method, it is characterised in that：The operation bar
Part includes voltage and current.
3. intelligent electric energy meter according to claim 1 is in Line synthesis error calibration method, it is characterised in that：The flow is kept
Permanent basic model is：Y ε=- η.
4. intelligent electric energy meter according to claim 1 is in Line synthesis error calibration method, it is characterised in that：The flow is kept
Permanent algorithm model is
α is amendment experience.
5. intelligent electric energy meter according to claim 1 is in Line synthesis error calibration method, it is characterised in that：The flow is kept
The method for solving of permanent algorithm model is：
The current increment data of the intelligent electric energy meter cluster of m=n-1 times are obtained, substitute into flow conservation algorithm model, wherein,yiFor ith measurement result vector；ε=(ε1 ε2 … εn-1)T；η=
(y1,0ε0-α(y1,0x1,n) y2,0ε0-α(y2,0x2,n) … yn-1,0ε0-α(y1,0xn-1,n))T；
To solve equation group, matrix Y is done into LU and decomposes Y=LU, z=U ε is made, obtains equation group Lz=- η, because L is lower triangle
Battle array, easily solves z；Again because U is upper triangular matrix, ε is easily solved, and then obtain relative error δj。
6. intelligent electric energy meter according to claim 1 is in Line synthesis error calibration method, it is characterised in that：The step is (3)
The data on flows of intelligent electric energy meter cluster during repeatedly record is run, it is before the computation, it is necessary to pre- to continuous data storehouse progress data
Processing, filters out the stronger data of independence；The step of method of the data prediction, is followed successively by：Real-time test, data
Integrity checking, data integration, lacuna processing, note abnormalities data and orthogonality of data analysis are examined.
7. intelligent electric energy meter according to claim 1 is in Line synthesis error calibration method, it is characterised in that：It is described uncertain
Spend the computational methods of evaluation：In the case of given initial experience value α=0, electric energy meter cluster error condition is calculated, if the meter
Calculate result and meet confidence level requirement, that is, the overproof electric energy meter quantity calculated is less than in prescribed limit, then the algorithm terminates；Otherwise
α value section is adjusted upward, returns to Algorithm for Solving.
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