CN107619606A - A kind of edibility rapeseed protein composite membrane - Google Patents
A kind of edibility rapeseed protein composite membrane Download PDFInfo
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- CN107619606A CN107619606A CN201711050166.4A CN201711050166A CN107619606A CN 107619606 A CN107619606 A CN 107619606A CN 201711050166 A CN201711050166 A CN 201711050166A CN 107619606 A CN107619606 A CN 107619606A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of edibility rapeseed protein composite membrane, is related to Food Packaging technology field, and in particular to a kind of edibility rapeseed protein composite membrane.The edibility rapeseed protein composite membrane, is prepared with the following method：The rapeseed protein extracted from rapeseed dregs is used into hydrolysis by novo, degree of hydrolysis is 10 20%；Hydrolyzate pH value is adjusted to acidity, takes supernatant to be freeze-dried, obtains rapeseed protein hydrolysate；Prepare containing the rapeseed protein hydrolysate, chitosan and glycerine into film liquid, edibility rapeseed protein composite membrane is prepared using the tape casting.Applicant has been surprisingly found that rapeseed protein is hydrolyzed after with chitosan composite membrane is made, not only possess certain antibacterial characteristics, and there is higher tensile strength, elongation at break and relatively low vapor transmission coefficient, i.e., with preferable mechanical performance and block-water performance.Due to rapeseed dregs of the rapeseed protein after oil expression, therefore cost is relatively low, environmentally friendly to consumer safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Food Packaging technology field, and in particular to a kind of edibility rapeseed protein composite membrane.
Background technology
In recent years, the research for edible packing membrane is more and more popular.Edible packing membrane is packed with commercial synthesis
Material is compared, and the packaging film of this bio-matrix can reduce the influence to environment, and would be possible to replace using oil as raw material
Packing film.Preparing edible composite film using the rapeseed protein being separated to from rapeseed has many advantages.First, vegetable seed
Albumen has very high nutritive value, and without limiting amino acid, the composition of amino acid also very rationally, especially contains enough
Basic amino acid（Lysine）And sulfur-containing amino acid（Methionine）, substantially conform to FAO and WTO recommendation pattern.Second, China's oil
Oil-seed yield is high, and rapeseed is also mostly used for the extraction of rapeseed oil in China, and remaining rapeseed dregs also more is used for feed,
And many protein are included in rapeseed dregs, the recycling to rapeseed dregs has very important economics meaning.It is but existing
Have in technology, also no method can prepare edible packing membrane by raw material of rapeseed protein.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of edibility rapeseed protein composite membrane, can effectively utilize and be separated in rapeseed dregs
Obtained rapeseed protein, it is environmentally friendly to consumer safety, and the composite membrane has higher mechanical performance, block-water performance
And anti-microbial property.
The purpose of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization：
A kind of edibility rapeseed protein composite membrane, is prepared with the following method：
（1）The rapeseed protein extracted from rapeseed dregs is used into hydrolysis by novo, degree of hydrolysis 10-20%；Adjust hydrolyzate
PH value takes supernatant to be freeze-dried, obtains rapeseed protein hydrolysate to acidity；
（2）Prepare containing the rapeseed protein hydrolysate, chitosan and glycerine into film liquid, be prepared using the tape casting edible
Property rapeseed protein composite membrane.
In the present invention, it is described to be prepared with the following method into film liquid：Preparation contains 16-32g/L rapeseed protein hydrolysates
With the solution A of 8-24g/L chitosans, 4.8-14g glycerine is added in every liter of solution A, stirs, obtains described into film liquid.
In the present invention, the compound method for being set forth in solution A is as follows：Using 15-25g/L acetic acid solution as solvent, prepare
Solution B containing 16-48g/L chitosans；According to volume ratio it is 4 by 32-64g/L rapeseed protein hydrolyzate solution and solution B:
3-4:5 mixing, obtain solution A.
In preferable technical scheme, the pH of the hydrolyzate is adjusted to 5.5-6.5, is taken supernatant to be freeze-dried, is obtained dish
Seed protolysate.
In the present invention, using during rapeseed protein, the addition of alkali protease is vegetable seed described in hydrolysis by novo
The 2-8% of albumen quality, hydrolysis pH are 7.5-8.5, and hydrolysis temperature is 40-50 DEG C, and the degree of hydrolysis of rapeseed protein is 10-15%.
In preferable technical scheme, rapeseed protein is extracted from rapeseed dregs using the heavy method of alkali soluble acid, pH is during alkali soluble
10.5-11.5, temperature are 40-50 DEG C, and pH is 4.0-5.0 when acid is heavy.
In the present invention, the rapeseed dregs is that vegetable seed shells, crushed, is obtained after degreasing.
In the present invention, the method that edibility rapeseed protein composite membrane is prepared using the tape casting is as follows：Will be into film liquid
Die for molding is poured into, 20-30h is dried under the conditions of 25-30 DEG C, takes off film.
Applicant has been surprisingly found that rapeseed protein is hydrolyzed after with chitosan composite membrane is made, it is special not only to possess certain antibacterial
Property, and there is higher tensile strength, elongation at break and relatively low vapor transmission coefficient, i.e., with preferable mechanicalness
Energy and block-water performance.Due to rapeseed dregs of the rapeseed protein after oil expression, therefore cost is relatively low, to consumer safety, to ring
Border is friendly.
Brief description of the drawings
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of Fig. 1 rapeseed proteins composite membrane 2, wherein（A）It is the electron microscope on the surface of rapeseed protein composite membrane 2
Piece, composite membrane：（B）It is the electron microscopic picture of the cross section of rapeseed protein composite membrane 2；（C）It is the electron microscope for compareing the surface of composite membrane 1
Piece；（D）It is the electron microscopic picture for compareing the cross section of composite membrane 1.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 prepares rapeseed protein hydrolysate
Rapeseed protein hydrolysate is prepared to comprise the following steps：
（1）Obtain rapeseed dregs.By rapeseed in 35-40 DEG C of baking oven freeze-day with constant temperature 24h, rapeseed is taken off using hulling machine
Shell processing, using air blower by Rapeseed Shell screen out come.Rapeseed after shelling is crushed to grain using high speed Universal pulverizer
Footpath is 100-800 μm, obtains rapeseed dregs.
（2）The degreasing of rapeseed dregs.Degreasing 6-8h is carried out to rapeseed dregs using soxhlet extraction, being then crushed to particle diameter is
100-600 μm, obtain degreasing rapeseed dregs.Degreasing rapeseed dregs is installed with hermetic bag, refrigerated in 4 DEG C of refrigerators standby.
（3）Rapeseed protein is extracted from degreasing rapeseed dregs using the heavy method of alkali soluble acid.Weigh degreasing rapeseed dregs, be dissolved in from
Sub- water（Degreasing rapeseed dregs and the mass ratio of deionized water are 1:12-1:15）, pH to 10.5- is adjusted with 1mol/L NaOH solution
11.5, it is placed in 40-50 DEG C of water-bath, extracts 2-3h under stirring.Then cool down, centrifuged under the conditions of 4 DEG C, take supernatant.Will
Supernatant, to 4.0-5.0, is precipitated protein with 1mol/L salt acid for adjusting pH.Centrifuging and taking precipitates, with it is appropriate go from
Sub- water dissolving, and pH to 6.5-7.5 is adjusted, it is freeze-dried, obtains rapeseed protein.Detected by BCA kits and use above-mentioned side
Protein content is 75%-85% in the rapeseed protein of method extraction.
（4）Obtain rapeseed protein hydrolysate.Rapeseed protein is taken, is dissolved in deionized water（The matter of rapeseed protein and deionized water
Amount is than being 1:12-1:15）, it is placed in after adjusting pH value of solution=8.0 in 40-50 DEG C of water-bath, stirring and dissolving, then adds rapeseed protein
The alkali protease of quality 5%（200U/mg, purchased from Beijing Suo Laibao Science and Technology Ltd, article No.：B8360）It is hydrolyzed.Water
In solution preocess, ensure that pH is constant by the way that 1mol/L NaOH solution is added dropwise, consumption NaOH amount is write down, to calculate protein
Degree of hydrolysis.After hydrolysis terminates, hydrolyzate is incubated into 10-15min in 85-90 DEG C of water-bath inactivates protease, frozen water
The quick cooling of bath, adjusts pH to 6.0, centrifuging and taking supernatant, freeze-drying, obtains rapeseed protein hydrolysate.
Degree of hydrolysis (DH) in rapeseed protein hydrolytic process is determined using pH-stat methods, by formula（1）Calculate DH：
（1）,
B is the volume (mL) of NaOH solution added in course of reaction in formula, NbFor the concentration of the NaOH solution of addition（mol/
L）, MpFor the amount (g) of protein, α-NH when α is hydrolyzes2The average degree of dissociation, htotFor food-borne protein degree constant.It is right
In rapeseed protein：1/ α=1.1, hhot=8.04。
Rate-determining steps control（4）Middle rapeseed protein degree of hydrolysis is 10%, and obtained rapeseed protein hydrolysate is designated as degree of hydrolysis and is
10% rapeseed protein hydrolysate.
Rate-determining steps control（4）Middle rapeseed protein degree of hydrolysis is 15%, and obtained rapeseed protein hydrolysate is designated as degree of hydrolysis and is
15% rapeseed protein hydrolysate.
Embodiment two prepares edibility rapeseed protein composite membrane
The rapeseed protein hydrolysate for taking degree of hydrolysis to be 10%, 40g/L rapeseed protein hydrolyzate solution is configured to using water as solvent.
Using 20g/L acetic acid aqueous solution as solvent, 40g/L chitosan solution is prepared, as solution B.Rapeseed protein hydrolysate is molten
Liquid and solution B are sufficiently stirred with magnetic stirring apparatus respectively, and then isometric mixing, obtains solution A.8 g are added in every liter of solution A
Glycerine, magnetic stirring apparatus is used under the conditions of 60 DEG C（Rotating speed 500r/min）2h is sufficiently stirred, obtains into film liquid.It will be fallen into film liquid
Enter in the groove (10cm × 10cm × 1mm) of polytetrafluoro propylene mould and be molded, in 27 DEG C, the constant humidity that relative humidity is 50%-55%
24h is dried in thermostatic drying chamber, film is taken off, obtains rapeseed protein composite membrane 1.In addition, water is substituted with the rapeseed protein in embodiment 1
Xie Du is 10% rapeseed protein hydrolysate, and other steps obtain control composite membrane with the preparation method of rapeseed protein composite membrane 1
1。
The rapeseed protein hydrolysate that degree of hydrolysis is 10%, other steps are substituted by 15% rapeseed protein hydrolysate of degree of hydrolysis
With the preparation method of rapeseed protein composite membrane 1, rapeseed protein composite membrane 2 is obtained.
The rapeseed protein hydrolysate that degree of hydrolysis is 15% is taken, the rapeseed protein hydrolysate that 60g/L is configured to using water as solvent is molten
Liquid.Using 20g/L acetic acid aqueous solution as solvent, 20g/L chitosan solution is prepared, as solution B.By rapeseed protein hydrolysate
Solution and solution B are sufficiently stirred with magnetic stirring apparatus respectively, and then isometric mixing, obtains solution A.Added in every liter of solution A
10 g glycerine, magnetic stirring apparatus is used under the conditions of 60 DEG C（Rotating speed 500r/min）2h is sufficiently stirred, obtains into film liquid.By film forming
Liquid is poured into the groove (10cm × 10cm × 1mm) of polytetrafluoro propylene mould and is molded, and is 50%-55%'s in 27 DEG C, relative humidity
24h is dried in constant-humidity constant-temperature drying box, film is taken off, obtains rapeseed protein composite membrane 3.
40g/L rapeseed protein is configured to using water as solvent（It is prepared by embodiment 1）Solution, pH=8 of the solution.Toward vegetable seed
8 g glycerine are added in protein solution, magnetic stirring apparatus is used under the conditions of 60 DEG C（Rotating speed 500r/min）2h is sufficiently stirred, is obtained
Into film liquid.The groove of polytetrafluoro propylene mould will be poured into film liquid（10cm×10cm×1mm）Middle shaping, in 25-27 DEG C, humidity
To dry 24h in 50%-55% constant-humidity constant-temperature drying box, film is taken off, obtains compareing composite membrane 2.
The performance of each composite membrane is detected, concrete outcome is shown in Table 1.Using stretched plastic film method for testing performance (GB/T
1040.3-2006), the tensile strength (tensile strength, TS) and elongation at break (EB) of composite membrane are determined.Laboratory Texture instrument
(TA.XT2i Texture Analyzer, Stable Micro Systems, Godalming, UK), tests time control every time
System probe spacing is 5cm, test rate 1.5mm/s.
Using national standard《Plastic sheeting and sheet material water vapor permeability test method-cup type method》（GB 1037-1988）Measure is multiple
The vapor transmission coefficient of film is closed, moisture vapor transmission cup is replaced with beaker, drier uses anhydrous cupric sulfate.
As seen from Table 1, rapeseed protein composite membrane 1,2,3 made of the rapeseed protein hydrolysate of degree of hydrolysis 10%, 15%
Tensile strength, elongation at break are significantly higher than control composite membrane 1,2 made of rapeseed protein, and vapor transmission coefficient is substantially less than
Compare composite membrane 1,2.
It can be seen from figure 1 that compared with compareing composite membrane 1, the microstructure of rapeseed protein composite membrane 2 is finer and close, uniform peace
It is sliding, and without large grained foreign matter.Rapeseed protein composite membrane 1,3 also has similar microstructure.The above results show, chitosan
There is preferable compatibility with rapeseed protein hydrolysate, the good mechanical property of rapeseed protein composite membrane 1,2,3, elasticity is larger, resistance
It is water-based can be relatively strong, Microscopic is that film is fine and close, smooth.
In addition, investigated by detecting rapeseed protein composite membrane 2 to the inhibition zone of Escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus
The fungistatic effect of each composite membrane, specific method are as follows：The l bacterial suspensions that 0.1mL concentration is about 106CFU/m are transferred to
In LB solid plates, with sterile coating rod coating.Test film is cut into a diameter of 10mm disk, passes through ultraviolet sterilization light irradiation
Sterilizing 30 minutes, is then placed in LB solid plates center with tweezers.Solid plate is cultivated into 48h in 37 DEG C of incubators.With number
The diameter of aobvious vernier caliper measurement inhibition zone.Parallel testing three times, results averaged are carried out to each sample.Rapeseed protein is answered
It is 21.72mm to the antibacterial circle diameter of Escherichia coli to close film 2, and the antibacterial circle diameter to staphylococcus aureus is 23.93mm.Dish
Seed protein composite film 1,3 also has similar bacteriostasis property.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of edibility rapeseed protein composite membrane, it is characterised in that prepare with the following method：
（1）The rapeseed protein extracted from rapeseed dregs is used into hydrolysis by novo, degree of hydrolysis 10-20%；Adjust hydrolyzate
PH value takes supernatant to be freeze-dried, obtains rapeseed protein hydrolysate to acidity；
（2）Prepare containing the rapeseed protein hydrolysate, chitosan and glycerine into film liquid, be prepared using the tape casting edible
Property rapeseed protein composite membrane.
2. edibility rapeseed protein composite membrane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described into film liquid with the following method
Prepare：The solution A containing 16-32g/L rapeseed proteins hydrolysate and 8-24g/L chitosans is prepared, 4.8- is added in every liter of solution A
14g glycerine, stirs, and obtains described into film liquid.
3. edibility rapeseed protein composite membrane according to claim 2, it is characterised in that be set forth in the compound method of solution A such as
Under：Using 15-25g/L acetic acid solution as solvent, the solution B containing 16-48g/L chitosans is prepared；By 32-64g/L vegetable seed
Protolysate solution and solution B are 4 according to volume ratio:3-4:5 mixing, obtain solution A.
4. according to one of the claim 1-3 edibility rapeseed protein composite membranes, it is characterised in that the pH of the hydrolyzate is adjusted
Section takes supernatant to be freeze-dried, obtains rapeseed protein hydrolysate to 5.5-6.5.
5. edibility rapeseed protein composite membrane according to claim 4, it is characterised in that using described in hydrolysis by novo
During rapeseed protein, the addition of alkali protease is the 2-8% of rapeseed protein quality, and hydrolysis pH is 7.5-8.5, and hydrolysis temperature is
40-50 DEG C, the degree of hydrolysis of rapeseed protein is 10-15%.
6. edibility rapeseed protein composite membrane according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Using the heavy method of alkali soluble acid from vegetable seed
Extract rapeseed protein in the dregs of rice, during alkali soluble pH be 10.5-11.5, temperature be 40-50 DEG C, pH is 4.0-5.0 when acid is heavy.
7. edibility rapeseed protein composite membrane according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The rapeseed dregs is to take off vegetable seed
Obtained after shell, crushing, degreasing.
8. edibility rapeseed protein composite membrane according to claim 7, it is characterised in that be prepared using the tape casting edible
The method of property rapeseed protein composite membrane is as follows：Die for molding will be poured into film liquid, 20-30h is dried under the conditions of 25-30 DEG C,
Take off film.
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| CN201711050166.4A CN107619606A (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | A kind of edibility rapeseed protein composite membrane |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN109082127A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-12-25 | 南京财经大学 | A kind of rapeseed protein composite membrane |
| CN110628064A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2019-12-31 | 南京财经大学 | High-ductility rice protein edible composite film prepared by ultrasonic-enzyme method |
| CN111647275A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-09-11 | 华中农业大学 | Preparation method of edible composite membrane of fish myofibrillar protein |
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| CN111647275A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-09-11 | 华中农业大学 | Preparation method of edible composite membrane of fish myofibrillar protein |
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