CN107619257B - Anion health-preserving ceramic product and manufacturing process thereof - Google Patents
Anion health-preserving ceramic product and manufacturing process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107619257B CN107619257B CN201710978115.1A CN201710978115A CN107619257B CN 107619257 B CN107619257 B CN 107619257B CN 201710978115 A CN201710978115 A CN 201710978115A CN 107619257 B CN107619257 B CN 107619257B
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Abstract
The invention provides a negative ion health-preserving ceramic product, which comprises a green body, a first glaze layer applied to the surface of the green body, and a second glaze layer applied to the surface of the first glaze layer, wherein the green body with higher plasticity and a certain health-preserving effect is prepared from kaolin, allophane, sepiolite, mica powder, colorless apyrite, negative ion powder, pumice, gypsum, lapis Micae aureus and a silver ion antibacterial agent, the first glaze layer is prepared from kaolin, sodium silicate, bentonite, halloysite, bone meal, negative ion powder, colorless apyrite, actinolite, olivine, talc, borax and a silver ion antibacterial agent, and the second glaze layer is prepared from kaolin, alumina, silica, talc, nepheline, sodium silicate, zinc oxide, negative ion powder and a silver ion antibacterial agent The negative ion health preserving ceramic product has good water resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic products, and particularly relates to an anion health-preserving ceramic product and a manufacturing process thereof.
Background
The negative ions can promote the synthesis and storage of vitamins in the human body and strengthen and activate the physiological activities of the human body, so that the negative ions are called as 'air vitamins', and have very important influence on the life activities of the human body and other organisms like the vitamins of food. After the negative ions are combined with bacteria, the bacteria generate structural change or energy transfer, so that the bacteria die and finally sink on the ground, and therefore the negative ions also have an effective means for killing germs and purifying air.
The ceramic tableware containing ions can promote metabolism of human body, improve immunity of human body, enhance function of human body, and regulate function balance of human body, and proper amount of negative ions are introduced every day, so that the health care tableware can make human body vigorous, raise working efficiency, relieve fatigue and lassitude, improve sleep, eliminate neurasthenia and prevent diseases. The decoration material used in the indoor decoration process volatilizes substances harmful to human bodies, and the ceramic material containing negative ions is used for home decoration, so that the released negative ions can effectively purify air and have good inhibiting effect on staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, candida, mould and the like. Therefore, the anion health-care ceramic product can effectively avoid the invasion of various infectious diseases to human beings, and is particularly widely applied to various industries and fields in families, public places, hospitals and other places.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the prior art, the invention aims to provide a natural, health-preserving, antibacterial, nontoxic, tasteless and good-safety negative ion health-preserving ceramic product.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the negative ion health-preserving ceramic product comprises a blank body and a glaze layer applied to the surface of the blank body, wherein the glaze layer is a first glaze layer applied to the surface of the blank body and a second glaze layer applied to the surface of the first glaze layer, and the blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-40 parts of kaolin, 15-25 parts of allophane, 10-13 parts of anion powder, 5-10 parts of mica powder, 5-8 parts of sepiolite, 5-8 parts of colorless apyrite, 5-8 parts of pumice, 5-8 parts of gypsum, 4-6 parts of lapis Micae aureus and 1-2 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the first glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of kaolin, 15-20 parts of sodium silicate, 10-15 parts of bentonite, 8-12 parts of halloysite, 8-12 parts of bone meal, 10-15 parts of anion powder, 5-8 parts of colorless tourmaline, 4-8 parts of actinolite, 3-5 parts of olivine, 3-5 parts of talcum, 3-5 parts of borax and 2-3 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the second glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of kaolin, 10-15 parts of alumina, 10-15 parts of silicon oxide, 10-12 parts of talc, 8-12 parts of nepheline, 5-10 parts of sodium silicate, 5-10 parts of zinc oxide, 5-8 parts of negative ion powder and 1-2 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent.
Preferably, the raw materials of the blank body comprise the following components in parts by weight: the blank comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of allophane, 11 parts of anion powder, 8 parts of mica powder, 6 parts of sepiolite, 6 parts of colorless tourmaline, 7 parts of pumice, 6 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of lapis Micae aureus and 1.5 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the first glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 17 parts of kaolin, 17 parts of sodium silicate, 12 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of halloysite, 8 parts of bone meal, 12 parts of anion powder, 6 parts of colorless tourmaline, 6 parts of actinolite, 4 parts of olivine, 4 parts of talc, 4 parts of borax and 2.5 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the second glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of kaolin, 12 parts of alumina, 13 parts of silicon oxide, 11 parts of talcum, 10 parts of nepheline, 7 parts of sodium silicate, 8 parts of zinc oxide, 7 parts of negative ion powder and 1.5 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent.
As another preference, the raw materials of the green body comprise the following components in parts by weight: the blank comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 37 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of allophane, 12 parts of anion powder, 8 parts of mica powder, 6 parts of sepiolite, 6 parts of colorless tourmaline, 7 parts of pumice, 6 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of lapis Micae aureus and 1.5 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the first glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of kaolin, 18 parts of sodium silicate, 13 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of halloysite, 9 parts of bone meal, 13 parts of anion powder, 6 parts of colorless tourmaline, 6 parts of actinolite, 5 parts of olivine, 5 parts of talc, 4 parts of borax and 2.5 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the second glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28 parts of kaolin, 11 parts of alumina, 13 parts of silicon oxide, 11 parts of talcum, 12 parts of nepheline, 7 parts of sodium silicate, 9 parts of zinc oxide, 7 parts of negative ion powder and 1.5 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent.
According to the invention, kaolin is used as a main component of a blank body raw material, so that the blank body has certain viscosity and plasticity, the allophane and the sepiolite improve the viscosity, the plasticity and the strength, the mica powder improves the toughness, and the colorless alexandrite, the anion powder, the pumice, the gypsum, the lapis Micae aureus and the silver ion antibacterial agent provide a certain amount of mineral elements beneficial to the human body, so that the blank body with higher plasticity and certain health care effect is prepared; the first glaze layer is prepared from kaolin, sodium silicate, bentonite, halloysite, bone meal, anion powder, colorless alexandrite, actinolite, olivine, talc, borax and a silver ion antibacterial agent, wherein the content of mineral elements beneficial to human bodies and elements such as anions is relatively high, the second glaze layer is prepared from kaolin, alumina, silicon oxide, talc, nepheline, sodium silicate, zinc oxide, anion powder and a silver ion antibacterial agent and protects the first glaze layer, and simultaneously contains a certain amount of trace elements, anions and other components beneficial to human bodies, so that the negative ion water-resistant health-preserving ceramic product with low radioactivity, good antibacterial property, high wear resistance, good thermal stability and good performance is integrally prepared.
The invention also provides a process for manufacturing the negative ion health preserving ceramic product, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing the raw materials in parts by weight for later use;
step 2, mixing the raw materials of the blank, adding water accounting for 1-2 times of the total weight of the raw materials, performing ball milling for 2-4 hours, sieving with a 150-500-mesh sieve, performing pugging for 1-2 hours at a speed of 80-120 r/min to obtain pug, adjusting the water content of the pug to 40-50%, shaping to obtain a crude blank, and utilizing the blank to obtain a blank;
step 3, preparing first glaze water and second glaze water respectively by adopting the following methods: mixing raw materials of glaze 1 or glaze 2, adding water which is 2-5 times of the total weight of the glaze, ball-milling for 2-4 hours, sieving with a 400-800-mesh sieve, carrying out vacuum stirring at the speed of 120-150 r/min for 30-80 minutes under the conditions of 50-65 ℃ and-0.1-0.5 MPa, standing for 3-15 minutes after stirring is finished, carrying out vacuum defoaming, and finally adjusting the water content to 55-75% to respectively obtain first glaze water and second glaze water;
and 4, glazing the blank obtained in the step 2 for the first time by using the first glaze water obtained in the step 3, wherein the thickness of a glazed glaze layer is 0.1-1 mm, drying the blank, firing the blank for 6-8 hours at 100-300 ℃ to obtain a biscuit, glazing the biscuit for the second time by using the second glaze water obtained in the step 3, wherein the thickness of the glazed glaze layer is 0.5-2 mm, and firing the biscuit for the second time at 1150-1300 ℃ for 4-8 hours after drying to obtain the negative ion health-preserving ceramic product.
The negative ion health-care ceramic product is prepared by adopting the process of glazing twice and firing twice, a biscuit with certain strength and equivalent thermal expansion property to the second glaze layer is obtained by firing once, and the negative ion health-care ceramic product with high wear resistance, good thermal stability and good water resistance is obtained by firing twice.
As optimization, the ball milling speed of the blank raw material added with water in the step 2 is 180-220 r/min, the ball milling speed of the glaze layer raw material added with water in the step 3 is 80-120 r/min,
preferably, the water content of the first glaze water obtained in the step 3 is adjusted to 65-70%, and the water content of the second glaze water is adjusted to 57-62%.
Preferably, the blank after the primary glazing is dried in the step 4 under the conditions that the temperature is 45-55 ℃ and the humidity is 25-35%, more than 90% of water in the blank and the glaze layer can be evaporated under the conditions, and the blank is not deformed, so that deformation or cracking caused by evaporation of a large amount of water in the firing process of the blank at the temperature of 100-300 ℃ is avoided.
As another optimization, the biscuit after the secondary glazing is dried at the temperature of 35-40 ℃ and the humidity of 40-45%, and the biscuit after the secondary glazing is fired at the temperature of 100-300 ℃, so that the biscuit has certain strength, can be dried at a higher humidity, properly retains the moisture in the glaze layer, and contains trace hydroxyl in the negative ion health-preserving ceramic product obtained after the secondary firing, so that the ceramic product has finer and warmer luster.
As an optimization, the temperature curve of the secondary firing after the biscuit body after the secondary glazing is dried in the step 4 is as follows: heating to 500-700 ℃ at the speed of 1-5 ℃/s, then heating to 1150-1300 ℃ at the speed of 5-10 ℃/s, preserving heat for 4-8 hours, then cooling to 300-400 ℃ at the speed of 1-3 ℃/s, and finally naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the negative ion health-preserving ceramic product.
Advantageous effects
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the beneficial elements in the first glaze layer are relatively the most, but the melting temperature is relatively low, the beneficial elements in the second glaze layer are relatively the least, but the melting temperature is relatively high, and in the secondary firing process, the second glaze layer is melted to form a compact protective layer, so that the beneficial elements in the first glaze layer are protected from being excessively volatilized at high temperature, the content of the beneficial elements in the prepared anion health-preserving ceramic product is reserved, and the anion health-preserving ceramic product can play the role of anion health-preserving ceramic for a long time in the using process.
(2) The two-time firing process is adopted, the first glaze water has higher viscosity, lower melting point and high adhesion, a biscuit with certain strength is obtained after the one-time firing process is carried out, the melting temperature of a first glaze layer on the surface of the biscuit can be improved by the one-time firing process, the second glaze water adopted after the two-time glazing process mainly plays a role in protection and certain health care, compared with the first glaze layer on the surface of the biscuit after the one-time firing process, the second glaze water has higher melting point, equivalent thermal expansion and lower fluidity after melting, in the two-time firing process, the second glaze layer and the first glaze layer synchronously expand or contract so as to avoid cracking of the glaze layer, and after the two-time firing process, the second glaze layer is firmly attached to the surface of the first glaze layer and mutually infiltrates at the contact part so as to enable the first glaze layer and the second glaze layer to be tightly bonded to form a firm and compact glaze layer to protect the whole ceramic biscuit, thus preparing the anion health-care ceramic product with good glossiness, low radioactivity, good antibacterial property, high wear resistance, good thermal stability and good water resistance.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a negative ion health-preserving ceramic product, which comprises a blank body and a glaze layer applied to the surface of the blank body, wherein the glaze layer is a first glaze layer applied to the surface of the blank body and a second glaze layer applied to the surface of the first glaze layer, and the blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of kaolin, 15 parts of allophane, 10 parts of anion powder, 5 parts of mica powder, 5 parts of sepiolite, 5 parts of colorless tourmaline, 5 parts of pumice, 5 parts of gypsum, 4 parts of lapis Micae aureus and 1 part of silver ion antibacterial agent; the first glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of kaolin, 15 parts of sodium silicate, 10 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of halloysite, 8 parts of bone meal, 10 parts of anion powder, 5 parts of colorless tourmaline, 4 parts of actinolite, 3 parts of olivine, 3 parts of talc, 3 parts of borax and 2 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the second glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of alumina, 10 parts of silicon oxide, 10 parts of talcum, 8 parts of nepheline, 5 parts of sodium silicate, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 5 parts of anion powder and 1 part of silver ion antibacterial agent.
The embodiment also provides a process for manufacturing the negative ion health preserving ceramic product, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing the raw materials in parts by weight for later use;
step 2, mixing the blank raw materials, adding water which is 1 time of the total weight of the blank raw materials, ball-milling for 2 hours, sieving by a 150-mesh sieve, pugging for 1 hour at the speed of 120r/min to obtain pug, adjusting the water content of the pug to be 40%, shaping to obtain a crude blank, and benefiting the blank to obtain a blank;
step 3, preparing first glaze water and second glaze water respectively by adopting the following methods: mixing the raw materials of glaze 1 or 2, adding water which is 2 times of the total weight of the glaze, ball-milling for 2 hours, sieving with a 400-mesh sieve, then carrying out vacuum stirring for 80 minutes at the speed of 120r/min at the temperature of 50 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.3MPa, standing for 3 minutes after the stirring is finished, carrying out vacuum defoaming, finally adjusting the water content of the glaze to 65% to obtain first glaze water, and adjusting the water content of the glaze to 57% to obtain second glaze water;
step 4, performing primary glazing on the green body obtained in the step 2 by using the first glaze water obtained in the step 3, wherein the thickness of a glazed glaze layer is 0.1mm, drying the green body at the temperature of 45 ℃ and the humidity of 25%, and then performing primary firing at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain a biscuit, performing secondary glazing on the biscuit by using the second glaze water obtained in the step 3, wherein the thickness of the glazed glaze layer is 0.5mm, drying the biscuit at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the humidity of 40%, and performing secondary firing at the temperature of 1150 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the negative ion health-preserving ceramic product, wherein the temperature curve of the secondary firing is as follows: heating to 500 deg.C at a rate of 2 deg.C/s, heating to 1150 deg.C at a rate of 5 deg.C/s, holding for 4 hr, cooling to 400 deg.C at a rate of 1 deg.C/s, and naturally cooling to room temperature.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a negative ion health-preserving ceramic product, which comprises a blank body and a glaze layer applied to the surface of the blank body, wherein the glaze layer is a first glaze layer applied to the surface of the blank body and a second glaze layer applied to the surface of the first glaze layer, and the blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 37 parts of kaolin, 17 parts of allophane, 10 parts of anion powder, 6 parts of mica powder, 5 parts of sepiolite, 6 parts of colorless tourmaline, 7 parts of pumice, 5 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of lapis Micae aureus and 1 part of silver ion antibacterial agent; the first glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16 parts of kaolin, 16 parts of sodium silicate, 11 parts of bentonite, 9 parts of halloysite, 8 parts of bone meal, 11 parts of anion powder, 6 parts of colorless tourmaline, 5 parts of actinolite, 3 parts of olivine, 4 parts of talc, 4 parts of borax and 2 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the second glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 23 parts of kaolin, 11 parts of alumina, 11 parts of silicon oxide, 10 parts of talcum, 8 parts of nepheline, 6 parts of sodium silicate, 6 parts of zinc oxide, 6 parts of negative ion powder and 1 part of silver ion antibacterial agent.
The embodiment also provides a process for manufacturing the negative ion health preserving ceramic product, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing the raw materials in parts by weight for later use;
step 2, mixing the blank raw materials, adding water accounting for 1.5 times of the total weight of the blank raw materials, ball-milling for 2 hours, sieving by a 500-mesh sieve, pugging for 1.5 hours at the speed of 100r/min to obtain pug, adjusting the water content of the pug to be 45%, shaping to obtain a crude blank, and benefiting the blank to obtain a blank;
step 3, preparing first glaze water and second glaze water respectively by adopting the following methods: mixing the raw materials of glaze 1 or 2, adding water which is 4 times of the total weight of the glaze, ball-milling for 3 hours, sieving with a 500-mesh sieve, then carrying out vacuum stirring at the speed of 135r/min for 40 minutes at the temperature of 55 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.1MPa, standing for 12 minutes after the stirring is finished, carrying out vacuum defoaming, finally adjusting the water content of the glaze to 68% to obtain first glaze water, and adjusting the water content of the glaze to 62% to obtain second glaze water;
step 4, performing primary glazing on the green body obtained in the step 2 by using the first glaze water obtained in the step 3, wherein the thickness of a glazed glaze layer is 1mm, drying the green body at the temperature of 45 ℃ and the humidity of 28%, and then performing primary firing at the temperature of 300 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain a biscuit, performing secondary glazing on the biscuit by using the second glaze water obtained in the step 3, wherein the thickness of the glazed glaze layer is 2mm, drying the biscuit at the temperature of 38 ℃ and the humidity of 43%, and performing secondary firing at the temperature of 1200 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the negative ion health-preserving ceramic product, wherein the temperature curve of the secondary firing is as follows: heating to 700 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/s, then heating to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 7 ℃/s, keeping the temperature for 8 hours, then cooling to 300 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/s, and finally naturally cooling to room temperature.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a negative ion health-preserving ceramic product, which comprises a blank body and a glaze layer applied to the surface of the blank body, wherein the glaze layer is a first glaze layer applied to the surface of the blank body and a second glaze layer applied to the surface of the first glaze layer, and the blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of allophane, 11 parts of anion powder, 8 parts of mica powder, 6 parts of sepiolite, 6 parts of colorless tourmaline, 7 parts of pumice, 6 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of lapis Micae aureus and 1.5 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the first glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 17 parts of kaolin, 17 parts of sodium silicate, 12 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of halloysite, 8 parts of bone meal, 12 parts of anion powder, 6 parts of colorless tourmaline, 6 parts of actinolite, 4 parts of olivine, 4 parts of talc, 4 parts of borax and 2.5 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the second glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of kaolin, 12 parts of alumina, 13 parts of silicon oxide, 11 parts of talcum, 10 parts of nepheline, 7 parts of sodium silicate, 8 parts of zinc oxide, 7 parts of negative ion powder and 1.5 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent.
The embodiment also provides a process for manufacturing the negative ion health preserving ceramic product, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing the raw materials in parts by weight for later use;
step 2, mixing the blank raw materials, adding water accounting for 1.5 times of the total weight of the blank raw materials, ball-milling for 3 hours, sieving with a 450-mesh sieve, pugging for 2 hours at a speed of 80r/min to obtain pug, adjusting the water content of the pug to be 45%, shaping to obtain a crude blank, and benefiting the blank to obtain a blank;
step 3, preparing first glaze water and second glaze water respectively by adopting the following methods: mixing raw materials of glaze 1 or 2, adding water which is 3.5 times of the total weight of the glaze, ball-milling for 3.5 hours, sieving with a 700-mesh sieve, then carrying out vacuum stirring at the speed of 140r/min for 60 minutes under the conditions of 60 ℃ and-0.1 MPa, standing for 10 minutes after stirring is finished, carrying out vacuum defoaming, finally adjusting the water content of the glaze to 67% to obtain first glaze water, and adjusting the water content of the glaze to 60% to obtain second glaze water;
step 4, glazing the green body obtained in the step 2 for the first time by using the first glaze water obtained in the step 3, wherein the thickness of a glazed glaze layer is 0.7mm, airing the green body at the temperature of 50 ℃ and the humidity of 30%, firing the green body for the first time at the temperature of 200 ℃ to obtain a biscuit, glazing the biscuit for the second time by using the second glaze water obtained in the step 3, wherein the thickness of the glazed glaze layer is 0.7mm, airing the green body at the temperature of 38 ℃ and the humidity of 42%, and firing the biscuit for the second time at the temperature of 1250 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain the negative ion health-preserving ceramic product, wherein the temperature curve of the secondary firing is as follows: heating to 600 deg.C at 3 deg.C/s, heating to 1250 deg.C at 7 deg.C/s, holding for 6 hr, cooling to 300 deg.C at 1.5 deg.C/s, and naturally cooling to room temperature.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a negative ion health-preserving ceramic product, which comprises a blank body and a glaze layer applied to the surface of the blank body, wherein the glaze layer is a first glaze layer applied to the surface of the blank body and a second glaze layer applied to the surface of the first glaze layer, and the blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 37 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of allophane, 12 parts of anion powder, 8 parts of mica powder, 6 parts of sepiolite, 6 parts of colorless tourmaline, 7 parts of pumice, 6 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of lapis Micae aureus and 1.5 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the first glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of kaolin, 18 parts of sodium silicate, 13 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of halloysite, 9 parts of bone meal, 13 parts of anion powder, 6 parts of colorless tourmaline, 6 parts of actinolite, 5 parts of olivine, 5 parts of talc, 4 parts of borax and 2.5 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the second glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28 parts of kaolin, 11 parts of alumina, 13 parts of silicon oxide, 11 parts of talcum, 12 parts of nepheline, 7 parts of sodium silicate, 9 parts of zinc oxide, 7 parts of negative ion powder and 1.5 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent.
The embodiment also provides a process for manufacturing the negative ion health preserving ceramic product, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing the raw materials in parts by weight for later use;
step 2, mixing the blank raw materials, adding water accounting for 1.5 times of the total weight of the blank raw materials, ball-milling for 3 hours, sieving with a 450-mesh sieve, pugging for 2 hours at a speed of 80r/min to obtain pug, adjusting the water content of the pug to be 45%, shaping to obtain a crude blank, and benefiting the blank to obtain a blank;
step 3, preparing first glaze water and second glaze water respectively by adopting the following methods: mixing raw materials of glaze 1 or 2, adding water which is 3.5 times of the total weight of the glaze, ball-milling for 3.5 hours, sieving with a 700-mesh sieve, then carrying out vacuum stirring at the speed of 140r/min for 60 minutes under the conditions of 60 ℃ and-0.1 MPa, standing for 10 minutes after stirring is finished, carrying out vacuum defoaming, finally adjusting the water content of the glaze to 67% to obtain first glaze water, and adjusting the water content of the glaze to 60% to obtain second glaze water;
step 4, glazing the green body obtained in the step 2 for the first time by using the first glaze water obtained in the step 3, wherein the thickness of a glazed glaze layer is 0.7mm, airing the green body at the temperature of 50 ℃ and the humidity of 30%, firing the green body for the first time at the temperature of 200 ℃ to obtain a biscuit, glazing the biscuit for the second time by using the second glaze water obtained in the step 3, wherein the thickness of the glazed glaze layer is 0.7mm, airing the green body at the temperature of 38 ℃ and the humidity of 42%, and firing the biscuit for the second time at the temperature of 1250 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain the negative ion health-preserving ceramic product, wherein the temperature curve of the secondary firing is as follows: heating to 600 deg.C at 3 deg.C/s, heating to 1250 deg.C at 7 deg.C/s, holding for 6 hr, cooling to 300 deg.C at 1.5 deg.C/s, and naturally cooling to room temperature.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a negative ion health-preserving ceramic product, which comprises a blank body and a glaze layer applied to the surface of the blank body, wherein the glaze layer is a first glaze layer applied to the surface of the blank body and a second glaze layer applied to the surface of the first glaze layer, and the blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of kaolin, 25 parts of allophane, 13 parts of anion powder, 10 parts of mica powder, 8 parts of sepiolite, 8 parts of colorless tourmaline, 8 parts of pumice, 8 parts of gypsum, 6 parts of lapis Micae aureus and 2 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the first glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of sodium silicate, 15 parts of bentonite, 12 parts of halloysite, 12 parts of bone meal, 15 parts of anion powder, 8 parts of colorless tourmaline, 8 parts of actinolite, 5 parts of olivine, 5 parts of talc, 5 parts of borax and 3 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the second glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of kaolin, 15 parts of alumina, 15 parts of silicon oxide, 12 parts of talcum, 12 parts of nepheline, 10 parts of sodium silicate, 10 parts of zinc oxide, 8 parts of negative ion powder and 2 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent.
The embodiment also provides a process for manufacturing the negative ion health preserving ceramic product, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing the raw materials in parts by weight for later use;
step 2, mixing the blank raw materials, adding water which is 2 times of the total weight of the blank raw materials, ball-milling for 4 hours, sieving with a 400-mesh sieve, pugging for 1 hour at the speed of 120r/min to obtain pug, adjusting the water content of the pug to be 50%, shaping to obtain a crude blank, and benefiting the blank to obtain a blank;
step 3, preparing first glaze water and second glaze water respectively by adopting the following methods: mixing the raw materials of glaze 1 or 2, adding water which is 4 times of the total weight of the glaze, ball-milling for 2 hours, sieving with a 600-mesh sieve, then carrying out vacuum stirring at the speed of 150r/min for 30 minutes at the temperature of 55 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.5MPa, standing for 15 minutes after stirring is finished, carrying out vacuum defoaming, finally adjusting the water content of the glaze to 70% to obtain first glaze water, and adjusting the water content of the glaze to 62% to obtain second glaze water;
step 4, glazing the green body obtained in the step 2 for the first time by adopting the first glaze water obtained in the step 3, wherein the thickness of a glazed glaze layer is 1mm, airing the green body at the temperature of 55 ℃ and the humidity of 35%, firing the green body for the first time at the temperature of 300 ℃ to obtain a biscuit, glazing the biscuit for the second time by adopting the second glaze water obtained in the step 3, wherein the thickness of the glazed glaze layer is 2mm, airing the green body at the temperature of 40 ℃ and the humidity of 45%, firing the biscuit for the second time at the temperature of 1300 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain the negative ion health-preserving ceramic product, and the temperature curve of the secondary firing is as follows: heating to 700 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/s, then heating to 1300 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/s, preserving the heat for 4 hours, then cooling to 400 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/s, and finally naturally cooling to room temperature.
The raw materials and parts by weight used in the above examples 1 to 5 are shown in table 1 below:
table 1 proportions of the respective raw materials in examples 1 to 5
The negative ion health-preserving ceramic products prepared in the above examples 1 to 5 were subjected to radioactivity, antibacterial property, abrasion resistance, thermal stability and water resistance tests, and the test methods were as follows:
and (3) radioactivity testing: taking 5 pieces of negative ion health preserving ceramic product fragments as samples, and detecting the specific radioactivity of radionuclides radium-226, thorium-232 and potassium-40 in the samples according to the specification of WS 178.
And (2) performing antibacterial property test, taking 3 pieces of negative ion health-care ceramic chips as samples, respectively inoculating 0.5 ml of bacterial liquid on the surface of each sample and paving, wherein the concentration of the bacterial liquid is 10000 bacteria per ml, covering the surface of the ceramic chip with a preservative film to keep the humidity above 90%, so that the bacterial liquid on the surface of the ceramic chip is not dried after 24 hours, then placing the ceramic chip in a thermostat at 36 +/-1 ℃ for culturing for 24 hours, and then observing the number of bacterial colonies on the surface of the sample to calculate the antibacterial rate of the No. 1 to No. 3 samples to bacteria and calculating the average value of the antibacterial rates to the bacteria, thereby obtaining the antibacterial rate of the samples, wherein the national standard requires that the average antibacterial rates of the antibacterial ceramic to staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli are.
And (3) wear resistance test: the method comprises the steps of carrying out wear resistance test on fragments of the negative ion health-care ceramic product by using a wear resistance testing machine, taking 5 fragments of the negative ion health-care ceramic product as a sample, placing grinding steel balls with a certain grain size distribution, No. 80 white corundum and quantitative deionized water or distilled water on the sample, carrying out rotary grinding according to a specified rotation rate, observing and comparing the worn sample with an unworn sample, evaluating the wear resistance of the sample by the grinding revolution number of the sample starting to be worn, averaging the wear resistance test results of the 5 samples to obtain the wear resistance test result of the ceramic product, wherein the higher the grinding revolution number of the sample starting to be worn is, the better the wear resistance of the negative ion health-care ceramic product is.
And (3) testing thermal stability: taking 5 pieces of negative ion health-preserving ceramic product fragments as samples, placing the samples at 280 ℃ for heat preservation for 300 minutes, taking out the samples after the heat preservation is finished, performing accounting, putting the samples into water with the temperature of 20 ℃ at a rapid speed within 15s, and soaking the samples for 10 minutes, wherein the weight ratio of the water to the weight of the samples is 8: 1, taking out the sample which is 25mm higher than the sample, wiping the sample with cloth, coating red ink, checking whether cracks exist, and rechecking once after 24 hours, wherein the fewer cracks are generated, and the better the thermal stability of the negative ion health-preserving ceramic product is.
Water absorption test: taking 5 pieces of negative ion health-preserving ceramic product fragments as samples, cleaning and drying the samples, weighing the samples respectively, separating the samples and placing the samples in distilled water, boiling the samples for 3 hours, keeping the water surface above the samples by more than 10mm, taking out the samples, wiping off water attached to the surfaces of the samples by using water-saturated cloth, rapidly and respectively weighing the weights of the samples, calculating the water absorption of each sample according to a formula, and calculating the average water absorption of the 5 pieces of samples to obtain the water absorption of the negative ion health-preserving ceramic product, wherein the lower the water absorption is, the better the water resistance of the negative ion health-preserving ceramic product is.
The results of radioactivity, antibacterial property, abrasion resistance, thermal stability and water resistance tests of the negative ion health-preserving ceramic products prepared in the above examples 1 to 5 and the commercially available general ceramic products as the comparative examples are shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2 test data
The anion health preserving ceramic products provided in the above embodiments 1 to 5, which are specified in the radioactive nuclide limit national standard (GB6555-2001) of radioactive building materials, have antibacterial properties meeting the national standard JC _ T897-2002, have wear resistance, thermal stability and water resistance higher than those of the common anion health preserving ceramic products on the market, belong to high-quality anion health preserving ceramic products, and can be made into ceramic tableware, ceramic plates, ceramic tiles and ceramic artware for use in various aspects of life, construction, decoration, etc., wherein the anion health preserving ceramic products obtained in the embodiments 3 and 4 have the best performance, which is the best embodiment.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The negative ion health-preserving ceramic product comprises a blank body and a glaze layer applied to the surface of the blank body, wherein the glaze layer comprises a first glaze layer applied to the surface of the blank body and a second glaze layer applied to the surface of the first glaze layer, and the negative ion health-preserving ceramic product is characterized in that the blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-40 parts of kaolin, 15-25 parts of allophane, 10-13 parts of anion powder, 5-10 parts of mica powder, 5-8 parts of sepiolite, 5-8 parts of colorless apyrite, 5-8 parts of pumice, 5-8 parts of gypsum, 4-6 parts of lapis Micae aureus and 1-2 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the first glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of kaolin, 15-20 parts of sodium silicate, 10-15 parts of bentonite, 8-12 parts of halloysite, 8-12 parts of bone meal, 10-15 parts of anion powder, 5-8 parts of colorless tourmaline, 4-8 parts of actinolite, 3-5 parts of olivine, 3-5 parts of talcum, 3-5 parts of borax and 2-3 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the second glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of kaolin, 10-15 parts of alumina, 10-15 parts of silicon oxide, 10-12 parts of talc, 8-12 parts of nepheline, 5-10 parts of sodium silicate, 5-10 parts of zinc oxide, 5-8 parts of negative ion powder and 1-2 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent.
2. The negative ion health preserving ceramic product of claim 1, wherein the raw materials of the green body comprise the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of allophane, 11 parts of anion powder, 8 parts of mica powder, 6 parts of sepiolite, 6 parts of colorless tourmaline, 7 parts of pumice, 6 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of lapis Micae aureus and 1.5 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the first glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 17 parts of kaolin, 17 parts of sodium silicate, 12 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of halloysite, 8 parts of bone meal, 12 parts of anion powder, 6 parts of colorless tourmaline, 6 parts of actinolite, 4 parts of olivine, 4 parts of talc, 4 parts of borax and 2.5 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the second glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of kaolin, 12 parts of alumina, 13 parts of silicon oxide, 11 parts of talcum, 10 parts of nepheline, 7 parts of sodium silicate, 8 parts of zinc oxide, 7 parts of negative ion powder and 1.5 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent.
3. The negative ion health preserving ceramic product of claim 1, wherein the raw materials of the green body comprise the following components in parts by weight: 37 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of allophane, 12 parts of anion powder, 8 parts of mica powder, 6 parts of sepiolite, 6 parts of colorless tourmaline, 7 parts of pumice, 6 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of lapis Micae aureus and 1.5 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the first glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of kaolin, 18 parts of sodium silicate, 13 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of halloysite, 9 parts of bone meal, 13 parts of anion powder, 6 parts of colorless tourmaline, 6 parts of actinolite, 5 parts of olivine, 5 parts of talc, 4 parts of borax and 2.5 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent; the second glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28 parts of kaolin, 11 parts of alumina, 13 parts of silicon oxide, 11 parts of talcum, 12 parts of nepheline, 7 parts of sodium silicate, 9 parts of zinc oxide, 7 parts of negative ion powder and 1.5 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent.
4. A process for manufacturing the negative ion health preserving ceramic product of any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
step 1, weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts for later use;
step 2, mixing the raw materials of the blank, adding water accounting for 1-2 times of the total weight of the raw materials, performing ball milling for 2-4 hours, sieving with a 150-500-mesh sieve, performing pugging for 1-2 hours at a speed of 80-120 r/min to obtain pug, adjusting the water content of the pug to 40-50%, shaping to obtain a crude blank, and utilizing the blank to obtain a blank;
step 3, preparing first glaze water and second glaze water respectively by adopting the following methods: mixing raw materials of glaze 1 or glaze 2, adding water which is 2-5 times of the total weight of the glaze, ball-milling for 2-4 hours, sieving with a 400-800-mesh sieve, carrying out vacuum stirring at the speed of 120-150 r/min for 30-80 minutes under the conditions of 50-65 ℃ and-0.1-0.5 MPa, standing for 3-15 minutes after stirring is finished, carrying out vacuum defoaming, and finally adjusting the water content to 55-75% to respectively obtain first glaze water and second glaze water;
and 4, glazing the blank obtained in the step 2 for the first time by using the first glaze water obtained in the step 3, wherein the thickness of a glazed glaze layer is 0.1-1 mm, drying the blank, firing the blank for 6-8 hours at 100-300 ℃ to obtain a biscuit, glazing the biscuit for the second time by using the second glaze water obtained in the step 3, wherein the thickness of the glazed glaze layer is 0.5-2 mm, and firing the biscuit for the second time at 1150-1300 ℃ for 4-8 hours after drying to obtain the negative ion health-preserving ceramic product.
5. The process for manufacturing the negative ion health preserving ceramic product as claimed in claim 4, wherein the water content of the first glaze water obtained in the step 3 is adjusted to 65-70%.
6. The process for manufacturing the negative ion health preserving ceramic product as claimed in claim 4, wherein the water content of the second glaze water obtained in the step 3 is adjusted to 57-62%.
7. The process for manufacturing the negative ion health preserving ceramic product according to claim 4, wherein the step 4 is to air-dry the primary glazed green body at 45-55 ℃ and 25-35% humidity.
8. The process for manufacturing the negative ion health preserving ceramic product according to claim 4 or 7, wherein the biscuit after the secondary glazing is dried in the air at the temperature of 35-40 ℃ and the humidity of 40-45% in the step 4.
9. The process for manufacturing the negative ion health preserving ceramic product according to claim 4, wherein the temperature curve of the secondary firing after the biscuit body after the secondary glazing is dried in the air in the step 4 is as follows: heating to 500-700 ℃ at the speed of 1-5 ℃/s, then heating to 1150-1300 ℃ at the speed of 5-10 ℃/s, preserving heat for 4-8 hours, then cooling to 300-400 ℃ at the speed of 1-3 ℃/s, and finally naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the negative ion health preserving ceramic product.
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| CN108595039A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-09-28 | 福建序源堂陶瓷文化有限公司 | A kind of ceramic mouse pad of sustainable releasing negative oxygen ion |
| CN109437846A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-03-08 | 于富强 | A kind of production method of anion, silver ion function ceramics brick |
| CN109608166A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-04-12 | 福建华夏金刚科技股份有限公司 | A kind of wear-resisting, heat-resisting function ceramics stews and its preparation process |
| CN109824352A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-05-31 | 福建省德化正和陶瓷有限公司 | A kind of highly effective nano antibiotic functional ceramic product and its manufacturing process |
| CN112374859A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-19 | 景德镇卓之艺陶瓷有限公司 | Health-preserving ceramic product and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN114394816A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-04-26 | 阳城福龙陶瓷有限公司 | Negative ion antibacterial ceramic tile and production process thereof |
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