CN107611994A - Photovoltaic plant additional damping controller Parameters design based on wide area measurement system signal - Google Patents
Photovoltaic plant additional damping controller Parameters design based on wide area measurement system signal Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of photovoltaic plant additional damping controller Parameters design based on wide area measurement system signal：It is determined that the section low frequency oscillation mode of the power system containing photovoltaic plant；Main mould is selected from feedback signal to be selected than feedback signal of the maximum as output；Pseudo-random signal is inputted in photovoltaic plant control system input, and utilizes the feedback signal of synchronous phasor measuring device collection output；According to the crosspower spectrum between the pseudo-random signal of input and the feedback signal of output according to this and the auto-power spectrum of pseudo-random signal determines power system frequency sequence, pass through least square fitting power system frequency sequence, obtain power system open-loop transfer function；The amplitude, phase and gain of photovoltaic plant additional damping controller are determined using Method of Pole Placement.The present invention maximally utilises the idle modulation capability of photovoltaic plant, can effectively suppress the power system section low-frequency oscillation containing photovoltaic plant on the basis of ensureing that photovoltaic plant active power output is unaffected.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to grid-connected stability contorting field, more particularly to a kind of photovoltaic plant based on wide area measurement system signal
Additional damping controller Parameters design.
Background technology
With the expanding day by day of energy demand, the fast development of Power Electronic Technique, using photovoltaic, wind-powered electricity generation as the new of representative
The energy is gradually favored and starts to be widely applied.Increasing country starts to regard new energy development as this in the world
The important component of state's energy policy, and actively promote the building-up work of correlation engineering.Wherein, photovoltaic generation is in power system
In installed capacity improve year by year, the factor such as the progress of correlation technique, reduction of cost of electricity-generating all will further facilitate photovoltaic
It is fast-developing.
However, photovoltaic generation has intermittence in itself, the interference by factors such as weather condition, cloud system motions is larger, and light
Control mode and the otherness of conventional Power Generation Mode etc. used by volt generates electricity, a series of safety and stability that these factors are brought are asked
Topic can not be ignored.Existing large-sized photovoltaic power station is typically remote from load center, and electric energy needs long-distance sand transport to be dissolved, and causes defeated
Electric line heavy service.Above-mentioned factor causes photovoltaic large-scale grid connection to produce underdamping section low-frequency oscillation problem,
Threaten the safe and stable operation of power system.With the lifting of photovoltaic permeability, large-scale photovoltaic power station should correspondingly undertake
Strengthen the task of power system inter-area modes damping characteristic.
One important prerequisite of photovoltaic plant additional damping controller parameter designing is to obtain the power train containing photovoltaic plant
The inearized model (i.e. the open-loop transfer function of system) of system, it is existing that the side for obtaining inearized model is modeled by detailed mathematical
Method has that computationally intensive, accuracy is poor to be lacked under the background that current power system scale expands day by day, structure is increasingly sophisticated
Point.There is scholar to obtain the power system inearized model containing photovoltaic plant using the thought of identification, can solve the problem that it is computationally intensive,
The problem of accuracy difference, such as traditional Prony analytic approach is extended further in the identification of system open loop transmission function, and
Apply it in the parameter designing of power system stabilizer, PSS, enhance power system damping characteristic.But used Prony
Identification method is easily affected by noise, and engineering adaptability is poor.Also scholar uses TLS-ESPRIT (total least squares-rotation
It is constant) technology carries out the identification of system open loop transmission function, and this method has preferable noise proof feature.But this method
It is generally necessary to using step signal as input signal, it is difficult to fully excite power system dynamic step response, and be difficult to use in online
Identification.
It is difficult another to be also present in damping controller parameter designing：The selection of feedback signal (i.e. controller input signal).
Feedback signal is divided into two kinds of local signal, wide area signal.Photovoltaic damping controller is all based on greatly local signal and joined at present
Number design, although cost is low, good reliability, because local signal is poor to the ornamental of underdamping section low-frequency oscillation,
It is limited for the inhibition of section low-frequency oscillation.The WAMS for obtaining fast development in recent years is suppression underdamping
Section low-frequency oscillation provides excellent opportunity, and Wide-area Measurement Information provides largely preferable to underdamping section low-frequency oscillation ornamental
Signal, the method for residues being widely used at present can preferably be selected has stronger ornamental to the low-frequency oscillation of underdamping section
Signal, but this method is only applicable to the comparison between uniformity signal.Wide area signal includes a large amount of different types of signals, makes merely
Can not meet demand with method of residues.In addition, engineering staff focuses more on the control cost of controller among practical application, currently
The wide variety of feedback signal system of selection based on residual does not consider this point.
The content of the invention
Insufficient existing for above technology in order to overcome, it is attached that the present invention provides a kind of photovoltaic plant based on wide area measurement system signal
Add damping controller Parameters design, it is used as additional damping by the idle modulation of photovoltaic plant using wide area measurement system signal
The input signal of controller, the open loop of the power system containing photovoltaic plant is obtained by the identification method based on pseudo-random signal
Transmission function, this method maximally utilise photovoltaic plant on the basis of ensureing that photovoltaic plant active power output is unaffected
Idle modulation capability, can effectively suppress the power system section low-frequency oscillation containing photovoltaic plant.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of photovoltaic plant additional damping based on wide area measurement system signal
Controller parameter design method, step are as follows：
Step 1: determine the section low frequency oscillation mode of the power system containing photovoltaic plant；
Step 2: main mould is selected from feedback signal to be selected than feedback signal of the maximum as output；
Step 3: inputting pseudo-random signal in photovoltaic plant control system input, and utilize synchronous phasor measuring device
Gather the feedback signal of output；
Step 4: according to the crosspower spectrum between the pseudo-random signal of input and the feedback signal of output according to this and pseudorandom
The auto-power spectrum of signal determines power system frequency sequence, by least square fitting power system frequency sequence, obtains electricity
Force system open-loop transfer function；
Step 5: the amplitude, phase and gain of photovoltaic plant additional damping controller are determined using Method of Pole Placement.
Further, the main mould than computational methods such as formula (1) shown in,
Wherein, AiFor the oscillation amplitude of section low frequency oscillation mode, AkFor the amplitude of k-th of oscillation mode, N is oscillation mode
Formula sum, i ∈ N, k ∈ N, i ≠ k.
Further, shown in the computational methods of power system frequency sequence such as formula (2),
Wherein, G (ω) is power system frequency sequence, Guy(ω) is the pseudo-random signal of input and the feedback signal of output
Between crosspower spectrum, Guu(ω) is the auto-power spectrum of the pseudo-random signal of input, and ω is angular frequency.
Further, the detailed process of step 5 is：
4.1 set the closed-loop system transmission function G for adding after photovoltaic plant additional damping controller and forming1(s) such as formula (3) institute
Show, by closed-loop system transmission function G1(s) POLE PLACEMENT USING is λ1, make Laplace operator s=λ1, according toPhotovoltaic plant additional damping controller transfer function H (s) is obtained in s=λ1The amplitude at place | H
(λ1) |, phase arg (H (λ1)),
Wherein, G (s) is the power system open-loop transfer function containing photovoltaic plant；
4.2 calculate photovoltaic plant additional damping controller lead-lag compensating parameter T according to formula (4)1、T2：
In formula, the phase of θ compensation for needed for, ω1For underdamping section low frequency oscillation mode frequency, α T2、T1Ratio；
S=λ known to 4.3 bases1, blocking time constant TW, lead-lag compensating parameter T1And T2And photovoltaic plant is attached
Add damping controller transmission function in s=λ1The amplitude at place | H (λ1) | calculate gain K according to formula (5)STAB,
Compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is the present invention：(1) present invention carries out photovoltaic damping using wide area signal
Controller parameter design, can overcome local signal for inter-area modes ornamental it is poor the defects of；(2) present invention uses main mould
Than the foundation of index alternatively feedback signal, the control cost that engineering staff is more concerned about is accounted for, and can realize
Performance comparision between different type feedback signal, overcome traditional feedback signal system of selection based on residual and be only used for together
The defects of type feedback signal compares；(3) present invention carries out containing photovoltaic plant using the identification method based on pseudo-random signal
The identification of power system open-loop transfer function, it is possible to achieve on-line identification, and being easily achieved in engineering, be easy to different knowledge hierarchies
Engineering staff use.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the photovoltaic plant additional damping controller Parameters design flow of the invention based on wide area measurement system signal
Figure.
Fig. 2 is photovoltaic plant inverter control schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is photovoltaic plant additional damping controller structural representation.
Fig. 4 is twoth areas, the four electromechanical Force system line chart containing photovoltaic plant.
Fig. 5 is region dominant eigenvalues response curve before and after additional controller.
Embodiment
It is readily appreciated that, according to technical scheme, in the case where not changing the connotation of the present invention, this area
Those skilled in the art can imagine the photovoltaic plant additional damping controller parameter based on wide area measurement system signal of the invention and set
The numerous embodiments of meter method.Therefore, detailed description below and accompanying drawing are only the examples to technical scheme
Property explanation, and be not to be construed as the whole of the present invention or be considered as limitation or restriction to technical solution of the present invention.
Step 1, Eigenvalues analysis is carried out to the power system containing photovoltaic plant, determine the power system section low-frequency oscillation
Pattern；
The section low frequency oscillation mode obtained includes frequency and damping ratio information, section low frequency oscillation mode frequency range
For 0.1-1.0Hz, it, which participates in unit, includes different units in two interconnection regions, usual damping ratio less than 5% for weak resistance
Buddhist nun's low frequency oscillation mode, underdamping low frequency oscillation mode are section low frequency oscillation mode.
Step 2, by the use of main mould from feedback signal to be selected main mould is selected to be used as feedback letter than index the maximum than index method
Number Y.
2.1 main moulds are used to weigh the controller output quantity under to the identical damping of some oscillation mode than index (DMR)
Δ u maximum amplitude max | Δ u | size, its mathematic(al) representation is：
Wherein：|cφi| and | c φk| refer to low frequency oscillation mode i and other a certain oscillation mode k between disturbance back zone respectively
Pattern ornamental, | zi(0) | and | zk(0) | refer to after disturbance section low frequency oscillation mode i and oscillation mode in feedback signal to be selected respectively
Formula k primary power, N are the number of oscillation mode.Main mould is bigger than index, then the damping of controller output density is got over
It is good.|cφk|.|zk(0) | refer to the amplitude components of oscillation mode k in feedback signal.As can be seen that main mould than index and dimension without
Close, you can to realize the comparison between different type feedback signal.
Calculating is complex shown in 2.2 factors (1), is calculated to simplify, and can pass through a TLS-ESPRIT (overall most young waiters in a wineshop or an inn
Multiply-invariable rotary) technology obtain main mould compare index.If TLS-ESPRIT technologies are to feedback letter to be selected under some Power System Disturbances
Number analysis result be：
In formula, y (n) is feedback signal time domain response value to be selected, and M is sampling number, and n refers to n-th of sampled point, Ak、φk、
σk、wkThe amplitude of respectively k-th oscillation mode, initial phase, attenuation coefficient, angular frequency, TsFor the sampling period.Then main mould ratio
Index can be calculated by following formula：
Wherein, AiFor the oscillation amplitude of section low frequency oscillation mode in feedback signal to be selected, i ∈ N, k ∈ N, i ≠ k.
Step 3, as shown in Fig. 2 in photovoltaic plant control system input (the i.e. idle control input of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter
Point Vref) injection amplitude is 0.05, sample frequency is 100Hz pseudo-random signal Vs, and utilize synchronous phasor measuring device
(PMU) output signal, i.e., the feedback signal Y determined in acquisition step 2 are gathered.
Step 4,
The pseudo-random signal V of 4.1 pairs of inputss, output feedback signal Y carry out discrete Fourier transform, it is true according to formula (4)
Determine power system frequency sequence G (ω)：
Wherein, Guy(ω) is the pseudo-random signal V of inputsWith the feedback signal Y of output crosspower spectrum；Guu(ω) is defeated
The pseudo-random signal V enteredsAuto-power spectrum, ω is angular frequency.
4.2 by least square fitting power system frequency sequence G (ω), it is determined that the power system containing photovoltaic plant is opened
Ring transmission function G (s), wherein s are Laplace operator；
Step 5, the parameter for determining using Method of Pole Placement photovoltaic plant additional damping controller；
5.1 photovoltaic plant additional damping controller structure explanations
Photovoltaic plant additional damping controller uses structure as shown in Figure 3, mainly includes：Measure link, blocking link,
Phase compensation link, gain link, amplitude limit link.
The measurement link is usedRepresent, wherein TrTo measure time constant, the present embodiment takes 0.01；
The blocking link is usedRepresent, wherein TWFor blocking time constant, for value between 5-10, the present embodiment takes 8；
The lead-lag compensation tache is usedRepresent, wherein T1、T2It is the ginseng of lead-lag compensation tache
Number.When required compensation phase is less than 60 °, then one-level compensation tache is only needed.When it is required compensation phase be more than 60 ° when, it is necessary to
Two-stage compensation tache；
Gain link real number KSTABRepresent；
Y is limited the use of in the amplitude limit linkmaxRepresent, under limit the use of yminRepresent, the present embodiment takes 0.1, -0.1 respectively.
5.2 determine the amplitude and phase of photovoltaic plant additional damping controller using Method of Pole Placement
Assuming that designed photovoltaic plant additional damping controller transmission function is H (s), then its expression formula is：
Wherein, s is Laplace operator；
If it is G to add after photovoltaic plant additional damping controller the closed-loop system transmission function formed1(s), then it is expressed
Formula is：
Assuming that by G1(s) POLE PLACEMENT USING is：λ1=-α '+j ω ', i.e. G1(s) in λ1The value at place is 0, by λ1Substitute into G1
(s), even s=λ1, thenWherein ,-α ', ω ' are respectively the real part of limit, imaginary part；Make ξ
For limit λ1Damping ratio, then its expression formula be：
Therefore, by λ1Photovoltaic plant additional damping controller transfer function H (s) is substituted into, even s=λ1, byPhotovoltaic plant additional damping controller transfer function H (s) can be obtained in s=λ1Place
Value H (λ1) amplitude | H (λ1) |, phase arg (H (λ1))：
|H(λ1) |=1/ | G (λ1)| (8)
arg(H(λ1))=π-arg (G (λ1)) (9)
5.3 further calculate the parameter T of photovoltaic plant additional damping controller lead-lag compensation tache according to the following formula1、T2：
In formula, the phase of θ compensation for needed for, ω1For underdamping section low frequency oscillation mode frequency, α T2、T1Ratio.
5.4 by known s=λ1、TW、T1、T2And photovoltaic plant additional damping controller transmission function is in s=λ1Place
Amplitude | H (λ1) | gain K can be tried to achieve after substituting into formula (5)STAB, the expression formula such as formula (11) after each foregoing each parameter substitution formula (5)
It is shown,
Understand only have 1 unknown quantity on the right of formula (11) equation, that is, need the gain K solvedSTAB。
Therefore, simultaneous formula (8), formula (11), the gain K of photovoltaic plant additional damping controller is finally givenSTAB, so far,
Complete the design of photovoltaic plant additional damping controller parameter.
The present invention can be further illustrated by following experiment：
Analyzed using twoth areas, the four electromechanical Force system in the power station containing large-sized photovoltaic as example, such as Fig. 4.Wherein, photovoltaic has
It is 200MW that work(, which is contributed, and G2 is balance unit.The underdamping section low frequency for determining system by carrying out Eigenvalues analysis to the system
Oscillation mode, obtains its frequency of oscillation 0.59Hz, and damping ratio 1.5% (is less than 5%).Feedback signal to be selected is：Interconnection work(
Rate, interconnection watt current, synchronous machine speed discrepancy, synchronous machine outer corner difference, using main mould than index method from feedback signal group to be selected
In select final feedback signal, interconnection branch road 7-8 power Δs P is selected after Integrated comparative78As feedback signal.For
The section low frequency oscillation mode arrived, by VrefPlace's injection amplitude is 0.05, the pseudo-random signal V that sample frequency is 100Hzs,
Observe Δ P78Time domain response, the open-loop transfer function containing photovoltaic plant is obtained using the method for System Discrimination.Matched somebody with somebody using limit
The design that method completes photovoltaic plant additional damping controller is put, Fig. 5 is in system interconnection before and after addition additional damping controller
The time domain response contrast of interconnection 7-8 transimission powers during three phase short circuit fault occurs for bus 8.It can be found that adding photovoltaic electric
Stand after additional damping controller, the section low-frequency oscillation of system has obtained effective suppression.
Claims (4)
1. the photovoltaic plant additional damping controller Parameters design based on wide area measurement system signal, it is characterised in that
Step 1: determine the section low frequency oscillation mode of the power system containing photovoltaic plant；
Step 2: main mould is selected from feedback signal to be selected than feedback signal of the maximum as output；
Step 3: inputting pseudo-random signal in photovoltaic plant control system input, and gathered using synchronous phasor measuring device
The feedback signal of output；
Step 4: according to the crosspower spectrum between the pseudo-random signal of input and the feedback signal of output according to this and pseudo-random signal
Auto-power spectrum determine power system frequency sequence, pass through least square fitting power system frequency sequence, obtain power train
System open-loop transfer function；
Step 5: the amplitude, phase and gain of photovoltaic plant additional damping controller are determined using Method of Pole Placement.
2. the photovoltaic plant additional damping controller Parameters design based on wide area measurement system signal as claimed in claim 1, its
Be characterised by, the main mould than computational methods such as formula (1) shown in,
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Number, i ∈ N, k ∈ N, i ≠ k.
3. the photovoltaic plant additional damping controller Parameters design based on wide area measurement system signal as claimed in claim 1, its
It is characterised by, shown in the computational methods such as formula (2) of power system frequency sequence,
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Wherein, G (ω) is power system frequency sequence, Guy(ω) is between the pseudo-random signal of input and the feedback signal of output
Crosspower spectrum, Guu(ω) is the auto-power spectrum of the pseudo-random signal of input, and ω is angular frequency.
4. the photovoltaic plant additional damping controller Parameters design based on wide area measurement system signal as claimed in claim 1, its
It is characterised by, the detailed process of step 5 is：
4.1 set the closed-loop system transmission function G for adding after photovoltaic plant additional damping controller and forming1(s), will as shown in formula (3)
Closed-loop system transmission function G1(s) POLE PLACEMENT USING is λ1, make Laplace operator s=λ1, according to
Photovoltaic plant additional damping controller transfer function H (s) is obtained in s=λ1The width at place
Value | H (λ1) |, phase arg (H (λ1)),
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Wherein, G (s) is the power system open-loop transfer function containing photovoltaic plant；
4.2 calculate photovoltaic plant additional damping controller lead-lag compensating parameter T according to formula (4)1、T2：
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In formula, the phase of θ compensation for needed for, ω1For underdamping section low frequency oscillation mode frequency, α T2、T1Ratio；
S=λ known to 4.3 bases1, blocking time constant TW, lead-lag compensating parameter T1And T2And the additional resistance of photovoltaic plant
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