CN107607439A - A kind of transmission pressure icing type automatic identification equipment and recognition methods - Google Patents
A kind of transmission pressure icing type automatic identification equipment and recognition methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN107607439A CN107607439A CN201710724017.5A CN201710724017A CN107607439A CN 107607439 A CN107607439 A CN 107607439A CN 201710724017 A CN201710724017 A CN 201710724017A CN 107607439 A CN107607439 A CN 107607439A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of transmission pressure icing type automatic identification equipment,LCR high-acruracy surveys instrument and temperature measuring equipment including being arranged on icing sample both ends,Icing sample includes wire,Inside wire capacitor plate A and capacitor plate B are disposed with along current direction,A pair of temperature sensors are provided with wire between capacitor plate A and capacitor plate B,Temperature sensor wires are connected through capacitor plate A with temperature measuring equipment,Capacitor plate B and capacitor plate A is connected with LCR high-acruracy survey instrument,Wire both ends also pass through shaft coupling and motor connection,Identification process sets the parameter of LCR high-acruracy survey instrument first,It is set to apply different frequency parameter to capacitor plate A and capacitor plate B,Then icing sample data is gathered,The relation established between dielectric constant values and icing sample rate,And then judge icing type,The present invention solves the problems, such as to cannot be distinguished by icing type present in prior art in monitoring transmission line icing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of transmission line icing measurement, particularly relates to a device for automatically identifying the icing type of a transmission conductor, and also relates to a method for automatically identifying the icing type of the transmission conductor.
Background
The transmission line icing can cause extremely serious threat to the safe operation of electric wire netting, often cause the wire to wave, the sag descends, short circuit discharge, disconnected line strand break, the gold utensil damages, accidents such as the wire jump that comes off ice in different periods and shaft tower collapse, very easily cause outdoor power equipment to damage, and to high tension transmission line, communication line harm is very big, seriously harm electric power system's safe operation, and the accident happens mostly in winter or early spring season, sometimes because receive the influence of ice and snow weather, can drag the rush-repair progress slowly, make the time of recovering the power supply prolonged, cause resident's life inconvenience, can cause huge economic loss sometimes even.
The ice and snow cover of the power transmission line threatens the safe and reliable operation of the power and communication network, the influence of ice damage resistance on a power grid system is continuously researched and explored at home and abroad for decades, a series of deep researches are made on the formation conditions of the atmospheric ice cover, different types of ice cover mechanisms and ice prevention and removal measures, and corresponding design standards and specifications are made in the line design stage. However, the hazards created are different due to the different types of ice coating under different environmental conditions. The ice coating types can be roughly divided into soft rime, hard rime and rime according to the density from low to high; its damage to electrical equipment is also increasing with increasing density. Wherein, because density has influenced the inside ice crystal structure of ice sheet, the monitoring to different icing types that leads to, judge and appear the error, can be serious influence the staff better go to carry out anti-icing, deicing work. Therefore, the method for measuring the dielectric constant of the icing sample and the obtained result have great significance for the classification and monitoring of the icing of the overhead transmission line.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic identification device for the icing type of a transmission conductor, which solves the problem that the icing type cannot be distinguished in the icing monitoring of a transmission line in the prior art.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for automatically identifying the type of ice coating on a power transmission conductor.
The first technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the automatic identification device for the icing type of the transmission conductor comprises an LCR high-precision measuring instrument and a temperature measuring device which are arranged at two ends of an icing sample, and a data processing terminal is connected between the LCR high-precision measuring instrument and the temperature measuring device through an RS232 connecting wire 4.
The first technical aspect of the present invention is also characterized in that,
the icing sample comprises a lead, a capacitor plate A and a capacitor plate B are sequentially arranged in the lead along the current flowing direction, a pair of temperature sensors is arranged on the lead between the capacitor plate A and the capacitor plate B and connected with a temperature sensor lead, the temperature sensor lead penetrates through the capacitor plate A to be connected with a temperature measuring device, the capacitor plate B is connected with an LCR high-precision measuring instrument, the LCR high-precision measuring instrument is further connected with the capacitor plate A, and the two ends of the lead are further connected with a motor through a coupler.
The capacitor plate B comprises an equal potential ring B, an aluminum ring, an insulating ring and an equal potential ring a which are sequentially designed as concentric circles, and electrode contacts are arranged between the insulating ring and the equal potential ring a and between the insulating ring and the aluminum ring.
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is that an automatic identification method for the icing type of the transmission conductor is implemented according to the following steps based on an automatic identification device for the icing type of the transmission conductor:
step 1, setting parameters of an LCR high-precision measuring instrument to apply different frequency parameters to a capacitor plate A and a capacitor plate B;
step 2, collecting icing sample data, and establishing a relation between a dielectric constant value and the density of the icing sample;
and 3, judging the icing type according to the relation between the dielectric constant value obtained in the step 2 and the density of the icing sample.
The second technical aspect of the present invention is also characterized in that,
the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of applying an electric field with certain strength between two capacitor plates, adjusting an LCR high-precision measuring instrument to required frequency under the electric field distribution interval of the two capacitor plates, carrying out data acquisition on the dielectric constants of ice coating samples of ice-air with different volume fractions until the ice coating thickness reaches an external source of the capacitor plate A, measuring the dielectric constants of the different ice coating samples, and establishing a relation between the sample dielectric constant and the density thereof:
the relationship between the dielectric constant and the capacitance of different media can be expressed as follows:
in the above formula, ∈ x The dielectric permittivity between the capacitor plate A and the capacitor plate B is shown;
ε 0 represents the dielectric constant of the vacuum medium;
a represents the cross-sectional area of the capacitor plate A;
l represents the distance between the capacitor plate A and the capacitor plate B;
in the process that the thickness of the ice coating is increased from the equipotential ring b to the equipotential ring a, the density and the dielectric constant value under different states in the increasing process are recorded in real time, and the density-dielectric constant function relation is fitted through experimental data.
The electric field strength applied between the two capacitor plates in step 2 is E =10V.
Dielectric constant epsilon of vacuum medium in step 2 0 Taking the value as epsilon 0 ＝8.854*10 -12 F/m。
Step 3, the specific judgment of the icing type is as follows:
when the density is 800-900 kg/m3, the ice coating type is rime type; when the density is 600-800 kg/m3, the ice coating type is rime type; when the density is 300-600 kg/m <3 >, the ice coating type is soft rime type; when the density is between <300kg/m3, the icing type is a frost type.
The method has the advantages that the method for automatically identifying the icing type of the transmission conductor is based on the principle of the electrical difference characteristic between an icing sample and air, measures the dielectric constant of the icing sample by adopting a capacitance method, collects the icing sample data, establishes the relation between the dielectric constant value and the density of the icing sample, and rapidly and accurately judges the icing type according to the relation between the dielectric constant value and the density of the icing sample.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an automatic transmission conductor ice coating type recognition device according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a dielectric constant measuring unit in the automatic transmission conductor ice coating type identification device of the invention.
In the figure, 1.LCR high-precision measuring instrument, 2.capacitor plate B, 3.data processing terminal, 4.RS232 connecting wire, 5.temperature measuring device, 6.conducting wire, 7. Capacitor plate A,8. Temperature sensor lead wire, 9. Temperature sensor, 10. Icing sample, 11. Aluminum ring, 12. Insulating ring, 13. Potential ring a,14. Electrode contact, 15. Coupling, 16. Motor, 17. Potential ring B.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention discloses an automatic identification device for the icing type of a transmission conductor, which has a structure shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises an LCR high-precision measuring instrument 1 and a temperature measuring device 5 which are arranged at two ends of an icing sample 10, wherein a data processing terminal 3 is connected between the LCR high-precision measuring instrument 1 and the temperature measuring device 5 through an RS232 connecting wire 4.
Icing sample 10 includes wire 6, wire 6 is inside to have set gradually electric capacity polar plate A7 and electric capacity polar plate B2 along the current flow direction, be provided with a pair of temperature sensor 9 on the wire between electric capacity polar plate A7 and electric capacity polar plate B2, temperature sensor 9 is connected with temperature sensor lead wire 8, temperature sensor lead wire 8 passes electric capacity polar plate A7 and is connected with temperature measuring device 5, electric capacity polar plate B2 is connected with LCR high accuracy measuring apparatu 1, LCR high accuracy measuring apparatu 1 still is connected with electric capacity polar plate A7, 6 both ends of wire still are connected with motor 16 through shaft coupling 15.
The capacitor plate B2 comprises an equal potential ring B17, an aluminum ring 11, an insulating ring 12 and an equal potential ring a13 which are designed to be concentric circles in sequence, and electrode contacts 14 are arranged between the insulating ring 12 and the equal potential ring a13 and between the insulating ring 12 and the aluminum ring 11.
A method for automatically identifying the icing type of a transmission conductor is based on an automatic identification device for the icing type of the transmission conductor and is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, setting parameters of an LCR high-precision measuring instrument 1 to apply different frequency parameters to a capacitor plate A7 and a capacitor plate B2;
step 2, collecting data of the icing sample 10, and establishing a relation between the dielectric constant value and the density of the icing sample 10, wherein the relation specifically comprises the following steps:
through the electric field to applying certain intensity between two electric capacity polar plates, the electric field intensity of applying between two electric capacity polar plates is E =10V, under two polar plate electric field distribution intervals, adjust LCR high accuracy measuring apparatu 1 to required frequency, carry out data acquisition to the icing sample 10 dielectric constant of different volume fractions ice-air, until icing thickness reaches electric capacity polar plate A7 external source, survey different icing sample 10 dielectric constant, establish the relation between sample dielectric constant and its density:
the relationship between the dielectric constant and the capacitance of different media can be expressed as follows:
in the above formula, ∈ x The dielectric permittivity between the capacitor plate A7 and the capacitor plate B2 is shown;
ε 0 denotes the dielectric constant, ε, of a vacuum medium 0 Taking the value as epsilon 0 ＝8.854*10 -12 F/m；
A represents the cross-sectional area of the capacitor plate A7;
l represents the distance between the capacitor plate A7 and the capacitor plate B2;
in the process that the thickness of the ice coating is increased from the equipotential ring b17 to the equipotential ring a13, the density and the dielectric constant value under different states in the increasing process are recorded in real time, and the density-dielectric constant functional relation is fitted through experimental data;
and 3, judging the icing type according to the relation between the dielectric constant value obtained in the step 2 and the density of the icing sample 10, wherein the specific judgment of the icing type is as follows:
when the density is 800-900 kg/m3, the ice coating type is rime type; when the density is 600-800 kg/m <3 >, the icing type is rime type; when the density is 300-600 kg/m <3 >, the ice coating type is soft rime type; when the density is between <300kg/m3, the icing type is a frost type.
The invention relates to a method for automatically identifying the icing type of a transmission conductor, which can adjust icing meteorological parameters to simulate natural icing working conditions in a climatic laboratory, and firstly builds a dielectric constant measuring unit: the lead 6 and the capacitor plate are connected in a clearance fit way through the inner diameter shaft hole of the capacitor plate and are connected in a seamless way through a rubber pad; the temperature sensor 9 is a patch type PT100 waterproof temperature sensor, is adhered to the surface of the lead 6 and leads out through the hole on the surface of the lead 6. The LCR high-precision measuring instrument 1 is connected with a stabilized voltage supply through the surface pole of the capacitor polar plate. After the monitoring unit on the wire 6 is built, the motor 16 is connected with the couplings 15 at the two ends of the wire 6, and the motor 16 is controlled to rotate uniformly at a low speed.
In the experimental process, the wire 6 is used for replacing an overhead wire, and the wire 6 is a low-temperature-resistant PE plastic pipe with the diameter of 4cm, the length of 0.8m and the thickness of 1.5 mm. The capacitance plate A7 and the capacitance plate B2 which are arranged on the lead 6 are adopted to measure the dielectric constant, the capacitance plate A7 and the capacitance plate B2 are formed by aluminum rings with the thickness of 1mm, and the inner diameter and the outer diameter of each ring are 4cm and 10cm respectively. Because the electric field in the middle of the capacitor plate is distributed evenly, the electric field lines are distributed approximately in parallel straight lines and limited by the shape of the electrode, the electric field lines at the edge can be expanded to the external space from the space between the plates, the electric field lines can be changed into open distribution from parallel lines, the electric field distribution is generally concentrated at the edge of the plate, and therefore the insulating ring 12 and the electric potential ring a13 are installed on the outer edge part of the capacitor plate B2 to eliminate the error influence of the edge effect, the electric insulation and the like on the experiment. The capacitor plate is connected with the lead 6 by the fit of the lead and the inner diameter hole of the capacitor plate-shaft clearance, the lead 6 passes through the inner diameter of the capacitor plate, and the connection part is tightly connected by a rubber pad. The distance between the capacitor plate A7 and the capacitor plate B2 is 15cm, and a stabilized voltage power supply capable of forming a stable electric field and an LCR high-precision measuring instrument 1 for monitoring the capacitance change of an ice sample between the capacitor plates are connected to the capacitor plates.
Since the dielectric loss factor and the dielectric constant are closely related to the temperature environment of the medium, it is necessary to monitor the temperature of the ice-coated sample 10. The surface temperature of the lead is monitored by adopting the surface mount type PT100 temperature sensor with excellent waterproofness and low temperature resistance, the surface mounts are distributed between two capacitor plates, in order to eliminate the influence of experimental errors, a plurality of groups of temperature sensor surface mounts are pasted at the same radial position of the lead by using heat conduction silicone grease with excellent heat dissipation, and the average value of the temperature values obtained by monitoring is used as the actual temperature of the surface of the lead. The monitoring of the surface temperature of the wire can quantitatively analyze the ice-coated ice-shaped structure and the dielectric constant at different temperatures, and a connecting lead is led out through a pore on the surface of the wire and is connected to a temperature measuring device 5.
The permittivity measured in the air medium by adopting the electrode configuration has enough precision compared with the vacuum medium, so that the measurement of the permittivity of the vacuum medium is not related any more, and only the experimental measurement of the dielectric constant of the ice-coated sample medium is carried out.
After the experiment platform is built, in a climatic laboratory, adjusting icing meteorological parameters such as ambient temperature, wind speed, diameter of released liquid drops and the like. Since only a few materials have a dielectric constant that is substantially constant over a wide frequency range, it is necessary to select a frequency suitable for the sample medium in a certain frequency range for measurement. Therefore, when the surface of the lead is coated with ice, the LCR high-precision measuring instrument 1 is arranged, so that different frequency parameters are applied to the capacitor plate, and the optimal measuring frequency is selected.
Since different ice crystal structures in the ice-coated sample influence the dielectric constant value of the ice-coated sample, the ice-air structure in the ice-coated sample has a relationship with the volume fraction and density of the ice-coated sample. Therefore, it is necessary to perform data acquisition on the dielectric constants of ice coating samples with different volume fractions of ice and air in a climatic laboratory, so as to compare monitoring data when the device is used for an actual overhead conductor, and quickly and accurately judge the ice coating type.
Since the values of the volume fractions of different ice-air in the ice-coated sample correspond to a dielectric constant value. Meanwhile, the ice coating type can be known according to the density of the sample, because the volume fraction of ice-air in the ice coating medium is different, the density of the measured sample can be directly influenced; for this purpose, in a climatic laboratory, the volume fraction of ice-air in the ice-coated sample on the surface of the wire is varied by adjusting the icing meteorological parameters, while the dielectric constant value is monitored. By continuously varying the ice to air component ratio, the magnitude of the dielectric constant corresponding thereto is collected, and a correlation is established between the dielectric constant value and the density of the ice coated sample.
Therefore, the dielectric constant of different icing sample media can be measured by the special dielectric constant measuring unit, the relation between the sample dielectric constant and the density is established, the ice-air component proportion interval in the sample can be known by reverse extrapolation of the measured dielectric constant, and the icing type can be known by the value range of the density of the icing sample.
The invention relates to a device and a method for automatically identifying the icing type of a transmission conductor, which are mainly based on the principle of the electrical difference characteristic between icing ice crystals and air, adopt a capacitance method to measure the dielectric constant of an icing sample, prepare the icing growth condition by adjusting weather laboratory meteorological parameters, and design a special measuring module for measuring the dielectric constant of an icing medium, such as: the ice coating type can be judged quickly and accurately by the capacitive sensor, the analog lead and the like.
Claims (8)
1. The automatic identification device for the icing type of the transmission conductor is characterized by comprising an LCR high-precision measuring instrument (1) and a temperature measuring device (5) which are arranged at two ends of an icing sample (10), wherein a data processing terminal (3) is connected between the LCR high-precision measuring instrument (1) and the temperature measuring device (5) through an RS232 connecting wire (4).
2. The automatic identification device for the icing type of the transmission conductor according to claim 1, wherein the icing sample (10) comprises a conductor (6), a capacitor plate A (7) and a capacitor plate B (2) are sequentially arranged in the conductor (6) along a current flow direction, a pair of temperature sensors (9) are arranged on the conductor between the capacitor plate A (7) and the capacitor plate B (2), the temperature sensors (9) are connected with a temperature sensor lead (8), the temperature sensor lead (8) penetrates through the capacitor plate A (7) to be connected with the temperature measurement device (5), the capacitor plate B (2) is connected with the LCR high-precision measurement instrument (1), the LCR high-precision measurement instrument (1) is further connected with the capacitor plate A (7), and two ends of the conductor (6) are further connected with a motor (16) through a coupler (15).
3. The automatic identification device for the icing type of a power transmission line according to claim 2, wherein the capacitor plate B (2) comprises an equal potential ring B (17), an aluminum ring (11), an insulating ring (12) and an equal potential ring a (13) which are sequentially designed into concentric circles, and electrode contacts (14) are arranged between the insulating ring (12) and the equal potential ring a (13) and between the insulating ring (12) and the aluminum ring (11).
4. An automatic identification method for the icing type of a power transmission conductor, which is based on the automatic identification device for the icing type of a power transmission conductor according to claim 1, and is implemented by the following steps:
step 1, setting parameters of an LCR high-precision measuring instrument (1) to apply different frequency parameters to a capacitor plate A (7) and a capacitor plate B (2);
step 2, collecting data of the icing sample (10), and establishing a relation between a dielectric constant value and the density of the icing sample (10);
and 3, judging the icing type according to the relation between the dielectric constant value obtained in the step 2 and the density of the icing sample (10).
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the step 2 specifically comprises:
through the electric field of applying certain intensity between two electric capacity polar plates, under two polar plate electric field distribution intervals, adjust LCR high accuracy measuring apparatu (1) to required frequency, carry out data acquisition to icing sample (10) dielectric constant of different volume fractions ice-air, until icing thickness reaches electric capacity polar plate A (7) external source, survey different icing sample (10) dielectric constant, establish the relation between sample dielectric constant and its density:
the relationship between the dielectric constant and the capacitance of different media can be expressed as follows:
in the above formula, ∈ x Represents the dielectric permittivity between the capacitor plate A (7) and the capacitor plate B (2);
ε 0 represents the dielectric constant of a vacuum medium;
a represents the cross-sectional area of the capacitor plate A (7);
l represents the distance between the capacitor plate A (7) and the capacitor plate B (2);
in the process of increasing the thickness of the ice coating from the equipotential ring b (17) to the equipotential ring a (13), the density and the dielectric constant values under different states in the increasing process are recorded in real time, and the density-dielectric constant functional relation is fitted through experimental data.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the electric field strength applied between the two capacitor plates is E =10V.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein said vacuum medium has a dielectric constant ε 0 Taking the value as epsilon 0 ＝8.854*10 -12 F/m。
8. The method according to claim 4, wherein the specific judgment of the icing type in step 3 is as follows:
when the density is 800-900 kg/m3, the ice coating type is rime type; when the density is 600-800 kg/m3, the ice coating type is rime type; when the density is 300-600 kg/m <3 >, the ice coating type is soft rime type; when the density is between <300kg/m3, the icing type is a frost type.
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| CN109752282A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-14 | 西安工程大学 | Icing sensor and its transmission line icing monitoring system and monitoring method of application |
| CN110146006A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-20 | 西安工程大学 | The monitoring device and monitoring method of electric power pylon deformation based on plane-parallel capacitor |
| CN111637839A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-09-08 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司昆明局 | Digital ice coating thickness measuring device and measuring method |
| CN111928768A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-13 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Device and method for detecting icing of crankcase ventilation pipeline |
| CN113324467A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-31 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Device and method for monitoring equivalent icing thickness of lead based on ice dielectric capacitance effect |
| CN115265350A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-01 | 重庆大学 | Method for detecting thickness and density of ice layer based on three-electrode cylindrical array capacitance effect |
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| CN113324467A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-31 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Device and method for monitoring equivalent icing thickness of lead based on ice dielectric capacitance effect |
| CN115265350A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-01 | 重庆大学 | Method for detecting thickness and density of ice layer based on three-electrode cylindrical array capacitance effect |
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