CN107592016A - Interleaved parallel bidirectional DC/DC converter and current equalizing device and method thereof - Google Patents
Interleaved parallel bidirectional DC/DC converter and current equalizing device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a staggered parallel bidirectional DC/DC converter, a current equalizing device and a current equalizing method thereof. Wherein the current sharing device comprises: the device comprises a voltage sampling circuit, a current sampling circuit and a control unit; the voltage sampling circuit is used for collecting the output voltage of the interleaved parallel bidirectional DC/DC converter; the current sampling circuit is used for collecting the total current of each branch of the interleaved parallel bidirectional DC/DC converter; and the control unit is used for reconstructing the branch current of each branch according to the output voltage and the total current, and adjusting the output duty ratio of each branch in a closed loop manner so as to realize the closed loop current sharing of the branch current of each branch.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic circuit technology field, more particularly to two-way DC/DC converters of a kind of crisscross parallel and its
Flow device, current equalizing method.
Background technology
Two-way DC/DC converters have the advantages that energy in bidirectional flow, control method are simple, topological structure is compact, make it
Have broad application prospects.Widely using particularly in high power system so that interleaving technique obtains
Quickly development.Interleaving technique because its have the characteristics that low current ripple, be easy to electromagnetic interference design, dynamic response it is fast and
Often it is applied to the larger occasion of some electric currents.
In the prior art, for the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel, due to the otherness of device therein, respectively
Module inductive current is unable to automatic current equalizing, needs additional ancillary hardware to carry out equal stream process, and stream process need to generally obtain it is each
The current information of branch road could be realized.It is such then cause circuit system it is complicated, cost is higher.Therefore, it is necessary to provide
A kind of design of the current equalizer of simplification, enabling reduce the cost of system.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel and its current equalizer, current equalizing method,
Microcontroller digital processing necessary to the current equalizer utilizes reconstructs the electric current of each inductive branch by algorithm, realizes inductance
Electric current automatic current equalizing, without ancillary hardware, and each branch current need not be tested, thereby simplify the composition and drop of system
The low cost of system.
According to the first aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of current equalizer of the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel, including：
Voltage sampling circuit, current sampling circuit and control unit；
The voltage sampling circuit is used for the output voltage for gathering the two-way DC/DC converters of the crisscross parallel；
The current sampling circuit is used for the total current for gathering each branch road of the two-way DC/DC converters of the crisscross parallel；
And
Described control unit is used for the branch road electricity that each branch road is reconstructed according to the output voltage and the total current
Stream, and closed loop adjusts the output duty cycle of each branch road, to realize that the closed loop of the branch current of each branch road flows.
It is further preferred that the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel include multiple power device bridge arms and one end
It is connected to multiple inductance at the midpoint of each bridge arm；
The voltage sampling circuit connects the other end of the multiple inductance to gather the output voltage.
It is further preferred that it is provided with sampling resistor, the current sample in the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel
The sampling resistor both ends are electrically connected to gather the total current.
It is further preferred that control unit is the control microprocessor of the two-way DC/DC converters of the crisscross parallel.
It is further preferred that described control unit includes branch current reconstructed module and equal stream process module；
Whether the branch current reconstructed module is used to judge clock count in each branch road according to the total current
Act on the midpoint of pulse, and obtain current value of the clock count at the midpoint of the effect pulse, by the current value divided by n so as to
Reconstruct obtains the current value of each branch road, and n is the number of phases of the two-way DC/DC converters of the crisscross parallel；
The stream process module realizes equal stream process using voltage control is determined.
It is further preferred that it is described determine voltage control include：
Target voltage and reference voltage are obtained into error voltage as difference, the error voltage is adjusted by pi regulator and exported
Obtain total current reference value；
The total current reference value divided by 2 are obtained into the reference current of each branch road；
It is poor that the reference current of each branch road is made with each branch current of the reconstruct respectively, obtains current control errors；With
And
Reduce the current control errors using pi regulator, and closed loop adjusts the output duty cycle of each branch road, with reality
Now equal stream process.
It is further preferred that described control unit also includes PWM control modules, obtained using the stream process module
Control signal controls the power device of the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel.
It is further preferred that described control unit also includes AD sampling modules；
The AD sampling modules be used for the current sampling circuit and the voltage sampling circuit are collected total current and
The output voltage carries out AD samplings.
It is further preferred that the two-way DC/DC converters of the crisscross parallel are set as the two-way DC/DC conversion of two-phase crisscross parallel
Device, and including tie point and the second branch road；The branch current reconstructed module is used for：
According to the current sampling circuit obtain the total current judge clock count whether tie point effect
The midpoint of pulse, and obtain the value of the total current when clock count reaches the midpoint of tie point, divided by 2 to reconstruct
The electric current of tie point；And
Half of the switch periods that is delayed and count have the function that the midpoint of the second branch road pulse when obtain currently described in
The value of total current, divided by 2 to reconstruct the electric current of the second branch road.
It is further preferred that the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel are the two-way DC/DC of crisscross parallel more than three-phase
Converter.
According to the second aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel, including：It is any as described above
Current equalizer described in.
According to the third aspect of the invention we, there is provided a kind of current equalizing method, for the equal of the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel
Stream process, methods described include：
Voltage sample step, gather the output voltage of the two-way DC/DC converters of the crisscross parallel；
Current sample step, gather the total current of each branch road of the two-way DC/DC converters of the crisscross parallel；And
Rate-determining steps, the branch current of each branch road is reconstructed according to the output voltage and the total current, and closed
Ring adjusts the output duty cycle of each branch road, to realize that the closed loop of the branch current of each branch road flows.
According to the such scheme of the present invention, the current equalizer need to only test the total current of each branch road, pass through algorithm
Reconstruct the branch current of each branch road and further realize and flow, so as to which the current equalizer is without ancillary hardware, simplify
System forms and reduces cost.
Further detailed description is done to technical scheme below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention
Beneficial effect will be further appreciated.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, forms the part of the present invention, is used for
The present invention is explained, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel and its current equalizer according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention
Structured flowchart.
Fig. 2 shows the structured flowchart of the specific composition of the current equalizer according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows the electric current of each branch road and effect impulse wave in Fig. 1, the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel shown in 2
Shape.
Fig. 4 shows that the branch current reconstructed module of one embodiment of the present invention reconstructs each branch road using total current
The flow chart of electric current.
Fig. 5 shows the block diagram of the specific composition of the equal stream process module of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is shown is applied to multiphase, the staggered two-way DC/DC of parallel connection of for example, n by the current equalizer of the present invention
The structured flowchart of fixed voltage-controlled stream process module during converter.
Fig. 7 shows the stream side of the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention
Method.
Embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the specific embodiment of the invention and
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described corresponding accompanying drawing.Obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention one
Section Example, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doing
Go out under the premise of creative work the every other embodiment obtained, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The two-way DC/DC conversion of the crisscross parallel first with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 description according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention
The current equalizer of device.Fig. 1 shows two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention and its flowed
The structured flowchart of device.Fig. 2 shows the structure of the specific composition of the current equalizer according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention
Block diagram.
As shown in figure 1, the current equalizer EQ includes:Voltage sampling circuit 1, current sampling circuit 2 and control unit
3.The voltage sampling circuit 1 is used for the output voltage for gathering the two-way DC/DC converters of the crisscross parallel, the current sample
Circuit 2 is used for the total current for gathering each branch road of the two-way DC/DC converters of the crisscross parallel, and described control unit 3 is used
In the branch current that each branch road is reconstructed according to the output voltage and the total current, and closed loop adjusts each branch road
Output duty cycle, to realize that the closed loop of the branch current of each branch road flows.
According to the such scheme of the present invention, the current equalizer need to only test the total current of each branch road, pass through algorithm
Reconstruct the branch current of each branch road and further realize and flow, so as to which the current equalizer is without ancillary hardware, simplify
System forms and reduces cost.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, the two-way DC/DC converters of 2 pairs of crisscross parallels of the invention and its current equalizer each portion
Divide and be described one by one.It should be noted that with the two-way DC/DC converters of two-phase crisscross parallel and its below for convenience of description
Stream device illustrates, but the solution of the present invention is clearly not limited to be applied to the two-way DC/DC converters of two-phase crisscross parallel, may be used also
With applied to the two-way DC/DC converters of multiphase interleaving more than three-phase.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the two-way DC/DC converters of the two-phase crisscross parallel include the bridge arm that Q1Q2, Q3Q4 are formed, the
One inductance L1 and the second inductance L2 one end are connected to the midpoint of two bridge arms.Q1 and Q3, Q2 and Q4 output current are present
180 ° of phase difference.
The voltage sampling circuit 1, for example, differential voltage sample circuit, for gathering the two-way DC/ of the crisscross parallel
The output voltage of DC converters.Specifically, the differential voltage sample circuit 1 is connected to the first inductance L1 and the second inductance L2
The other end, the output voltage is gathered using differential mode.
The current sampling circuit 2 is used for the total current for gathering each branch road of the two-way DC/DC converters of the crisscross parallel.
Specifically, the two-way DC/DC converters of the crisscross parallel two bridge arms intersection point, such as Q2, Q4 intersection point connection sampling resistor
One end, the both ends of current sampling circuit connection sampling resistor, so as to be sampled to the way circuit of each branch road.But
It is pointed out that the present invention also can not limited to this, as long as each branch road total current in the converter can be collected.
Described control unit 3 is used for the branch road electricity that each branch road is reconstructed according to the output voltage and the total current
Stream, and closed loop adjusts the output duty cycle of each branch road, to realize that the closed loop of the branch current of each branch road flows.Control is single
Member 3 can borrow the control microprocessor of two-way DC/DC converters.In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control
Unit includes branch current reconstructed module and equal stream process module；The branch current reconstructed module is used for according to total electricity
Stream judge clock count whether each branch road effect pulse midpoint, and obtain clock count and act on pulse described
The current value at midpoint, the current value divided by n are obtained into the current value of each branch road so as to reconstruct, wherein, n is that crisscross parallel is two-way
The number of phases of DC/DC converters, for example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel are two-phase
Circuit, i.e. n are 2.The stream process module realizes equal stream process using voltage control is determined.
Specifically, it is described determine voltage control include：The output voltage and reference voltage are obtained into error voltage as difference, led to
Cross pi regulator adjust the error voltage and export obtain total current reference value；The total current reference value divided by n are obtained described
The reference current of each branch road；It is poor that the reference current of each branch road is made with each branch current of the reconstruct respectively, obtains electric current
Control error；And reduce the current control errors using pi regulator, and closed loop adjusts the output duty cycle of each branch road,
To realize the equal stream process.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, described control unit further comprises PWM control modules, using described
The control signal that equal stream process module obtains controls the power device of the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel.
And in another preferred embodiment, described control unit further comprises AD sampling modules；The AD samples mould
Block is used to collect the current sampling circuit and the voltage sampling circuit total current and output voltage carries out AD samplings.
Fig. 2 shows the structured flowchart of the specific implementation of the control unit 3 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Fig. 2 described control unit preferably includes AD sampling modules, branch current reconstructed module, equal stream process module and PWM
Control module, for realizing the functions such as AD samplings, branch current reconstruct, equal stream process and PWM controls.Generally speaking, AD is adopted
Sample provides the current signal and voltage signal of system operation for equal stream process, and branch current reconstruct is passed through by total current information
Algorithm process obtains the current information of each branch road, the electricity for passing through each branch road without additional any sampling circuit, equal stream process
Stream information forces closed loop to adjust the output duty cycle of each branch road by algorithm control, and then is acted on by PWM output controls
Power device, realize that the current closed-loop of each branch road flows.It is pointed out that the division of each functional module is only logic above
Property, as long as above-mentioned function can be realized, do not limit the invention.Each functional module is specifically retouched below
State.
The voltage and current analog that the AD sampling modules collect voltage sampling circuit 1 and current sampling circuit 2
Signal is converted to data signal, so as to follow-up processing.The branch current reconstructed module is according to each branch current sample electricity
The total current signal and each branch current signal of effect impulse reconstruction of each branch road of combination that road obtains by AD sampling modules.
Specifically, Fig. 3 shows the electric current and work of each branch road in Fig. 1, the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel shown in 2
Use impulse waveform.As shown in figure 3, there are L1 branch currents waveform, L2 branch currents waveform, total current waveform, L1 branch roads to make in figure
With pulse and the effect pulse of L2 branch roads.The total current can be obtained by current sampling circuit, but software forces stream to need
The electric current of each branch road is obtained, at the midpoint of L1 branch roads effect pulse, the electric current of L1 branch roads is the half of total current, is acted in L2
The midpoint of pulse, the electric current of L2 branch roads is the half of total current, and the electric current of each branch road is obtained by software design patterns sampling time sequence
Information, idiographic flow can be as shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 4 shows that the branch current reconstructed module reconstructs the flow chart of each branch current using total current.Such as Fig. 4 institutes
To show, program enters electric current reconstructing decision logic, initially enters Sampling interrupt, and the total current is obtained by current sampling circuit 1,
Judge whether clock count acts on the midpoint of pulse in L1 branch roads, if not continuing to judge, until clock count to L1 branch roads
Midpoint, sampling, which refreshes, obtains current current value, and divided by the 2 electric current I1 for reconstructing L1 branch roads.Program time delay switchs for half
In the cycle to the midpoint of L2 branch roads, sampling, which refreshes, obtains current current value, and divided by the 2 electric current I2 for reconstructing L2 branch roads.Utilize
The above-mentioned each branch current reconstructed, further software reconfiguration goes out realizes corresponding control targe with control, that is, realizes corresponding
Equal stream process, specifically, as shown in Figure 5.Fig. 5 shows the specific composition of the equal stream process module of one embodiment of the present invention
Block diagram.As shown in figure 5, exemplified by determining voltage control and realize above-mentioned function, the output voltage Vout and reference voltage Vout_
Ref obtains control information as difference, and control information is adjusted until the stable state that error is zero or very little is missed by pi regulator
Difference, output obtain system control total current reference value Iref, the reference electricity that the total current reference value divided by 2 obtain each branch road
Flow I1ref and I2ref.Further, by the reference current I1ref and I2ref of each branch road each branch current with reconstruct respectively
It is poor that I1 and I2 makees, and obtains current control errors, and is controlled further across pi regulator, is gradually reduced control error.Afterwards, move
The duty cycle information of each branch road control is exported to state, so as to realize the purpose flowed with software mode pressure.It may be noted that
It is to realize that equal stream process is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention using voltage control is determined, can also use other modes, such as fixed electricity
Flow control realizes above-mentioned equal stream process.
The PWM control modules using the control signal that equal stream process is obtained by port d1, d2 output controls letter
Number, to realize the control to each power device, such as Q1-Q4.
Above by taking the control of the two-way DC/DC converters of two-phase crisscross parallel as an example, to the current equalizer and its realization side
Formula is described, as described above, the solution of the present invention is not limited to the two-way DC/DC converters of two-phase crisscross parallel, can also answer
For the two-way DC/DC converters of multiphase interleaving more than three-phase.Fig. 6 is shown the current equalizer application of the present invention
In multiphase, the structural frames of fixed voltage-controlled stream process module during the two-way DC/DC converters of the staggered parallel connections of for example, n
Figure.With the equal stream process of the staggered two-way DC/DC converters in parallel of the n shown in Fig. 6 correspondingly, reference current is correspondingly divided by n
To obtain, and obtained using n pi regulator, be gradually reduced control error.And each branch road control is dynamically exported afterwards
Duty cycle information, so as to realize the purpose flowed with software mode pressure.Its specific implementation and above-mentioned two-phase crisscross parallel
The equal stream process of two-way DC/DC converters is corresponding, then this is repeated no more.
Illustrate the current equalizing method of the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel of the present invention with reference to Fig. 7.Fig. 7 shows root
According to the current equalizing method of the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel of a preferred embodiment of the invention.As shown in fig. 7, described flow
Method includes:Voltage sample step S1, gather the output voltage of the two-way DC/DC converters of the crisscross parallel；Current sample walks
Rapid S2, gather the total current of each branch road of the two-way DC/DC converters of the crisscross parallel；And rate-determining steps S3, according to described
Output voltage and the total current reconstruct the branch current of each branch road, and closed loop adjusts the output duty of each branch road
Than to realize that the closed loop of the branch current of each branch road flows.The realization of above steps is seen above to the stream dress
The description put, here is omitted.
According to the such scheme of the present invention, the current equalizer need to only test the total current of each branch road, pass through algorithm
Reconstruct the branch current of each branch road and further realize and flow, so as to which the current equalizer is without ancillary hardware, simplify
System forms and reduces cost.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, for those skilled in the art
For, the present invention can have various changes and change.All any modifications made within spirit and principles of the present invention, it is equal
Replace, improve etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (12)
- A kind of 1. current equalizer of the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel, it is characterised in that including：Voltage sampling circuit, electric current Sample circuit and control unit；The voltage sampling circuit is used for the output voltage for gathering the two-way DC/DC converters of the crisscross parallel；The current sampling circuit is used for the total current for gathering each branch road of the two-way DC/DC converters of the crisscross parallel；AndDescribed control unit is used for the branch current that each branch road is reconstructed according to the output voltage and the total current, and Closed loop adjusts the output duty cycle of each branch road, to realize that the closed loop of the branch current of each branch road flows.
- 2. current equalizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in thatThe two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel include:The bridge arm and one end being made up of multiple power devices are connected to respectively Multiple inductance at the midpoint of bridge arm；The voltage sampling circuit connects the other end of the multiple inductance to gather the voltage of the output.
- 3. current equalizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that set in the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel There is sampling resistor, the current sampling circuit is connected to the sampling resistor both ends to gather the total current.
- 4. current equalizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that control unit is that the two-way DC/DC of the crisscross parallel becomes The control microprocessor of parallel operation.
- 5. the current equalizer as described in claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that described control unit includes branch current weight Structure module and equal stream process module；The branch current reconstructed module is used to act on pulse center point from each branch road electricity of the total current draw according to each branch road Stream, and obtain the current value at the midpoint of the effect pulse, the current value divided by n are obtained into the electric current of each branch road so as to reconstruct Value, n are the number of phases of the two-way DC/DC converters of the crisscross parallel；AndThe stream process module realizes equal stream process using voltage control is determined.
- 6. current equalizer as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that it is described determine voltage control include：The output voltage and reference voltage are obtained into error voltage as difference, the error voltage is adjusted by pi regulator and exported Obtain total current reference value；The total current reference value divided by n are obtained into the reference current of each branch road；It is poor that the reference current of each branch road is made with each branch current of the reconstruct respectively, obtains current control errors；AndReduce the current control errors using pi regulator, and closed loop adjusts the output duty cycle of each branch road, it is equal to realize Stream process.
- 7. current equalizer as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in thatDescribed control unit also includes PWM control modules, using described in the control signal control that stream process module obtains described The power device of the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel.
- 8. current equalizer as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in thatDescribed control unit also includes AD sampling modules；The AD sampling modules are used to collect the current sampling circuit and the voltage sampling circuit total current and described Output voltage carries out AD samplings.
- 9. the current equalizer as described in claim any one of 1-8, it is characterised in that the two-way DC/DC conversion of crisscross parallel Device is the two-way DC/DC converters of two-phase crisscross parallel, including tie point and the second branch road；The branch current reconstructed module is used In：According to the current sampling circuit obtain the total current judge clock count whether tie point effect pulse Midpoint, and obtain the value of the total current when clock count reaches the midpoint of tie point, divided by 2 to reconstruct first The electric current of branch road；AndHalf of the switch periods that is delayed simultaneously obtain current total electricity when counting and having the function that the midpoint of the second branch road pulse The value of stream, divided by 2 to reconstruct the electric current of the second branch road.
- 10. the current equalizer as described in claim any one of 1-8, it is characterised in that the two-way DC/DC conversion of crisscross parallel Device is the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel more than three-phase.
- 11. a kind of two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel, it is characterised in that including as described in claim any one of 1-10 Current equalizer.
- 12. a kind of current equalizing method, the equal stream process for the two-way DC/DC converters of crisscross parallel, it is characterised in that methods described Including：Voltage sample step, gather the output voltage of the two-way DC/DC converters of the crisscross parallel；Current sample step, gather the total current of each branch road of the two-way DC/DC converters of the crisscross parallel；AndRate-determining steps, the branch current of each branch road is reconstructed according to the output voltage and the total current, and closed loop is adjusted The output duty cycle of whole each branch road, to realize that the closed loop of the branch current of each branch road flows.
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| CN114257109B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-07-14 | 郑州轻工业大学 | NPC converter current sensor fault model prediction control method |
| CN116520932A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-08-01 | 团车互联网信息服务(北京)有限公司 | MPPT power distribution control method for solar automobile |
| CN116520932B (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-09-22 | 团车互联网信息服务(北京)有限公司 | MPPT power distribution control method for solar automobile |
| CN117175504A (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2023-12-05 | 深圳平创半导体有限公司 | Control method, device, equipment and storage medium of direct current power supply device |
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