CN107590360B - Neuron ion channel dynamic characteristic experiment platform based on FPGA - Google Patents
Neuron ion channel dynamic characteristic experiment platform based on FPGA Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of neuron ion channel dynamic characteristic experiment platform based on FPGA, and the experiment porch is using FPGA as slave computer, with the display and parameter setting for helping the man machine operation interface write with C++ to carry out ion channel dynamic characteristic waveform correlation.Wherein FPGA is used for the Realization of Simulation to model of ion channel, and host computer carries out parameter setting by man machine operation interface, and then analyzes the dynamic characteristic of neuron ion channel.Effect of the invention is with the FPGA neuron simulation experiment porch based on high-speed computation, realize testing without animal simulative for biological neuron, and the parameters such as film potential, the membrane area of neuron are set by the man machine operation interface of host computer, it can analyze the flash-over characteristic of neuron under different situations, and then analyze the dynamic characteristic of ion channel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biomedical engineering technology, especially a kind of neuron ion channel dynamic characteristic based on FPGA
Experiment porch
Background technique
Nervous system is made of large number of neuron, and it is nervous system that neuron, which is otherwise known as nerve cell,
Structural units and functional unit.Include different types of ion channel on neuronal cell film, it is logical to specifically include sodium ion
Road, potassium-channel and the leakage channel that control action is played to a little inorganic ion.Gate is dispersed on different ions channel
Albumen plays effect of contraction to by the ion in channel, this makes neuronal cell film have permselectivity to different ions,
The exactly this ionic selective permeability of neuronal cell film, so that neuron can produce electrical activity abundant.Nervous system
Numerous Premium Features it is invariably related with related Neurons electric discharge, therefore study neuron ion channel dynamic characteristic have it is important
Meaning.
In the mode of research neuron, Bioexperiment exists due to the baseline of its high cost and ethics
Certain limitation；And the special circuit development cycle is long, costly, is unsuitable for the flexible and changeable feature of neuroid；Therefore
High-performance hardware of the neuronal synaptic plasticity variation under neuroid is realized, is a completely new research direction.
Field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) technology is dedicated integrated electricity
One of field road (ASIC) semi-custom circuit engineering, which solve the insufficient and previous programming device doors of custom circuit
The limited problem of circuit number is gradually favored by the computational neuroscience field of object of biological nervous system.Relative to
The disadvantages of analog circuit platform development period is long, FPGA is because its integrated level is high, small in size, parallel computation, repeatable configuration, programming
Flexibly, the advantages that good reliability, low-power consumption, can realize the dynamic characteristic of neuron ion channel under actual time scale
Variation and analysis.Using the FPGA for capableing of concurrent operation, the emulation of neuron ion channel under actual time scale can be completed
And dynamic analysis, to avoid the mistake occurred in real animals experiment and cost can be reduced.In general, neuron FPGA is hard
Part realizes that technology has important application value at many aspects such as the calculating of class brain, artificial intelligence.
Existing technology is also in foundation phase, therefore there are still following disadvantages: there is no the perfect in shape and function based on FPGA
Dedicated neuron ion channel Research on Dynamic Characteristic platform；Compare with the simulation hardware model of ion channel structure that FPGA is realized
Simply, precision is not high；Man-machine interface is not perfect enough, can not carry out controlling operation and data analysis in real time, therefore hard to FPGA
The Operations Analyst of part neuron ion channel dynamic characteristic is relatively difficult.
Summary of the invention
In place of its above-mentioned technical deficiency, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of, and the neuron ion based on FPGA is logical
Road dynamic characteristic experiment platform allows the flexible light completion different ions channel density of researcher, membrane area, and different
Neural spike train characteristic under noise.Data are intuitively read by operation interface, for the information transmitting for studying neuron, information prison
It surveys, nonlinear characteristic provides Important Theoretic Foundation.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that providing a kind of neuron ion channel based on FPGA
Dynamic characteristic experiment platform, wherein the experiment porch includes: host computer, FPGA development board, neuron or model, it is described
FPGA development board includes USB communication module, fpga chip I, GPIO module I, GPIO module ii, and host computer has human-machine operation
Interface；Model of ion channel is established in fpga chip I, model of ion channel is designed by DSP Builder, and use structure
Language description is obtained by QUARTUS II compiling downloading；Its one side of man machine operation interface is opened by USB connecting line with FPGA
The USB communication module sent out on plate is connected, and then is communicated by the port I/O and fpga chip I, another aspect directly with nerve
Member or model, which are connected, carries out Real Data Exchangs, sets membrane voltage, the membrane area ginseng of neuron or model in man machine operation interface
Number, to adjust the ion channel state transition probability, the variation of ion channel state transition probability will lead to ionic conductance and
The variation of number of active lanes just can obtain the respective conductance plots of potassium ion, sodium ion by the variation of ion channel number, pass through
The ion channel state transition probability data being transferred in man machine operation interface, can show ion channel state transition probability
Situation of change, ion channel state transition probability embodies the stochastic and dynamic characteristic of ion channel.
Effect of the invention is that the Simulation Experimental Platform realizes modeling to potassium-channel, sodium-ion channel, design
Have both visualization and can operationalization man machine operation interface, improve the flexibility and exploitativeness of system, can be suitable
Time scale in complete emulation to biological neuron ion channel dynamic characteristic.In addition, the experiment porch can set mind
Membrane area and density parameter through member, and calculate and show the membrane voltage curve graph of neuron and the conductance song of every kind of ion
Line, to understanding that neuron discharges have important practical value at random.Neuron ion channel dynamic Characteristic Simulation based on FPGA
It is a kind of method of no zoopery, the application study of experiment porch worldwide belongs to the science and technology neck in a forward position
Domain.
The neuron ion channel dynamic characteristic experiment platform based on FPGA has following advantage:
1. hardware simulation model designed by, neuron models and model of ion channel can be kept in time scale
With the consistency of true biological neuron, chip maximum operation frequency is 200MHz, can satisfy actual nerve elementary time scale
It is required that providing the portable experiment research platform of more high speed to study the variation of neuron ion channel relevant parameter；
2. the parameters such as neuron membrane area, density parameter, film potential and noise intensity in platform can be by upper
Position machine interface is configured, and the various characteristics using computer user's operation interface configuration experimental facilities are completed；
3. man machine operation interface can observe the conductance variation of the variation of neuron membrane voltage, ion, and mind in real time
Through first flash-over characteristic, good visualization circle is provided for the neuron ion channel Research on Dynamic Characteristic platform based on FPGA
Face.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is experimental platform system structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is that ion channel of the invention calculates pipeline model；
Fig. 3 is potassium-channel human-machine operation operation interface schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 4 is sodium-ion channel human-machine operation operation interface schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 5 is neuron stochastic behaviour human-machine operation operation interface schematic diagram of the invention.
In figure:
1. 4. neuron of host computer 2.FPGA development board 3.USB communication module or model 5.FPGA chip 6.GPIO
7. 10. look-up table means of man machine operation interface I 8.GPIO 9. film potential of module of module, I 11. look-up table means II 12. are looked into
Look for V 15. look-up table means of table module III 13. look-up table means, IV 14. look-up table means, VI 16.K ion channel current
18. man machine operation interface II of 17.Na ion channel current, 19. man machine operation interface III
Specific embodiment
Content is to the neuron ion channel dynamic characteristic experiment platform knot of the invention based on FPGA with reference to the accompanying drawing
Structure is illustrated.
The design philosophy of neuron ion channel dynamic characteristic experiment platform based on FPGA of the invention is: building first
Vertical neuron or model 4, secondly establish model of ion channel on fpga chip I5, change noise by man machine operation interface 7
The parameters such as intensity, ion channel density, membrane area, show the membrane voltage curve graph of neuron on 1 interface of host computer, every kind from
The performance diagrams such as the conductance plots of son, and then achieve the purpose that the dynamic characteristic for analyzing ion channel.
The model of ion channel uses Euler method discretization in fpga chip I5, is complicated mathematical model equation
Formula carries out parallel computation, and assembly line thought substantially makes mathematical model be divided into several sub- calculating processes using delay register,
Within each clock cycle, every sub- calculating process can carry out different neurons, the operation of different moments, model data simultaneously
It uploads in 1 interface of host computer, and is transmitted with clock in time.In model of ion channel, different noise intensities, film surface are selected
Product, ion channel density, will generate different Neural spike train characteristics, parameter setting is inputted by man machine operation interface 7.
The man machine operation interface 7, writing for man machine operation interface develop realization using C Plus Plus, develop window by MFC
Body interface, software platform are Micro Visual Studio2010, and man machine operation interface 7 is able to achieve real-time data acquisition, wave
Shape is shown and Data Analysis Services.
Neuron ion channel Research on Dynamic Characteristic platform based on FPGA of the invention is by interconnecting FPGA development board 2
It is formed with host computer 1.Wherein FPGA development board 2 is used to realize model of ion channel, and host computer 1 is for designing man machine operation interface
7 and the data communication between FPGA development board 2 is realized by usb interface module 3, is illustrated below:
Neuron ion channel Research on Dynamic Characteristic platform based on FPGA:
As shown in Figure 1, being designed to hardware experiment platform, fpga chip I5 is using altera corp's production
Cyclone III EP3C120F484C8N chip, according to neuron ischemia expression formula and Mathematics Model of Ion Channel,
Digital Discrete is carried out using Euler method.Data input bus (DIB) receives the data of the setting of man machine operation interface 7 into hardware system,
The critical datas such as potassium, sodium ion current signal and ion channel number, film potential are uploaded to upper by data-out bus
Ion channel dynamic characteristic real-time display and analysis are carried out in machine 2.All data of neuron or model and model of ion channel
In unified synchronous operation lower always, discrete, fixed step size, fixed point based on module are write by DSP Builder for access
The ion channel pipeline model of number operation, through Quartus II software programming complete operation logic and program structure；Compiling,
Analysis integrated, placement-and-routing downloads in fpga chip I5 through usb interface module 3 and runs.
Potassium as shown in Figure 2, sodium Channel Current model, mainly by adder, multiplier and look-up table means
I, look-up table means II, look-up table means III, look-up table means IV, look-up table means V, look-up table means VI composition.Neuron
Include different types of ion channel on cell membrane, gate albumen be dispersed on different ions channel, to by channel from
Son plays effect of contraction, this makes neuronal cell film have permselectivity to different ions.In mathematics level, albumen is gated
Effect of contraction be equivalent to ion channel conductance g, ion channel conductance becomes a dependent variable, with ion channel activation become
Amount with inactivation variable variation and change, ion channel conductance g, ion channel reversion potential E and film potential V 9 co-determination
Ion channel current.Potassium current 16, sodium Channel Current 17, leakage current and because film potential change in membrane capacitance
The electric current of upper generation has collectively constituted a total current, formula description are as follows:
Each parameter is as follows:
Membrane capacitance: C=1 μ F/cm2
Ion channel back-emf: ENa=115mV, EK=-12mV, EL=10.6mV
Injection Current: I0
Ionic conductance: gK=NK(5)γK, gNa=NNa(8)γNa, gL=0.3mS/cm2
Other parameters value: DK=18/ μm2, DNa=60/ μm2, γK=20pS, γNa=20pS
Membrane area S is variable, determines the number of K and Na ion channel.
1) K ion channel
Each K ion channel is made of 4 N-shaped doors, and each door is by and off two states, therefore K ion channel is total
There are 5 kinds of state (S0,S1,S2,S3,S4), transition probability of mutually transferring are as follows:
βn(V)=0.125exp (- V/80)
The number of K ion channel is respectively N under each stateK(0), NK(1), NK(2), NK(3), NK(4), wherein NK(5)
It is K ion channel number in the conductive state, the sum of 5 kinds of state numbers are the total number N of K ion channelK(NK=DKS, DK
Ion channel density, S membrane area).
2) Na ion channel
Each Na ion channel is made of 3 m type doors and 1 H type door, therefore Na ion channel shares 8 kinds of states
(S0, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7), transition probability of mutually transferring are as follows:
βm(V)=4exp (- V/18)
αh(V)=0.07exp (- V/20)
The number of Na ion channel is respectively N under each stateNa(0)NNa(1),NNa(2),NNa(3),NNa(4),NNa(5),
NNa(6),NNa(7), wherein NNaIt (8) is Na ion channel number in the conductive state, the sum of 8 kinds of state numbers are Na ions
The total number N in channelNa(NNa=DNaS, DNaIon channel density, S membrane area).
When mono- timing of film potential V9, by look-up table means I, look-up table means II, look-up table means III, look-up table means
K ionic condition transition probability α can be calculated in IV, look-up table means V, look-up table means VIn、βn, the conversion of Na ionic condition is generally
Rate αm、βm、αh、βh, and then potassium ion, sodium ion this moment can be calculated by the ion channel of last moment conducting number and led to
Number is connected in road, and the size of current that can obtain ion channel, ion channel shape are calculated using multiplier and adder Module
State transition probability embodies the stochastic and dynamic characteristic of ion channel.
Man machine operation interface I7 as shown in Figure 3, designs human-machine operation circle with C++ programming forms in host computer 1
Face 7, fpga chip I5 are realized by usb interface module 3 and are worked with the data communication of host computer 1.C++ is visualization, by event
Driving, object-oriented high-level programming language, uses Mutli-thread Programming Technology when programming using LABVIEW.Multithreading
Technology may be implemented that data processing function can be taken into account when graph curve is shown, guarantee the implementation continuous acquisition of data.
Man machine operation interface II18 as shown in Figure 4, designs human-machine operation with C++ programming forms in host computer 1
Interface 7, fpga chip I5 are realized by usb interface module 3 and are worked with the data communication of host computer 1.C++ is visualization, by thing
Part driving, object-oriented high-level programming language, uses Mutli-thread Programming Technology when programming using LABVIEW.It is multi-thread
Journey technology may be implemented that data processing function can be taken into account when graph curve is shown, guarantee the implementation continuous acquisition of data.
Man machine operation interface III19 as shown in Figure 5, designs human-machine operation with C++ programming forms in host computer 1
Interface 7, fpga chip I5 are realized by usb interface module 3 and are worked with the data communication of host computer 1.C++ is visualization, by thing
Part driving, object-oriented high-level programming language, uses Mutli-thread Programming Technology when programming using LABVIEW.It is multi-thread
Journey technology may be implemented that data processing function can be taken into account when graph curve is shown, guarantee the implementation continuous acquisition of data.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of neuron ion channel dynamic characteristic experiment platform based on FPGA, which includes: host computer
(1), FPGA development board (2), neuron or model (4), it is characterized in that: the FPGA development board (2) includes usb interface module
(3), fpga chip I (5), GPIO module I (6), GPIO module ii (8), host computer (1) have man machine operation interface (7)；?
Fpga chip I establishes model of ion channel in (5), designs model of ion channel by DSP Builder, and use structural language
Speech description is obtained by QUARTUS II compiling downloading；Man machine operation interface (7) its one side is opened by USB connecting line with FPGA
The usb interface module (3) sent out on plate (2) is connected, and then is communicated by the port I/O with fpga chip I (5), on the other hand
Directly it is connected with neuron or model (4) and carries out Real Data Exchangs, sets neuron or model in man machine operation interface (7)
(4) membrane voltage, membrane area parameter, to adjust the ion channel state transition probability, the ion channel state conversion
Probability is to be stored in advance by memory RAM on FPGA development board (2), and realize in such a way that addressing is called, and ion is logical
The variation of road state transition probability will lead to the variation of ionic conductance and number of active lanes, just can by the variation of ion channel number
The respective conductance plots of potassium ion, sodium ion are obtained, are turned by the ion channel state being transferred in man machine operation interface in (7)
Probability data is changed, can show the situation of change of ion channel state transition probability, ion channel state transition probability embodies
The stochastic and dynamic characteristic of ion channel.
2. the neuron ion channel dynamic characteristic experiment platform based on FPGA according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described
Host computer (1) realizes the data communication between FPGA development board (2), the man machine operation interface by usb interface module (3)
(7) receive the electric signal generated by neuron or model (4) and the dynamic response generated by model of ion channel, pass through host computer
(1) after calculation process, the conductance plots of potassium ion and sodium ion and ion channel number under designated state are shown at any time
Change curve, the setting of model parameter, the selection of noise, the setting of ion channel density operation all pass through host computer interface (7)
It is configured.
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