CN107590319A - A kind of knowledge modeling method and system for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design - Google Patents

A kind of knowledge modeling method and system for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design Download PDF

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CN107590319A
CN107590319A CN201710730749.5A CN201710730749A CN107590319A CN 107590319 A CN107590319 A CN 107590319A CN 201710730749 A CN201710730749 A CN 201710730749A CN 107590319 A CN107590319 A CN 107590319A
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design
scheme
module
function
parameter
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CN107590319B (en
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方峻
徐新照
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of knowledge modeling method and system for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design, method and step is:The modeling of general function conceptual design knowledge is carried out first, establish function scheme template tree knowledge model and function scheme design instance model, then the design module of function or scheme is established, and establish and associate with function scheme template tree, establish checking function conceptual design model and the scheme inspection rule of Rational Parameters, each design module is combined in the form of the block process of restructural or flow of task, the model of conceptual design flow is established, realizes that parameter value transmits the guiding function with design process automatically;System includes function scheme Computer Aided Design module, block process Computer Aided Design module, flow of task Computer Aided Design module, design module control module, main system control module;The present invention can reduce knowledge Modeling difficulty, and provide and a kind of meet engineer's thinking habit, reusable knowledge modeling method and corresponding aided design system.

Description

A kind of knowledge modeling method and system for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design
Technical field
It is particularly a kind of for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design the invention belongs to Computer-aided Design Technology field Knowledge modeling method and system.
Background technology
Current enterprise all realizes the automation of engineering drawing drawing substantially, but in Scheme Design of Machine Product analysis side The automaticity in face is but very low, still largely relies on the experience of engineer.In consideration of it, generate KBE (KBE) Product scheme design technology, it is intended to storage and the product scheme design knowledge for reusing enterprise, and automated production conceptual design During some it is cumbersome and repeat work, so as to improve the design efficiency of product and quality.In order to establish meet certain (or Certain class) product design demand products scheme aided design system, it is necessary to initially set up the knowledge mould of this kind of product scheme design Type.Here so-called knowledge Modeling is exactly that will be present in the design information of outside according to certain method be converted into can be by product The knowledge model that scheme aided design system uses.
The conceptual design of engineering goods generally includes two main links:First link is to carry out function scheme to set Meter, determines the function and overall plan of system, determines subsystem, the function of parts and summary scheme;Second link be by According to certain design cycle step, on the basis of system and the summary scheme of each parts, respectively for the subsystem of composition Detailed conceptual design is carried out with parts, it is determined that the design and parameter of refinement, generate total arrangement and major programme grass Figure etc..The knowledge model of conceptual design should include the design process of the two links.Current engineering goods scheme is set Counting knowledge modeling method, there is problems with:
(1) relation between the main focus on concepts attributes of world knowledge modeling method such as existing " body (Ontology) ", Knowledge model is complicated, and the knowledge Modeling difficulty and workload during for product scheme design field are very big, are not easy to express product The procedural knowledge of conceptual design, it is less susceptible to be understood by mechanical engineer.
(2) traditional knowledge modeling method lacks the conceptual design knowledge and detailed protocol design process knowledge of function scheme Between contact, also result in the consistency problem of knowledge model, add the workload of knowledge Modeling.
(3) scheme design process knowledge model narrow application range, the product of a few model is usually applicable only to, and it is past Toward being encapsulated in inside Scheme Design System, user is difficult to adjust and changed, it is difficult to is reused in the conceptual design of new model product.
The above technical problem that there is currently need using it is a kind of meet mechanical engineer's thinking habit, reusable know Know modeling method, energy reduction procedure design knowledge modeling work, reduce the difficulty and workload of knowledge Modeling, and machine can be met The demand of tool product scheme design key link, so as to formed meet certain (or certain class) product design demand products scheme it is auxiliary Help design system.
The content of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a kind of knowledge Modeling for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design Method and system, to solve the problems, such as that the knowledge Modeling difficulty of existing method and workload are big.
The technical solution for realizing the object of the invention is:
A kind of knowledge modeling method for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, the modeling for carrying out general function conceptual design knowledge:Point of function and design is carried out for product Solution, establish function-plan template tree knowledge model of stratification;
Step 2, corresponding function and scheme node is extracted from function-plan template tree, establish the function of specific products Conceptual design instance model, form function scheme case library;
Since the top layer of function-plan template tree, formed according to the function of specific model product and design, successively Corresponding function and scheme node is extracted, forms the function scheme design instance model of specific model product;
The function scheme design instance model of different model product is established by the above process, forms function scheme case library;
Step 3, the design module analyzed for function or scheme detailed design is established, and built with function-plan template tree Vertical association, improve the relevant parameter table of design module;
Step 4, the scheme inspection rule for examining specific products function scheme to design a model with Rational Parameters is established, formed Scheme inspection rule storehouse;
From in function-plan template tree select corresponding function and scheme in the functional and set of scheme, respectively As the object in premise and conclusion, and specify premise and conclusion in function or scheme whether there is, or specified function or The relevant parameter of scheme and the comparison of known numeric value, different scheme inspection rules is established by the above process, form scheme Inspection rule storehouse;
Step 5, each design module is combined in the form of block process or flow of task, establish product scheme design flow mould Type, for realizing the transmission of each intermodule parameter value and the guiding of design process;
For there is the design module of relation of interdependence, each design module is combined in the form of block process, it is each to establish Contact between module;For the design module with strict sequencing relation, needs are defined in the form of flow of task The design objective performed successively.
A kind of system for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design, including function scheme Computer Aided Design module, block process Computer Aided Design module, flow of task Computer Aided Design module, design module control module, main system control module;
The function scheme Computer Aided Design module includes function scheme Computer Aided Design and set with evaluation submodule and function scheme Count knowledge Modeling submodule:
The function scheme Computer Aided Design is used to aid in product design personnel to complete engineering goods function with evaluation submodule The conceptual design of scheme, recommend Conceptual Design, and to designer establish function scheme design a model test and Evaluation;The function scheme design knowledge modeling submodule has the visual modeling function of function scheme design knowledge, is used for Establish the function scheme design knowledge model of certain class product;
The block process Computer Aided Design module includes block process Computer Aided Design and Parameter analysis submodule and module stream Cheng Jianmo submodules:
The block process Computer Aided Design is respectively set with Parameter analysis submodule for aiding in product design personnel to be gradually completing The detailed protocol design of module is counted, and by the automatic Transfer Parameters value of flow and performs design module, in order to quickly check design Influence of the change of parameter value to each function and scheme;The block process modeling submodule has visual design cycle Modeling function, the block process of specific product conceptual design is established in the form of flow chart;
The flow of task Computer Aided Design module includes flow of task Computer Aided Design and modeled to sub-module and flow of task Submodule:
The flow of task Computer Aided Design is respectively set to sub-module for aiding in product design personnel to be gradually completing in order The detailed protocol design of module is counted, scheme design process is guided in the form of guide, and automatic transmit is shared in order Design parameter value;The flow of task modeling submodule has visual flow of task modeling function, supplementary knowledge modeling Personnel establish flow of task model;
The design module control module is used to call user-defined design module, with user-defined design mould Design parameter is transmitted between block program, and the relevant parameter table for designing module can be conducted interviews and operated, so as to realize association The synchronized update of parameter list and the parameter value in design module.
The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage:
(1) modeling method of the invention is by " function-plan template tree " knowledge model, " function scheme design instance model " " scheme inspection rule " is combined, and forms a kind of function scheme design knowledge modeling for meeting mechanical engineer's thinking habit Method, the modeling difficulty of conceptual design knowledge is reduced, improve the reusability of conceptual design knowledge model.
(2) the design module using function and scheme is associated with the node of " function-plan template tree ", establishes function Contact between the conceptual design knowledge model and detailed protocol design knowledge model of scheme, the uniformity for solving knowledge model are asked Topic.
(3) each reusable design module is combined in the form of " block process " and " flow of task ", in order to design The modeling and reuse of procedural knowledge, solve the problems, such as the narrow application range of scheme design process knowledge model, form one kind Meet the design process knowledge modeling method of Scheme Design of Machine Product feature.
(4) the scheme aided design system based on knowledge modeling method of the present invention can fast and effeciently obtain setting for recommendation Meter scheme, the reasonability of test design scheme and evaluate design quality, and provide scheme design process guiding and from The function of dynamic Transfer Parameters.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the general steps flow chart of the knowledge modeling method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the method for expressing schematic diagram of function-plan template tree knowledge model for general function conceptual design.
Fig. 3 is the reality for the open type crank press conceptual design knowledge model established using function-plan template tree Illustration is applied to be intended to.
Fig. 4 is that the function scheme of certain specific model product designs a model example schematic.
Fig. 5 is two kinds of embodiment schematic diagrames of design module.
Fig. 6 is design module, relevant parameter table and the data relationship model figure of function scheme template tree.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram for the design cycle model established in the form of block process.
Fig. 8 is the composition structural representation of the system for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the similar case retrieval mode flow chart based on function scheme case library.
Figure 10 is the inspection and evaluation to be designed a model using scheme inspection rule and Design In Axiomatic Design method to function scheme Flow chart.
Figure 11 is the recursive procedure that block process control program performs design module and Transfer Parameters value automatically.
Figure 12 is the operation principle and working method schematic diagram of flow of task.
Figure 13 is one embodiment of the system progress scheme Computer Aided Design for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design.
Embodiment
In order to illustrate technical scheme and technical purpose, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment is done to the present invention It is further to introduce.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of knowledge modeling method for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design of the invention, including following step Suddenly:
Step 1, the modeling for carrying out general function conceptual design knowledge:Point of function and design is carried out for product Solution, establish function-plan template tree knowledge model of stratification.
With reference to Fig. 2, " function-plan template tree " is established to express between the various functions of certain class product and design The title of relation, product function or relevant programme represents with a node on tree, function-plan template tree be then certain (or Certain class) product function and respective design scheme set.The root node of tree is the title of certain or certain class product, then each layer Child node is alternately deployed according to the form of a layer function node, a layered scheme node, and the lower level of child nodes of " functional node " represents Design influential on the function, the lower level of child nodes of scheme node represent the function that the program can be realized.The most bottom of tree Node layer is scheme node, and function or scheme node allow to repeat.Function and scheme are according to the principle successively decomposed from top to bottom: The functional node of lower floor in tree be by upper-layer functionality Node Decomposition into subfunction node;The scheme section of lower floor in tree Point be by upper layered scheme Node Decomposition into subscheme node.
The design can meet that the probable value of upper-layer functionality requirement (that is, influences probability defined in each scheme node Value), as a foundation for recommending design.It is the decimal between one 0~1 to influence probable value, and its determination principle is as follows: If higher level's function has multiple scheme child nodes, but can only therefrom select a scheme as the scheme for realizing higher level's function, then this The probable value of a little scheme child nodes is all 1;If the program is to realize one of multiple required designs of higher level's function, Probable value is weight of the program to the influence degree of higher level's function, and weighted value can use expert graded to determine, can also Using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) (AHP), with other subschemes at the same level carry out significance levels two-by-two compared with and obtain weighted value.
Each function or scheme node can associate a design module, for carrying out detailed functions and conceptual design; Each node with design module has a relevant parameter table, the design parameter for store function or scheme.Association ginseng Number table establishes process such as step 3.
Function-plan template tree knowledge model is a foundation for carrying out product function Model Selection Scheme, and Fig. 3 is to use work( The embodiment for the open type crank press design knowledge model that energy-plan template tree is established, come below according to this embodiment The specific steps of functions-plan template tree modeling:
Function-plan template tree modeling comprises the following steps that:
1.1st, the title of deisgn product (such as open type crank press) is represented with the root node of function-plan template tree;
1.2nd, the function having according to such product, subfunction node, every sub- work(are added under the name node of product Energy node represents the One function title (such as sliding block reciprocating motion function) of the product;As needed, refer to for the functional node Determine relevant parameter (such as slider stroke), be usually the design requirement parameter of the function;
1.3rd, subscheme node is added under each functional node, each subscheme node represents influential on the function Design title, including the design of the function can be realized;
Such as equilibrium function can use spring balance arrangement or pneumatic equalizer, therefore in equilibrium function node Two scheme nodes of spring balance arrangement and pneumatic equalizer are comprised at least down;
As needed, it is the title of the design specified associations design parameter;
The design is specified to meet the influence probable value of superior node functional requirement simultaneously;Such as air-balance Device scheme, it is possible to specify relevant parameter:Equilibrant force;
The design is specified to meet the influence probable value of superior node functional requirement simultaneously;Such as equilibrium function can be with Realized by one of two schemes of spring balance arrangement or pneumatic equalizer, then the influence probable value of the two schemes All it is 1;Stroke adjusting device, crank shaft and connecting rod scheme all have an impact to higher level's stroke adjustment function, then these three schemes should Carry out value according to the weight to stroke adjustment function effect degree, weighted value can use expert graded or AHP step analyses Significance level in method compares to obtain two-by-two.
1.4th, subfunction node is added under the scheme node that step 1.3 creates, each subfunction node represents the program The One function title that can be realized, as needed, for the title of the functional node specified associations parameter;
1.5th, repeat step 1.3 to 1.4, it is functional with the establishment of scheme node until completing institute;
The design module and parameter of node association in Fig. 3 will determine in step 4;
The degree of refinement of function-plan template tree knowledge model is relevant with the requirement of conceptual design, and the knowledge model is can Expand, can increase new child node under each function or scheme node.
Step 2, corresponding function and scheme node is extracted from function-plan template tree, establish the function of specific products Conceptual design instance model, form function scheme case library.
With reference to Fig. 4, designed a model for the function scheme of specific products, be a subset of function-plan template tree, Function scheme design instance model is to carry out function scheme type selecting and a foundation of case-based reasoning, and its method for building up is:From work( The top layer of energy-plan template tree starts, and is formed according to the function of specific model product and design, successively extracts corresponding work( With scheme node, the function scheme design instance model of specific model product can be formed, it is desirable to one is at least extracted in each layer Node.
The function scheme design instance model of different model product is established by the above process, forms function scheme case library.
Specific products is commonly referred to as product (such as 100 tons of open type cranks of certain model of some concrete model of design Forcing press).Fig. 4 function scheme design instance model is a subset of Fig. 2 function-plan template tree.
Step 3, the design module analyzed for function or scheme detailed design is established, and built with function-plan template tree Vertical association, improve the relevant parameter table of design module.
In the present embodiment, design module is used for carrying out detailed design to the function on function-plan template tree and scheme, It is determined that main design parameter and function relevant parameter.Design module is for some work(on function-plan template tree Energy or scheme carry out a subprocess of refinement.
Establish comprising the following steps that for design module:
3.1st, according to the requirement of product scheme design degree of refinement, selected in the function-plan template tree created from step 1 The node of progress detailed protocol and Functional Design is needed, forms a node listing to be designed, the node requirements in list do not weigh It is multiple.
3.2nd, each scheme or functional node for more than in node listing to be designed, the detailed of scheme or function is determined Analysis process is designed, finds out design requirement parameter and design result parameter during design analysis.
Such as this scheme of the guide rail in Fig. 3, it is necessary to carry out the type selecting of guide rail and determine the key dimension parameter of guide rail Etc. design process, analysis process is designed for the detailed protocol of guide rail, design requirement parameter is nominal pressure, the main knot of sliding block Structure dimensional parameters etc., design result parameter are the type and key dimension of guide rail.
3.3rd, the detailed design for function above or scheme analyzes process and creates corresponding design module, each designs module The value of design result parameter is drawn according to the value of design requirement parameter.
" the design module " of function or scheme can have two kinds of specific embodiments, now be exemplified below:
A) using electrical form as design module, the calculating established using electrical form in detailed protocol design process is public Formula, conventional strategy parameter design computing function is completed, design requirement parameter, design result parameter and side in module will be designed Case design calculation formula is respectively stored into the respective cells of electrical form, with the address of cell or the title of cell come Instead of the design parameter in formula, content in relevant parameter table can according to the output result of electronic form unit grid it is automatic more Newly, as shown in Figure 5;
B) the design analysis for the complexity such as Model Selection Scheme reasoning, numerical computations, Parametric Drawing or knowledge processing procedure, Then using the program of high level language design analysis or knowledge processing, the content in relevant parameter table can be according to design module journey The output result of sequence and automatically update, as shown in Figure 5.
3.4th, the design requirement parameter in each design module established above and design result parameter are saved in design The relevant parameter table of module, the content of relevant parameter table comprise at least:Parameter name, parameter value, parameter type (input/output) With module I D (being used to be associated with design module).
3.5th, the function for more than in node listing to be designed or scheme specify a corresponding design module, so as to establish Design module associates with function-plan template tree.
As shown in fig. 6, each node on function-plan template tree can associate a design module, and each set Meter module has a relevant parameter table, therefore each node on function-plan template tree can associate an association ginseng Number table.
Step 4, the scheme inspection rule for examining specific products function scheme to design a model with Rational Parameters is established, formed Scheme inspection rule storehouse;
Whether met the requirements come the design result of checking function scheme and parameter using scheme inspection rule in the present embodiment, The object of inspection is the functional and scheme in function-plan template tree, can also checking function and scheme relevant parameter. Scheme inspection rule is made up of regular premise and conclusion two parts, and premise and conclusion have two kinds of expression-forms respectively:One kind expression Form is that one or more of premise or conclusion object (that is, function or scheme) whether there is, and another expression-form is work( The comparison of energy or strategy parameter value.The expression-form of scheme inspection rule such as following table:
The expression-form of the scheme inspection rule of table 1
Two kinds of expression-forms of above premise and conclusion can in any combination, therefore scheme inspection rule shares four kinds of expression Form.
The method of establishment scheme inspection rule is:
From in function-plan template tree select corresponding function and scheme in the functional and set of scheme, respectively As the object in premise and conclusion, and specify premise and conclusion in function or scheme whether there is, or specified function or The relevant parameter of scheme and the comparison of known numeric value.
The rule of expression-form one can be used for whether rationally designing a model for checking function scheme, when the premise or knot of rule It is whether reasonable available for verification scheme parameter during by using expression-form two.
Different scheme inspection rules is established by the above process, forms scheme inspection rule storehouse.
Expression-form one and expression-form two are explained respectively with reference to specific embodiment:
The rule of expression-form one can be used for whether rationally designing a model for checking function scheme, a test design scheme The embodiment of rational scheme inspection rule rule is as follows:
Regular premise:(YES) be present in " crank type slider-crank mechanism " scheme OR " bent axle " scheme;
Rule conclusion:(no) be present in " stroke adjusting device " scheme;
It is meant that:If there is " crank type slider-crank mechanism " or " bent axle ", then should not just there is " stroke tune Regulating device ".
It is whether reasonable available for verification scheme parameter when the premise or conclusion of rule use expression-form two, to examine Design parameter reasonability to the parameter value of function or scheme, it is necessary to be compared judgement, design parameter meets the side that rule requires Case is qualified scheme, therefore, the premise or conclusion of scheme inspection rule at least one must use (the function of expression-form two Or the comparison of strategy parameter value).Scheme inspection rule is the rule judgment that the parameter value in relevant parameter table is carried out.
The embodiment of the scheme inspection rule of one test design Rational Parameters is as follows:
Regular premise:" nominal pressure " parameter of " open type crank press ">160
Rule conclusion:(YES) be present in " equilibrium function ";
Its implication is:" nominal pressure " parameter of " if open type crank press " is more than 160 (tons), then function scheme There should be " equilibrium function " in designing a model.
Step 5, each design module is combined in the form of block process or flow of task, establish product scheme design flow mould Type, for realizing the transmission of each intermodule parameter value and the guiding of design process;
During the CAD of products scheme, designer is generally progressively right according to certain design cycle The overall plan and composition parts of engineering goods are designed analysis, and this design cycle generally comprises a series of subprocess, There is the relation of interdepending and parameter transitive relation, the execution of each subprocess between each subprocess also sequencing. As described in step 4, these subprocess are defined as reusable design module by the present invention, each to design module and function-side Some function or scheme node in case template tree is all relevant.For example, in Fig. 3, " Guide Rail Design module " needs " slider designs The parameter designing result of module ", it is therefore desirable to which the design result parameter of " slider designs module " is delivered to " Guide Rail Design mould Block ".
The present invention is according to the relation of design intermodule and the difference of parameter transfer mode, by the flow of scheme Computer Aided Design point For two kinds of forms of block process and flow of task:
For there is the design module of relation of interdependence, each design module is combined in the form of block process, it is each to establish Contact between module;For the design module with strict sequencing relation, needs are defined in the form of flow of task The design objective performed successively.
(1) technical characteristic of block process is as follows:
One conceptual design flow includes a series of reusable design module that priorities perform, and each design module includes Predefined input and output parameter, it is each design module between there is the transmission of parameter and incidence relation.Each design mould Block can have the input parameter from one or more modules, and parameter value can also be output to one or more modules;Mould Some design module in block flow allows to repeat.
The execution flow and sequencing of each design module defined in block process, while also define each module The inspection rule of supplemental characteristic transfer mode, transmission conditions and block process, its definition mode are as follows:
I) each design module has a relevant parameter table, by parameter type field come to specify the parameter in table be defeated Enter parameter or output parameter.Its data relationship model is shown in Fig. 6.
II) in block process, it is each design module and have 0~N number of input source attribute and output objective attribute target attribute (N >= 1), for representing the direction of transfer of design parameter;The value of each input source attribute is the separate sources mould of design parameter respectively Block, the value of each output objective attribute target attribute is the different output object modules of design parameter.
For example, as shown in fig. 7, " design modules A " has " output target 1 " and " output two attributes of target 2 ", its property value Respectively " design module B " and " design module C ", design modules A do not have " input source " attribute.
III) design module each output objective attribute target attribute have a data transmission state, for judging whether to design Parameter value is delivered to the output object module specified, and the value of data transmission state has two:Very (transmit), false (not transmitting).
For example, as shown in fig. 7, " design modules A " " output the attribute of target 1 " have one " data transmission state ", be used for Indicate whether output parameter being delivered to the " module (that is, designing module B) that output target 1 " is specified.
IV) design module each output objective attribute target attribute can define a transmission conditions, transmission conditions are one and patrolled Expression formula is collected, for judging whether the value of design parameter meets data transmission conditions, when the value of design parameter meets logical expression During the condition of formula, the data transmission state value of the output target is true.
For example, as shown in fig. 7, " design modules A " " output the attribute of target 1 " have one " transmission conditions ", it is assumed that use The form of electrical form establishes design module, then the value of transmission conditions is a cell address C5, defined in cell C5 The value of output parameter, when the return value of cell is True, is just delivered to the output mesh specified by one logical expression Mark module (that is, designing module B).
V) in block process, block process rule defines the transmission criterion of module data, in order to be set to foundation Meter flow test, be unsatisfactory for rule block process will be unable to run, block process rule expression way be premise or Some module in conclusion whether there is, and it is as follows to embody form:
● design module:The title of some design module;
● design module whether there is:Yes/No (alternative);
Rule conclusion:
● output source (or output target):The title of certain design module;
● output source (or output target) whether there is:Yes/No (alternative);
One is examined the embodiment of " block process " whether rational block process rule as follows:
Regular premise:(YES) be present in " slider designs module ";
Rule conclusion:(YES) be present in output target " Guide Rail Design module ";
It is meant that:If there is " slider designs module ", then an output target of the module should be that " guide rail is set Count module ".
Comprising the following steps that for conceptual design flow is established using the modeling method of block process:
A.1 the module needed is selected from all design modules of function-plan template tree node association, one is formed and sets The set (packet) of module is counted, for establishing the block process of specific products conceptual design;
A.2 for each design module, select to need the parameter transmitted, Cong Zhongfen from the relevant parameter table of design module The parameter of the module, and the parameter from module output Zhi Ding not inputted;Due to having determined that relevant parameter in step 3 Parameter in table, only need to specify the type (input or output parameter) of parameter here.
A.3 the module in being grouped for the module a.1 established, block process rule is established, forms block process rule base, Block process rule is used to examine the module in the packet;
A.4 according to the general flow of such product scheme design, the block process of such product scheme design is established, as The template of such product scheme design flow;
Specific implementation method is as follows:For each design module specified 0~N number of input source and output target (N >=1), pin To each output target, if necessary to according to condition transmission parameter values, then transmission conditions, when transmission conditions are set up, data are specified The value of transmission state is true.
For example, the conceptual design of open type crank press has an in general flow, one can be established and be applied to be somebody's turn to do Template of " block process " of class product as conceptual design flow, but for the forcing press of different model, due to have selected Different designs, " the design module " that " block process " includes should be also different, but can be in this design cycle mould Suitably adjusted and changed on the basis of plate.Generally " open type crank press population parameter Selection and Design module " is in " mould It is " the design module " performed at first in block flow ", main function is the type selecting for carrying out general design requirement parameter, therefore is not had " input source ", and its " output target " then has multiple, is other multiple " design modules " respectively, these design modules can be Determine after general design requirement parameter while perform, and be required for joining using the general design requirement of open type crank press Number.
One embodiment according to condition transmitted is as follows:
Assuming that one " output target " is " pneumatic equalizer design module ", then " passing for " output target " attribute will be somebody's turn to do Defeated condition " is set as a logical expression, for judging whether the value of " nominal pressure " parameter is more than 160, if it is will Output parameter value is delivered to " pneumatic equalizer design module ".Its realize effect be:When the nominal pressure of forcing press is more than 160 ton hours, just by output parameter value be delivered to " pneumatic equalizer design module " go forward side by side promoting the circulation of qi dynamic poise device design calculate. By defining " transmission conditions " of " output target ", different designs can be combined in one " block process ", according to Condition selectively operational process.
(2) technical characteristic of flow of task is as follows:
A series of design objectives with strict sequencing relation are contained in flow of task, each task corresponds to one Individual design module, the sequencing performed to design objective are numbered, and each design objective of composition is linear series.Task The operation of each design objective in flow has strict sequencing, numbers preceding task and first runs.Setting in each task Meter module allows to repeat, and has designed defined in module shared design parameter.
For example, appearance can be repeated several times in " design of gears " this module in one " flow of task ", but every time Input and output parameter value it is all different.
The basic step that conceptual design flow is established using the modeling method of flow of task is as follows:
B.1 the set of a design objective is created, comprising the design objective performed in order in set, is pressed for each task Execution sequence is numbered and named;
B.2 a design module is specified for each design objective;Different tasks allows have identical to design module;
B.3 shared design parameter is selected from the relevant parameter table of each design module, is added to being total to for flow of task Enjoy in design parameters, used for the design module of task below.
For example, one " nominal pressure " design ginseng is included in " open type crank press population parameter Selection and Design module " Number, the parameter are required for using in other multiple " design modules ", therefore can be shared parameter by the parameter definition, are added to In shared design parameters.
Also provided based on the above-mentioned knowledge modeling method for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design, in the present embodiment a kind of For the system of engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design, auxiliary product design personnel carry out the conceptual design of specific mechanical product, obtain The design of recommendation is taken, design is tested and evaluated, scheme design process is guided, while is had visual The knowledge Modeling function of change;
With reference to Fig. 8, the system uses the frame structure based on component, includes following functions module:Function scheme aids in Design module, block process Computer Aided Design module, flow of task Computer Aided Design module, design module control module, system master Module;
The function scheme Computer Aided Design module includes function scheme Computer Aided Design and set with evaluation submodule and function scheme Count knowledge Modeling submodule:
The function scheme Computer Aided Design is used to aid in product design personnel to complete engineering goods function with evaluation submodule The conceptual design of scheme, recommend Conceptual Design, and to designer establish function scheme design a model test and Evaluation;
The function scheme design knowledge modeling submodule has the visual modeling function of function scheme design knowledge, uses In establishing the function scheme design knowledge model of certain class product, including establish function-plan template tree, scheme inspection rule, work( Can conceptual design example.
In order to obtain the design of recommendation, function scheme Computer Aided Design uses the retrieval of similar case with evaluation submodule Method is retrieved in function scheme case library, and the product function selected according to user recommends corresponding design, is formed The function scheme of specific products as shown in Figure 4 designs a model.Fig. 9 is the similar case retrieval side based on function scheme case library Formula flow chart, system carry out case retrieval and recommend the embodiment of design as follows:
All scheme nodes are begun stepping through from the root node of function-plan template tree, list root node or certain scheme node k Under repertoire node for user select, node k functional requirement node set Ck is formed (if i.e., according to the selection of user Count desired function set), similarity retrieval is then carried out from function scheme case library, example is arranged by similarity Sequence, and find out the example most like with node set Ck.
Wherein, the calculation formula of similarity is as follows:
SMk=num_Sk/num_Ck
SMk:Design example and the similarity of function of the design requirement under node k;
num_Sk:Design example and the number of design requirement identical function under node k;
num_Ck:The function number of node k design requirement;
For each functional node s in Ck, if node s under the node k of similar case be present, by most like example Functional node s under scheme node as the scheme node recommended, and be ranked up by the influence probable value of node, Qi Tafang Scheme node of the case node as candidate, reason are that functional requirement is similar, realize that the scheme of function also should be similar;It is if similar Node s is not present under the node k of example, then by influence probable value to all schemes under s nodes in " function-plan template tree " Node is ranked up, by the scheme for influenceing the Sequential output recommendation of probable value from big to small.Scheme node of the user in recommendation On the basis of selected, the final scheme node set Dk determined under functional node s.
Recurrence is carried out by the above process, travels through each scheme node in function-plan template tree.Function scheme auxiliary is set Meter since the root node of function-plan template tree, successively recommends design side with evaluation submodule according to the function that user selects Case, progressively guide design personnel establish function-Project tree (i.e. function scheme design of specific products by the way of man-machine interaction Model).
Figure 10 is the inspection and evaluation stream to be designed a model using scheme inspection rule and Design In Axiomatic Design method to function scheme Cheng Tu.The function scheme for the specific products established according to designer designs a model, and system examines this function scheme to design first Whether model meets every rule in scheme inspection rule storehouse, then obtains every layer of function and scheme node, formed function- Scheme matrix, and consistency check is carried out to this function-scheme matrix using the method in Design In Axiomatic Design, if examined by rule Test and consistency check, then this function-scheme matrix is evaluated using Design In Axiomatic Design method, determine whether coupling moment Battle array, if it is finds out the function or method for causing coupling, while provides deletion or the suggestion of adjustment function or scheme;If work( Energy-scheme matrix is diagonal matrix, upper triangle or lower triangular matrix, then using the information content of the method calculating matrix in Design In Axiomatic Design (scheme to contain much information is more excellent), and export the evaluation result of design.For rational design, system can be by output Scheme node sequentially forms design module list, and design cycle model is created for follow-up, and for the thin of each module The conceptual design of change.
The block process Computer Aided Design module includes block process Computer Aided Design and Parameter analysis submodule and module stream Cheng Jianmo submodules:
The block process Computer Aided Design is respectively set with Parameter analysis submodule for aiding in product design personnel to be gradually completing The detailed protocol design of module is counted, and by the automatic Transfer Parameters value of flow and performs design module, in order to quickly check design Influence of the change of parameter value to each function and scheme;
The block process modeling submodule has visual design cycle modeling function, is built in the form of flow chart The block process of vertical specific product conceptual design.
The flow Computer Aided Design is automatically performed the anaplasia of each design module with Parameter analysis submodule using recursive algorithm The transmission of value, automatic running respectively design module and the operation result of output parameter are delivered into each output object module.
Figure 11 is the recursive procedure that block process control program performs design module and Transfer Parameters value automatically, is embodied Mode is as follows:
Examine whether current design flow meets regular requirement using the block process rule established first, use rule base In every block process rule the design module in current block flow is tested, if by rule inspection, The recursive procedure since the design module (module for not having " input source ") of each starting, simultaneously operating energy loss is opened on backstage The program assembly or electrical form of module relation, then read the output result of design module and update the association ginseng of design module Number table;If the output target of current design module exists and meets pre-defined transmission conditions, by current design mould The output parameter value of block is delivered to each output object module, is then passed for each output object module into next stage Return and (that is, continue to run with each output object module, and transmit output parameter value), repeat above procedure until each design mould Untill block is all without output target.
The automatic execution of above block process has the technical effect that:After the design parameter change of some design module, By running block process control program, the relevant design parameter of other correlation modules can be changed automatically.Block process controls journey Sequence can selectively transmit output parameter according to predefined transmission conditions and run output object module.
The working method of the block process Computer Aided Design module is:Knowledge Modeling personnel are using block process modeling submodule Block is established module and is grouped in advance, the design module of the restructural comprising certain (or certain class) product scheme design, and can be prior The template of conceptual design flow is established, conceptual design personnel are added necessary design module and flowed to design in being grouped with slave module Journey, and restructuring or adjusted design flow are needed according to the design of specific products;Conceptual design personnel are set using block process auxiliary Meter carries out detailed protocol design with Parameter analysis submodule to each design module, by changing the parameter of some design module, and Block process control program is run, quickly to check influence of the change of design parameter value to each function and scheme.
The flow of task Computer Aided Design module includes flow of task Computer Aided Design and modeled to sub-module and flow of task Submodule:
The flow of task Computer Aided Design is respectively set to sub-module for aiding in product design personnel to be gradually completing in order The detailed protocol design of module is counted, scheme design process is guided in the form of guide, and automatic transmit is shared in order Design parameter value;
The flow of task modeling submodule has visual flow of task modeling function, and supplementary knowledge modeling personnel build Vertical flow of task model.
The flow of task Computer Aided Design is to a key character of sub-module:Pass through the task flow of predefined Journey, flow of task control program guide design personnel are gradually completing the design objective of each design module in order;When from previous When task jumps to latter task, before the shared parameter value of design module of task can be automatically passed to latter task Design in module.For example, it is assumed that there is an entitled a shared design parameter in above task:A=30, if later There is parameter a again in the design module of task, its default value is also 30.
The operation principle and mode of flow of task control process are as shown in figure 12.After a design objective is completed (such as after opening a design module and completing the operations such as detailed protocol design analysis), automatically by the value of shared design parameter It is submitted to the working storage (internal memory) and database of flow of task, when performing next task, the design of next task Shared parameter value in module read work memory block or database, the shared design ginseng in module is designed before direct use Number.
The design module control module:For calling user-defined design module, with user-defined design Design parameter is transmitted between modular program, and the relevant parameter table for designing module can be conducted interviews and operated, is closed so as to realize Join parameter list with designing the synchronized update of the parameter value in module, embodiment is as follows:
The module exchanges data, User Defined using the form of component interface with user-defined design modular program Design modular program using unified interface be designed module control module call, design module in design parameter with one The form transmission of Hash table object, the key of Hash table are parameter name, and the value of Hash table is parameter value, user-defined design Module can directly invoke the method in above interface, and the content in relevant parameter table is conducted interviews and operated.
The main system control module is used to be called other intrinsic Computer Aided Design modules and access control, and is each The calling and data transfer of module provide interface.
In addition, function scheme design knowledge model library in Fig. 8 be used for store function-plan template tree and design module with The data of relevant parameter table;Case library is used for the design instance model of store function scheme;Rule base is examined for storage scheme Rule and block process rule;Flow of task working data base is used to store the shared design parameter data of each intermodule.
Figure 13 is one embodiment that a kind of system for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design carries out scheme Computer Aided Design, Figure 13 also reflects the working method and flow of this products scheme aided design system simultaneously.Computer Aided Design based on the system Process is carried out by the way of man-machine interaction, and the working method of system is:Product design personnel (user) newly-built first one Then the conceptual design project of individual new product, system are produced for the new corresponding memory space of conceptual design allocation of items The functional requirement selection of product, system recommend corresponding design by the similar case retrieval to function scheme case library, if Meter personnel can change the scheme of recommendation and form the function scheme of new product and design a model, and design side can be examined and be evaluated to system The reasonability and quality of case, then form the design module list for new product.Each design module can be used in carrying out carefully The scheme and parameter designing of change, designer can according to design module execution sequence and dependence, selecting module flow Form combines each design module, can also be adjusted and change on the basis of existing flow template, then by module stream The guiding of journey, the design of detailed protocol and parameter is carried out in each design module successively, then system operation block process, automatically Perform design module and in intermodule Transfer Parameters value, designer can check the change of design parameter value to each function and The influence of scheme, the change result system for design parameter value are examined using scheme inspection rule;Designer can also select The form using flow of task is selected, existing flow of task template is adjusted and changed, then starts flow of task guide, Detailed scheme and parameter designing are carried out in each design module successively, final system exports the design side of overall and each module Case and parameter, and form design report.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of knowledge modeling method for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1, the modeling for carrying out general function conceptual design knowledge:The decomposition of function and design is carried out for product, is built Function-plan template tree knowledge model of vertical stratification;
Step 2, corresponding function and scheme node is extracted from function-plan template tree, establish the function scheme of specific products Instance model is designed, forms function scheme case library;
Since the top layer of function-plan template tree, formed according to the function of specific model product and design, successively extracted Corresponding function and scheme node, form the function scheme design instance model of specific model product;
The function scheme design instance model of different model product is established by the above process, forms function scheme case library;
Step 3, the design module analyzed for function or scheme detailed design is established, and establish and close with function-plan template tree Connection, improve the relevant parameter table of design module;
Step 4, the scheme inspection rule for examining specific products function scheme to design a model with Rational Parameters is established, form scheme Inspection rule storehouse;
From in function-plan template tree select corresponding function and scheme in the functional and set of scheme, respectively as Object in premise and conclusion, and specify function in premise and conclusion or scheme whether there is, or specified function or scheme Relevant parameter and known numeric value comparison, establish different scheme inspection rules by the above process, form scheme and examine Rule base;
Step 5, each design module is combined in the form of block process or flow of task, establishes product scheme design procedural model, For realizing the transmission of each intermodule parameter value and the guiding of design process;
For there is the design module of relation of interdependence, each design module is combined in the form of block process, to establish each module Between contact;For the design module with strict sequencing relation, needs are defined in the form of flow of task successively The design objective of execution.
A kind of 2. knowledge modeling method for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that Function-plan template tree modeling comprises the following steps that in step 1:
1.1st, the title of deisgn product is represented with the root node of function-plan template tree;
1.2nd, the function having according to such product, subfunction node, each subfunction section are added under the name node of product Point represents the One function title of the product;As needed, it is the functional node specified associations parameter;
1.3rd, subscheme node is added under each functional node, each subscheme node is represented on the influential design of the function Scenario Name, including the design of the function can be realized;As needed, join for the design specified associations design Several titles;The design is specified to meet the influence probable value of superior node functional requirement simultaneously;
1.4th, subfunction node is added under the scheme node that step 1.3 creates, each subfunction node represents that the program can be real Existing One function title, as needed, for the title of the functional node specified associations parameter;
1.5th, repeat step 1.3 to 1.4, it is functional with the establishment of scheme node until completing institute.
A kind of 3. knowledge modeling method for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that Comprising the following steps that for design module is established in step 3:
3.1st, according to the requirement of product scheme design degree of refinement, select to need in the function-plan template tree created from step 1 The node of detailed protocol and Functional Design is carried out, forms a node listing to be designed;
3.2nd, each scheme or functional node for more than in node listing to be designed, determines the detailed design of scheme or function Analysis process, find out design requirement parameter and design result parameter during design analysis;
3.3rd, the detailed design for function above or scheme analyzes process and creates corresponding design module, it is each design module according to The value of design requirement parameter and draw the value of design result parameter;
3.4th, the design requirement parameter in each design module established above and design result parameter are saved in design module Relevant parameter table;
3.5th, the function for more than in node listing to be designed or scheme specify a corresponding design module, so as to establish design Module associates with function-plan template tree.
A kind of 4. knowledge modeling method for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that The expression-form of scheme inspection rule such as following table in step 4:
The expression-form of the scheme inspection rule of table 1
Two kinds of expression-forms of above premise and conclusion can in any combination, therefore scheme inspection rule shares four kinds of expression shapes Formula.
A kind of 5. knowledge modeling method for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that According to the relation of design intermodule and the difference of parameter transfer mode in step 5, the flow of scheme Computer Aided Design is divided into module Two kinds of forms of flow and flow of task:
For there is the design module of relation of interdependence, each design module is combined in the form of block process, to establish each module Between contact;For the design module with strict sequencing relation, needs are defined in the form of flow of task successively The design objective of execution.
A kind of 6. knowledge modeling method for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that Comprising the following steps that for conceptual design flow is established using the modeling method of block process:
A.1 the module needed is selected from all design modules of function-plan template tree node association, forms a design mould The set of block;
A.2 for each design module, select to need the parameter transmitted from the relevant parameter table of design module, therefrom refer to respectively Surely the parameter of the module, and the parameter from module output are inputted;
A.3 the module in being grouped for the module a.1 established, block process rule is established, forms block process rule base, module Flow rules are used to examine the module in the packet;
A.4 according to the general flow of such product scheme design, the block process of such product scheme design is established, is used as such The template of product scheme design flow.
A kind of 7. system for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design, it is characterised in that including function scheme Computer Aided Design module, Block process Computer Aided Design module, flow of task Computer Aided Design module, design module control module, main system control module;
The function scheme Computer Aided Design module includes function scheme Computer Aided Design and known with evaluation submodule and function scheme design Know modeling submodule:
The function scheme Computer Aided Design is used to aid in product design personnel to complete engineering goods function scheme with evaluation submodule Conceptual design, recommend Conceptual Design, and the function scheme established to designer designs a model and tests and evaluate; The function scheme design knowledge modeling submodule has the visual modeling function of function scheme design knowledge, for establishing certain The function scheme design knowledge model of class product;
The block process Computer Aided Design module is built including block process Computer Aided Design with Parameter analysis submodule and block process Mould module:
The block process Computer Aided Design is used to aid in product design personnel to be gradually completing each design mould with Parameter analysis submodule The detailed protocol design of block, and by the automatic Transfer Parameters value of flow and design module is performed, in order to quickly check design parameter Influence of the change of value to each function and scheme;There is the block process modeling submodule visual design cycle to model Function, the block process of specific product conceptual design is established in the form of flow chart;
The flow of task Computer Aided Design module includes flow of task Computer Aided Design and models submodule to sub-module and flow of task Block:
The flow of task Computer Aided Design is used to aid in product design personnel to be gradually completing each design mould in order to sub-module The detailed protocol design of block, is guided in the form of guide to scheme design process, and transmits shared set automatically in order Count parameter value;The flow of task modeling submodule has visual flow of task modeling function, supplementary knowledge modeling personnel Establish flow of task model;
The design module control module:For calling user-defined design module, with user-defined design module Design parameter is transmitted between program, and the relevant parameter table for designing module can be conducted interviews and operated, so as to realize association ginseng Number table and the synchronized update for designing the parameter value in module.
A kind of 8. system for engineering goods scheme Computer Aided Design as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the module Row control program performs the recursive procedure of design module and Transfer Parameters value automatically, and embodiment is as follows:
Examine whether current design flow meets regular requirement using the block process rule established first, with rule base Every block process rule is tested to the design module in current block flow, if by the inspection of rule, from every The design module of individual starting starts recursive procedure, and the program assembly or electronic watch of simultaneously operating energy loss module relation are opened on backstage Lattice, then read the output result of design module and update the relevant parameter table of design module;If current design module is defeated Go out target to exist and meet pre-defined transmission conditions, then the output parameter value of current design module is delivered to each Object module is exported, then enters next stage recurrence for each output object module, repeats above procedure and set until each Untill module is counted all without output target.
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