CN107585739A - A kind of vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device based on microwave reforming methane steam - Google Patents
A kind of vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device based on microwave reforming methane steam Download PDFInfo
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- CN107585739A CN107585739A CN201710766208.8A CN201710766208A CN107585739A CN 107585739 A CN107585739 A CN 107585739A CN 201710766208 A CN201710766208 A CN 201710766208A CN 107585739 A CN107585739 A CN 107585739A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to hydrogen manufacturing and hydrogen loading fuel automobile correlative technology field, it discloses a kind of vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device based on microwave reforming methane steam, the device includes the microwave source for being connected to cooling water of internal combustion engine case, it is vented economizer bank, crystal reaction tube, reaction tube metal sleeve, circulator and electronic tuner and short-circuit plunger, the exhaust economizer bank connects one end of the microwave source and the crystal reaction tube, the circulator connects the microwave source and the electronic tuner, the electronic tuner is connected by standard waveguide with short-circuit plunger, the other end of the crystal reaction tube passes through the resonator in the standard waveguide, the reaction tube sleeve is set in the crystal reaction tube and protruded from the part of the standard waveguide.The present invention is effectively utilized engine cool water system and exhaust heat to meet the requirement of a large amount of water of microwave plasma reforming methane steam hydrogen manufacturing needs and heat, and optimizes structure, improves methane conversion, has stronger practicality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydrogen manufacturing and hydrogen loading fuel automobile correlative technology field, and microwave weight is based on more particularly, to one kind
The vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device of whole steam methane.
Background technology
As people are to the attention rate more and more higher of atmospheric environment protection, as in one of atmosphere pollution primary pollution source
Combustion engine motorcycle tail gas discharges, and once causes diesel locomotive to be pushed to the teeth of the storm of public opinion, further such that energy-conservation and significantly
The drop of degree lines up the task of top priority for diesel locomotive industrial development.
Hydrogen only has pollution-free as the regenerative resource most cleaned, its product after peroxidization releases energy
Water, hydrogen obtained the concern of automobile power engineer because of this unique characteristic.The burning velocity of hydrogen quickly,
The heat that in-cylinder combustion speed then improves internal combustion engine can be improved after it is blended with gasoline, diesel oil or natural gas in internal combustion engine
Efficiency, meanwhile, hydrogen loading burning can promote gasoline, diesel oil or combustion of natural gas more complete, and caused noxious emission is less.
Therefore, start IC engine blend hydrogen burning occur in recent years, directly made using hydrogen as hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine of fuel etc. with hydrogen
The technology of power is provided for automobile for fuel, the exhaust emissions of automobile can be greatly lowered in these technologies.
But, on the one hand, hydrogen fuel is existed in the form of hydrogen in the Nature, thus hydrogen need from water or
Prepared in other hydrogen-containing compounds.Reserves of the methane as hydrogeneous degree highest hydro carbons and its on earth so that methane turns into
One of optimum feed stock of hydrogen making；On the other hand, hydrogen is difficult due to the reason such as self-molecules present radius is small, chemical property is active
In security and economy that storage and transport, highly difficult storage cause hydrogen to be used on automobile with high freight
All it is difficult to ensure that.
Existing hydrogen production process has the high compound hydrogen manufacturing of the hydrogeneous degree such as water electrolysis hydrogen production, catalytic thermal solution methane, methanol, is situated between
The methods of matter barrier discharge (DBD), corona discharge plasma hydrogen manufacturing, but mostly due to high energy consumption, feed stock conversion is low, hydrogen
Selectance is low or the reason such as device bulky complex is difficult to directly realize producing and applying for hydrogen on automobile.Emerging is micro-
The method of ripple plasma hydrogen preparing, because device is simple, it is easily controlled, and it is safe and receive more and more attention.
The technology of microwave plasma reforming methane steam hydrogen manufacturing is ripe in theory, but because the technology needs profit
With substantial amounts of water and heat, and caused hydrogen contains a certain proportion of carbon monoxide, causes the technology to be given birth in industrial-scale
It is not dominant compared with other method in production.In addition, relevant technical staff in the field have also been made some researchs, such as Chinese patent
01118721.2 discloses a kind of technique of microwave excitation methane reforming hydrogen manufacturing, makes methane by having microwave irradiation and being placed with electricity
The reaction zone of easy discharging substance under magnetic fields, and stop 1 minute~10 minutes, allow plasma pyrolysis caused by discharging substance
Methane hydrogen making；The high conversion rate of the methane of the technique, reaction are easily controlled, and have certain application prospect, but the system
Hydrogen methods compare dependence discharging substance so that device for producing hydrogen is complex and huge, and the hydrogen production process produces the same of hydrogen
When can generate substantial amounts of carbon granules and be attached on discharging substance, hinder continuing for reaction, be not appropriate for directly applying to automobile
On；And for example Chinese patent 201310007863 discloses a kind of microwave low temperature plasma of vehicle-mounted online hydrogen manufacturing and reforms gas system
System, the patent relate to cylindrical type and rectangular cavity, and the multi-direction method tangentially inputted generates eddy airstream in reaction chamber
To produce stable plasma, plasma acts on mixtures such as gasoline, diesel oil, alcohol, water and prepares hydrogen-rich gas again；
The invention with the addition of spark plug in the reactor chamber on the basis of microwave, form plasma using high voltage arc discharge, subsequently
Plasma is maintained with microwave again, there is certain practicality；However, the metal head of spark plug can hinder plasma
Development, gaseous mixture and action of plasma, reduction transformation efficiency, and spark plug can be also hindered to be needed more after reaching service life
Change, it is cumbersome；The Electric Field Distribution that microwave is formed in resonator is difficult to uniformly, to maintain stable space plasma, difficult
Spend it is larger, and it is multi-jet design with installation so that reaction chamber it is complicated, the stability of a system is impacted；If the hair of magnetron
Heat is not enough to heat gaseous mixture to sufficient temp, also needs the more efficient pre-heating system of design；Reformation hydrogen production process is except producing
Beyond hydrogen, a part of carbon monoxide, acetylene and carbon granules can be also generated, without further handling, if directly applying to hydrogen fuel
On battery car, then carbon monoxide must be separated from hydrogen, thus can produce the problem of new.
The content of the invention
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides one kind to be based on microwave reforming methane steam
Vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device, the characteristics of it is based on existing hydrogen production process, study and devise and a kind of be based on microwave reforming methane steam
Vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device and method.The vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device is effectively utilized engine cool water system and exhaust heat to expire
Sufficient microwave plasma reforming methane steam hydrogen manufacturing needs the requirement of a large amount of water and heat, and optimizes structure so that based on micro-
The hydrogen that the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device of ripple reforming methane steam realizes stability and high efficiency on hydrogen loading fuel automobile is produced and used.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device based on microwave reforming methane steam, institute
Stating vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device includes being connected to the microwave source of cooling water of internal combustion engine case, exhaust economizer bank, crystal reaction tube, reaction tube gold
Belong to sleeve, circulator, electronic tuner and short-circuit plunger, the exhaust economizer bank connects the microwave source and the quartz reaction
One end of pipe, the circulator connects the microwave source and the electronic tuner, the electronic tuner pass through standard waveguide
It is connected with the short-circuit plunger, formed with resonator in the standard waveguide；The other end of the crystal reaction tube passes through institute
State and the reaction tube sleeve protruded from after resonator, the reaction tube sleeve be set in the crystal reaction tube protrude from it is described
On the part of waveguide；
The microwave that the microwave source is sent successively after the circulator, the electronic tuner and the short-circuit plunger
Resonance occurs for the resonator to form local highfield；Water in the cooling water of internal combustion engine case flow through the microwave source with
The microwave source is cooled down, and high-temperature steam is formed to flow through the exhaust economizer bank from after microwave source outflow,
Thus, the high-temperature steam enters the crystal reaction tube and breakdown under the forceful electric power field action and form plasma
Torch.
Further, the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device includes natural gas tank, and the natural gas tank is connected to the quartz reaction
Pipe.
Further, the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device includes two flow controllers, and two flow controllers claim respectively
For first flow controller and second flow controller, the first flow controller connection exhaust economizer bank and the stone
English reaction tube, the second flow controller connect the natural gas tank and the crystal reaction tube.
Further, the first flow controller and the second flow controller are respectively used to control into the stone
The volume of high-temperature water vapor and natural gas in English reaction tube, the interior high temperature entered in the crystal reaction tube of same time
The ratio between volume of water vapour and the natural gas is 1:1.
Further, the crystal reaction tube includes body, is arranged at the steam jet of described body one end and is arranged at
The tangential nozzle of the body side, catalyst is also contained in the body, the steam jet is connected to described first-class
Amount controller, the tangential nozzle are connected to the second flow controller.
Further, the outlet of the tangential nozzle is oppositely arranged with the catalyst, so that the natural gas is described in
Tangential nozzle sprays to the catalyst.
Further, the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device includes filter, escape pipe and carbon granules tourie, the filter connection
One end of the reaction tube metal sleeve is protruded from the crystal reaction tube, the escape pipe and the carbon granules tourie connect
It is connected to the filter.
Further, the exhaust economizer bank is set adjacent to internal-combustion engine vent-pipe, to be added using exhaust heat of internal combustion engine
Hot water, and then water is formed water vapour.
Further, the short-circuit plunger and the electronic tuner respectively positioned at the crystal reaction tube it is opposite two
Side, make the microwave that resonance occur to form local highfield in the resonator by adjusting the short-circuit plunger.
Further, the distance between the crystal reaction tube and standard waveguide afterbody are a quarter of microwave wavelength.
In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, base provided by the invention
Mainly had the advantages that in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device of microwave reforming methane steam：
1. the water in the cooling water of internal combustion engine case flows through the microwave source to be cooled down to the microwave source, and from institute
State and form high-temperature steam to flow through the exhaust economizer bank after microwave source outflow, take full advantage of the remaining of microwave source and internal combustion engine
Heat, and the amount of heat needed for reforming plasma steam methane can be met well, the energy utilization rate of automobile is improved,
Realize the energy-saving and emission-reduction of hydrogen loading fuel automobile；
2. the microwave that the microwave source is sent occurs after the circulator and the electronic tuner in the resonator
To form local highfield, the high-temperature steam enters the crystal reaction tube and hit under the forceful electric power field action resonance
Wear and form plasma torch, not against sparking electrode and discharging substance so that structure is more simple, more suitable on automobile
Arrangement, and will not produce because of electrode damage, change integrity problem caused by discharging substance；
3. the distance between the crystal reaction tube and standard waveguide afterbody are a quarter of microwave wavelength so that reaction
The forceful electric power place that area is run through in resonator, makes reaction zone keep apart with waveguide pipeline section to prevent waveguide section from sustaining damage again.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device provided by the invention based on microwave reforming methane steam；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the crystal reaction tube of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device based on microwave reforming methane steam in Fig. 1
Figure.
In all of the figs, identical reference is used for representing identical element or structure, wherein：1- internal combustion engines cool down
Water tank, 2- microwave sources, 3- exhaust economizer banks, 4- flow controllers, 5- reaction tube metal sleeves, 6- circulators, the electronic tunings of 7-
Device, 8- resonators, 9- short-circuit plungers, 10- natural gas tanks, 11- crystal reaction tubes, 12- filters, 13- carbon granules touries, 14-
Escape pipe, 15- steam jets, the tangential nozzles of 16-, 17- catalyst, 18- plasma torch.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of invention described below
Conflict can is not formed each other to be mutually combined.
Refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production based on microwave reforming methane steam that better embodiment of the present invention provides
Device, the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device are effectively utilized engine cool water system and exhaust heat to meet microwave plasma body weight
Whole steam methane hydrogen manufacturing needs the requirement of a large amount of water and heat, and optimizes structure so that based on microwave reforming methane steam
The hydrogen that vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device realizes stability and high efficiency on hydrogen loading fuel automobile is produced and used.
The vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device includes being connected to 3, two microwave source 2 of cooling water of internal combustion engine case 1, exhaust economizer bank streams
Amount controller 4, reaction tube metal sleeve 5, circulator 6, electronic tuner 7, resonator 8, short-circuit plunger 9, natural gas tank 10, stone
English reaction tube 11, filter 12, carbon granules tourie 13 and escape pipe 14.In present embodiment, for convenience, described in two
Flow controller 4 is referred to as first flow controller and second flow controller.
The exhaust economizer bank 3 connects the microwave source 2 and the first flow controller, the first flow controller
It is connected by pipeline with the crystal reaction tube 11.The circulator 6 connects the microwave source 2 and the electronic tuner 7.
The electronic tuner 7 is connected to the short-circuit plunger 9 by standard waveguide, and 5 sets of reaction tube metal sleeve is put in the quartz
Reaction tube 11 protrudes from the pipeline section of the standard waveguide, and the electronic tuner 7 and the short-circuit plunger 9 are located at the stone respectively
The opposite both sides of English reaction tube 11, and both of which is horizontally disposed with.The crystal reaction tube 11 intersects with the standard waveguide, and institute
Crystal reaction tube 11 is stated to be partially housed in the standard waveguide.
One end of the crystal reaction tube 11 is connected to the filter 12 after passing through the reaction tube metal sleeve 5, separately
One end is connected to the first flow controller.The carbon granules tourie 13 and the escape pipe 14 are all connected to the filter
12.The natural gas tank 10 is connected to the second flow controller, and the second flow controller is connected to the stone simultaneously
English reaction tube 11.In present embodiment, the distance of the crystal reaction tube 11 away from waveguide afterbody is a quarter of microwave wavelength,
So that the forceful electric power place that reaction zone runs through in resonator 8, makes reaction zone keep apart with waveguide pipeline section to prevent waveguide section again
Sustain damage；Standard waveguide pipeline section between the electronic tuner 7 and the short-circuit plunger 9 is formed with the resonator 8, institute
State crystal reaction tube 11 and protrude from the reaction tube metal sleeve 5 through the resonator 8；The microwave is living through the short circuit
After the reflection of plug 9, incidence wave and back wave form a resonance high electric area in the standard waveguide, this in the standard waveguide
One region is referred to as resonator, and the reaction tube sleeve 5 is set in the portion that the crystal reaction tube 11 protrudes from the standard waveguide
To prevent microwave from leakage on point, the part being contained in the standard waveguide crystal reaction tube 11 and the resonator weight
Close, the part that the crystal reaction tube 11 is located in the resonator is directly exposed in highfield.
The crystal reaction tube 11 includes body, is arranged at the steam jet 15 of described body one end and is arranged at the pipe
The tangential nozzle 16 of body side, catalyst 17 are contained in the body, and the steam jet 15 is connected to the first flow
Controller, the tangential nozzle 16 are connected to the second flow controller being connected with the natural gas tank 10.This implementation
In mode, the catalyst 17 is Ni/Al2O3Catalyst.
During the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device work, the microwave that the microwave source 2 is sent is through the circulator 6 and the electric adjustable
After humorous device 7, the short-circuit plunger 9 is adjusted so that in the resonator 8 resonance occurs for the microwave to form local highfield.
Wherein, the circulator 6 is used to prevent the microwave reflection from entering the microwave source 2 and causing to damage；The electronic tuner 7
For adjusting the impedance of whole waveguide pipeline section so that microwave reflection power reaches minimum, i.e., as big as possible utilizes microwave energy.
Water in the cooling water of internal combustion engine case 1 flows through the microwave source 2 to be cooled down to the microwave source 2, and from
The microwave source 2 flows through the exhaust economizer bank 3 and forms high-temperature steam after flowing out, the high-temperature steam is through the steam jet
15 enter the crystal reaction tubes 11, and breakdown in forceful electric power place and form plasma torch 18.Wherein, the exhaust preheating
Pipe 3 is set adjacent to internal-combustion engine vent-pipe, to heat water using combustion in IC engine exhaust heat to form water vapour.
The natural gas that the natural gas tank 10 comes out sprays to the region of catalyst 17 through the tangential nozzle 16, with
Reforming reaction occurs in the presence of plasma for i.e. described natural gas, and mainly generates hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon granules and lack
Measure the products such as acetylene.Wherein, two flow controllers 4 are respectively used to control the flow of natural gas and high-temperature steam, and then
Control the volume ratio of the natural gas entered in same time in the crystal reaction tube 11 and high-temperature steam, it is preferable that identical
The volume ratio of the two is controlled 1 as far as possible under time:1 or so.Enter the natural of the crystal reaction tube 11 in same time
The product that the volume ratio of gas and high-temperature steam directly affects reforming reaction is formed, and the setting of the tangential nozzle 16 can make it
The natural gas of ejection preferably acts on the catalyst 17, the plasma torch 18, and does not influence the plasma torch
18 form, reaction is set continually and steadily to carry out.The catalyst 17 is located at the appropriate location of the plasma torch 18, to ensure
Contacting efficiency highest between natural gas, plasma and the catalyst 17, so that hydrogen production efficiency highest.
For reacted tail gas after the filter 12 and the carbon granules tourie 13 filtering, remaining main component is big
Hydrogen and a small amount of carbon monoxide are measured, is discharged after through the escape pipe 14 to supply on-vehicle internal combustion engine system.
Vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device provided by the invention based on microwave reforming methane steam, the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device are effectively sharp
With engine cool water system and exhaust heat come meet a large amount of water of microwave plasma reforming methane steam hydrogen manufacturing needs and
The demand of heat, and design and form highfield in regional area to puncture flow of steam at high temperature to form stabilization using microwave resonance
Plasma torch, the problem of installation caused by electrode and discharging substance is placed in reaction chamber and is changed is avoided, is improved
The conversion ratio of methane, hydrogen selectance is big, device and control system simple and stable, has stronger practicality.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principles of the invention etc., all should be included
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device based on microwave reforming methane steam, it is characterised in that：The vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device includes being connected to the microwave source of cooling water of internal combustion engine case, exhaust economizer bank, crystal reaction tube, anti- Should pipe metal sleeve, circulator, electronic tuner and short-circuit plunger, the exhaust economizer bank connects the microwave source and the stone One end of English reaction tube, the circulator connects the microwave source and the electronic tuner, the electronic tuner pass through mark Quasi-Waveguide is connected with the short-circuit plunger, formed with resonator in the standard waveguide；The other end of the crystal reaction tube The reaction tube sleeve is protruded from after through the resonator, the reaction tube sleeve is set in the crystal reaction tube protrusion In on the part of the waveguide；The microwave that the microwave source is sent is successively described after the circulator, the electronic tuner and the short-circuit plunger Resonance occurs for resonator to form local highfield；Water in the cooling water of internal combustion engine case flows through the microwave source with to institute State microwave source to be cooled down, and high-temperature steam is formed to flow through the exhaust economizer bank from after microwave source outflow, thus, The high-temperature steam enters the crystal reaction tube and breakdown under the forceful electric power field action and form plasma torch.
- 2. the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device as claimed in claim 1 based on microwave reforming methane steam, it is characterised in that：It is described vehicle-mounted Device for producing hydrogen includes natural gas tank, and the natural gas tank is connected to the crystal reaction tube.
- 3. the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device as claimed in claim 2 based on microwave reforming methane steam, it is characterised in that：It is described vehicle-mounted Device for producing hydrogen includes two flow controllers, and two flow controllers are referred to as first flow controller and second flow Controller, the first flow controller connection exhaust economizer bank and the crystal reaction tube, the second flow control Device connects the natural gas tank and the crystal reaction tube.
- 4. the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device as claimed in claim 3 based on microwave reforming methane steam, it is characterised in that：Described first Flow controller and the second flow controller be respectively used to control enter the crystal reaction tube in high-temperature water vapor and The volume of natural gas, the volume of the interior high-temperature water vapor entered in the crystal reaction tube of same time and the natural gas The ratio between be 1:1.
- 5. the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device as claimed in claim 3 based on microwave reforming methane steam, it is characterised in that：The quartz Reaction tube includes body, is arranged at the steam jet of described body one end and is arranged at the tangential nozzle of the body side, institute State and catalyst is also contained in body, the steam jet is connected to the first flow controller, the tangential nozzle connection In the second flow controller.
- 6. the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device as claimed in claim 5 based on microwave reforming methane steam, it is characterised in that：It is described tangential The outlet of nozzle is oppositely arranged with the catalyst, so that the natural gas sprays to the catalyst from the tangential nozzle.
- 7. the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device based on microwave reforming methane steam as described in claim any one of 1-6, it is characterised in that： The vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device includes filter, escape pipe and carbon granules tourie, and the filter is connected to the crystal reaction tube One end of the reaction tube metal sleeve is protruded from, the escape pipe and the carbon granules tourie are all connected to the filter.
- 8. the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device based on microwave reforming methane steam as described in claim any one of 1-6, it is characterised in that： The exhaust economizer bank is set adjacent to internal-combustion engine vent-pipe, to heat water using exhaust heat of internal combustion engine, and then forms water Water vapour.
- 9. the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device based on microwave reforming methane steam as described in claim any one of 1-6, it is characterised in that： The short-circuit plunger and the electronic tuner are respectively positioned at the opposite both sides of the crystal reaction tube, by adjusting the short circuit Piston makes the microwave that resonance occur to form local highfield in the resonator.
- 10. the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device based on microwave reforming methane steam as described in claim any one of 1-6, its feature exist In：The distance between the crystal reaction tube and standard waveguide afterbody are a quarter of microwave wavelength.
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| CN110062516A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-26 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of device of microwave plasma high-temperature heat treatment filamentary material |
| CN112158802A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-01 | 辽宁华融富瑞新能源科技股份有限公司 | Natural gas hydrogen production system |
| CN114456820A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-10 | 成都皓耘浩劢科技有限责任公司 | Biomass microwave heating method and biomass structure |
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| CN110062516A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-26 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of device of microwave plasma high-temperature heat treatment filamentary material |
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| CN114456820B (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-11-11 | 成都皓耘浩劢科技有限责任公司 | Biomass microwave heating method and biomass structure |
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| CN107585739B (en) | 2019-06-18 |
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