CN107576887B - Automatic positioning method of positioning system of electric energy quality disturbance source - Google Patents
Automatic positioning method of positioning system of electric energy quality disturbance source Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic positioning method of a positioning system of a power quality disturbance source, wherein the positioning system comprises a power quality management main station and power quality on-line monitoring devices connected with the main station through Ethernet; when an actual disturbance event occurs in the system, the power quality online monitoring device records the occurrence time of the disturbance source after detecting the disturbance event, informs other power quality online monitoring devices in the network in a broadcast mode through the Ethernet to start a disturbance wave recording system by taking the time as a reference, records the sampling data of N cycles before and N cycles after the time, sends the sampling data to a power quality management master station in real time, establishes a system coverage matrix and a system direction matrix through mutual cooperation among the power quality online monitoring devices, and then positions the disturbance source.
Description
The application has the following application numbers: 201510097288.3 entitled "a positioning system and a positioning method for disturbance source of electric energy quality", which is filed as follows: divisional application of the invention patent application on 3/4/2015.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of online monitoring of electric energy quality pollution sources, in particular to a positioning system and a positioning method of an electric energy quality disturbance source in a power grid.
Background
In recent years, with rapid economic development, power loads grow rapidly, power loads become more complex and diversified, and more nonlinear, impact, unbalanced and harmonic-rich application devices are connected to a power grid in sequence, so that the power quality of the power supply grid is affected to different degrees. In addition, the power quality problem is increasingly prominent due to the reasons of imperfect monitoring means, operation, external interference, various faults and the like.
Currently, the research focus related to the quality of electric energy in the power system is mainly focused on the following aspects: the method comprises the steps of identification processing of power quality signals, power quality evaluation indexes, the structure of a power quality on-line monitoring device and system, power quality control and the like. However, the technology for positioning the disturbance source after the power quality event occurs is also very important, which not only helps to reasonably solve responsibility judgment and disputes between the power department and users, but also has an important guiding function for the power department to formulate power quality alleviation and control strategies. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a set of remote and centralized monitoring and analyzing system for power quality, so as to analyze the indexes of pollution sources affecting the power quality, such as voltage or current temporary rise, temporary drop, short-time interruption and the like, and to find out the reasons affecting the pollution sources of the power quality in time, thereby ensuring the safe, reliable and economic operation of the power grid.
The existing method for positioning the electric energy quality disturbance source in the power distribution network mainly comprises the following two methods:
1. and a judging method based on the disturbance direction relation table. And writing a disturbance direction relation table between a disturbance source position and each power quality on-line monitoring device in the system in advance according to the arrangement condition of a network structure and the power quality on-line monitoring devices (PQMD) in the system. When an actual disturbance event occurs in the system, the disturbance direction is judged according to the measurement data of each monitoring point, and the relation table is compared with the relation table to realize the positioning function. The disadvantages of this method are: the disturbance source can be positioned only by manual comparison, and the working efficiency is low. Although automatic analysis can be performed through computer programming to realize automatic positioning of disturbance sources at present, in some cases (for example, the influence of disturbance sources on other lines on an electric energy quality online monitoring device, that is, positioning judgment cannot be performed by fully utilizing all branch information), precise positioning cannot be realized, and positioning accuracy and fault-tolerant capability are poor.
2. A symbolic type positioning method based on disturbance source direction judgment of single-measuring points or multi-measuring points. According to a single or a plurality of electric energy quality online monitoring devices arranged in the power system, disturbance source direction judgment algorithms corresponding to various event types are researched. For example, when a voltage sag event or a harmonic event occurs in the power system, the method based on disturbance power and disturbance energy, the method based on the real part sign of the equivalent impedance and the like can be used for judging whether the disturbance event occurs in the forward direction or the backward direction of the monitoring point. At present, scholars also provide an electric energy quality disturbance source positioning method based on a genetic algorithm, the method extracts high-frequency components by analyzing a disturbance signal high-frequency component generation mechanism and utilizing wavelet transformation, the polarity of high-frequency disturbance energy is used as a basis for judging a disturbance direction, a disturbance source positioning optimization model is established according to a system topological structure and monitoring point arrangement conditions, the disturbance source positioning problem is converted into a 0-1 integer programming problem, and the genetic algorithm is adopted for solving. The disadvantages of this method are: the front and back directions of the disturbance source relative to the monitoring point can only be judged, and when an electric energy quality event occurs in the power network, the accurate positioning of the disturbance source (such as positioning to a specific line) can not be really realized, a disturbance source positioning optimization model is established, and the calculation amount and the storage amount of the electric energy quality online monitoring device are further increased by adopting a genetic algorithm.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an automatic positioning method of a positioning system of an electric energy quality disturbance source, which can realize accurate and automatic positioning of the disturbance source and automatically eliminate the fuzzy term of the disturbance source, has high efficiency, simple structure and low cost, and is easy to realize and deploy.
The technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention is to provide an automatic positioning method of a positioning system of an electric energy quality disturbance source, wherein the positioning system of the electric energy quality disturbance source comprises an electric energy quality management main station and an electric energy quality on-line monitoring device arranged at each monitoring point of a transmission line of a radiation type power distribution system, the electric energy quality on-line monitoring devices are connected through Ethernet, and the electric energy quality on-line monitoring devices are connected with the electric energy quality management main station through Ethernet; when an actual disturbance event occurs in the system, the power quality online monitoring device records the occurrence time of a disturbance source after detecting the disturbance event, informs other power quality online monitoring devices in the network in a broadcast mode through the Ethernet to start a disturbance wave recording system by taking the time as a reference, records the sampling data of N cycles before and N cycles after the time, wherein N is more than or equal to 1, and sends the sampling data to a power quality management master station in real time; the power quality management master station stores the equipment numbers of all the power quality on-line monitoring devices and the addresses of monitoring points.
Furthermore, the positioning system of the power quality disturbance source further comprises an Ethernet switch supporting an IEEE1588 protocol, the power quality management master station supports the IEEE1588 protocol, the power quality online monitoring devices are provided with Ethernet interfaces supporting the IEEE1588 protocol, the power quality management master stations and the power quality online monitoring devices are connected into the Ethernet switch through special shielding network connecting lines according to the international universal standard and then are networked, and the whole system adopts the IEEE1588 time synchronization protocol for clock calibration.
The automatic positioning method of the positioning system of the electric energy quality disturbance source comprises the following steps:
①, constructing a root structure chart according to the known topology structure of the power distribution system, and identifying the position information of each power quality on-line monitoring device arrangement point in the whole system;
② the coverage matrix A of the system can be defined according to the relative position relationship between each node and the power quality on-line monitoring deviceL×M，AL×MThis may be done at system initialization:
wherein, L is the total number of nodes in the system, M corresponds to the number of line segments in the system, and is an electric energy quality on-line monitoring device installed in the whole systemQuantity, matrix AL×MEach data a ofi×jThe method comprises the following steps of representing the position relation between the j-th power quality on-line monitoring device arrangement point and the i-th power quality on-line monitoring device monitoring point in the system, and initializing specific assignments as follows: if L is presentiAt MjIn the forward region of (1), then order aij-1 and vice versa; a isij1, system said MjThe backward area refers to a node arranged on the jth power quality on-line monitoring device and a sub-node area of the node; the forward area refers to other node areas except the backward area;
③ when the power quality on-line monitoring device at a certain point in the system detects that the power quality of the power grid has problems or disturbance source events such as current and voltage mutation occur, the device records the occurrence time of the disturbance source and informs other power quality on-line monitoring devices in the network to start the fault recording system instantly in a broadcasting manner through the Ethernet, and records the sampling data of N cycles before and N cycles after the occurrence time, wherein N is not less than 1, and an IEEE1588 time synchronization protocol is used between each power quality on-line monitoring device and the power quality management master station in the system as the reference time of the whole system;
④ when each power quality on-line monitoring device completes the wave recording work, the power quality on-line monitoring device can confirm the event type according to the detected disturbance data;
⑤, obtaining the accurate time and position of disturbance source event in the system according to the product of system coverage matrix and system direction matrix at the moment, recorded and played back comparison of multiple moments, spectrum analysis of each recorded waveform and system position information stored in the power quality management master station, which are sent to the power quality management master station by each power quality on-line monitoring device in the network in real time, the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, establishing a direction matrix B of the system at the moment according to a system coverage matrix and information uploaded to a master station by each electric energy quality online monitoring device when a disturbance source event occurs in real timeM×1：
In the formula, bjWhen disturbance source events occur at the ith line segment in the system, judging the direction of the disturbance source by the jth electric energy quality on-line monitoring device equipment, if the disturbance source is judged to be backward disturbance, namely judging that the disturbance source events are positioned behind the jth electric energy quality on-line monitoring device equipment, controlling bj1 ═ 1; on the contrary, bj＝-1；bjThe value of the disturbance source event is provided with a time scale, and the electric energy quality management master station can establish a system direction matrix at the moment of the disturbance source event through real-time data information uploaded by each electric energy quality on-line monitoring device;
then, carrying out matrix multiplication operation on the system coverage matrix and the system direction matrix at the moment to obtain a result matrix CL×1Comprises the following steps:
each element c in the result matrixiThe value of (c) is related to the topology of the power network and the specific arrangement condition of the on-line monitoring device of the power quality according to ciIs equal to the number of elements of the number of the online monitoring devices of the electric energy quality arranged in the system, if equal, the row element c at the moment is confirmediCorresponding line segment LiIs a source of power quality disturbance;
finally, after the preliminary disturbance source positioning information is available, the step c is carried outiThe values of the disturbance source event parameters are used for determining arrangement points and specific line segments of specific electric energy quality on-line monitoring devices, then the wave recording playback function of each electric energy quality on-line monitoring device at the moment which is sent to the electric energy quality management main station is used for carrying out comparison to eliminate the disturbance source fuzzy item and accurate time, and the specific occurrence time of the disturbance source event can be acquired through the position information stored in the electric energy quality management main station or the electric energy quality on-line monitoring deviceA location.
Further, in step ①, the layout of each online power quality monitoring device in the system is identified according to the device address of the online power quality monitoring device, the table is stored in the database of the power quality management master station, and the online power quality monitoring devices may also store the location information of the layout points as needed.
The specific method for confirming the type of the disturbance event in the step ④ includes the steps of collecting transient power quality disturbance signals of monitoring points in a power grid, filtering to obtain transient power quality disturbance voltage signals and current signals of the monitoring points, performing 2-layer decomposition on the transient power quality disturbance voltage signals of the monitoring points by using morphological non-sampling wavelets to obtain a second-layer morphological non-sampling wavelet detail coefficient y2, determining branches where the monitoring points are located as branches affected by transient power quality disturbance if the modulus maximum value of the detail coefficient y2 is larger than a threshold value, determining two time points which exceed the threshold value and are farthest away from the modulus maximum value point of the detail coefficient y2 as starting and stopping moments t1 and t2 of disturbance occurrence, performing window Fourier transform on the transient power quality disturbance voltage signals of the monitoring points on the determined branches affected by the transient power quality disturbance to extract fundamental frequency amplitude characteristic V, waveform distortion zero-crossing point continuous characteristic H and disturbance frequency characteristic O of the disturbance signals, performing S transformation on the transient power quality disturbance voltage disturbance signals, extracting the maximum Z characteristic and the maximum distortion frequency fluctuation frequency characteristic, and the waveform deviation of the waveform type of the monitoring points, and the frequency identification result is set as a multi-frequency coding characteristic matrix, and the type of the occurrence frequency identification is set as a multi-frequency matrix, wherein the multi-time-frequency coding characteristic B0.
The invention has the positive effects that: (1) the invention provides a distributed multi-machine-cooperation electric energy quality monitoring system capable of carrying out multi-point monitoring based on Ethernet time synchronization, wherein clock calibration is uniformly carried out among all electric energy quality on-line monitoring devices in the system through an IEEE1588 time synchronization protocol instead of the traditional GPRS-dependent calibration mode, a system covering matrix and a system direction matrix are established in a coordinated manner according to time marks recorded on the multi-point electric energy quality on-line monitoring devices, information broadcasting, wave recording matching and the like, and an electric energy quality management master station can realize accurate automatic positioning of a disturbance source and automatic elimination of fuzzy items of the disturbance source through simple matrix algorithm with time marks (matrix multiplication is carried out on the system covering matrix and the system direction matrix with the time marks), mutual comparison of the recorded waveforms among all the electric energy quality on-line monitoring devices and spectrum analysis of all the recorded waveforms, The power quality disturbance source positioning system and the method for the power distribution network have the advantages of high efficiency, simple structure, low cost and easiness in implementation and deployment.
(2) The method combines disturbance signals of a plurality of monitoring points in the power grid to detect, identify and analyze the disturbance source of the power quality, and outputs the results of disturbance duration, disturbance type and the like, and the results are accurate and comprehensive; meanwhile, as the information of a plurality of monitoring points is monitored and analyzed, the precise positioning of the disturbance source can be realized, and the accident responsible party and the problem of power quality disturbance can be conveniently determined; the detected and analyzed power quality information can be sent to a system main station through the Ethernet for long-term storage, so that the data of power quality disturbance can be conveniently and comprehensively recorded, a management department can conveniently and quickly and visually know the required related information of the power quality disturbance, the power quality supervision and management work is further strengthened, real and accurate information is provided for the management and evaluation of power quality problems, and decision-making data is provided for constructing a large-scale high-quality power supply system.
(3) In disturbance detection and identification, the form non-sampling wavelet is adopted to quickly and accurately detect the starting and stopping moments of disturbance, determine the branch influenced by the disturbance, and reduce the range of subsequent analysis, so that the disturbance source detection and analysis method is simpler, quicker and more effective. The calculation is simplified by establishing a matrix of the number and the disturbance direction of the system, the electric energy quality on-line monitoring device automatically positions the disturbance source, the efficiency is high, and the fuzzy item can be eliminated through the mutual coordination between the electric energy quality on-line monitoring devices.
(4) In disturbance identification, five characteristic quantities capable of reflecting characteristics of different transient disturbance sources can be simultaneously extracted by combining window Fourier transform (WDFT) and S transform, binary coding is carried out on the characteristic quantities to obtain 8-bit binary characteristic vectors, and the 8-bit binary characteristic vectors are compared with a binary threshold matrix to quickly identify the type of a disturbance event. Due to the combination of the identification results of the multiple monitoring points, the interference of errors caused by factors such as strong noise and the like of individual monitoring points in the system on the identification results of other equipment and disturbance source fuzzy items can be avoided, multiple disturbance sources can be monitored simultaneously, and the accuracy of disturbance type identification is further ensured.
(5) The invention uses a uniform IEEE1588 protocol to calibrate the clock between each power quality on-line monitoring device and the master station, and the accurate positioning comprises two steps: 1) the system is initially positioned: preliminarily judging the type and the direction of the disturbance source according to a system coverage matrix at the moment when the disturbance source event occurs and a direction matrix of the system; 2) the physical equipment of the electric energy quality on-line monitoring device is cooperated with each other for auxiliary positioning: the voltage sag source positioning method only needs to measure the voltage phase angle, the current amplitude and the phase angle of a monitoring point, determines the relative position of the disturbance source and the monitoring point by judging the change polarity of real current components at the voltage sag occurrence moment, and can determine the accurate position of the voltage sag disturbance source by integrating the wave recording analysis results of a plurality of monitoring points in a power grid at the moment, the frequency spectrum analysis of each recorded wave form and the position information of each electric energy quality on-line monitoring device of a system stored in an electric energy quality management main station, thereby further eliminating fuzzy items.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system architecture topology of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a rooted tree constructed by taking phase A as an example of the topology shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of disturbance source location in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
(example 1)
Referring to fig. 1, the system for locating an electric energy quality disturbance source in this embodiment includes an electric energy quality management master station supporting IEEE1588 protocol, an electric energy quality online monitoring device (PQMD) having an ethernet interface supporting IEEE1588 protocol, and an ethernet switch supporting IEEE1588 protocol, where one electric energy quality online monitoring device is set at each monitoring point of an electric transmission line of a radiation-type power distribution system, each electric energy quality online monitoring device is connected to another electric energy quality management master station through an ethernet, and each electric energy quality online monitoring device is connected to the electric energy quality management master station through an ethernet, specifically, each electric energy quality online monitoring device and each electric energy quality online monitoring device are connected to the ethernet switch through a dedicated shielded network connection line according to international general standards and then are networked, where the electric energy quality online monitoring device (PQMD) in this embodiment is an electric energy quality online monitoring device manufactured by sn-free high-tech limited company and having model number YPM-01 And (6) testing the device. When an actual disturbance event occurs in the system, the power quality online monitoring device records the occurrence time of a disturbance source after detecting the disturbance event, informs other power quality online monitoring devices in the network in a broadcast mode through the Ethernet to start a disturbance wave recording system by taking the time as a reference, records the sampling data of N cycles before and N cycles after the time, wherein N is more than or equal to 1, and sends the sampling data to a power quality management master station in real time. The power quality management master station stores the equipment numbers of the power quality on-line monitoring devices and the addresses of monitoring points, and the whole system adopts an IEEE1588 time synchronization protocol to carry out clock calibration.
Referring to fig. 3, the automatic positioning method of the positioning system using the above-mentioned power quality disturbance source includes the following steps:
①, according to the known topology structure of the power distribution system, a structure diagram with root numbers commonly used in the power system is constructed, and the position information of each power quality on-line monitoring device arrangement point in the whole system is identified, in the embodiment, according to the topology structure of the system shown in fig. 1, a structure diagram with root trees commonly used in the power system analysis is constructed, and the arrangement condition of each power quality on-line monitoring device in the system is identified according to the device address (stack address) of the power quality on-line monitoring device.
② the coverage matrix A of the system can be defined according to the relative position relationship between each node and the power quality on-line monitoring deviceL×M，AL×MThis may be done at system initialization:
wherein, L is the total number of nodes in the system, M corresponds to the number of line segments in the system, and is the number of the electric energy quality on-line monitoring devices installed in the whole system, and the matrix AL×MEach data a ofi×jThe method comprises the following steps of representing the position relation between the j-th power quality on-line monitoring device arrangement point and the i-th power quality on-line monitoring device monitoring point in the system, and initializing specific assignments as follows: if L is presentiAt MjIn the forward region of (1), then order aij-1 and vice versa; a isij1, system said MjThe backward area refers to a node arranged on the jth power quality on-line monitoring device and a sub-node area of the node; the forward area refers to other node areas except for the backward area.
In this embodiment, the root node is a first online power quality monitoring device on each line shown in fig. 2, and the following devices are sequentially added to the root. Wherein, the serial numbers of the power quality on-line monitoring devices (a data table is also established between the serial numbers and the equipment addresses) are consistent with the serial numbers of the corresponding line segments in the topological structure shown in fig. 1. L isaiDenotes the line sequence number, P, in the systemiAnd indicating the serial number of the electric energy quality on-line monitoring device equipment.
And establishing a system coverage matrix according to the relative orientation relation between each node in the number and the electric energy quality on-line monitoring device.
As shown in fig. 2: on the transmission line LaThe number of the middle nodes is 9, namely the number of the line segments of the power distribution monitoring system is 9, and the sequence numbers are L in sequencea1～La9And the number of the electric energy quality on-line monitoring devices actually configured in the system is 4. From this, a system coverage matrix A can be defined9×4Matrix A9×4Each of aijRepresenting the position relation between the arrangement point of the jth power quality on-line monitoring device and the ith node in the system, if LaiAt PjIn the forward region of (1), then order aij-1; on the contrary, aij＝+1。
According to the relative orientation relation between each node with the number and the electric energy quality on-line monitoring device in the system, a defined system coverage matrix A can be provided9×4Performing initial value assignment:
③ when the on-line monitoring device of power quality at a certain point in the system detects the power quality of the power grid has problems or disturbance source events such as current and voltage mutation, the device will record the time when the disturbance source occurs and inform other on-line monitoring devices of power quality in the network to start the fault recording system instantly by broadcasting through the Ethernet, and record the sampling data of N cycles before and N after the time, N is not less than 1, the IEEE1588 time protocol is used between each on-line monitoring device of power quality and the power quality management master station in the system as the reference time of the whole system, and the device is prepared for the interface waveform curve display, disturbance source fuzzy item elimination and data analysis of the power quality management master station when the disturbance source is positioned.
In this embodiment, when the online power quality monitoring device detects a disturbance source event, a recording and broadcasting system in the online power quality monitoring device records sampling data of 8 cycles before and 8 cycles after the current moment.
According to the method, when the power quality on-line monitoring device at the point A finds that the power quality of a power grid has problems or current and voltage mutation occurs, the equipment records the occurrence time of a disturbance source and informs other power quality on-line monitoring devices in the network to start a fault recording system in time in a broadcasting mode through the Ethernet, after each power quality on-line monitoring device receives a broadcasting command, a recording function is started to record sampling data of 8 cycles before and 8 cycles after the occurrence time and send the recorded waveforms to a power quality management master station, an IEEE1588 protocol is uniformly used between each power quality on-line monitoring device and the power quality management master station in the system to carry out clock calibration, the clock precision can reach ns level, and the equipment is ready for power quality parameter analysis and decision making during interface waveform curve display and next disturbance source positioning.
④, after each power quality on-line monitoring device finishes the wave recording work, the power quality on-line monitoring device can confirm the event type according to the detected disturbance data, collect the transient power quality disturbance signal of each monitoring point in the power grid, filter to obtain the transient power quality disturbance voltage signal and current signal of each monitoring point, carry out 2-layer decomposition on the transient power quality disturbance voltage signal of each monitoring point by using form non-sampling wavelet to obtain the second layer form non-sampling wavelet detail coefficient y2, if the maximum value of the detail coefficient y2 is greater than the threshold value, determine the branch where the monitoring point is located as the branch affected by the transient power quality disturbance, and determine the two time points exceeding the threshold value and farthest from the maximum value point of the module of the detail coefficient y2 as the starting and stopping time t1, t2 of the disturbance occurrence, carry out window Fourier extraction on the transient power quality disturbance voltage signal of the monitoring point on the determined branch affected by the transient power quality disturbance to extract the fundamental frequency disturbance amplitude V, the waveform distortion characteristic disturbance cycle number H, the zero crossing point characteristic disturbance voltage O, and the waveform distortion of the waveform transformation of the transient power quality disturbance signal, and the maximum frequency transformation of the identification of the waveform of the detected signal, and the maximum distortion of the waveform transformation of the occurrence of the maximum frequency transformation of the waveform of the detection point, and the identification of the waveform of the occurrence of the transient power quality, wherein the maximum distortion, the waveform of the;
⑤, obtaining the accurate time and position of disturbance source event in the system according to the product of system coverage matrix and system direction matrix at the moment, recorded and played back comparison of multiple moments, spectrum analysis of each recorded waveform and system position information stored in the power quality management master station, which are sent to the power quality management master station by each power quality on-line monitoring device in the network in real time, the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, establishing a direction matrix B of the system at the moment according to a system coverage matrix and information uploaded to a master station by each electric energy quality online monitoring device when a disturbance source event occurs in real timeM×1：
In the formula, bjWhen disturbance source events occur at the ith line segment in the system, judging the direction of the disturbance source by the jth electric energy quality on-line monitoring device equipment, if the disturbance source is judged to be backward disturbance, namely judging that the disturbance source events are positioned behind the jth electric energy quality on-line monitoring device equipment, controlling bj1 ═ 1; on the contrary, bj＝-1。bjThe value of the disturbance source event is provided with a time scale, and the electric energy quality management master station can establish a system direction matrix at the moment of the disturbance source event through real-time data information uploaded by each electric energy quality on-line monitoring device.
In this embodiment, when a power quality disturbance event occurs in the power transmission line, each power quality online monitoring device may monitor disturbance data, and after the disturbance source event is confirmed, each power quality online monitoring device may determine a front-back relative position relationship between the disturbance source and an arrangement point of the power quality online monitoring device according to the system direction matrix.
Accordingly, a direction matrix B of the system can be defined4×1Matrix B4×1Each data b in (1)ijLine segment L in the representation systemaiWhen the disturbance source event occurs, the power quality on-line monitoring device with the sequence number Pj is used for monitoring the power quality according to the workAnd the relation between the disturbance source and the front and back relative positions of the disturbance source is judged by corresponding algorithms such as rate/current direction and the like. If it is a forward disturbance, let bj-1; on the contrary, bj＝+1。
As shown in fig. 2, it is assumed that the lines L are respectively located ata2、La3Generating power quality disturbance event, and disturbing the corresponding system disturbance direction matrix B under two conditions according to the ruleLa2、BLa3The assignments are as follows:
then, carrying out matrix multiplication operation on the system coverage matrix and the system direction matrix at the moment to obtain a result matrix CL×1Comprises the following steps:
each element c in the result matrixiThe value of (c) is related to the topology of the power network and the specific arrangement condition of the on-line monitoring device of the power quality according to ciIs equal to the number of elements of the number of the online monitoring devices of the electric energy quality arranged in the system, if equal, the row element c at the moment is confirmediCorresponding line segment LiIs a source of power quality disturbances.
In this embodiment, the wave recording systems on the power quality online monitoring devices at B, C and D record the oscillogram and the time when the current or voltage at point a suddenly changes, the master station can accurately locate the occurrence time of the disturbance source at point a by the time on the oscillogram uploaded by the power quality online monitoring devices at B, C and D, and calculate according to the formula to obtain the time when the disturbance source at point C occursL2、CL3Comprises the following steps:
result matrix CL×1Each element c ofiThe absolute value of (a) implies information for determining the source of the power quality disturbance. CL2Middle second row and CL3The absolute value of the third row element is equal to the number of detection devices of the on-line monitoring device for the electric energy quality installed in the system, and the line L at the moment can be preliminarily judgeda2、La3Meanwhile, a power quality disturbance event occurs.
Finally, after the preliminary disturbance source positioning information is available, the step c is carried outiThe method comprises the steps of determining arrangement points and specific line segments of specific power quality online monitoring devices, comparing and eliminating disturbance source fuzzy items and accurate time through a wave recording playback function of the power quality online monitoring devices at the moment, wherein the wave recording playback function is sent to a power quality management main station by each power quality online monitoring device, and acquiring specific places where disturbance source events occur through position information stored in the power quality management main station or power quality online monitoring device equipment.
Claims (1)
1. An automatic positioning method of a positioning system of an electric energy quality disturbance source is characterized in that: the positioning system of the power quality disturbance source comprises a power quality management master station and a power quality on-line monitoring device arranged at each monitoring point of a power transmission line of a radiation type power distribution system, wherein the power quality on-line monitoring devices are connected through Ethernet, and are connected with the power quality management master station through Ethernet; when an actual disturbance source event occurs in the system, the power quality online monitoring device records the occurrence time of the disturbance source event after detecting the disturbance source event, informs other power quality online monitoring devices in the network in a broadcast mode through the Ethernet to start a disturbance recording system by taking the time as a reference, records the sampling data of N cycles before and N cycles after the time, wherein N is more than or equal to 1, and sends the sampling data to a power quality management master station in real time; the power quality management master station stores the equipment numbers of the power quality on-line monitoring devices and the addresses of monitoring points where the power quality on-line monitoring devices are located; the positioning system of the electric energy quality disturbance source further comprises an Ethernet switch supporting an IEEE1588 protocol, the electric energy quality management master station supports the IEEE1588 protocol, the electric energy quality on-line monitoring devices are provided with Ethernet interfaces supporting the IEEE1588 protocol, the electric energy quality management master stations and all the electric energy quality on-line monitoring devices are connected into the Ethernet switch through special shielding network connecting lines according to the international universal standard and then are networked, and the whole system adopts the IEEE1588 protocol to carry out clock calibration;
the automatic positioning method of the positioning system applying the electric energy quality disturbance source comprises the following steps:
①, according to the known topological structure of the power distribution system, constructing a radical structure diagram, and identifying the position information of each monitoring point of the on-line power quality monitoring device in the whole system;
② establishing a whole system coverage matrix, defining a system coverage matrix A according to the relative position relationship between each node and the power quality on-line monitoring deviceL×MSystem coverage matrix AL×MThis may be done at system initialization:
wherein, L is the total number of nodes in the system, M corresponds to the number of line segments in the system, and is the number of the electric energy quality on-line monitoring devices installed in the whole system, and the system coverage matrix AL×MEach data a ofi×jThe method comprises the following steps of representing the position relation between the monitoring point of the jth power quality on-line monitoring device and the monitoring point of the ith power quality on-line monitoring device in the system, and initializing specific assignments as follows: if L isiAt MjIn the forward region of (1), then order aij-1 and vice versa; a isij1, system said MjThe backward area refers to a node arranged on the jth power quality on-line monitoring device and a sub-node area of the node; the forward area refers to other node areas except the backward area;
③ when the power quality on-line monitoring device at a certain point in the system detects that the power quality of the power grid has problems or a disturbance source event of sudden change of current and voltage occurs, the power quality on-line monitoring device records the occurrence time of the disturbance source event and informs other power quality on-line monitoring devices in the network to start the fault recording system instantly in a broadcasting manner through the Ethernet, and records the sampling data of N cycles before and N cycles after the occurrence time, wherein N is more than or equal to 1, and an IEEE1588 protocol is used between each power quality on-line monitoring device and a power quality management master station in the system as the reference time of the whole system;
④, when each power quality on-line monitoring device finishes the recording work, the power quality on-line monitoring device can confirm the disturbance source event type according to the detected disturbance source event data, the specific method is that transient power quality disturbance signals of each monitoring point in the power grid are collected and filtered to obtain transient power quality disturbance voltage signals and current signals of each monitoring point, the transient power quality disturbance voltage signals of each monitoring point are subjected to 2-layer decomposition by adopting morphological non-sampling wavelet to obtain a second-layer morphological non-sampling wavelet detail coefficient y2, if the modulus maximum value of the second-layer morphological non-sampling wavelet detail coefficient y2 is larger than the threshold value, the branch where the monitoring point is located is determined as the branch affected by the power quality, and two time points exceeding the threshold value and farthest away from the modulus maximum value point of the second-layer morphological non-sampling wavelet detail coefficient y2 are determined as the start-stop time t1 and t2 of the disturbance source event occurrence of the disturbance voltage, the power quality disturbance voltage signals are subjected to the transient voltage amplitude transformation window, the power quality disturbance voltage window is determined as the power quality disturbance voltage amplitude, the power quality window, the power quality disturbance voltage amplitude is determined as the power quality characteristic frequency, the power quality signal is subjected to the power quality disturbance voltage transformation, the power quality signal, the transient frequency characteristic transformation of the transient frequency transformation of the transient frequency of the transient signal is determined, the transient frequency transformation of the transient frequency transformation;
⑤ according to the system coverage matrix A of each power quality on-line monitoring device in the network, which is sent to the power quality management master station in real time at the momentL×MAnd system moment of directionArray BM×1The method comprises the following steps of obtaining the accurate time and position of the occurrence of disturbance source events in the system by the product of the above steps, mutual comparison of recorded and played back at a plurality of moments, spectrum analysis of each recorded waveform and system position information stored in the power quality management master station, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
first, according to the system coverage matrix AL×MAnd each power quality on-line monitoring device uploads information to the power quality management master station in real time when disturbance source events occur, and a system direction matrix B of the system at the moment is establishedM×1：
In the formula, bjWhen a disturbance source event occurs at the ith line segment in the system, judging the direction of the disturbance source by the jth electric energy quality on-line monitoring device, if the disturbance source event is judged to be backward disturbance, namely judging that the disturbance source event is positioned behind the jth electric energy quality on-line monitoring device, controlling bj1 ═ 1; on the contrary, bj＝-1；bjThe value of the interference has a time scale, and the electric energy quality management master station can establish a system direction matrix B at the moment of occurrence of the disturbance source event through real-time data information uploaded by each electric energy quality on-line monitoring deviceM×1；
Then, the system is covered with matrix AL×MAnd the system direction matrix B of the momentM×1Performing matrix multiplication to obtain a result matrix CL×1Comprises the following steps:
each element c in the result matrixiThe value of (c) is related to the topology of the power distribution system and the specific arrangement condition of the power quality on-line monitoring device according to ciWhether the absolute value of the value of (b) is equal to the systemThe number of elements of the quantity of the on-line monitoring devices of the power quality is arranged in the device, and if the number of elements is equal, the row element c at the moment is confirmediCorresponding line segment LiIs a source of power quality disturbance;
finally, after the preliminary disturbance source event positioning information is available, the step c is carried outiThe method comprises the steps of determining a monitoring point and a specific line segment of a specific power quality on-line monitoring device, comparing and eliminating fuzzy items of disturbance sources and accurate time through a wave recording playback function of each power quality on-line monitoring device at the moment transmitted to a power quality management main station, and acquiring a specific place where a disturbance source event occurs through position information stored in the power quality management main station or the power quality on-line monitoring device.
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