CN114675079A - Method and system for extracting high signal-to-noise ratio voltage sag disturbance signal for reconstructing steady state waveform - Google Patents
Method and system for extracting high signal-to-noise ratio voltage sag disturbance signal for reconstructing steady state waveform Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for extracting a high signal-to-noise ratio voltage sag disturbance signal for reconstructing a steady state waveform, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (1) establishing a steady-state reference waveform sequence; (2) filtering and Fourier decomposition are carried out on the steady-state reference waveform sequence, and the amplitude and the initial phase of the frequency component contained in the steady-state reference waveform sequence are extracted; (3) substituting the amplitude and the initial phase of the frequency component extracted in the step (2) into a time domain continuous expression of a steady state waveform stored by the power quality monitoring device PQM; (4) and reconstructing a time domain continuous expression of the steady-state waveform, and extracting the voltage sag disturbance quantity of the corresponding phase. The method can reduce the dependence on the sampling frequency N in the power frequency period and reduce NsRounding the introduced accumulated distortion; the higher-order frequency components of the steady-state waveform x (t) can be determined according to application requirements, the more complete the frequency components are, the higher the signal-to-noise ratio of the extracted disturbance quantity is, the fewer the frequency components are, and the waveform is reconstructed and combinedThe faster the speed of disturbance extraction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rapid and accurate positioning of a voltage sag source in the problem of power quality, in particular to a method and a system for extracting a high signal-to-noise ratio voltage sag disturbance signal for reconstructing a steady-state waveform.
Background information
The power quality disturbance is an inevitable phenomenon in the operation process of a power grid, and not only influences the normal operation of the power grid, but also brings serious economic loss to power consumers. With the development of computer and semiconductor technology, users have higher and higher requirements on the quality of electric energy. The power quality event that has the most severe impact on the consumer is a voltage sag, of which more than 80% are involved in power quality events of power consumer complaints. For power users with higher power consumption quality requirements, especially for manufacturing enterprises with precise instruments, even sporadic power quality events can cause immeasurable economic losses. More seriously, transient faults in the area with frequent voltage sag are easy to deteriorate into permanent faults, and extremely bad influence is caused on the power grid. Therefore, the voltage sag source is quickly and accurately positioned, the safe and stable operation of the power grid is facilitated to be improved, and the loss of power consumers is reduced.
The storage space of the power quality monitoring device PQM is usually limited, and recording the disturbance process as complete as possible is particularly important for voltage sag analysis. In practical applications, the above requirements are usually met by shortening the steady-state process and reducing the sampling frequency of the power quality monitoring apparatus PQM. However, the existing disturbance signal extraction method has to be improved in adaptability to processing short steady-state processes and low sampling frequency.
The existing classical voltage sag disturbance quantity extraction methods take the number N of sampling points in a period as a minimum unit, and sequentially perform difference on the N sampling points in the period and the N sampling points in a corresponding period of a steady state during disturbance to extract a disturbance signal. However, a power distribution network with a large node scale is provided with a large number of acquisition terminals (such as DTUs, FTUs, TTUs, and the like), and the utilization of the acquisition terminals has an extremely important practical significance for positioning voltage sag of the power distribution network. For economic reasons, the sampling frequency of the acquisition terminal is usually very low, so that N is a non-integer in most cases and has a certain error from the real value. Therefore, it is very important to research an extraction method for the voltage sag disturbance signal at a low sampling frequency.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the error of the low-frequency acquisition terminal for extracting the voltage sag disturbance signal is large, and the extraction method is easy to lose effectiveness.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
the invention discloses a method for extracting a high signal-to-noise ratio voltage sag disturbance signal of a reconstructed steady-state waveform, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) the method comprises the following steps that after a power quality monitoring device PQM captures a disturbance waveform and finishes recording, N sampling points are taken forward to serve as a steady-state reference waveform sequence by taking a sampling sequence number of a disturbance starting moment as an end point;
(2) filtering and Fourier decomposition are carried out on the steady-state reference waveform sequence, and the amplitude and the initial phase of the frequency component contained in the steady-state reference waveform sequence are extracted;
(3) substituting the amplitude and the initial phase of the frequency component extracted in the step (2) into a time domain continuous expression of a steady state waveform stored by the power quality monitoring device PQM;
(4) and reconstructing a time domain continuous expression of the steady-state waveform, and extracting the voltage sag disturbance quantity of the corresponding phase.
In the step (1), the method for establishing the steady-state reference waveform sequence comprises the following steps:
after the power quality monitoring device PQM captures the disturbance waveform and finishes recording, the sampling sequence number n at the disturbance starting moment is used0Taking N sampling points forward as an end point, and regarding the sampling points as a steady-state reference waveform sequence xp。
In the step (2), the method for extracting the amplitude and the initial phase of the frequency component contained in the steady-state reference waveform sequence includes the following steps:
for the steady-state reference waveform sequence xpFiltering is carried out;
for the steady-state reference waveform sequence xpAnd performing Fourier decomposition.
In the step (3), the method of substituting the amplitude and the initial phase of the extracted frequency component into the time domain continuous expression of the steady state waveform stored in the power quality monitoring device PQM is as follows: the steady state waveform stored by the power quality monitoring device PQM is x, and if the continuous expression form of the time domain is as shown in formula (3),
in the formula of omega1F is 2 pi f, and f is the fundamental frequency of the power grid; k is the steady-state frequency component of X; xkIs the amplitude of the corresponding frequency component;
is XkThe initial phase of (a);
the sampling frequency f of the power quality monitoring device PQMsThe fundamental frequency f of the power grid is known, and the number of theoretical sampling points in each power frequency sampling period is NS＝fs/f，
Time interval of adjacent sampling points is Ts＝1/fs；
Disturbance signal of voltage sag by waveform x during disturbancefAnd assuming a steady state waveform x without disturbance to the processpDifferencing to obtain a steady state waveform xpIf the power quality monitoring device PQM cannot be obtained, the waveform before disturbance is adopted for substitution, as shown in formula (1).
In the formula, i is a PQM number; x generally refers to voltage or current, and is a 3 × 1 column vector, which respectively represents A, B, C phases; subscripts d, f, p represent the disturbance waveform, the disturbance period, and the waveform stored by the power quality monitoring device PQM before the disturbance occurs, respectively; the waveform x in the equation (1) is continuous, while discrete values are stored in the actual power quality monitoring device PQM, and the steady state waveform is a discrete quantity,
the expression is as follows:
it is necessary to express x (n) ═ x (nt) by a discrete waveform expressions) Obtaining discrete sampling values, wherein n represents the serial number of sampling points in a disturbance period, n is more than or equal to 0, and x (0) corresponds to the sampling points at the disturbance starting moment; k is a positive integer.
X is to bepSubstituting into formula (2) for substitution
The replacement can be completed.
The method for extracting the voltage sag disturbance amount of the corresponding phase in the step (4) comprises the following steps:
and assigning the serial number n of the sampling point in the replaced expression, and extracting A, B, C the three-phase voltage sag disturbance quantity.
The invention discloses a high signal-to-noise ratio voltage sag disturbance signal extraction system for reconstructing a steady state waveform, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: a network interface, a memory, and a processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the network interface is used for receiving and sending signals in the process of receiving and sending information with other external network elements;
the memory for storing a computer program operable on the processor;
the processor is used for executing the steps of the method for extracting the high signal-to-noise ratio voltage sag disturbing signal for reconstructing the steady state waveform when the computer program is run.
A computer storage medium, characterized in that the computer storage medium stores a program for extracting a high snr voltage sag disturbance signal reconstructing a steady state waveform, and the program for extracting a high snr voltage sag disturbance signal reconstructing a steady state waveform is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method for extracting a high snr voltage sag disturbance signal reconstructing a steady state waveform.
The invention utilizes the power quality monitoring device PQM to complete the capture and recording of disturbance waveforms, and establishes a steady-state reference waveform sequence by taking the sampling sequence number of the disturbance starting moment as an end point. The method can reduce the dependence on the sampling frequency N in the power frequency period and reduce NsRounding the introduced accumulated distortion. Meanwhile, the higher-order frequency components of the steady-state waveform x (t) can be determined according to application requirements, the more complete the frequency components are, the higher the signal-to-noise ratio of the extracted disturbance quantity is, the fewer the frequency components are, and the higher the speeds of waveform reconstruction and disturbance extraction are.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for extracting a high signal-to-noise ratio voltage sag disturbance signal of a reconstructed steady-state waveform in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
The voltage sag disturbance signal, theoretically, is passed through the waveform x during disturbancefAnd assuming a steady state waveform x without disturbance to the processpThe difference is obtained because the latter cannot be obtained from the power quality monitoring device PQM, and the waveform before disturbance is generally adopted for substitution, as shown in formula (1).
In the formula, i is a PQM number; x generally refers to voltage or current, and is a 3 × 1 column vector, which respectively represents A, B, C phases; subscripts d, f, p represent the disturbance waveform, the disturbance period, and the waveform stored by the power quality monitoring device PQM before the disturbance occurs, respectively. The waveform x in the formula (1) is continuous, and the actual power quality monitoring device PQM stores discrete values, so that the discretization expression of the corresponding voltage sag disturbance signal is shown in the formula (2).
In the formula, n represents the sampling point serial number in the disturbance period, and n is more than or equal to 0; n is0The sampling sequence number is the disturbance starting moment; n is the number of sampling points of the power quality monitoring device PQM in a power frequency period; k is a positive integer, and different values of the K are corresponding to different disturbance signal extraction methods.
The voltage sag disturbance belongs to the transient process of the power grid, and the low-frequency components in the voltage waveform can be ignored. The steady state waveform stored by the power quality monitoring device PQM is x, and the continuous expression form of the time domain is assumed to be shown as the formula (3)
In the formula of omega1F is 2 pi f, and f is the fundamental frequency of the power grid; a steady state frequency component with k being x; xkIs the amplitude of the corresponding frequency component;
is XkThe initial phase of (2).
Sampling frequency f of power quality monitoring device PQMsThe fundamental frequency f of the power grid is generally known, and the number of theoretical sampling points in each power frequency sampling period is NS＝fs/f, taking in general
Time interval of adjacent sampling points is Ts＝1/fs. After the power quality monitoring device PQM captures the disturbance waveform and finishes recording, taking N samples forward by taking the sampling sequence number N0 of the disturbance starting moment as an end pointThe points are regarded as a steady-state reference waveform sequence xp. In order to improve the accuracy of the voltage sag disturbance amount analysis, the timings corresponding to n0 of the same power quality monitoring apparatus PQM need to be uniform. By filtering and Fourier decomposing xp, extracting the amplitude and initial phase of frequency components contained in xp, the time-domain continuous expression of the steady-state waveform can be further reconstructed by combining equation (3). Since the steady-state waveform in the equation (2) is a discrete quantity, it is necessary to pass x (n) through x (nt)s) Discrete sample values are obtained and x (0) corresponds to the sample point at the start of the perturbation.
Substituting xp (n) into formula (2) for replacement
The voltage sag disturbance quantity of the corresponding phase can be extracted, and the steps are repeated to complete A, B, C three phases.
The method has the innovation points that the PQM is utilized to complete the capture and recording of disturbance waveforms, and a steady-state reference waveform sequence is established by taking the sampling sequence number of the disturbance starting moment as an end point. The method can reduce the dependence on the sampling frequency N in the power frequency period and reduce NsThe introduced accumulated distortion is rounded. Meanwhile, the higher-order frequency components of the steady-state waveform x (t) can be determined according to application requirements, the more complete the frequency components are, the higher the signal-to-noise ratio of the extracted disturbance quantity is, the fewer the frequency components are, and the higher the speeds of waveform reconstruction and disturbance extraction are.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope thereof, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that after reading the present invention, they can make various changes, modifications or equivalents to the specific embodiments of the present invention, but these changes, modifications or equivalents are within the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for extracting a high signal-to-noise ratio voltage sag disturbance signal for reconstructing a steady state waveform is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps that after a power quality monitoring device PQM captures a disturbance waveform and finishes recording, N sampling points are taken forward to serve as a steady-state reference waveform sequence by taking a sampling sequence number of a disturbance starting moment as an end point;
(2) filtering and Fourier decomposition are carried out on the steady-state reference waveform sequence, and the amplitude and the initial phase of the frequency component contained in the steady-state reference waveform sequence are extracted;
(3) substituting the amplitude and the initial phase of the frequency component extracted in the step (2) into a time domain continuous expression of a steady state waveform stored by the power quality monitoring device PQM;
(4) and reconstructing a time domain continuous expression of the steady-state waveform, and extracting the voltage sag disturbance quantity of the corresponding phase.
2. The method for extracting high snr voltage sag disturbance signal to reconstruct a steady state waveform according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the steady state reference waveform sequence is established as follows:
after the power quality monitoring device PQM captures the disturbance waveform and finishes recording, the sampling sequence number n at the disturbance starting moment is used0Taking N sampling points forward as an end point, and regarding the sampling points as a steady-state reference waveform sequence xp。
3. The method for extracting high snr voltage sag disturbance signal of steady state waveform reconstruction according to claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the method for extracting the amplitude and initial phase of the frequency component included in the steady state reference waveform sequence is as follows:
for the steady-state reference waveform sequence xpFiltering is carried out;
for the steady-state reference waveform sequence xpAnd performing Fourier decomposition.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the step (3) of substituting the amplitude and initial phase of the extracted frequency component into the time-domain continuous expression of the steady-state waveform stored in the power quality monitoring apparatus PQM is as follows:
the steady state waveform stored by the power quality monitoring device PQM is x, and if the continuous expression form of the time domain is as shown in formula (3),
in the formula of omega1F is 2 pi f, and f is the fundamental frequency of the power grid; k is the steady-state frequency component of X; xkIs the amplitude of the corresponding frequency component;
is XkThe initial phase of (a);
the sampling frequency f of the power quality monitoring device PQMsThe fundamental frequency f of the power grid is known, and the number of theoretical sampling points in each power frequency sampling period is NS＝fs/f，
Time interval of adjacent sampling points is Ts＝1/fs；
Disturbance signal of voltage sag by waveform x during disturbancefAnd assuming a steady state waveform x without disturbance to the processpDifferencing to obtain a steady state waveform xpIf the power quality monitoring device PQM cannot be obtained, the waveform before disturbance is adopted for substitution, as shown in formula (1);
in the formula, i is a PQM number; x generally refers to voltage or current, and is a 3 × 1 column vector, which respectively represents A, B, C phases; subscripts d, f, p represent the disturbance waveform, the disturbance period, and the waveform stored by the power quality monitoring device PQM before the disturbance occurs, respectively; in the formula (1), the waveform x is continuous, while discrete values are stored in the actual power quality monitoring device PQM, the steady-state waveform is discrete quantity,
the expression is as follows:
it is necessary to express x (n) ═ x (nt) by a discrete waveform expressions) Obtaining discrete sampling values, wherein n represents the serial number of sampling points in a disturbance period, n is more than or equal to 0, and x (0) corresponds to the sampling points at the disturbance starting moment; k is a positive integer;
x is to bepSubstituting into formula (2) for substitution
The replacement can be completed.
5. The method for extracting high snr voltage sag disturbance signal according to claim 4, wherein the method for extracting the voltage sag disturbance value of the corresponding phase in step (4) is as follows:
and assigning the serial number n of the sampling point in the replaced expression, and extracting A, B, C the three-phase voltage sag disturbance quantity.
6. A high signal-to-noise ratio voltage sag disturbance signal extraction system for reconstructing a steady state waveform is characterized by comprising: a network interface, a memory, and a processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the network interface is used for receiving and sending signals in the process of receiving and sending information with other external network elements;
the memory for storing a computer program operable on the processor;
the processor, when running the computer program, is configured to perform the steps of the method for extracting a high signal-to-noise ratio voltage sag disturbance signal for reconstructing a steady-state waveform according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. A computer storage medium storing a program for high signal-to-noise ratio voltage sag disturbance signal extraction for reconstructing a steady-state waveform, the program for high signal-to-noise ratio voltage sag disturbance signal extraction for reconstructing a steady-state waveform being executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method for high signal-to-noise ratio voltage sag disturbance signal extraction for reconstructing a steady-state waveform of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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