CN107568326A - A kind of fresh pomegranate method for preserving - Google Patents
A kind of fresh pomegranate method for preserving Download PDFInfo
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- CN107568326A CN107568326A CN201711030441.6A CN201711030441A CN107568326A CN 107568326 A CN107568326 A CN 107568326A CN 201711030441 A CN201711030441 A CN 201711030441A CN 107568326 A CN107568326 A CN 107568326A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fresh pomegranate method for preserving, to adopting rear fresh pomegranate using the stifling sterilizations of TBZ (thiabendazole), prevent pomegranate from rotting, handled using certain density 1 MCP (1 methyl cyclopropene), delay to adopt rear pomegranate physiological maturity, in 24 DEG C of temperature, pomegranate is stored in freezer under the conditions of relative humidity 95%, low temperature, high humidity Main Factors combine preservation technology, prevent pericarp browning during pomegranate storage, extend shelf-life, it is anti-oxidant by strengthening fruit, the ability of anti-aging, so as to effective Scavenger of ROS, mitigate the toxic action of active oxygen, effectively control during pomegranate fruit preservation and brown stain occurs；The relatively high-caliber soluble solid of seed, titratable acid, content of reducing sugar and higher crushing juice rate can be maintained, the browned area and rotting mechanism of refrigeration phase pomegranate are reduced, extends shelf-life, keeps better quality, storage time 110 days, healthy fruit more than 95%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to conserving fresh field, and in particular to a kind of fresh pomegranate method for preserving.
Background technology
Fruits and vegetables are in transportation is stored after harvesting, when by itself aging, oxidative stress, unsuitable environmental condition (such as
High temperature, low temperature, uncomfortable gas componant), vibration and when mechanical wounding, pathogen invasion and attack, H in fruits and vegetables body2O2Isoreactivity oxygen largely accumulates
Tired, intracellular free radicals metabolism dynamic equilibrium is broken, and is triggered or is aggravated lipid peroxidation, cause cytoplasmic membrane system to damage
Wound.Free-radical chemistry property is very active, can be changed into ultra-oxygen anion free radical (O2 -.), can derive turns into H2O2, hydroxyl from
By base (OH-), singlet oxygen (1O2) etc..Hydroxy radical can trigger lipid (RH) peroxide of unrighted acid on cytoplasma membrane
Change reaction, a series of active oxygen radicals are produced, such as lipid free radical (R), lipid free radical (RO), fat peroxy radical
(ROO), lipoperoxide (ROOH) isoreactivity oxygen radical.If lack the enzyme or material of removing free radical in cell, machine
Body will be injured by various free radicals.In fact, there is complete SCAVENGING SYSTEM OF ACTIVATED OXYGEN in fruits and vegetables body, including it is various
Antioxidase and antioxidant.Enzymatic and the class peroxide system of defense of non-enzymatic two in fruits and vegetables body be present.Superoxide dismutase
Enzyme (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase enzyme (APX), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) etc. are that enzymatic is prevented
The important protective enzyme of imperial system.Reduce the right and wrong such as type ascorbic acid (ASA), polyamines, tocopherol and reduced glutathione (GSH)
Important antioxidant in enzyme system of defense.Therefore, O2 -、H2O2、OH-The content of isoreactivity oxygen level and scavenger enzyme and scavenger
Can be as the physiological and biochemical index for weighing fruits and vegetables aging degree.
Phenol-phenolase compartmentalization distribution theory is one of theory for explaining Browning Mechanism.Fruits and vegetables pericarp browning is phenols
The enzymatic browning that material occurs under PPO and POD enzyme effects, cause the aldehydes matter of fruit browning a lot, such as tyrosine, DOPA
Amine, hydroquinones, catechol, chlorogenic acid, anthocyanidin, tannin etc., if the main substrate of Banana peel brown stain is dopamine, duck
Pears, apple, the main browning substrates of peach are chlorogenic acids, and denaturation substrate is catechol compound, in Castanea Mollissima Seeds
Browning substrates are tannin, and free polyphenols is the main substrate of longan peel browning reaction, and to pericarpium granati brown stain bottom
The research of thing is there is not yet report.
Second of saying is that oxygen radical injures theory.The ripening and senescence of fruit is an extremely complex Physiology and biochemistry mistake
Journey, free radical theory think that aging course is the process of active oxygen metabolism imbalance and accumulation.During plant senescence, activity
Oxygen scavenging system ability declines or disorder can cause plant activity itself oxygen metabolism to be lacked of proper care, a large amount of active oxygens of cylinder accumulation, induction
Peroxidating occurs for film fat, causes the increase of Lipid peroxidation metabolism product, plant is damaged, accelerate aging.Therefore, vegetable active oxygen
Metabolic imbalance and the senescence process of plant are closely related.
Easily occurring pericarp browning during pomegranate storage, brown stain once occurs for pericarp, can substantially reduce pomegranate commodity value,
Huge economic loss is caused to orchard worker.Domestic orchard worker stores pomegranate using the methods of deepfreeze, air conditioned storage mostly, but stores
Brown stain can still be occurred by hiding later stage fruit, influence product quality, it is difficult to meet market needs.
The content of the invention
In order to solve problems of the prior art, the invention discloses a kind of fresh pomegranate method for preserving, pass through increasing
Strong fruit is anti-oxidant, anti-aging ability, so as to effective Scavenger of ROS, mitigates the toxic action of active oxygen, effectively controls stone
Brown stain occurs during pomegranate fruit storage.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of fresh pomegranate method for preserving, including it is following
Step：
The first step, choose fresh pomegranate；
Second step, precooling treatment：The first precooling in the freezer that temperature is 2-4 DEG C and relative humidity is 95% of fresh pomegranate
48h；During precooling, with active ingredient be 4.5% thiabendazole (TBZ) fumigant, by 7g/m3Dosage fresh pomegranate is smoked
Steam 6 hours.
3rd step, packaging：The pomegranate that the first step is chosen loads sealed polyethylene plastic packaging bag, is wrapped up with degreasing cotton
A certain amount of 1-MCP (1- methyl cyclopropenes) powder, is positioned in the plastics small beaker of opening, and be positioned over dress rapidly after adhesional wetting
Have in the sealed polyethylene plastic bag of pomegranate, seal sack, load frame of plastic, be put into freezer.
4th step, storage：Stored in the freezer under the conditions of 2-4 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 95%.
The fresh pomegranate that the first step is chosen requires fruit full maturity, no disease and pests harm, no machinery wound.
The thickness of polythene film bag used in 3rd step is 0.04mm, and size is 70cm × 40cm, and pack pomegranate when
Sealed at sack 10cm.
The dosage of 1-MCP (1- methyl cyclopropenes) powder is used in 3rd step：5kg pomegranates use 10mg1-MCP (1- methyl
Cyclopropylene) powder.
1-MCP active ingredient is 10%, and concentration is：It is put into by polybag volume 3.125mg/L.
When freezer described in 4th step stacks storage, the wide 60cm of main air duct is stayed, the wide 30cm in crosswind road, side spacing between frame of plastic
1.0cm。
When storage time reaches 60 days, according to the 3rd step methods described and dosage, sealed polyethylene plastic bag and 1- are changed
MCP (1- methyl cyclopropenes).
Compared with prior art, the present invention at least has the advantages that：Sterilized using TBZ (thiabendazole) is stifling,
Prevent pomegranate from rotting, handled using certain density 1-MCP (1- methyl cyclopropenes), delay to adopt rear pomegranate physiological maturity, in temperature
2-4 DEG C of degree, store pomegranate in the freezer under the conditions of relative humidity 95%, the above-mentioned factor it is compound under, higher mistake can be kept
Oxide enzyme (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase enzyme (APX) activity
Level, reduction type ascorbic acid (ASA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) high level is kept, reduce pericarpium granati O2-. productions
Raw speed and MDA (MDA) content, enhancing fruit is anti-oxidant and the ability of anti-aging, so as to effective Scavenger of ROS, mitigates
The toxic action of active oxygen, brown stain occurs when effectively controlling pomegranate fruit storage；1-MCP processing can maintain the of a relatively high water of pomegranate
Flat soluble solid, titratable acid, content of reducing sugar and crushing juice rate, effectively reduce browned area and the corruption of refrigeration phase pomegranate
Rotten index, so as to the aging of delayed fruit, keep better quality, storage time 110 days, healthy fruit more than 95%.
Further, when freezer stacks storage, the wide 60cm of main air duct, the wide 30cm in crosswind road, frame of plastic spacing 1.0cm are stayed,
It is easy to divulge information.
Further, polybag and 1-MCP pulvis are changed after storing 60 days, handles, is prevented because of moisture in polybag again
Content is excessive to cause fruit rot.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is influence of the various concentrations 1-MCP processing to pericarpium granati browned area.
Fig. 2 is influence of the various concentrations 1-MCP processing to pericarpium granati rotting mechanism.
Fig. 3 is that various concentrations 1-MCP is handled to the active influence of superoxide dismutase in pericarpium granati (SOD).
Fig. 4 is that various concentrations 1-MCP is handled to the active influence of catalase in pericarpium granati (CAT).
Fig. 5 is that various concentrations 1-MCP is handled to the active influence of ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX) in pericarpium granati.
Fig. 6 is influence of the various concentrations 1-MCP processing to reduced glutathione in pericarpium granati (GSH) content.
Fig. 7 is influence of the various concentrations 1-MCP processing to reduction type ascorbic acid (AsA) content in pericarpium granati.
Fig. 8 is influence of the various concentrations 1-MCP processing to content of reducing sugar in pomegranate fruit seed grain.
Fig. 9 is influence of the various concentrations 1-MCP processing to titratable acid content in pomegranate fruit seed grain.
Figure 10 is influence of the various concentrations 1-MCP processing to soluble solid content in pomegranate fruit seed grain.
Figure 11 is influence of the various concentrations 1-MCP processing to pomegranate fruit seed grain crushing juice rate.
Figure 12 is influence of the various concentrations 1-MCP processing to MDA in pericarpium granati (MDA) content.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, a kind of fresh pomegranate method for preserving, including following
Step：
The first step, choose fresh pomegranate：Net skin pomegranate fruit is chosen, fruit full maturity, pericarp color is bright-coloured, and seed is sparkling and crystal-clear
Full, no disease and pests harm, no machinery wound, fruit size is uniform；
Second step, precooling treatment：The first precooling in the freezer that temperature is 2-4 DEG C and relative humidity is 95% of fresh pomegranate
48h；During precooling, with active ingredient be 4.5% thiabendazole (TBZ) fumigant, by 7g/m3Dosage fumigates fresh pomegranate
6 hours, sterilizing.
3rd step, packaging：The pomegranate that the first step is chosen is fitted into the thick sealed polyethylene plastic packaging bags of 0.04mm, used
Degreasing cotton wraps up 10.0mg 1-MCP powder and is positioned over after bedewing in small beaker, and is positioned over rapidly equipped with 5 kilograms of pomegranates
Sealed polyethylene plastic bag in, then be loaded into frame of plastic, be put into freezer.
4th step, storage：Storage is stacked in the freezer under the conditions of 2-4 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 95%；Freezer is stacked
When, stay the wide 60cm of main air duct, the wide 30cm in crosswind road, frame of plastic side side spacing 1.0cm, to divulge information.
It is of the invention to carry out five embodiments simultaneously, carried out according to aforementioned four step, the difference is that embodiment 1, implementation
1-MCP concentration is respectively used by example 2, embodiment 3 and the step of embodiment 4 the 3rd：0.625mg/L、3.125mg/L、6.25mg/
L and 9.375mg/L, the step 3 of embodiment five do not use 1-MCP.Five embodiments are carried out afterwards respectively to the brown stain face of pomegranate
Product, peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase enzyme
(APX) activity level and reduction type ascorbic acid (ASA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) content, pericarpium granati O2- is produced
Raw speed, MDA (MDA) content are detected and evaluated.
As shown in figure 1, changed with time feelings using the browned area of pericarpium granati after the 1-MCP processing of various concentrations
Condition, example IV to adopt rear pomegranate browned area minimum, be secondly embodiment 2, pomegranate of the browned area respectively than embodiment 5 is brown
Variable area is small by 12%, 13%.
As shown in Fig. 2 the rear pomegranate of adopting of different embodiments rots to change over time situation, first 30 days all, and to adopt rear pomegranate equal
Do not occur fruit rot, fruit rotting mechanism rises rapidly with the extension of storage time after 30 days, embodiment 1,2,3 and 4
Fruit rot index is substantially less than the fruit rot index of embodiment 5；The fruit rot index of embodiment 4 is minimum, its fruit
Amount of decay is minimum.
As shown in figure 3, rear pericarpium granati superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of adopting of different embodiments changes over time feelings
Condition, 1-MCP can induce storage pomegranate fruit superoxide dismutase early stage (SOD) activity rise,
As shown in figure 4, rear pericarpium granati catalase (CAT) activity of adopting of different embodiments changes over time situation,
The surface 1-MCP processing of embodiment 1~4 can keep catalase (CAT) activity of pomegranate, and then promote pericarpium granati inner product
Tired H2O2Decompose, reduce H2O2Oxidative damage caused by possible to plant tissue.
H is removed in ascorbate peroxidase enzyme (APX) and catalase (CAT) collaboration2O2, active oxygen is reduced to tissue
Injury.As shown in figure 5, different embodiments adopt rear pericarpium granati ascorbate peroxidase enzyme (APX) activity anaplasia at any time
Change situation, 1-MCP processing can keep pericarpium granati APX activity levels, so as to illustrate that APX has stronger removing H2O2Ability,
And adopting for embodiment 3 keeps APX activity preferably at 110 days in rear pericarpium granati.
As shown in fig. 6, the rear pericarpium granati reduced glutathione (GSH) of adopting of different embodiments changes over time situation table
Bright, 1-MCP processing makes pericarpium granati keep higher GSH contents, so as to effectively remove H2O2, while improve cellular anti-oxidant system
The reduction potential of system.
As shown in fig. 7, the rear pericarpium granati reduction type ascorbic acid (AsA) of adopting of different embodiments changes over time situation,
Reduction type ascorbic acid (AsA) content of pericarpium granati is best in embodiment 4, and embodiment 2 is taken second place, and 1-MCP processing is advantageous to protect
Higher reduction type ascorbic acid (AsA) content of pericarpium granati is held, strengthens pericarpium granati oxidation resistance.
As shown in figure 8, different embodiments adopt in rear pomegranate seed content of reducing sugar as storage time extends
Reduce, at 110 days, content of reducing sugar reduction amount is minimum in pomegranate seed in embodiment 1, and embodiment 2 is taken second place, stone in embodiment 5
Content of reducing sugar reduction amount is maximum in pomegranate seed.
As shown in figure 9, different embodiments adopt titratable acid content in rear pomegranate seed as the extension of storage number of days is equal
Decline in setback formula, when storing 110 days, the titratable acid content in rear pomegranate seed of adopting of embodiment 1,2,3 and embodiment 4 is higher than
Embodiment 5, embodiment 4 adopt titratable acid content slippage minimum in rear pomegranate seed.
Soluble solid content can directly react the maturity and quality status of fruits and vegetables, as shown in Figure 10, different real
The rear pomegranate fruit seed soluble solid content of adopting for applying example changes over time situation, shows that 1-MCP can slow down fruit maturation
Aging, effect is preferable when low concentration is handled.
The loss degree of moisture and nutritional ingredient when crushing juice rate reflects fruit senescence, crushing juice rate is higher, and fresh-keeping effect is better.
As shown in figure 11, declined with the extension crushing juice rate of storage time, the pomegranate fruit crushing juice rate of embodiment 1~4 is higher than
The pomegranate fruit crushing juice rate of embodiment 5.
MDA is one of primary product of peroxidation of membrane lipids, and its content is usually as Lipid peroxidation index, instead
The degree of peroxidation of cellular membranes and the degree of toxicity of biological active oxygen effect are reflected, pomegranate is in aging course, the unsaturation of cell membrane lipid
Easily by the attack of free radical peroxidation occurs for aliphatic acid, and as shown in figure 12, the 1-MCP processing of suitable concentration can mitigate
Film peroxidation, delay the rapid increase of pericarpium granati MDA contents.
Pass through 1~4 pair of peroxidase (POD) of comparative example, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase
(CAT), ascorbate peroxidase enzyme (APX) activity level and reduction type ascorbic acid (ASA) and reduced glutathione
(GSH) content, reduces the impact effect that pericarpium granati O2-. produces speed and MDA contents, and the present invention uses 1-MCP concentration
3.125mg/L~6.25mg/L treatment effect is all relatively good.
1-MCP handles SOD, CAT and APX activity level that can keep higher and GSH, AsA content, reduces pericarpium granati
O2- produces speed and MDA contents, and enhancing fruit is anti-oxidant, anti-aging ability, so as to effective Scavenger of ROS, mitigates activity
The toxic action of oxygen, brown stain occurs when effectively controlling pomegranate fruit storage.
1-MCP processing can maintain seed relatively high-caliber soluble solid, titratable acid, reduced sugar and juice
Rate, the browned area and rotting mechanism of refrigeration phase pomegranate are reduced, keep better quality；Comprehensive preservation effect and economic benefit,
3.125mg/L1-MCP best results, when storing 110d, seed content of reducing sugar 13.66%, crushing juice rate 78.7%, pericarp browning
Area 23%, fruit rot index 9.0%, commodity fruit rate more than 95%.
Using the stifling sterilizations of TBZ (thiabendazole), prevent pomegranate from rotting, using certain density 1-MCP (1- methyl rings third
Alkene) processing, delay to adopt rear pomegranate physiological maturity, pomegranate is stored in the freezer under the conditions of 2-4 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 95%,
The above-mentioned factor it is compound under, higher peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase can be kept
(CAT), ascorbate peroxidase enzyme (APX) activity level, reduction type ascorbic acid (ASA) and reduced glutathione are kept
(GSH) high level, reduce pericarpium granati O2-. and produce speed and MDA (MDA) content, enhancing fruit is anti-oxidant and anti-ageing
Old ability, so as to effective Scavenger of ROS, mitigate the toxic action of active oxygen, occur when effectively controlling pomegranate fruit storage brown
Become.
Currently preferred sealed polyethylene plastic bag size is 70cm × 40cm；Thiabendazole (TBZ's) of use has
It is 4.5% to imitate composition, by 7g/m3Dosage is stifling 6 hours by fresh pomegranate；1-MCP active ingredient is 10%, and presses polybag
Volume 3.125mg/L is put into, and using being wrapped up with absorbent cotton, is then bedewed, be placed in small beaker, place into equipped with pomegranate
In sealed polyethylene plastic bag.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of fresh pomegranate method for preserving, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
The first step, choose fresh pomegranate；
Second step, precooling treatment：The first precooling 48h in the freezer that temperature is 2-4 DEG C and relative humidity is 95% of fresh pomegranate；In advance
Between cold period, with active ingredient be 4.5% thiabendazole (TBZ) fumigant, by 7g/m3Dosage stifling to fresh pomegranate 6 it is small
When；
3rd step, packaging：The pomegranate that the first step is chosen loads sealed polyethylene plastic packaging bag, is wrapped up with degreasing cotton certain
1-MCP (1- methyl cyclopropenes) powder of amount, is positioned in the plastics small beaker of opening, and be positioned over rapidly equipped with stone after adhesional wetting
In the sealed polyethylene plastic bag of pomegranate, sack is sealed, loads frame of plastic, is put into freezer；
4th step, storage：Storage is stacked in the freezer under the conditions of 2-4 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 95%.
A kind of 2. fresh pomegranate method for preserving according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fresh pomegranate that the first step is chosen
It is required that fruit full maturity, no disease and pests harm, no machinery wound.
A kind of 3. fresh pomegranate method for preserving according to claim 1, it is characterised in that polyethylene film used in the 3rd step
The thickness of bag is 0.04mm, and size is 70cm × 40cm, and is being sealed during packaging pomegranate at sack 10cm.
A kind of 4. fresh pomegranate method for preserving according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 1-MCP (1- first used in the 3rd step
Cyclopropene) dosage of powder is：5kg pomegranates use 10mg1-MCP (1- methyl cyclopropenes) powder.
5. a kind of fresh pomegranate method for preserving according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 1-MCP active ingredient is
10%, concentration is：It is put into by polybag volume 3.125mg/L.
6. a kind of fresh pomegranate method for preserving according to claim 1, it is characterised in that freezer described in the 4th step stacks storage
During Tibetan, the wide 60cm of main air duct is stayed, the wide 30cm in crosswind road, side spacing 1.0cm between frame of plastic.
A kind of 7. fresh pomegranate method for preserving according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when storage time reaches 60 days,
According to the 3rd step methods described and dosage, sealed polyethylene plastic bag and 1-MCP (1- methyl cyclopropenes) are changed.
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| CN201711030441.6A CN107568326A (en) | 2017-10-27 | 2017-10-27 | A kind of fresh pomegranate method for preserving |
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| CN201711030441.6A CN107568326A (en) | 2017-10-27 | 2017-10-27 | A kind of fresh pomegranate method for preserving |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110074178A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-02 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of controlled atmosphere method for preserving of instant pomegranate seed |
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| CN102302053A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-01-04 | 陕西师范大学 | Method for preserving muskmelon fresh fruit |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110074178A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-02 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of controlled atmosphere method for preserving of instant pomegranate seed |
| CN110074178B (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2022-11-29 | 华南理工大学 | Modified atmosphere preservation method of instant pomegranate seeds |
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