CN107565633A - A kind of euqalizing current control circuit, battery circuit and control method - Google Patents

A kind of euqalizing current control circuit, battery circuit and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107565633A
CN107565633A CN201710812275.9A CN201710812275A CN107565633A CN 107565633 A CN107565633 A CN 107565633A CN 201710812275 A CN201710812275 A CN 201710812275A CN 107565633 A CN107565633 A CN 107565633A
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voltage
battery
switch
frequency
current control
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CN201710812275.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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肖川
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Spin Tech (Shenzhen) Co.,Ltd.
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Shanghai Rui Hui Semiconductor Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710812275.9A priority Critical patent/CN107565633A/en
Publication of CN107565633A publication Critical patent/CN107565633A/en
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of euqalizing current control circuit, battery circuit and control method, and the control circuit includes:Voltage detection unit, for sampling the first voltage of the first battery and the second voltage of the second battery, and by the way that first voltage compared with second voltage, to be obtained to pressure difference and the output of first voltage and second voltage;Switching frequency regulates and controls unit, is connected with voltage detection unit, for according to deviation multiple of the pressure difference compared to setting pressure difference, retroregulation configuration switch frequency, producing regulating switch frequency and exporting;Switch element, be connected with switching frequency regulation and control unit, for the disconnection switched in controlling switch unit according to regulating switch frequency and closure, average current while realizing balancing battery voltage during control battery voltage balanced.By circuit of the present invention and method, the problem of solving existing voltage balance circuit and existing causes heating serious because electric current is excessive, and the ability of equalization is limited.

Description

A kind of euqalizing current control circuit, battery circuit and control method
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery charging and discharging technical field, more particularly to a kind of euqalizing current control circuit, battery circuit And control method.
Background technology
With the extensive application of portable charging apparatus, to the capacity requirement more and more higher of battery, it is desirable to battery output Electric current is increasing, but electric current output it is too big, not only system design difficulty is substantially improved, at the same under high current battery heating As outstanding problem.Under conditions of power output is certain, the voltage of battery series connection is higher, and output current will be smaller, and this just makes The series connection application for obtaining battery is more and more wider.While battery series connection is used widely, problems are also faced with, wherein, such as What realizes that battery voltage balanced is exactly one of them.
Battery voltage balanced refers to battery during charge or discharge, to keep the voltage of all series-connected cells identical, But this is very difficult to be realized by battery itself.Although internal resistance and capacity of the series-connected cell when dispatching from the factory per batteries are Identical, if now being charged with 2A electric currents to two section series-connected cells, the blanking voltage of charging is 8.4V, after charging terminates, Voltage per batteries is 4.2V;But when battery is after tens of or even hundreds of secondary charge and discharge cycles, even aging, often economize on electricity Certain random change can all occur in the internal resistance in pond and capacity, if now also being carried out with same equipment to the two sections series-connected cell 8.4V charges, then the voltage per batteries is just no longer 4.2V, but is inversely proportional with battery capacity, is also inversely proportional with internal resistance;Such as Two section series-connected cells are after discharge and recharge after a while, the capacity attenuation 5% of a batteries, the capacity attenuation of another batteries 20%, when now carrying out 8.4V chargings to the two sections series-connected cell, the voltage of two batteries is approximately:
Battery capacity decay 20% battery both end voltage be:VBAT1=8.4V*0.95/ (0.8+0.95)=4.56V
Battery capacity decay 5% battery both end voltage be:VBAT2=8.4V*0.8/ (0.8+0.95)=3.84V
It was found from above formula, after random decay occurs for battery capacity, it would be possible to cause charging voltage in two batteries Upper to produce different voltages, the more batteries of capacity attenuation, itself capacity becomes smaller, and both end voltage is higher, or even has been higher by electricity The safe voltage scope of pond in itself, causes the generation of potential safety hazard.
Because the randomness of battery capacity decay can not change, i.e., series circuit is bound to the decay of battery capacity There is the problem of cell voltage distribution is uneven, it is therefore desirable in serial connection charge, equilibrium is carried out to the voltage of each rechargeable battery, by force System makes every section series-connected cell voltage in discharge and recharge all identical, when avoiding certain batteries from causing discharge and recharge because of battery capacity change Its voltage is different from other cell voltages.
And in existing voltage balance circuit, mainly each cell voltage is compared using comparator, finds out battery The high battery of voltage, and in serial connection charge, in the battery both ends of a high voltage resistance in parallel, allow part charging current to exist Flowed away during charging from resistance bypass, reduce the electric current for being filled with the battery, so as to control voltage of the battery in charging to rise Speed is slower than other batteries, until the cell voltage is identical with other cell voltages, completes equilibrium during battery charging.Existing electricity Although pressing equalizing circuit is simple easily to realize, there is also shortcomings:Resistance by-pass current is such as used, resistance heating can be caused;Adopt Although can reduce heating with power resistor, power resistor space-consuming is big, does not utilize and reduces circuit volume;And resistance bypasses The ability of equalization it is limited, generally within 200mA.Therefore it provides a kind of more efficient equalizing circuit is that present assistant officer is to be solved Problem.
The content of the invention
In view of the above the shortcomings that prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of euqalizing current control circuit, Battery circuit and control method are serious and balanced in the presence of heating is caused because electric current is excessive for solving existing voltage balance circuit The problem of limited in one's ability.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides a kind of euqalizing current control circuit, the equilibrium Current control circuit includes:
Voltage detection unit, for sample the first battery first voltage and the second battery second voltage, and pass through by The first voltage obtains the pressure difference of the first voltage and the second voltage and defeated compared with the second voltage Go out;
Switching frequency regulates and controls unit, is connected with the voltage detection unit, for being exported according to the voltage detection unit Pressure difference, compared with setting pressure difference, and according to the pressure difference compared to it is described setting pressure difference deviation multiple, Retroregulation configuration switch frequency, so as to produce a regulating switch frequency and export;And
Switch element, it is connected with switching frequency regulation and control unit, for regulating and controlling unit output according to the switching frequency Regulating switch frequency, control the disconnection switched in the switch element and closure, controlled while realizing balancing battery voltage The average current of the euqalizing current control circuit.
Preferably, the voltage detection unit includes an error amplifier, the first input end of the error amplifier with The positive pole connection of first battery, the second input of the error amplifier are connected with the positive pole of second battery, institute The output end for stating error amplifier is connected with the input of switching frequency regulation and control unit.
Preferably, the switching frequency regulation and control unit includes a voltage controlled frequency generator, the voltage controlled frequency generator Input is connected with the output end of the voltage detection unit, output end and the switch element of the voltage controlled frequency generator Connection.
Preferably, the switching frequency regulation and control unit is realized using microprocessor.
Preferably, the switch element includes switching capacity, first switch and second switch, one end of the switching capacity It is connected with the control terminal of the first switch, the other end of the switching capacity is connected with the control terminal of the second switch, institute The first connection end for stating first switch is connected with the positive pole of first battery, the second connection end of the first switch with it is described The negative pole connection of first battery, the first connection end of the second switch are connected with the positive pole of second battery, and described second The second connection end of switch is connected with the negative pole of second battery, wherein, the control terminal of the first switch and described second The regulating switch FREQUENCY CONTROL that the control terminal of switch exports by switching frequency regulation and control unit.
The present invention also provides a kind of euqalizing current control method, and the control method includes:
Sample the first voltage of the first battery and the second voltage of the second battery, and by by the first voltage with it is described Second voltage is compared, and obtains the pressure difference of the first voltage and the second voltage;
By the way that the pressure difference is pressed compared with setting pressure difference, and according to the pressure difference compared to the setting The deviation multiple of difference, retroregulation configuration switch frequency, produce a regulating switch frequency;And
According to the disconnection and closure switched in the regulating switch FREQUENCY CONTROL euqalizing current control circuit, balanced electricity is realized The average current of the euqalizing current control circuit is controlled while cell voltage.
Preferably, obtaining the method for the regulating switch frequency includes:According to the deviation multiple, described in inverse proportion regulation and control Configuration switch frequency;The regulating switch frequency meets equation below:Wherein, FreqFor regulating switch frequency, FreqsFor configuration switch frequency, n is deviation multiple.
Preferably, the average current of the euqalizing current control circuit is a steady state value, and its value meets that formula is as follows:I=C ×ΔVS×Freqs, wherein, I be the euqalizing current control circuit average current, C be switching capacity capacitance, Δ VSTo set Differential pressure value, FreqsFor configuration switch frequency.
The present invention also provides a kind of battery circuit, and the battery circuit includes:
N batteries;
The charhing unit or energy-storage units being connected with the N sections battery;And
It is connected to two adjacent sections battery both ends, (N-1) as described above described in any one individual euqalizing current control circuit; Wherein, N is the integer more than or equal to 2.
Preferably, it is cascaded structure or parallel-connection structure that N, which saves the battery,.
As described above, a kind of euqalizing current control circuit, battery circuit and the control method of the present invention, have beneficial below Effect:
1st, euqalizing current control circuit of the present invention not only solves the equalization problem of cell voltage, improves the control The ability of equalization of circuit processed, also by regulating and controlling the size of current in the control circuit, improve the safety of the control circuit Property, avoid and generated heat because electric current is excessive, and then cause the generation of safety problem.
2nd, not only circuit structure is simple for euqalizing current control circuit of the present invention, it is easy to accomplish, and occupy little space, It is easy to reduce circuit volume.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is shown as the circuit block diagram of euqalizing current control circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is shown as the circuit diagram of euqalizing current control circuit described in embodiment one.
Fig. 3 is shown as the flow chart of euqalizing current control method described in embodiment two.
Fig. 4 is shown as the circuit diagram of battery circuit described in embodiment three.
Component label instructions
10 voltage detection units
20 switching frequencies regulate and control unit
30 switch elements
Embodiment
Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific instantiation, those skilled in the art can be by this specification Disclosed content understands other advantages and effect of the present invention easily.The present invention can also pass through specific realities different in addition The mode of applying is embodied or practiced, the various details in this specification can also be based on different viewpoints with application, without departing from Various modifications or alterations are carried out under the spirit of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is referred to Fig. 4.It should be noted that the diagram provided in the present embodiment only illustrates this in a schematic way The basic conception of invention, the component relevant with the present invention is only shown in schema then rather than according to package count during actual implement Mesh, shape and size are drawn, and kenel, quantity and the ratio of each component can be a kind of random change during its actual implementation, and its Assembly layout kenel may also be increasingly complex.
Embodiment one
As shown in figure 1, the present embodiment provides a kind of euqalizing current control circuit, the euqalizing current control circuit includes:
Voltage detection unit 10, for sampling the first voltage of the first battery and the second voltage of the second battery, and pass through By the first voltage compared with the second voltage, the pressure difference of the first voltage and the second voltage is obtained simultaneously Output;
Switching frequency regulates and controls unit 20, is connected with the voltage detection unit 10, for according to the voltage detection unit The pressure difference of output, compared with setting pressure difference, and according to deviation of the pressure difference compared to the setting pressure difference Multiple, retroregulation configuration switch frequency, so as to produce a regulating switch frequency and export;And
Switch element 30, it is connected with switching frequency regulation and control unit 20, for regulating and controlling unit according to the switching frequency The regulating switch frequency of output, controls the disconnection switched in the switch element and closure, while realizing balancing battery voltage Control the average current of the euqalizing current control circuit.
As an example, as shown in Fig. 2 the voltage detection unit 10 includes an error amplifier, the error amplifier First input end be connected with the positive pole of first battery, the second input of the error amplifier and second battery Positive pole connection, the input that the output end of the error amplifier and the switching frequency regulate and control unit is connected.
As an example, as shown in Fig. 2 switching frequency regulation and control unit 20 includes a voltage controlled frequency generator, the pressure The input of control frequency generator is connected with the output end of the voltage detection unit, the output end of the voltage controlled frequency generator It is connected with the switch element.
As another example, the switching frequency regulation and control unit 20 is realized using microprocessor.
As an example, as shown in Fig. 2 the switch element 30 includes switching capacity C0, first switch S1 and second switch S2, one end of the switching capacity C0 are connected with the control terminal of the first switch S1, the other end of the switching capacity C0 with The control terminal connection of the second switch S2, the first connection end of the first switch S1 and the positive pole of first battery connect Connect, the second connection end of the first switch S1 is connected with the negative pole of first battery, and the first of the second switch S2 connects Connect end to be connected with the positive pole of second battery, the second connection end of the second switch S2 and the negative pole of second battery connect Connect, wherein, the control terminal of the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 control terminal regulate and control list by the switching frequency The regulating switch FREQUENCY CONTROL of the output of member 20.
Embodiment two
As shown in figure 3, the present embodiment also provides a kind of euqalizing current control method, the control method includes:
Sample the first voltage of the first battery and the second voltage of the second battery, and by by the first voltage with it is described Second voltage is compared, and obtains the pressure difference of the first voltage and the second voltage;
By the way that the pressure difference is pressed compared with setting pressure difference, and according to the pressure difference compared to the setting The deviation multiple of difference, retroregulation configuration switch frequency, produce a regulating switch frequency;And
According to the disconnection and closure switched in the regulating switch FREQUENCY CONTROL euqalizing current control circuit, balanced electricity is realized The average current of the euqalizing current control circuit is controlled while cell voltage.
As an example, obtaining the method for the regulating switch frequency includes:According to the deviation multiple, inverse proportion regulation and control institute State configuration switch frequency;The regulating switch frequency meets equation below:Wherein, FreqFor regulating switch frequency, FreqsFor configuration switch frequency, n is deviation multiple.
It should be noted thatWherein, n is deviation multiple, and Δ V is pressure difference, Δ VSTo set pressure difference.
As an example, the average current of the euqalizing current control circuit is a steady state value, its value meets that formula is as follows:I =C × Δ VS×Freqs, wherein, I be the euqalizing current control circuit average current, C be switching capacity capacitance, Δ VS To set pressure difference, FreqsFor configuration switch frequency.
It should be noted that by regulating and controlling to the average current value of the euqalizing current control circuit, may be implemented in In the case of ensureing the euqalizing current control circuit security, the equilibrium of cell voltage is completed within the most short time.
Below by taking the euqalizing current control circuit of two section series-connected cells as an example, to euqalizing current controlling party described in the present embodiment The feasibility of method carries out reverse logic analysis, specific as follows:
Formula one is obtained according to electric charge formula I × t=C × U:And for switching capacity, above-mentioned formula one can It is transformed to formula two:I=C × Δ V/Tcyc=C × Δ V × Freq, wherein, I is the average electricity of the euqalizing current control circuit Stream, C be switching capacity capacitance, Δ V be two batteries voltage difference, FreqFor switching frequency;It was found from above-mentioned formula two, As switching frequency FreqOne regularly, and the change of the voltage difference Δ V between two batteries can directly result in the euqalizing current control The change of circuital current, therefore when the voltage difference Δ V between two batteries changes, inverse proportion adjusting switch frequency can be passed through Rate FreqRealize that the electric current of the euqalizing current control circuit is constant.
Embodiment three
As shown in figure 4, the present embodiment provides a kind of battery circuit, the battery circuit includes:
N batteries;
The charhing unit or energy-storage units being connected with the N sections battery;And
It is connected to two adjacent sections battery both ends, (N-1) as described in embodiment one individual euqalizing current control circuit;Its In, N is the integer more than or equal to 2.
As an example, it is cascaded structure or parallel-connection structure that N, which saves the battery,.
In summary, a kind of euqalizing current control circuit, battery circuit and control method of the invention, have beneficial below Effect:
1st, euqalizing current control circuit of the present invention not only solves the equalization problem of cell voltage, improves the control The ability of equalization of circuit processed, also by regulating and controlling the size of current in the control circuit, improve the safety of the control circuit Property, avoid and generated heat because electric current is excessive, and then cause the generation of safety problem.
2nd, not only circuit structure is simple for euqalizing current control circuit of the present invention, it is easy to accomplish, and occupy little space, It is easy to reduce circuit volume.
So the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcoming of the prior art and has high industrial utilization.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, not for the limitation present invention.It is any ripe Know the personage of this technology all can carry out modifications and changes under the spirit and scope without prejudice to the present invention to above-described embodiment.Cause This, those of ordinary skill in the art is complete without departing from disclosed spirit and institute under technological thought such as Into all equivalent modifications or change, should by the present invention claim be covered.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of euqalizing current control circuit, it is characterised in that the euqalizing current control circuit includes:
Voltage detection unit, for sampling the first voltage of the first battery and the second voltage of the second battery, and by by described in First voltage obtains pressure difference and the output of the first voltage and the second voltage compared with the second voltage;
Switching frequency regulates and controls unit, is connected with the voltage detection unit, for the pressure exported according to the voltage detection unit Difference, compared with setting pressure difference, and according to the pressure difference compared to it is described setting pressure difference deviation multiple, reversely Regulate and control configuration switch frequency, so as to produce a regulating switch frequency and export;And
Switch element, it is connected with switching frequency regulation and control unit, for regulating and controlling the tune of unit output according to the switching frequency Switching frequency is controlled, controls the disconnection switched in the switch element and closure, while realizing balancing battery voltage described in control The average current of euqalizing current control circuit.
2. euqalizing current control circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the voltage detection unit, which includes one, to be missed Poor amplifier, the first input end of the error amplifier are connected with the positive pole of first battery, the error amplifier Second input is connected with the positive pole of second battery, and the output end of the error amplifier and switching frequency regulation and control are single The input connection of member.
3. euqalizing current control circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the switching frequency regulation and control unit includes One voltage controlled frequency generator, the input of the voltage controlled frequency generator are connected with the output end of the voltage detection unit, institute The output end for stating voltage controlled frequency generator is connected with the switch element.
4. euqalizing current control circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the switching frequency regulation and control unit uses Microprocessor is realized.
5. euqalizing current control circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the switch element includes switch electricity Hold, first switch and second switch, one end of the switching capacity are connected with the control terminal of the first switch, the switch electricity The other end of appearance is connected with the control terminal of the second switch, the first connection end of the first switch and first battery Positive pole is connected, and the second connection end of the first switch is connected with the negative pole of first battery, and the first of the second switch Connection end is connected with the positive pole of second battery, and the second connection end of the second switch and the negative pole of second battery connect Connect, wherein, the control terminal of the control terminal of the first switch and the second switch is defeated by switching frequency regulation and control unit The regulating switch FREQUENCY CONTROL gone out.
6. a kind of euqalizing current control method, it is characterised in that the control method includes:
Sample the first voltage of the first battery and the second voltage of the second battery, and by by the first voltage and described second Voltage is compared, and obtains the pressure difference of the first voltage and the second voltage;
By by the pressure difference compared with setting pressure difference, and according to the pressure difference compared to the setting pressure difference Deviation multiple, retroregulation configuration switch frequency, produce a regulating switch frequency;And
According to the disconnection and closure switched in the regulating switch FREQUENCY CONTROL euqalizing current control circuit, balancing battery electricity is realized The average current of the euqalizing current control circuit is controlled while pressure.
7. euqalizing current control method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that obtain the side of the regulating switch frequency Method includes:According to the deviation multiple, inverse proportion regulates and controls the configuration switch frequency;The regulating switch frequency meets following public Formula:Wherein, FreqFor regulating switch frequency, FreqsFor configuration switch frequency, n is deviation multiple.
8. euqalizing current control method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the euqalizing current control circuit is put down Equal electric current is a steady state value, and its value meets that formula is as follows:I=C × Δ VS×Freqs, wherein, I is euqalizing current control electricity The average current on road, C be switching capacity capacitance, Δ VSTo set pressure difference, FreqsFor configuration switch frequency.
9. a kind of battery circuit, it is characterised in that the battery circuit includes:
N batteries;
The charhing unit or energy-storage units being connected with the N sections battery;And
It is connected to two adjacent sections battery both ends, (N-1) as described in any one of Claims 1 to 5 individual euqalizing current control Circuit;Wherein, N is the integer more than or equal to 2.
10. battery circuit according to claim 9, it is characterised in that N saves the battery as cascaded structure or and is coupled Structure.
CN201710812275.9A 2017-09-11 2017-09-11 A kind of euqalizing current control circuit, battery circuit and control method Pending CN107565633A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108767911A (en) * 2018-04-27 2018-11-06 天津市捷威动力工业有限公司 A method of it is balanced based on open-circuit voltage and capacity difference control

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