CN107561132B - Reaction device for researching growth influence factors of riverway microbial film - Google Patents
Reaction device for researching growth influence factors of riverway microbial film Download PDFInfo
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- CN107561132B CN107561132B CN201710738726.9A CN201710738726A CN107561132B CN 107561132 B CN107561132 B CN 107561132B CN 201710738726 A CN201710738726 A CN 201710738726A CN 107561132 B CN107561132 B CN 107561132B
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Abstract
the invention discloses a reaction device for researching growth influence factors of a riverway microbial film, which comprises a reaction tank, a circulation system and a dissolved oxygen electrode detection system; the reaction tank performs sewage circulation through a circulating system; and a detection probe of the dissolved oxygen electrode detection system extends into the reaction tank to detect the dissolved oxygen concentration values of a liquid phase, a boundary layer phase and a biomembrane phase in the reaction tank in real time. The device of the invention is an integrated device consisting of a reaction tank, a circulating water distribution system and a dissolved oxygen electrode detection system, wherein the circulating water distribution system is adopted in a simulated riverway, the thickness change of the biological membrane can be observed by a graduated cutting rule in the growth process of the biological membrane, after the system is stabilized, the cutting rule is used for accurately cutting the biological membrane at a sampling port to measure the average biological membrane density, and meanwhile, the dissolved oxygen electrode is used for measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration distribution of a liquid phase, a boundary layer phase and a biological membrane phase to obtain the boundary layer thickness, the aerobic layer thickness and the anaerobic layer thickness of the biological membrane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a reaction device for researching growth influence factors of a riverway microbial film, and belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering and hydromechanics.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of social economy and the continuous enlargement of small town scale in China, domestic sewage and industrial wastewater are generated in large quantities, so that the pollution degree of surface water and underground water in China is more and more serious, and the pollution of natural river channels is particularly obvious. Biofilms are an important component of water ecosystem. The microbes in suspension state in water body are adhered to the carrier of natural or artificial contact material by means of water flow conveying and microbe self-coagulation to form film-like microbe aggregate, which can degrade pollutant in water while absorbing organic pollutant in water to synthesize cell. Under the shearing and scouring action of the peripheral flowing water layer, on one hand, the biological film can absorb nutrient substances in water to grow and reproduce, on the other hand, the aged biological film can be peeled off to facilitate the growth of the new biological film, and the aim of purifying the water body is fulfilled in such a way repeatedly. Among various water body restoration technologies, the biomembrane technology has been widely used in the construction and restoration of water ecosystem in recent years due to its characteristics of strong environmental adaptability, convenient operation and management and good treatment effect.
At present, the device for simulating pollutant distribution and biofilm formation in a natural river channel is less, the influence of water body flow of the natural river channel on biofilm formation is rarely considered, and the traditional reactor for simulating pollutant degradation of the polluted water body has certain difficulty in measuring parameters such as biofilm density, water-biofilm interface mass transfer coefficient, biofilm aerobic layer thickness and anaerobic thickness, and cannot be used as a reactor for researching biofilm growth. Therefore, there is a need for the development of a reaction apparatus capable of studying the influence factors of the growth of the biofilm.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a reaction device for researching the influence factors of the growth of the microbial film in the riverway, wherein a reaction tank in the reaction device simulates a natural riverway, can research the influence of different bottom slope gradients (the speed and the flow state of water flow), different river bottom roughness, different grit porosities, different grit thicknesses and different water flow velocities on the growth of the microbial film, and can determine parameters such as the density of the biological film, the thickness of an aerobic layer of the biological film, the thickness of an anaerobic layer and the like under different factors.
in order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A reaction device for researching the growth influence factors of the microbial film of the riverway comprises a reaction tank, a circulating system and a dissolved oxygen electrode detection system; the reaction tank is used for carrying out sewage circulation through a circulating system; and a detection probe of the dissolved oxygen electrode detection system extends into the reaction tank to detect the dissolved oxygen concentration values of a liquid phase, a boundary layer phase and a biomembrane phase in the reaction tank in real time. And (3) obtaining the dissolved oxygen concentration values of the liquid phase, the boundary layer phase and the biomembrane phase in the reaction tank, and obtaining the change of the dissolved oxygen along the Z-axis direction so as to analyze the growth condition of the microbial membrane.
The dissolved oxygen electrode detection system comprises a dissolved oxygen electrode, a data amplifier and a display, wherein the dissolved oxygen electrode displays the detected dissolved oxygen concentration values of a liquid phase, a boundary layer phase and a biological membrane phase in the reaction tank in real time on the display through the data amplifier.
The reaction tank comprises a water inlet area, a reaction area and a water outlet area which are sequentially communicated; wherein, the reaction zone is rotationally connected with the water inlet zone and the water outlet zone; the bottoms of the water inlet area and the water outlet area are provided with lifting mechanisms; the water inlet area is provided with a water inlet and a circulating water inlet, and the water outlet area is provided with a water outlet and a circulating water outlet.
Wherein the circulating system comprises a water storage tank and a circulating pump; the water storage tank is connected with the aeration device (increasing dissolved oxygen in the sewage).
The reaction zone is a cavity surrounded by four side plates and a bottom plate; the four side plates are fixedly connected, the bottoms of the four side plates are provided with clamping heads, and the bottom plate is provided with clamping grooves which are mutually matched and connected with the clamping heads; the four side plates are connected with the bottom plate by inserting the clamping heads into the clamping grooves of the bottom plate.
Wherein, the bottom plate is detachable with four curb plates and is connected, can paste the gravel layer on the bottom plate, and the gravel layer can be prefabricated in advance.
The bottom plate is detachably connected with the four side plates, the bottom plate is a glass plate with a certain roughness, and a biological film formed on the bottom plate can be detached from the bottom plate and is directly arranged under a microscope for observation.
Wherein, the thickness of gravel layer is 1 ~ 3cm, and the porosity of gravel is 0.4 ~ 0.6.
The four side plates of the reaction zone are provided with graduated scales with measuring lengths, the starting points of the graduated scales start from the bottom plate, and the end points of the graduated scales extend to the top of the reaction zone.
The reaction zone bottom plate is provided with a knife seam, a knife ruler hinged with the knife seam is arranged in the knife seam, scales are carved on the knife ruler, and the scales extend along the height direction of the reaction zone cavity.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The device of the invention is an integrated device consisting of a reaction tank (simulated river channel), a circulating water distribution system and a dissolved oxygen electrode detection system, wherein the simulated river channel adopts the circulating water distribution system, the required length of the system is greatly shortened, the thickness change of the biological membrane can be observed by a graduated cutting rule in the growth process of the biological membrane, after the system is stabilized, the cutting rule is used for accurately cutting the biological membrane at a sampling port to measure the average biological membrane density, and meanwhile, the dissolved oxygen electrode is used for measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration distribution of a liquid phase, a boundary layer phase and a biological membrane phase to obtain the thickness of a biological membrane boundary layer, the thickness of an aerobic layer and the thickness of an anaerobic layer, thereby being capable of better reacting the mass transfer behavior of a water-.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a reaction apparatus for studying influencing factors of the growth of a river microbial film according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a reaction tank of the reaction apparatus for investigating influence factors on the growth of a microbial film in a river according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a connection relationship diagram of a cutting rule and a cutting seam in the reaction device for researching the influence factors of the growth of the microbial film in the river;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a bottom plate of the reaction apparatus for investigating the influence factors of the growth of the microbial film in the river according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a DO-Z scattergram showing the depth distribution of dissolved oxygen along a biofilm as measured by a dissolved oxygen electrode at a sampling port.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the reaction device for researching the influence factors on the growth of the microbial film in the river comprises a reaction tank 1, a circulation system and a dissolved oxygen electrode detection system; the dissolved oxygen electrode detection system comprises a dissolved oxygen electrode 6, a data amplifier 7 and a display 8, wherein the dissolved oxygen electrode 6 displays the detected dissolved oxygen concentration values of the real-time liquid phase, the boundary layer phase and the biomembrane phase in the reaction tank 1 on the display 8 through the data amplifier 7 by a detection probe extending into the reaction tank 1; the dissolved oxygen electrode 6 is arranged on the operation table 5; the reaction tank 1 performs sewage circulation through a circulating system; the reaction tank 1 comprises a water inlet area A, a reaction area B and a water outlet area C which are sequentially communicated; wherein, the reaction zone B is rotationally connected (hinged) with the water inlet zone A and the water outlet zone C, and the water in the water inlet zone A enters the reaction zone B through the triangular weir plate 12; the bottom of the water inlet area A and the bottom of the water outlet area C are both provided with a lifting rod 11, the lifting rods 11 are fixed on the suckers 10, the height of the water inlet area A can be adjusted by adjusting the lifting rods 11, so that the bottom slope gradient of the whole reaction tank 1 is adjusted, and the suckers 10 can be adsorbed on a test bed to play a stabilizing role; the water inlet area A is provided with a water inlet and a circulating water inlet, the water outlet area C is provided with a water outlet and a circulating water outlet, the water inlet is connected with a water inlet peristaltic pump 3, the water inlet flow is adjusted through the water inlet peristaltic pump 3, the water outlet is connected with a water outlet peristaltic pump 3, and the water outlet flow is controlled through the water outlet peristaltic pump; the circulating water inlet and the circulating water outlet are respectively connected with the circulating system. The circulating system comprises a water storage tank 2 and a circulating pump 4; the water storage tank 2 is connected with an aeration device 9, the aeration device 9 increases the dissolved oxygen of the sewage in the water storage tank 2, and the circulating pump 4 pumps the sewage in the reaction tank 1 into the water storage tank 2.
The reaction zone B is a cavity surrounded by four side plates 16 and a bottom plate 15; the four side plates 16 are fixedly connected in sequence, the bottom parts of the four side plates 16 are provided with clamping heads, and the bottom plate 15 is provided with clamping grooves which are mutually matched and connected with the clamping heads; the four side plates 16 are connected to the base plate 15 by inserting the clips into the slots of the base plate 15. Bottom plate 15 is detachable connection with four curb plates 16, and bottom plate 15 can also be pasted the gravel layer for the glass board (different roughness river bottoms) that have certain roughness on bottom plate 15, and the thickness on gravel layer is 1 ~ 3cm, and the porosity of gravel is 0.4 ~ 0.6 (has different porosity and different thickness gravel). Four side plates 16 of the reaction zone B are provided with graduated scales for measuring length, the starting points of the graduated scales start from the bottom plate 15, the end points of the graduated scales extend to the top of the reaction zone B, and the graduated scales can measure the thickness change of the biomembrane in the growth process.
Preparing sewage COD to be 13g/L, enabling the sewage to enter a water inlet area A through a water inlet peristaltic pump 3, enter a reaction area B through a triangular weir plate 12, enter a water outlet area C through a water outlet triangular weir plate 12, and then circularly flow through a circulating pump 4 until the water outlet COD of the water outlet area C is not changed (namely not reduced), and discharging clear water through a water outlet, thereby greatly shortening the required length of the reaction tank 1. (for example, the COD of the sewage is reduced to 1g/L from 13g/L, the reaction tank 1 with the length of dozens of meters is generally needed, but after the reaction tank 1 is added into a circulating system and is circulated for a plurality of times, the COD of the sewage can be reduced to 1g/L from 13g/L only by the short length of the reaction tank 1.)
Five sampling openings 14 are formed in the bottom side of the reaction area B along the water flow direction, valves are arranged on the sampling openings 14, knife seams 18 are arranged on the bottom plate 15 corresponding to two sides of each sampling opening 14 (every two knife seams 18 are in one group, the distance D between every two knife seams 18 is 1cm, which is beneficial for the knife ruler 17 to cut the biological membrane and performs sampling), a knife ruler 17 hinged with the knife seams 18 is arranged in the knife seams 18 (the knife ruler 17 is a very thin graduated ruler capable of cutting the biological membrane), scales are carved on the knife ruler 17 and extend along the height direction of a cavity of the reaction area B, on one hand, the knife ruler 17 can accurately measure the thickness change condition in the growth process of the biological membrane, on the other hand, the knife ruler 17 can be used for cutting the biological membrane at the sampling openings 14, and therefore the average density of the biological membrane can be measured. A cutting rule 17 can be placed in each slot 18, or only one cutting rule 17 can be placed, and then the cutting rule 17 can slide along the track 19 (the length direction L of the reaction area B). When the device is used, as shown in fig. 3, the cutting rule 17 stands at one side of the cavity of the reaction area B, so that the thickness change condition of a biological film (the biological film is attached to the bottom plate 15 to grow) in the growth process can be measured at any time, and when the cutting is needed, the cutting rule 17 is moved clockwise around the connecting point of the knife seam 18 and the cutting rule 17.
Average density of biofilm at five sampling ports 14performing a calculation wherein MbThe amount of the biofilm is mg/cm2Rho is the density of the biological membrane in mg/cm3And Th is the biofilm thickness in um. The average density of the biofilm reflects the structure and mass transfer of the biofilm.
The influence of different flow rates on the distribution of pollutants and the growth of biofilms was studied: 1. 50mL of activated sludge is injected into a reaction zone B of the reaction tank 1, and the culture time is set to be 24 h; 2. the flow rate gradient is set: 0.01m/s, 0.02m/s, 0.04m/s, 0.06m/s and 0.10m/s, and regulating the control flow rate of the water inlet and outlet peristaltic pump; 3. preparing sewage COD (chemical oxygen demand) to be 13g/L, enabling the sewage to enter a water inlet area A through a water inlet peristaltic pump 3, enter a reaction area B through a triangular weir plate 12, enter a water outlet area C through a water outlet triangular weir plate 12, then circularly flow by a circulating pump 4 until the water outlet COD of the water outlet area C is not changed, and discharging clear water through a water outlet; 4. reading rule data every 1h in the growth process of the biological film, recording the thickness of the biological film, and drawing a time-dependent change curve of the thickness of the biological film after continuously recording for 24h for experimental analysis; after the system is stable in operation, measuring the change curve of the microbial membrane at the positions of the B5 sampling ports 14 in the reaction area by using a dissolved oxygen electrode 6, adjusting a micro-operation table 5, enabling a probe of the dissolved oxygen electrode 6 to downwards face 50um each time, recording the concentration of the measured dissolved oxygen, and drawing a DO-Z scatter diagram (wherein the DO-Z scatter diagram of a certain sampling port under the flow rate of 0.01m/s is shown in figure 5); measuring the change of the dissolved oxygen along the depth direction by using a dissolved oxygen electrode 6, drawing a DO-Z scatter diagram, and judging the thickness of the boundary layer and the thickness of the aerobic layer of the biological membrane by using the DO-Z scatter diagram; 5. the detachable bottom plate 15 is detached, the cutting rule is moved to the sampling port 14, and 5 biofilm samples at the sampling port 14 are cut off and respectively weighed by m1＝47.88mg，m2＝49.34，m3＝53.21，m4＝55.72，m559.45, amount of biofilmThe amount of the biofilm at the five sampling ports 14 is 2.66mg/cm2，2.74mg/cm2，2.96mg/cm2，3.10mg/cm2，3.30mg/cm2Density of the bio-film with thickness Th 654 μm, 635 μm, 678 μm, 656 μm and 664 μmρ1＝4.07mg/cm3，ρ2＝4.32mg/cm3，ρ3＝4.37mg/cm3，ρ4＝4.73mg/cm3，ρ5＝4.97mg/cm3. 6. The marker used for the research of the pollutant distribution is methylene blue, 10mL of methylene blue solution with the concentration of 1mol/L is instantaneously injected at the water inlet of the device by adopting a pulse method, and the change of the concentration of the methylene blue is detected at the water outlet. During the experiment, samples can be taken every 60s for 4000s continuously, then the absorbance A is detected under an ultraviolet spectrophotometer, the corresponding concentration C (t) is obtained by utilizing a methylene blue standard curve, and the distribution of the pollutant methylene blueThen, the time t is taken as an x axis, E (x) is taken as a z axis to be plotted, so that a distribution curve of the pollutant methylene blue is obtained, a mathematical expression of E (t) is obtained by curve fitting through calculation software, and finally, the average residence time of the pollutant methylene blue in the device can be calculatedFurthermore, the effect of different slope slopes, different roughness of the river bottom, different porosity, different thickness of gravel (for gravel river bottoms) on the distribution of contaminants and the growth of microbial films can be set, and the operation and test methods are the same except for these different conditions.
The device can also research 1, gravels with different bottom slopes, different roughness and different porosities and thicknesses(for gravel-laden river bottoms) effects on pollutant distribution and microbial film growth; 2. the influence of different concentrations and different kinds of pollutants on the growth of the microbial film; 3. the device is used for representing the distribution of pollutants in the reaction zone B through a Residence Time Distribution (RTD) experiment, a cutting rule is used for cutting the biological membrane at the sampling port, and the quantity M of the biological membrane is measuredbWith biofilm thickness Th, using the formulaCalculating the density of the biological film at the sampling opening; and measuring the distribution of the dissolved oxygen along the depth of the biological membrane by adopting a dissolved oxygen electrode, and drawing a DO-Z scatter diagram so as to judge the thickness of the aerobic layer and the thickness of the anaerobic layer of the biological membrane.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And such obvious variations or modifications which fall within the spirit of the invention are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a reaction unit for studying river course microbial film growth influence factor which characterized in that: comprises a reaction tank, a circulating system and a dissolved oxygen electrode detection system; the reaction tank is used for carrying out sewage circulation through a circulating system; a detection probe of the dissolved oxygen electrode detection system extends into the reaction tank, and the dissolved oxygen concentration values of a liquid phase, a boundary layer phase and a biomembrane phase in the reaction tank are detected in real time; the reaction tank comprises a water inlet area, a reaction area and a water outlet area which are sequentially communicated; wherein, the reaction zone is rotationally connected with the water inlet zone and the water outlet zone; five sampling ports are formed in the bottom side of the reaction zone along the water flow direction, knife seams are formed in the bottom plate and correspond to two sides of each sampling port, a knife ruler hinged with the knife seams is arranged in each knife seam, scales are carved on the knife ruler, and the scales extend along the height direction of the cavity of the reaction zone.
2. the reaction device for researching the influence factors on the growth of the microbial film in the riverway according to claim 1, wherein: the dissolved oxygen electrode detection system comprises a dissolved oxygen electrode, a data amplifier and a display, wherein the dissolved oxygen electrode displays the detected dissolved oxygen concentration values of a liquid phase, a boundary layer phase and a biological membrane phase in the reaction tank in real time on the display through the data amplifier.
3. The reaction device for researching the influence factors on the growth of the microbial film in the riverway according to claim 1, wherein: the bottoms of the water inlet area and the water outlet area are provided with lifting mechanisms; the water inlet area is provided with a water inlet and a circulating water inlet, and the water outlet area is provided with a water outlet and a circulating water outlet.
4. The reaction device for researching the influence factors on the growth of the microbial film in the riverway according to claim 1, wherein: the circulating system comprises a water storage tank and a circulating pump; the water storage tank is connected with the aeration device.
5. The reaction device for researching the influence factors on the growth of the microbial film in the riverway according to claim 3, wherein: the reaction zone is a cavity surrounded by four side plates and a bottom plate; the four side plates are fixedly connected, the bottoms of the four side plates are provided with clamping heads, and the bottom plate is provided with clamping grooves which are mutually matched and connected with the clamping heads; the four side plates are connected with the bottom plate by inserting the clamping heads into the clamping grooves of the bottom plate.
6. The reaction device for researching the influence factors on the growth of the riverway microbial membranes according to claim 5, wherein: the bottom plate is detachably connected with the four side plates, and a gravel layer can be adhered to the bottom plate.
7. The reaction device for researching the influence factors on the growth of the riverway microbial membranes according to claim 5, wherein: the bottom plate is detachably connected with the four side plates, and the bottom plate is a glass plate with a certain roughness.
8. the reaction device for researching the influence factors on the growth of the microbial film in the riverway according to claim 6, wherein: the thickness of gravel layer is 1 ~ 3cm, and the porosity of gravel is 0.4 ~ 0.6.
9. The reaction device for researching the influence factors on the growth of the microbial film in the riverway according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: the four side plates of the reaction zone are provided with graduated scales with measuring lengths, the starting points of the graduated scales start from the bottom plate, and the end points extend to the top of the reaction zone.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2844899Y (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2006-12-06 | 中国海洋大学 | Experiment device for generation of simulated microorgan/macromolecular membrane |
| CN201952285U (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-08-31 | 河海大学 | Water treatment device with photoautotrophic biomembrane |
| CN103808284A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-05-21 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Device and method for in-situ detection of internal spatial structure of wastewater treatment biological membrane |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR20080111843A (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2008-12-24 | 호서대학교 산학협력단 | Submerged membrane bio-reactor |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2844899Y (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2006-12-06 | 中国海洋大学 | Experiment device for generation of simulated microorgan/macromolecular membrane |
| CN201952285U (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-08-31 | 河海大学 | Water treatment device with photoautotrophic biomembrane |
| CN103808284A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-05-21 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Device and method for in-situ detection of internal spatial structure of wastewater treatment biological membrane |
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