CN107552804B - A kind of method of preparation and use of the alloy powder of slug type high-flux heat exchange - Google Patents
A kind of method of preparation and use of the alloy powder of slug type high-flux heat exchange Download PDFInfo
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- CN107552804B CN107552804B CN201710789635.8A CN201710789635A CN107552804B CN 107552804 B CN107552804 B CN 107552804B CN 201710789635 A CN201710789635 A CN 201710789635A CN 107552804 B CN107552804 B CN 107552804B
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Abstract
A kind of method of preparation and use of the alloy powder of slug type high-flux heat exchange, belongs to metal material field.High-flux heat exchange is mainly characterized by increasing vaporization nucleus calculation in the outer surface of metal base tube (including cupro-nickel pipe, carbon steel pipe and heat resisting pipe etc.) or inner surface manufacture metal porous layer, can significant enhanced boiling heat transfer.Metal porous layer is mainly formed by the method being then sintered in base tube surface metallization powder at present, used metal powder is mainly 70 μm of average grain diameter or more of Cu base or the Cu base containing Ni or Fe base alloy powder, since the powder size of selection is big, aerosolization is caused to prepare powder yield low, higher cost.Main component of the present invention is Fe- (26~30) wt%Al- (0~2Cr) wt%- (2~4) wt%B, the alloy powder has the characteristics such as low, the anti-oxidant, anti-coking of sintering temperature, powder preparation is carried out using plasma rotary-atomizing powder-making technique simultaneously, partial size reaches 80% in 70 μm -140 μm of powder yield.Comprehensive alloying component and powder yield of the invention, have apparent cost advantage compared with the existing alloy powder in market.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material field, be related to a kind of alloy powder of slug type high-flux heat exchange preparation and
Application method.
Background technique
Tube with high flux heat exchanger is the high-performance heat exchanger for enhanced boiling heat transfer.It is mainly characterized by metal pipe
Outer surface or inner surface manufacture metal porous layer, the efficient heat transfer being able to achieve under Low Temperature Difference.Core component in high-throughput heat exchanger
For high-flux heat exchange, slug type tube with high flux refers to using the method for powder metallurgy in commonly heat exchange pipe surface sintering a thin layer
Porous surface efficient heat-exchanging pipe with specific structure.The depression and hole of surface porous layer are interconnected, and can significantly strengthen
Boiling heat transfer, heat-transfer effect can be improved 20 times or more.Suitable for the boiling heat transfer occasion with phase transformation, be widely used in oil refining,
The engineering fields such as petrochemical industry, chemical industry.
The material of high-flux heat exchange base tube mainly has Copper-nickel alloy tube, carbon steel pipe, heat resisting pipe etc., usually on its surface
The powder main component of sintering is FeNi alloy or CuNi alloy, furthermore partial size requires these powder usually more than 200 mesh
The performance of base tube, that is, base tube mechanical property after the completion of being sintered cannot be damaged while forming specific pore structure during the sintering process
It remains to reach national standard, this requires the sintering temperature of powder is as low as possible.The preparation of alloy powder currently used for surface sintering
The method for mainly using common aerosolization, this method can obtain the powder of good sphericity, but granularity is greater than 200 mesh (70 μm)
Powder accounting it is lower, cause the increase of powder manufacturing cost.Therefore the manufacturing cost for how reducing powder, further increases and changes
The integral product added value of hot device becomes the problem of heat exchanger enterprise must be taken into consideration.
Summary of the invention
The present invention substitutes Cu and Ni element costly, by selecting relatively inexpensive Fe, Al element to reduce powder
The cost of raw material, and substituting common gas-atomized powder by using plasma rotary-atomizing powder-making technique can be by powder
Recovery rate by being increased to 80% or more less than 30%, by reduce the cost of raw material and improve powder yield two ways can be with
The manufacturing cost of powder is greatly lowered.In addition, passing through the optimization of Fe and Al ratio, excellent anti-oxidant and resistive connection can be obtained
Burnt performance, in addition on the basis of the component ratio of optimization, a small amount of Cr, B element are added in alloy powder further to be improved
The sintering character of powder, the ingredient of final design powder are Fe- (26~30) wt%Al- (0~2) wt%Cr- (2~4) wt%
B, the sintering temperature of the powder are 950 DEG C or less.Due to low sintering temperature, sintering process will not cause tube performance
Damage, the surface be especially suitable for carbon steel pipe, heat resisting pipe are sintered dusty material.
A kind of preparation method of the alloy powder of slug type high-flux heat exchange, it is characterised in that: powdered ingredients Fe-
(26~30) wt%Al- (0~2Cr) wt%- (2~4) wt%B is prepared, powder grain using rotating plasma powder by atomization technology
Degree is at 70-140 μm.
Further, when preparing powder using rotating plasma powder by atomization technology, processing step are as follows: first by being designed to
Divide and carry out ingredient, then melted ingredient using vacuum melting technique and is cast into diameter greater than 62mm, length greater than 800mm's
Alloy pig, then alloy pig is processed into single diameter 60mm, the electrode bar of length 700mm, arc-plasma current intensity when powder processed
1100~1300A, voltage 65-75V, plasma gun and electrode bar distance 15-20cm, 350-450 revs/min of revolving speed, vacuum degree is small
In 5 × 10-3Pa。
The application method of the alloy powder prepared according to the method described above, it is characterised in that: by ingredient be Fe- (26~30)
It is carried out after wt%Al- (0~2Cr) wt%- (2~4) wt%B powder coating to carbon steel or heat-resistance stainless steel base tube using nitrogen atmosphere
Sintering, sintering temperature are 900 DEG C to 1000 DEG C, soaking time 30 to 60 minutes.Pore property and and base tube may finally be obtained
Combination degree be able to satisfy the porous sintered layer of requirement, while it is not damaged to tube performance.
It is an advantage of the current invention that the alloy powder of (1) design is mainly made of Fe and Al element, cost is far below mesh
Preceding widely applied Cu and Ni element；(2) Fe- (26~30) wt%Al- (0 is prepared using rotating plasma powder by atomization technology
~2) when wt%Cr- (2~4) wt%B powder, powder accounting of the partial size more than 200 mesh (70 μm) reaches 80% or more, remote high
In the powder yield (30%) of current aerosolization technology；(3) alloy powder designed in composition range has low sintering temperature
Degree, to the performance undamaged wound of base tube, while powder itself has high inoxidizability and corrosion resistance and excellent anti-coking
Performance can be widely applied to a variety of working medium such as alkane, alkene, aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, water, freon, liquid nitrogen.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is process flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1: 70-140 μm of partial size is prepared, the alloy powder that ingredient is Fe-26wt%Al-2wt%Cr-2wt%B
Alloy cast ingot is prepared using the vacuum induction melting furnace of 50kg, ingredient is carried out by alloy pig 40kg, according to design
28kg should be added in ingredient Fe-26wt%Al-2wt%Cr-2wt%B, pure iron, and 10.4kg is added in pure Al, and 0.8kg is added in pure Cr, pure
0.8kg is added in B, is cast into the alloy pig that diameter is 62mm by vacuum induction melting, is subsequently processed into diameter 60mm, length
The electrode bar of 700mm, then powder preparation is carried out using rotating plasma powder-making technique, powder parameter processed is arc-plasma current intensity
1100A, voltage 75V, plasma gun and electrode bar distance 20cm, 350 revs/min of revolving speed, vacuum degree is less than 4.5 × 10-3Pa, finally
Powder obtained is sieved, powder of the partial size at 70-140 μm is retained, others are cancelled powder and handled.Using above-mentioned work
The recovery rate of powder obtained by skill reaches 82%, it is coated on carbon steel inside pipe wall and is sintered, in 950 DEG C in hydrogen furnace
Sintering temperature under keep the temperature 40 minutes and can be obtained the porous sintered layer that performance is met the requirements, while the performance of base tube can also expire
The corresponding standard requirements of foot.
Embodiment 2: 70-140 μm of partial size is prepared, the alloy powder that ingredient is Fe-30wt%Al-1wt%Cr-3wt%B
Alloy cast ingot is prepared using the vacuum induction melting furnace of 50kg, ingredient is carried out by alloy pig 40kg, according to design
26.4kg should be added in ingredient Fe-26wt%Al-2wt%Cr-2wt%B, pure iron, and 12kg is added in pure Al, and 0.4kg is added in pure Cr, pure
1.2kg is added in B, is cast into the alloy pig that diameter is 62mm by vacuum induction melting, is subsequently processed into diameter 60mm, length
The electrode bar of 700mm, then powder preparation is carried out using rotating plasma powder-making technique, powder parameter processed is arc-plasma current intensity
1300A, voltage 65V, plasma gun and electrode bar distance 15cm, 450 revs/min of revolving speed, vacuum degree is less than 4.5 × 10-3Pa, finally
Powder obtained is sieved, powder of the partial size at 70-140 μm is retained, others are cancelled powder and handled.Using above-mentioned work
The recovery rate of powder obtained by skill reaches 82%, it is coated on heat-resistance stainless steel inside pipe wall and is sintered, in hydrogen furnace
30min is kept the temperature under 930 DEG C of sintering temperature can be obtained the porous sintered layer that performance is met the requirements, while the performance of base tube is also
It can satisfy corresponding standard requirements.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of preparation method of the alloy powder of slug type high-flux heat exchange, it is characterised in that: powdered ingredients Fe- (26 ~
30) wt%Al- (1 ~ 2) wt%Cr- (2 ~ 4) wt%B is prepared using rotating plasma powder by atomization technology, and powder size is in 70-140
μm；
The application method of the powder is as follows:
It is Fe- (26 ~ 30) wt%Al- (1 ~ 2) wt%Cr- (2 ~ 4) wt%B powder coating to carbon steel or heat-resistance stainless steel base by ingredient
It is sintered after pipe using nitrogen atmosphere, sintering temperature is 900 DEG C to 950 DEG C, soaking time 30 to 40 minutes.
2. a kind of preparation method of the alloy powder of slug type high-flux heat exchange described in accordance with the claim 1, feature
It is: when preparing powder using rotating plasma powder by atomization technology, processing step are as follows: ingredient first is carried out by design ingredient,
Then ingredient is melted to using vacuum melting technique and is cast into the alloy pig that diameter is greater than 800mm greater than 62mm, length, then will
Alloy pig is processed into single diameter 60mm, the electrode bar of length 700mm, 1100 ~ 1300A of arc-plasma current intensity when powder processed,
Voltage 65-75V, plasma gun and electrode bar distance 15-20cm, 350-450 revs/min of revolving speed, vacuum degree is less than 5 × 10-3Pa。
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| CN108907215A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-11-30 | 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 | A kind of preparation method of 30Cr metal powder |
| CN112176369A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2021-01-05 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | High-efficiency boiling heat transfer copper material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110405220B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2022-12-20 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing GRCop-84 spherical powder based on plasma rotary atomization method |
| CN111979390A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-11-24 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Method for removing residual carbon on inner surface of small-caliber seawater copper-nickel pipe |
| CN115533105A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-12-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Low-temperature sintered surface porous heat exchange tube and preparation method thereof |
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| AU2575499A (en) * | 1998-02-02 | 1999-08-16 | Chrysalis Technologies, Incorporated | Iron aluminide composite and method of manufacture thereof |
| US6506338B1 (en) * | 2000-04-14 | 2003-01-14 | Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated | Processing of iron aluminides by pressureless sintering of elemental iron and aluminum |
| KR20030024685A (en) * | 2000-06-08 | 2003-03-26 | 서피스 엔지니어드 프로덕츠 코포레이션 | Coating system for high temperature stainless steel |
| CA2753377A1 (en) * | 2009-02-23 | 2010-08-26 | Metafoam Technologies Inc. | Metal tube with porous metal liner |
| CN102653003B (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2015-01-21 | 安泰科技股份有限公司 | Method for forming porous metal layer on pipe wall of heat exchange pipe |
| CN106029267A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2016-10-12 | 罗瓦尔玛股份公司 | Centrifugal atomization of iron-based alloys |
| CN105734480B (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2018-10-16 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Method for improving corrosion resistance of lead-cooled neutron reactor structural component |
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Application publication date: 20180109 Assignee: HEBEI WUWEI AERO & POWER TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Assignor: University OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY BEIJING Contract record no.: X2022990000711 Denomination of invention: Preparation and application method of alloy powder for sintered high flux heat exchange tube Granted publication date: 20190426 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20220926 |