CN113737058B - Nickel-based alloy for corrosion prevention of garbage incinerator, preparation method of nickel-based alloy powder and composite material - Google Patents
Nickel-based alloy for corrosion prevention of garbage incinerator, preparation method of nickel-based alloy powder and composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN113737058B CN113737058B CN202111049844.1A CN202111049844A CN113737058B CN 113737058 B CN113737058 B CN 113737058B CN 202111049844 A CN202111049844 A CN 202111049844A CN 113737058 B CN113737058 B CN 113737058B
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- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
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- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/023—Alloys based on nickel
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
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Abstract
The invention provides a nickel-based alloy for corrosion prevention of a garbage incinerator, which comprises the following components: 17 to 22 weight percent of Cr; 13-18 wt% of Mo; w is 6 to 10 weight percent; 1 to 3 weight percent of Nb; 0.5 to 2.5 weight percent of Si; b0.5-1.5 wt%; the balance of Ni. The application also provides a preparation method of the nickel-based alloy powder and an anticorrosive coating. The prepared anticorrosive coating has the characteristics of high-temperature chlorine corrosion resistance, wear resistance and no microscopic defect by adopting the nickel-based alloy with specific components and combining a vacuum induction melting-inert gas atomization method and a laser cladding process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coatings, in particular to a nickel-based alloy for corrosion prevention of a garbage incinerator, a preparation method of nickel-based alloy powder and a composite material.
Background
Laser cladding is a new surface modification technology, and is a technological method for adding an external material into a molten pool formed by a substrate after laser irradiation in a synchronous or material presetting mode, and enabling the external material and the substrate to be rapidly solidified together to form a coating layer. Compared with surfacing, hot spraying and the like, laser cladding has the characteristics of small dilution rate, refined alloy structure, high bonding strength with a matrix, smooth surface, high density and the like, and can obviously improve the wear-resisting, corrosion-resisting, heat-resisting and oxidation-resisting characteristics of the surface of the matrix material, thereby achieving the purpose of surface modification or repair.
The nickel-based alloy mainly refers to a kind of alloy with high strength and certain comprehensive properties of oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance and the like at a high temperature of 650-1000 ℃. The nickel-based alloy has excellent high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, and is widely applied to the industries of waste incineration, thermal power, chemical industry and the like. Wherein, the Ni-Cr-Mo type corrosion resistant alloy is resistant to both reducing medium corrosion and oxidizing medium corrosion, and is a corrosion resistant alloy system with wide applicability.
The Ni-Cr-Mo type corrosion-resistant alloy powder contains more solid solution alloy elements, the melting points of the elements such as Mo and W are higher, the conventional non-vacuum gas atomization method or water atomization method is adopted, the phenomenon that a melt is too viscous is easy to occur, atomization is difficult, the yield of the corresponding finished alloy powder is low, the oxygen content of the alloy powder is too high, and the defects of cracks, air holes and the like are easy to occur in subsequent laser cladding. The powder prepared by the vacuum gas atomization method has the advantages of high purity, low oxygen content, fine powder granularity, higher powder yield and the like, and gradually becomes a main preparation method of high-performance alloy powder.
In order to enhance the corrosion resistance of the heating surface of the garbage incinerator, a thermal spraying or surfacing welding mode is adopted as a mainstream method, and Ni-Cr-Mo series nickel-based alloy materials such as universal Inconel622, inconel625, inconel 686 and C-276 which are resistant to both oxidation corrosion and reduction corrosion are often selected as materials. Research shows that the hardness of the universal Ni-Cr-Mo nickel-based material is lower and is generally less than 30HRC, such as the hardness of a common Inconel625 overlaying layer is only 24HRC, and therefore, the wear resistance of the corresponding material is poor. The hardness of the thermal spraying can be improved by adding titanium carbide or adjusting the components of the thermal spraying material, but the density of the thermal spraying is poorer, and the bonding strength of the thermal spraying and a substrate is low. At present, no anticorrosive coating specially aiming at high-temperature chlorine corrosion and abrasion of the garbage incinerator exists, and a patent to be applied is specially developed for the anticorrosive coating which is resistant to high-temperature chlorine corrosion, abrasion and microscopic and has no defects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anticorrosive coating with high corrosion resistance, chloride corrosion resistance and hardness.
In view of the above, the present application provides a nickel-based alloy for corrosion prevention of a garbage incinerator, comprising:
preferably, the Cr content is 18 to 21wt%, and the Mo content is 14 to 16wt%.
Preferably, the content of W is 7 to 9wt%, and the content of Si is 1.5 to 2.5wt%.
Preferably, the content of B is 1.0 to 1.5wt%.
The application also provides a preparation method of the nickel-based alloy powder, which comprises the following steps:
weighing raw materials according to the proportion of the nickel-based alloy, and then putting the raw materials into a vacuum induction melting furnace;
pumping a smelting chamber, an atomizing chamber and a cyclone separator in the vacuum atomizing smelting equipment to a vacuum state, and filling inert gas for protection;
and heating the obtained nickel-based alloy melt to be molten, pouring the obtained nickel-based alloy melt into a middle drain ladle, and atomizing under the impact of a high-speed inert gas medium to obtain nickel-based alloy powder.
Preferably, the atomization pressure is 5-10 Mpa, the heating temperature is 1000-1500 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 0.5-1 h after melting.
Preferably, the particle size of the nickel-based alloy powder comprises 15-53 μm and 53-150 μm, and the D50 of the nickel-based alloy powder is 30-35 μm and 80-90 μm respectively; the nickel-based alloy powder has a spherical or nearly spherical appearance, an average sphericity of not less than 85%, a fluidity of not more than 15s/50g, an oxygen content of not more than 150ppm, and a bulk density of not less than 4.5g/cm 3 The tap density is more than or equal to 5.5g/cm 3 。
Preferably, the inert gas is selected from high-purity argon or nitrogen, the tundish is required to be insulated, and the temperature of the insulation is 1000-1500 ℃.
The application also provides a corrosion coating, and the coating is prepared from the nickel-based alloy or the nickel-based alloy powder prepared by the preparation method.
Preferably, the coating is prepared by adopting a laser cladding method, the power of the laser cladding method is 2-5 KW, the linear speed is 2000-5000 mm/min, and the gravity powder feeding amount is 20-50 g/min.
The present application provides a nickel-based alloy comprising specific contents of alloying elements Cr, mo, W, nb, si, B and Ni; the high chromium content favors the formation of a dense layer of Cr 2 O 3 An oxide film to improve the corrosion resistance of the coating in an oxidizing corrosive medium; the high molybdenum and the high tungsten are beneficial to improving the corrosion resistance of the coating in a reducing corrosion medium and improving the capability of resisting local corrosion and chloride stress corrosion. Furthermore, the method of vacuum induction melting and inert gas atomization is adopted, so that the nickel-based alloy powder containing high chromium, high molybdenum and high tungsten and low in oxygen content rate is obtained.
On the other hand, the anticorrosive coating is prepared by adopting a laser cladding process, can not crack after being clad in a single layer for 1mm under the conditions of no preheating and no post heating, and has no micro cracks and pores in a microstructure; the hardness of the alloy reaches 40-52 HRC at normal temperature, the cladding layer has high strength and hardness and good wear resistance, and the bent pipe does not crack after 1mm of single-pipe laser cladding and has good plasticity and toughness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a particle morphology diagram of nickel-base alloy powder (53-150 μm particle size fraction) of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a particle morphology diagram of nickel-base alloy powder (15-53 μm particle size section) of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of a cladding layer prepared by laser cladding in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a metallographic microstructure photograph of a cladding layer prepared by laser cladding in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a scanning electron microscope image of a cladding layer prepared by laser cladding according to comparative example 1 in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of a laser cladding layer prepared in comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention by way of example, and it is to be understood that the description is intended to further illustrate features and advantages of the invention, and not to limit the scope of the claims.
In view of the fact that in the prior art, no special anti-corrosion material for resisting high-temperature chlorine corrosion of waste incineration exists, the application provides the nickel-based alloy which is used as an anti-corrosion coating, high in hardness, good in laser cladding performance, and good in high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and wear resistance. Specifically, the present application first provides a nickel-based alloy for corrosion prevention of a garbage incinerator, comprising:
in the nickel-based alloy provided by the application, ni is used as a matrix, has high compatibility with various alloy elements, and has a thermal expansion coefficient close to that of Fe; can improve the corrosion resistance in neutral reducing medium and alkaline medium and improve the chloride stress corrosion resistance.
Most of Cr is solid-dissolved in the nickel matrix as a solid solution element, so that the strength of the alloy is improved; an oxide film with a compact surface is easily formed on the surface of the alloy, and the corrosion resistance of the cladding layer in an oxidizing corrosion medium is improved. In the present application, the content of Cr is 17 to 22wt%, more specifically 18 to 21wt%, and still more specifically 19wt%, 20wt%, 21wt%.
Most of W and Mo are dissolved in the nickel matrix in a solid mode, and because W and Mo atoms are large, the lattice distortion energy is high, and the strength of the alloy is improved. W and Mo can improve the corrosion resistance of the cladding layer in a reducing corrosion medium and improve the local corrosion resistance and chloride stress corrosion resistance. In the present application, the content of Mo is 13 to 18wt%, more specifically 14 to 16wt%, and still more specifically 14, 15, 16, 17wt%. The content of W is 6 to 10wt%, more specifically, 7 to 9wt%.
Nb and a carbon stabilizer can improve the intergranular corrosion resistance of the alloy material. The content of Nb is 1 to 3wt%, more specifically, 1, 2, 2.5 or 3wt%.
The Cr:17 to 22%, mo:13 to 18%, W:6 to 10%, nb:1 to 3 percent, the PREN value is 47 to 68.5, and the alloy has higher pitting corrosion resistance than the prior Ni-Cr-Mo alloy 59 (PREN: 47), C-276 (PREN: 45.4) and Inconel625 (PREN: 40.8).
B and Si can form boride and silicide hard phases in the alloy, so that the hardness and wear resistance of the alloy are improved, the fluidity of a laser cladding molten pool is increased, and the laser cladding process performance is improved. B and Si can form boride and silicide hard phases in the alloy, so that the hardness and the wear resistance of the alloy are improved. The steel contains 0.5 to 1.5 weight percent of B and 0.5 to 2.5 weight percent of Si, and the corresponding hardness is about 40 to 52HRC; however, the hardness value of the Inconel625, which is widely applied in the current waste incineration, is 25HRC, so that the wear resistance of the developed material is better. In specific embodiments, the amount of B is 0.8wt%, 1.0wt%, 1.3wt%, or 2.0wt%; the Si content is 1.5wt%, 1.8wt%, 2.0wt%, or 2.3wt%.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a preparation method of the nickel-based alloy powder, which comprises the following steps:
weighing the raw materials according to the proportion of the nickel-based alloy, and then putting the raw materials into a vacuum induction melting furnace;
pumping a smelting chamber, an atomizing chamber and a cyclone separator in the vacuum atomizing smelting equipment to a vacuum state, and filling inert gas for protection;
and heating the obtained nickel-based alloy melt to be molten, pouring the obtained nickel-based alloy solution into a middle drain ladle, and atomizing under the impact of a high-speed inert gas medium to obtain nickel-based alloy powder.
The nickel-based alloy powder is prepared by adopting a vacuum induction melting-inert gas atomization method, and the nickel-based alloy powder prepared by the method has good sphericity and low oxygen content; the good sphericity and the low oxygen content are beneficial to improving the fluidity of powder in the laser cladding process, avoiding the generation of tiny air holes and cracks and ensuring the compact structure of the cladding layer; the powder collection range is wide, the powder collection range covers 15-150 mu m, the powder yield reaches 80 percent, and the powder preparation cost of the alloy powder is favorably reduced. Specifically, the granularity of the nickel-based alloy powder comprises 15-53 mu m and 53-150 mu m,the D50 is 30-35 μm and 80-90 μm respectively; the nickel-based alloy powder has a spherical or nearly spherical appearance, an average sphericity of not less than 85%, a fluidity of not more than 15s/50g, an oxygen content of not more than 150ppm, and a bulk density of not less than 4.5g/cm 3 The tap density is more than or equal to 5.5g/cm 3 。
In the above process, the melting in the vacuum induction melting furnace is melting well known to those skilled in the art, and there is no particular limitation in this application to melting the raw material into an alloy melt.
Simultaneously pumping a smelting chamber, an atomizing chamber and a cyclone separator in the vacuum atomizing smelting equipment to a vacuum state, and filling inert gas for protection; the inert gas is selected from high-purity argon or nitrogen.
According to the invention, the melt obtained by smelting is heated to 1300-1500 ℃, and heat preservation is carried out for 30-60 min after the melt is melted, then the melt is poured into a middle drain ladle and atomized under the impact of high-speed inert gas medium, and finally the nickel-based alloy powder is obtained. In the process, the atomization pressure of the inert gas in the atomization chamber is 5-7 MPa; the middle leakage ladle needs to be insulated, and the temperature is controlled between 1000 and 1300 ℃.
The nickel-based alloy powder obtained by the method is subjected to ultrasonic vibration screening or airflow classification to obtain nickel-based alloy powder finished products with different specifications and particle sizes. The nickel-based alloy powder with the particle diameter of 53-150 mu m and the particle diameter of 15-53 mu m is respectively obtained after the ultrasonic vibration screening and the airflow classification treatment.
The application also provides an anticorrosive coating prepared from the nickel-based alloy powder.
Aiming at the problem that the surface Fe dilution rate is too high due to too large heat input amount of overlaying welding, and the corrosion resistance is reduced along with the too high surface Fe dilution rate; the method for preparing the nickel-based alloy coating adopts a laser cladding method, the laser cladding process has less heat input, concentrates heat, can prepare a compact coating on the surface of a base pipe, has no defects in microcosmic view, and ensures low Fe dilution rate. Aiming at the problems of low hardness and poor wear resistance of a surfacing Ni-Cr-Mo universal material, the hardness of the novel material designed by the patent reaches up to 40-52 HRC after cladding, and the wear resistance is obviously improved.
In the present application, laser cladding uses 5000W crossflow CO 2 The laser or the semiconductor laser, and the working platform is a SIMENS numerical control laser processing machine. The power of the laser cladding method is 2-5 KW, the linear velocity is 2000-5000 mm/min, and the gravity powder feeding amount is 20-50 g/min. The thickness of the anticorrosive coating is 0.8-1.2 mm.
The invention adopts a vacuum induction melting-inert gas atomization method to obtain the nickel-based alloy powder containing high chromium, high molybdenum and high tungsten with low oxygen content (the oxygen content is less than or equal to 150 ppm); the high chromium is beneficial to forming a layer of compact Cr on the surface of the laser cladding layer 2 O 3 An oxide film for improving the corrosion resistance of the cladding layer in an oxidizing corrosion medium; the high molybdenum and the high tungsten are beneficial to improving the corrosion resistance of the cladding layer in a reductive corrosion medium and improving the local corrosion resistance and chloride stress corrosion resistance. The nickel-based alloy powder has good laser cladding manufacturability, can be cladded in a single layer for 1mm without cracking under the conditions of preheating and postheating, and has no micro cracks and pores in a microstructure; the nickel-based alloy powder laser cladding layer has the hardness of 40-52 HRC at normal temperature, the strength and hardness of the cladding layer are high, the wear resistance is good, a bent pipe does not crack after 1mm of single-pipe laser cladding, and the plasticity and toughness are good.
Compared with other Ni-Cr-Mo (W) alloy powder of the same type, the alloy powder has high hardness, good laser cladding performance and good application prospect under the working conditions of high temperature, harsh corrosion conditions and easy abrasion.
In conclusion, the nickel-based alloy powder with specific components provided by the application combines a vacuum induction melting furnace-inert gas atomization method and further combines a laser cladding method, so that the prepared anticorrosive coating has the characteristics of high-temperature chlorine corrosion resistance, wear resistance and microscopic defect free.
For further understanding of the present invention, the nickel-based alloy, the preparation method and the application thereof provided by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Example 1
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20% Cr, 15% Mo, 8% W, 2% Nb, 1.5% Si, 1% B, ni as the balance;
(2) The weighed raw materials are loaded into a vacuum induction melting furnace, a melting chamber, an atomizing chamber and a cyclone separator in the vacuum atomization melting furnace are pumped to a vacuum state, and argon is filled as protective gas;
(3) Heating the nickel-based alloy melt to 1400 ℃, preserving heat for 30min after the melt is completely melted, simultaneously heating a tundish to 1000 ℃, enabling the nickel-based alloy solution to flow into an atomizing chamber through a tundish, atomizing under the impact of 6.3MPa high-purity argon gas flow, cooling the powder to room temperature, and then separating by using an ultrasonic vibration sieve and an airflow grading device to obtain 53-150 mu m nickel-based alloy powder (shown in figure 1) and 15-53 mu m nickel-based alloy powder (shown in figure 2); wherein the D50 of the nickel-based alloy powder with the diameter of 53-150 mu m is 85 mu m, the fluidity is less than or equal to 14s/50g, the average sphericity is more than or equal to 88 percent, the oxygen content is 100ppm, and the apparent density is 4.69g/cm 3 Tap density of 5.6g/cm 3 ；
(4) Selecting 53-150 mu m nickel base alloy powder and placing the powder in a 20# carbon steel pipe
And setting the laser cladding power to be 2.8KW, the linear speed to be 3600mm/min, the gravity powder feeding amount to be 34g/min, and obtaining a cladding layer after laser cladding, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is about 1.1mm. No defects such as cracks and pores were observed visually. The microscopic analysis of the cladding layer adopts a scanning electron microscope and a metallographic microscope, the structure is compact, and the defects such as micro cracks and the like are avoided (shown in figures 3 and 4). The room temperature hardness was 47HRC.
Example 2
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 18% Cr, 13% Mo, 7% W, 1% Nb, 1% Si, 0.5% B, ni as the balance;
(2) The weighed raw materials are loaded into a vacuum induction melting furnace, a melting chamber, an atomizing chamber and a cyclone separator in the vacuum atomization melting furnace are pumped to a vacuum state, and argon is filled as protective gas;
(3) Heating the nickel-based alloy melt to 1400 ℃, preserving heat for 30min after the melt is completely melted, simultaneously heating a tundish to 1050 ℃, and allowing the nickel-based alloy solution to flow into the tundish through a tundishAtomizing in an atomizing chamber under the impact of high-purity argon gas flow of 6.1MPa, cooling the powder to room temperature, and then separating by adopting an ultrasonic vibration sieve and an airflow classification device to obtain nickel-based alloy powder of 53-150 mu m and nickel-based alloy powder of 15-53 mu m; wherein the D50 of the nickel-based alloy powder with the diameter of 15-53 mu m is 32 mu m, the D50 of the nickel-based alloy powder with the diameter of 53-150 mu m is 85 mu m, the fluidity is less than or equal to 14s/50g, the average sphericity is more than or equal to 85 percent, the oxygen content is 130ppm, and the apparent density is 4.7g/cm 3 Tap density of 5.6g/cm 3 ；
(4) Selecting 15-53 mu m nickel base alloy powder and placing the powder in a 20# carbon steel pipe
And setting the laser cladding power to be 2.5KW, the linear speed to be 3000mm/min, the gravity powder feeding amount to be 32g/min, and obtaining a cladding layer after laser cladding, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is about 1mm. No defects such as cracks and pores were observed visually. The microscopic analysis of the cladding layer adopts a scanning electron microscope and a metallographic microscope, and the structure is compact without the defects of micro cracks and the like. The room temperature hardness was 41HRC.
Example 3
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 21% Cr, 14% Mo, 9% W, 2.5% Nb, 2% Si, 1.3% B, ni as the balance;
(2) The weighed raw materials are loaded into a vacuum induction melting furnace, a melting chamber, an atomizing chamber and a cyclone separator in the vacuum atomization melting furnace are pumped to a vacuum state, and argon is filled as protective gas;
(3) Heating the nickel-based alloy melt to 1450 ℃, preserving heat for 30min after the melt is completely melted, simultaneously heating a tundish to 1050 ℃, enabling the nickel-based alloy solution to flow into an atomizing chamber through a tundish, atomizing under the impact of 6MPa high-purity argon gas flow, cooling the powder to room temperature, and then separating by using an ultrasonic vibration sieve and an airflow grading device to obtain 53-150 mu m nickel-based alloy powder and 15-53 mu m nickel-based alloy powder; wherein the D50 of the nickel-based alloy powder with the diameter of 53-150 mu m is 84 mu m, the fluidity is less than or equal to 14s/50g, the average sphericity is more than or equal to 89%, the oxygen content is 105ppm, and the apparent density is 4.61g/cm 3 Tap density of 5.62g/cm 3 ；
(4) Choose to use53-150 μm Ni-based alloy powder for 20# carbon steel pipe
And setting the laser cladding power to be 3.0KW, the linear speed to be 4000mm/min, the gravity powder feeding amount to be 36g/min, and obtaining a cladding layer after laser cladding, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is about 1mm. No defects such as cracks and pores were observed visually. The microscopic analysis of the cladding layer adopts a scanning electron microscope and a metallographic microscope, and the structure is compact without the defects of micro cracks and the like. The room temperature hardness was 51HRC.
Comparative example 1
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 19% Cr, 14% Mo, 11% W, 1% Nb, 2% Si, 1.2% B, ni as the balance;
(2) The weighed raw materials are loaded into a vacuum induction melting furnace, a melting chamber, an atomizing chamber and a cyclone separator in the vacuum atomization melting furnace are pumped to a vacuum state, and argon is filled as protective gas;
(3) Heating the nickel-based alloy melt to 1450 ℃, preserving heat for 30min after the melt is completely melted, simultaneously heating a tundish to 1100 ℃, allowing the nickel-based alloy solution to flow into an atomization chamber through a tundish, atomizing under the impact of 6.5MPa high-purity argon flow, cooling the powder to room temperature, and screening by using an ultrasonic vibration screen to obtain 53-150 mu m nickel-based alloy powder; the D50 of the nickel-based alloy powder with the diameter of 53-150 mu m is 80 mu m, the fluidity is less than or equal to 15s/50g, the average sphericity is more than or equal to 85 percent, the oxygen content is 90ppm, and the apparent density is 4.60g/cm 3 Tap density of 5.5g/cm 3 ；
(4) Selecting 53-150 mu m nickel base alloy powder and placing the powder in a 20# carbon steel pipe
And setting laser cladding power to be 2.8KW, linear speed to be 3600mm/min, gravity powder feeding amount to be 34g/min, and obtaining a cladding layer after laser cladding, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is about 1.1mm. And (3) carrying out metallographic microscopic analysis on the cladding layer by using a scanning electron microscope, wherein the cladding layer is internally provided with fine cracks and air holes (as shown in figure 5). The room temperature hardness was 54HRC.
Comparative example 2
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 18% Cr, 15% Mo, 7% W, 2% Nb, 2% by weight Si, 2% B, ni as the balance;
(2) The weighed raw materials are loaded into a vacuum induction melting furnace, a melting chamber, an atomizing chamber and a cyclone separator in the vacuum atomization melting furnace are pumped to a vacuum state, and argon is filled as protective gas;
(3) Heating the nickel-based alloy melt to 1470 ℃, preserving heat for 30min after the melt is completely melted, simultaneously heating a tundish to 1100 ℃, enabling the nickel-based alloy solution to flow into an atomizing chamber through a tundish, atomizing under the impact of 6.2MPa high-purity argon gas flow, cooling the powder to room temperature, and screening by using an ultrasonic vibration screen to obtain 53-150 mu m nickel-based alloy powder; 53-150 mu m nickel-based alloy powder D50 is 83 mu m, the fluidity is less than or equal to 15s/50g, the average sphericity is more than or equal to 86 percent, the oxygen content is 107ppm, and the apparent density is 4.63g/cm 3 Tap density of 5.6g/cm 3 ；
(4) Selecting 53-150 mu m nickel base alloy powder and placing the powder in a 20# carbon steel pipe
And setting laser cladding power of 3KW, linear speed of 3600mm/min, gravity powder feeding amount of 35g/min, and obtaining a cladding layer after laser cladding, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is about 1mm. The metallurgical microscopic analysis of the cladding layer by a scanning electron microscope shows that the cladding layer has fine cracks and pores (as shown in figure 6). The room temperature hardness was 57HRC.
And (3) carrying out internal corrosion test on the garbage incinerator:
sample preparation: using 6 kinds of nickel-based alloy powders of example 1, example 2, example 3, inconel625, inconel622, and Inconel 686, 6 carbon steel pipes # 20 (specification:
length 20 mm) by laser deposition (wherein: laser cladding power 3KW, line speed 3600mm/min, cladding thickness of about 1 mm) deposited samples were prepared, and the corresponding samples were referred to as an example 1 sample, an example 2 sample, an example 3 sample, an Inconel625 sample, an Inconel622 sample, and an Inconel 686 sample, respectively.
The test conditions are as follows: install above-mentioned 6 samples on corrosion test rifle, corrosion test rifle is installed at certain 750t waste incinerator high temperature over heater front side at domestic, and this position flue gas temperature is about 580 ℃, after experimental half a year, gets out the sample and gets rid of surface dirt layer, detects outward appearance and wall thickness, and data around the contrast sample is experimental, reachs the high temperature corrosion resistant test data of sample, as shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 high temperature radiation resistance test data sheet of sample
Comparative analysis shows that the high-temperature corrosion resistance of the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 of the patent is superior to that of the Inconel625, the Inconel622 and the Inconel 686 which are common anticorrosive materials of the existing waste incineration boilers at the inlet position of the high-temperature superheater of the waste incinerator.
On the other hand, the corrosion resistance is closely related to the microstructure of the corrosion-resistant material, for example, the cladding layer has the defects of cracks, air holes and the like, the microdefect is often stress-concentrated, stress corrosion is easy to occur under the action of a corrosion medium, and the base pipe is seriously damaged even. Therefore, the anticorrosive coating is preferably a coating having few microscopic defects. For example, thermal spraying is limited by the process, and the coating has a thin thickness, a high porosity and a poor corrosion prevention effect. The cladding layers of the comparative examples 1 and 2 have the defects of fine cracks, air holes and the like, and the cladding layers can not meet the cladding requirements; the embodiment has the advantages of good microstructure, no micro defects, high hardness value, higher pitting corrosion resistance PREN value than the conventional Inconel625 and 622, and strong pitting corrosion resistance.
Therefore, the nickel-based alloy powder has good high-temperature corrosion resistance, high hardness and wear resistance, and has good application prospect in the waste incineration industry.
The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (2)
1. A corrosion coating, wherein said coating is prepared from a nickel-based alloy powder; the nickel-based alloy powder is prepared from the following raw materials:
the preparation method of the nickel-based alloy powder comprises the following steps:
weighing raw materials according to the proportion and then putting the raw materials into a vacuum induction melting furnace;
pumping a smelting chamber, an atomizing chamber and a cyclone separator in the vacuum atomizing smelting equipment to a vacuum state, and filling inert gas for protection;
heating the obtained nickel-based alloy melt to be molten, pouring the obtained nickel-based alloy melt into a middle tundish, and atomizing under the impact of a high-speed inert gas medium to obtain nickel-based alloy powder;
the atomization pressure is 5-10 Mpa, the heating temperature is 1000-1500 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 0.5-1 h after melting;
the inert gas is selected from high-purity argon or nitrogen, the middle leakage ladle needs to be insulated, and the temperature of the insulation is 1000-1500 ℃;
the preparation of the coating adopts a laser cladding method, the power of the laser cladding method is 2-5 KW, the linear speed is 2000-5000 mm/min, and the gravity powder feeding amount is 20-50 g/min.
2. The corrosion coating according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the nickel-based alloy powder comprises 15-53 μ ι η, 53-150 μ ι η, and the D50 thereof is 30-35 μ ι η, 80-90 μ ι η, respectively; the nickel-based alloy powder has a spherical or nearly spherical appearance, an average sphericity of not less than 85%, a fluidity of not more than 15s/50g, an oxygen content of not more than 150ppm, and a bulk density of not less than 4.5g/cm 3 The tap density is more than or equal to 5.5g/cm 3 。
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