CN107542779B - 用于车轮轴承组件的滚动轴承单元 - Google Patents

用于车轮轴承组件的滚动轴承单元 Download PDF

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CN107542779B
CN107542779B CN201710506801.9A CN201710506801A CN107542779B CN 107542779 B CN107542779 B CN 107542779B CN 201710506801 A CN201710506801 A CN 201710506801A CN 107542779 B CN107542779 B CN 107542779B
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CN107542779A (zh
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路德维希·埃德尔曼
马蒂亚斯·舒勒
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/80—Labyrinth sealings
    • F16C33/805—Labyrinth sealings in addition to other sealings, e.g. dirt guards to protect sealings with sealing lips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • B60B27/001—Hubs with roller-bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • B60B27/0078—Hubs characterised by the fixation of bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
    • F16C19/383—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • F16C19/385—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings
    • F16C19/386—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings in O-arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
    • F16C19/541—Systems consisting of juxtaposed rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing
    • F16C19/542—Systems consisting of juxtaposed rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two rolling bearings with angular contact
    • F16C19/543—Systems consisting of juxtaposed rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two rolling bearings with angular contact in O-arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7803—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings
    • F16C33/7813—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings for tapered roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7816—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material
    • F16C33/782—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the sealing region
    • F16C33/7823—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the sealing region of sealing lips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/784—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race
    • F16C33/7843—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a single annular sealing disc
    • F16C33/7853—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a single annular sealing disc with one or more sealing lips to contact the inner race
    • F16C33/7856—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a single annular sealing disc with one or more sealing lips to contact the inner race with a single sealing lip
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7869—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted with a cylindrical portion to the inner surface of the outer race and having a radial portion extending inward
    • F16C33/7879—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted with a cylindrical portion to the inner surface of the outer race and having a radial portion extending inward with a further sealing ring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • B60B27/0073—Hubs characterised by sealing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/36—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers
    • F16C19/364—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种滚动轴承单元以及包括该滚动轴承单元的车轮轴承组件，滚动轴承单元特别用于车辆的车轮轴承组件，滚动轴承单元包括：滚动轴承，滚动轴承包括轴承外圈和轴承内圈，轴承外圈和轴承内圈之间限定了轴承内部，滚动体布置在轴承内部中，轴承内圈包括面向轴承内部的轴承内圈面以及包括轴向终止的端面，滚动轴承单元还包括：第一密封组件，第一密封组件经由保持元件被固定在轴承外圈上且承载有抵着轴承内圈面或由轴承内圈承载的滑套滑移的密封元件，第一密封组件密封轴承内部，其中，保持元件被构造为有角度的金属板元件，有角度的金属板元件包括环形的轴向延伸的腿和环形的径向向内延伸的凸缘，径向向内延伸的凸缘延伸越过轴承内圈面。

Description

用于车轮轴承组件的滚动轴承单元
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据本发明方案1的前序部分的滚动轴承单元，尤其用于车辆的车轮轴承组件，以及涉及包括该滚动轴承单元的车轮轴承组件。
背景技术
车轮轴承组件(特别是用于商用车辆的车轮轴承组件)通常包括两个轴向相邻的滚动轴承，各滚动轴承包括轴承外圈且各滚动轴承包括轴承内圈，滚动体布置在轴承外圈与轴承内圈之间。在安装于车轮轴承期间，轴承外圈和包括了滚子列的轴承内圈被单独组装和润滑。为了对该车轮轴承组件提供简化的安装，还已知将滚动轴承设置为预组装的轴承单元。然而，这里存在以下问题(problematic)：为了防止对应的轴承圈从滚动轴承脱出(sipping out)或一般为了防止滚动轴承散架，轴承圈必须在运输期间固定。
例如，从现有技术已知提供在运输期间固定预组装的轴承单元的轴承圈的保持元件。然而，这里不利的是，在将滚动轴承单元安装到车轮轴承中之前，保持元件必须被再次移除，结果导致生产时间和制造成本增加。
另外，保持元件不能防止污垢侵入，结果导致在运输或安装期间污垢可能进入到滚动轴承中。还存在的问题是，即使对于这样的预组装的轴承，也必须在安装期间发生轴承的加涂油脂(greasing)，这是因为尽管保持元件将轴承圈保持在它们的预定位置，但是保持元件并不确保润滑剂保持在轴承中。因而对于轴承而言，可能在安装期间用“不正确的(incorrect)”润滑剂进行润滑，这减少了轴承的使用寿命。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的在于提供一种用于车轮轴承的滚动轴承单元，其中轴承圈在运输期间被固定，轴承圈具有润滑剂保持功能，轴承圈可以以简单的方式快速地安装到车轮轴承中。
该目的通过根据方案1的滚动轴承单元和根据方案10的车轮轴承组件来实现。
在以下，提出了一种滚动轴承单元，所述滚动轴承单元特别用于车辆的车轮轴承组件，所述滚动轴承单元包括滚动轴承，所述滚动轴承包括轴承外圈和轴承内圈，所述轴承外圈和所述轴承内圈在所述轴承外圈和所述轴承内圈之间限定了轴承内部，滚动体布置在所述轴承内部中。所述轴承内圈还包括面向所述轴承内部的轴承内圈面以及轴向终止的端面。另外，所述滚动轴承单元包括第一密封组件，所述第一密封组件经由保持元件被固定在所述轴承外圈上且承载有(carries)抵着所述轴承内圈面或由所述轴承内圈承载的滑套滑移的密封元件，所述第一密封组件密封所述轴承内部。
为了在无须在安装之前必须移除运输保护件的情况下防止滚动轴承单元散架，提出将所述保持元件构造为有角度的板，所述有角度的板包括环形的轴向延伸的腿和环形的径向向内延伸的凸缘，其中所述环形的径向向内延伸的凸缘延伸越过轴承内圈面。如此，所述径向向内延伸的凸缘将所述轴承外圈支撑在所述轴承内圈上且防止组装的滚动轴承散架。同时所述保持元件确保防止在运输、安装和操作期间粗糙的污垢渗透到轴承中。
根据一个优选示例性实施方式，所述轴承内圈还包括位于与所述密封组件相关联的端面的台阶，所述径向向内延伸的凸缘被收纳在所述台阶中。由此可以提供在轴向上尽可能节约空间的运输保护(securing)。
这里，所述台阶优选包括径向延伸的台阶面和轴向延伸的台阶面，其中，所述径向向内延伸的凸缘被布置成与所述台阶面间隔开且形成间隙密封。该间隙密封确保防止粗糙污染(coarse contamination)的特别良好的保护。由此可以同时确保滚动轴承的更加无摩擦的操作。
此外，如果所述台阶经由被推到所述轴承内圈上的滑套形成，则是有利的，其中优选地，所述轴向延伸的台阶面经由所述轴承内圈面形成，所述径向延伸的台阶面由所述滑套的端面形成。由此省略了轴承内圈的额外加工。另外，现有的滚动轴承还可以配备有密封组件。滑套具有以下额外的优势：滑套具有能够使密封唇进行无损耗抵接的特别平滑的表面，由此可以增加轴承的使用寿命。
根据另一有利的示例性实施方式，所述轴承内圈的端面和所述径向向内延伸的凸缘的外表面被布置成彼此齐平。由此还可以将滚动轴承安装在包括转向轴(stub-axle)台阶的转向轴上。
另一示例性实施方式示出滚动轴承单元，其中，所述轴承外圈在所述第一密封组件侧在轴向上延长(elongated)，使得所述轴承外圈的端侧形成为与所述轴承内圈的端侧齐平。由此可以提供对于保持元件的特别良好的安装可能性。
根据另一有利实施方式，所述第一密封组件包括承载件元件，所述承载件元件可转动地连接到所述保持元件，所述承载件元件以例如通过硫化的材料结合方式和/或以例如通过夹持的摩擦配合方式连接到所述密封元件。这里，所述承载件元件优选地布置在所述保持元件的所述径向向内延伸的凸缘的轴向内侧。由此仍可以有效地防止污垢或水从外部环境侵入到轴承内部中。此外，密封元件可以包括至少一个密封唇，所述至少一个密封唇相对于所述轴承内圈和/或滑套密封。作为一种选择或另外地，密封元件可以包括预紧元件，例如为弹簧元件，预紧元件确保了特别良好的密封。
根据另一优选示例性实施方式，所述滚动轴承单元包括第二密封组件，所述第二密封组件布置在所述滚动轴承的与所述第一密封组件反向的轴向侧且密封所述轴承内部。由此可以提供包括相对于外部环境密封的轴承内部的滚动轴承单元。该滚动轴承单元可以被设置为预充填有润滑剂的预组装的轴承单元，其可以简单且快速地安装在车轮轴承中。此外，可靠地防止了用“不正确的”润滑剂的不正确的充填和/或因水和/或污垢侵入轴承内部而导致的污染。由此，车轮轴承也可以配备有需要单独安装单个滚动轴承单元的预组装的轴承单元。
这里，优选的是，所述第二密封组件连接到所述轴承外圈，使得所述第二密封组件和所述轴承外圈一起转动，所述第二密封组件包括抵着所述轴承内圈面或由所述轴承内圈承载的滑套滑移的密封元件。为了附接于轴承外圈使得第二密封组件与轴承外圈一起转动，特别优选的是，槽设置在外圈中，第二密封组件被收纳在该槽中。
本发明的另一方面涉及一种车辆的车轮轴承组件，其包括可以如上所述构造的滚动轴承单元。
此外，在说明书、权利要求书或附图中限定了其他优势和有利的实施方式。这里，特别地，在说明书中和在附图中指定的特征的组合仅仅是示例性的，使得特征还可以单独提出或以其他方式组合。
在下文中，将参照在附图中所示的示例性实施方式更加详细地描述本发明。这里，示例性实施方式和在示例性实施方式中所示的组合仅仅是示例性的，而非意图限定本发明的范围。本发明的范围仅由权利要求限定。
附图说明
图1示出包括了发明的滚动轴承单元的车轮轴承组件的示意性截面图；
图2示出图1中所示的滚动轴承单元的细节图；以及
图3示出图1中所示的滚动轴承单元的另一细节图。
附图标记列表
100 车轮轴承组件
1 滚动轴承单元
2、4 滚动轴承
6 轴承外圈
8 轴承内圈
10 轴承内部
12 滚动体
14 滚动轴承保持架
16 第一密封组件
18 第二密封组件
20 保持元件
22 轴向部
24 径向凸缘
26 轴承内圈面
28 台阶
30 径向台阶面
32 轴向台阶面
34、36 间隙
38、40 轴承圈端面
42 保持元件径向外表面
44 承载件元件
46 密封元件
48 密封唇
50 弹簧元件
52 密封环盘
54 密封唇
56 槽
具体实施方式
在下文中，相同的或功能相同的操作元件由相同的附图标记指代。
图1示出用于车辆的车轮轴承组件100的示意性截面图，所述车轮轴承组件100在图2和图3中以截面(sectionally)放大的方式被示出。这里，图1中所示的车轮轴承组件被构造为双列圆锥滚子轴承2、4，其中，两个圆锥滚子轴承以背对背配置的方式布置，从而使得能够相对于侧向力具有高刚度。
为了简单起见，在下文中，论述承载本发明的元件的圆锥滚子轴承4。
图1中所示的滚动轴承4包括轴承外圈6和能够相对于该轴承外圈6转动的轴承内圈8，在轴承外圈6与轴承内圈8之间形成其中布置有滚动体12的轴承内部空间10。作为一种选择，滚动体12可以被容纳在轴承保持架14中。图1还示出了与在轴承外圈6与轴承内圈8之间的滚动体12轴向相邻的第一外密封组件16和第二内密封组件18，该第一外密封组件16布置在车轮轴承的外侧，第二内密封组件18位于车轮轴承的内侧，该密封组件16和18密封滚动轴承4，防止污垢或水从外部环境侵入。滚动轴承4和密封组件16、18一起形成滚动轴承单元1，该滚动轴承单元1可以被设置为预组装且预润滑的滚动轴承单元1且可以被车轮轮毂接纳(received)。
然而，为了将滚动轴承单元1设置为预组装的单元，必须不仅具有防止污垢侵入或润滑剂排出的良好密封，而且还被固定(secured)防止散架。尤其对于这里所示的圆锥滚子形状，在没有固定机构的情况下，滚动轴承2、4将容易朝向车轮轴承内部散架。
因此，第一密封组件16没有构造为如现有技术的那样，而是如特别在图2中可见的那样，另外包括固定轴承外圈6防止轴向滑移(slipping)的保持元件20。保持元件20自身被构造为有角度的金属板元件，包括：轴向部22，该轴向部22附接于轴承外圈6，使得轴向部22和轴承外圈6一起转动；和径向凸缘24，该径向凸缘24朝向轴承内圈8延伸。这里，径向凸缘24至少部分地延伸直到越过(over)或经过或超过轴承内圈面26。
为了使得能够在轴承内圈8上特别良好地接纳并支撑径向凸缘24，包括了径向延伸的台阶面30和轴向延伸的台阶面32的台阶28形成在轴承内圈上。该台阶可以与轴承内圈8一体地形成，然而还可以的是，经由安装在轴承内圈8上的滑套(slip sleeve)形成台阶28。这里，径向凸缘24支撑在径向台阶面30上且起到防止滚动轴承4散架的安装-运输保护的作用。
此外，可以从图2看到，在径向凸缘24与径向台阶面30之间存在间隙，且在径向凸缘24与轴向台阶面32之间存在间隙。这些间隙34、36使得保持元件20能够相对于轴承内圈8无摩擦(friction-free)运动。同时，这里形成间隙密封，从而提供了附加的密封以防止污垢的进入。
图2还示出轴承外圈6在轴向上被加宽，使得轴承外圈6的端面38与轴承内圈8的端面40齐平。另外，轴承内圈8中的台阶28允许保持元件20的径向外表面42与轴承内圈8的端面40或轴承外圈6的端面38齐平。由此，滚动轴承4甚至可以以无问题的方式收纳在包括转向轴台阶的转向轴上，而无需为安装而移除保持元件20或者无需调整轴承的总轴向长度。
保持元件20承载实际的第一密封组件16，该第一密封组件16包括承载件元件44，该承载件元件44包括以例如通过硫化的材料结合方式或以例如通过夹持的摩擦配合方式附接于该承载件元件44的密封元件46。在面向轴承内部10的那一侧，密封元件46沿着承载件元件44、从轴承外圈6径向地延伸直至轴承内圈8且包括至少一个密封唇50，作为一种选择，密封唇50被弹簧元件48预紧，密封唇50抵着轴承内圈8滑动并密封轴承内部10。当然，从现有技术已知的所有其他密封元件可用于密封组件16。
为了不仅在车轮轴承外侧而且还在车轮轴承内侧密封滚动轴承4，如图1示出了第二密封组件18，第二密封组件18在图3中被放大示出，第二密封组件18设置在车轮轴承内侧。第二密封组件18实质上还附接于轴承外圈6，使得第二密封组件18和轴承外圈6一起转动，第二密封组件18包括径向延伸的密封环盘52，该密封环盘52径向向内地承载有抵着轴承内圈8滑移的密封唇54。密封环盘(disc)52径向向外地收纳在设置于轴承外圈6的槽56中。当然，也可以通过现有技术已知的其他密封来形成该密封组件。
有利的是，一直通过布置在滚动体两侧的密封组件16、18来保护滚动轴承内部(即使在安装期间和在运输期间也是如此)，防止污垢和/或水的进入或润滑剂的排出。同时，附加的保持元件防止轴承圈散架或相对于彼此轴向分离，使得提供了可以同样(even)保持在处于组装状态的轴承上的安装和运输固定(securing)。

Claims (12)

1.一种滚动轴承单元(1)，所述滚动轴承单元(1)包括：
滚动轴承(4)，所述滚动轴承(4)包括轴承外圈(6)和轴承内圈(8)，所述轴承外圈(6)和所述轴承内圈(8)在所述轴承外圈(6)与所述轴承内圈(8)之间限定了轴承内部(10)，滚动体(12)布置在所述轴承内部(10)中，其中，所述轴承内圈(8)包括面向所述轴承内部(10)的轴承内圈面(26)以及轴向终止的端面(40)，
所述滚动轴承单元(1)还包括：第一密封组件(16)，所述第一密封组件(16)经由保持元件(20)被固定在所述轴承外圈(6)上，且承载有抵着所述轴承内圈面(26)或由所述轴承内圈(8)承载的滑套滑移的密封元件(46)，所述第一密封组件(16)密封所述轴承内部(10)，
其特征在于，
所述保持元件(20)被构造为有角度的金属板元件，所述有角度的金属板元件包括环形的轴向延伸的腿(22)和环形的径向向内延伸的凸缘(24)，其中，所述径向向内延伸的凸缘(24)延伸越过所述轴承内圈面(26)，
其中，所述轴承内圈(8)还包括接纳所述径向向内延伸的凸缘(24)的台阶(28)，所述台阶(28)包括径向延伸的台阶面(30)和轴向延伸的台阶面(32)，
其中，所述径向向内延伸的凸缘(24)的外表面(42)被布置成与所述轴承内圈(8)的端面(40)齐平，所述径向向内延伸的凸缘(24)的端表面直接面对所述轴向延伸的台阶面(32)，所述径向向内延伸的凸缘(24)的内表面能够支撑在所述径向延伸的台阶面(30)上，以防止所述轴承外圈(6)和所述轴承内圈(8)散架或相对于彼此轴向分离。
2.根据权利要求1所述的滚动轴承单元(1)，其特征在于，所述台阶(28)位于与所述第一密封组件(16)相关联的端面(40)上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的滚动轴承单元(1)，其特征在于，所述径向向内延伸的凸缘(24)被布置成与所述台阶面(30、32)间隔开且形成间隙密封。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的滚动轴承单元(1)，其特征在于，所述台阶(28)由被推到所述轴承内圈(8)上的滑套形成。
5.根据权利要求4所述的滚动轴承单元(1)，其特征在于，所述轴向延伸的台阶面(32)由所述轴承内圈面(26)形成、所述径向延伸的台阶面(30)由所述滑套的端面形成。
6.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的滚动轴承单元(1)，其特征在于，所述轴承外圈(6)在所述第一密封组件(16)侧轴向地延长，使得所述轴承外圈(6)的端面(38)被构造成与所述轴承内圈(8)的端面(40)齐平。
7.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的滚动轴承单元(1)，其特征在于，所述第一密封组件(16)包括承载件元件(44)，所述承载件元件(44)被连接到所述保持元件(20)，使得所述承载件元件(44)和所述保持元件(20)一起转动，所述承载件元件(44)以材料结合和/或摩擦配合的方式连接到所述密封元件(46)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的滚动轴承单元(1)，其特征在于，所述承载件元件(44)布置在所述保持元件(20)的所述径向向内延伸的凸缘(24)的轴向内侧。
9.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的滚动轴承单元(1)，其特征在于，所述滚动轴承单元包括第二密封组件(18)，所述第二密封组件(18)布置在所述滚动轴承(4)的与所述第一密封组件(16)反向的轴向侧，且密封所述轴承内部(10)。
10.根据权利要求9所述的滚动轴承单元(1)，其特征在于，所述第二密封组件(18)连接到所述轴承外圈(6)，使得所述第二密封组件(18)和所述轴承外圈(6)一起转动，所述第二密封组件(18)包括抵着所述轴承内圈面(26)或由所述轴承内圈(8)承载的滑套滑移的密封元件(52)。
11.根据权利要求1所述的滚动轴承单元(1)，其特征在于，所述滚动轴承单元(1)用于车辆的车轮轴承组件(100)。
12.一种车辆的车轮轴承组件(100)，包括根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的滚动轴承单元(1)。
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