CN107539530B - Semi-automatic single granule racking machine and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Semi-automatic single granule racking machine and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107539530B CN107539530B CN201710756442.2A CN201710756442A CN107539530B CN 107539530 B CN107539530 B CN 107539530B CN 201710756442 A CN201710756442 A CN 201710756442A CN 107539530 B CN107539530 B CN 107539530B
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- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 92
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012858 packaging process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004260 weight control Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a semi-automatic single granule racking machine and an operation method thereof.A whole racking process is subjected to multiple control, a bilateral asymmetric oscillation mechanism is combined with a conveying belt powered by a transmission motor, granules are distributed twice, and the granules are distributed at intervals in a single row; the infrared counting structure and the collecting bin are used for realizing the functions of subpackaging and discharging the granules according to a certain quantity, and simultaneously counting the total number of the granules and the subpackaging times respectively. The invention has simple and ingenious structure, accurate infrared counting and granular material warehouse-out counting, ensures the precision and efficiency of the whole subpackaging process by adopting a multiple control scheme, can avoid the defects of manual subpackaging in the aspects of safety and sanitation, and can meet the requirement of users on the subpackaging precision of granular granules.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of granule subpackaging, in particular to a semi-automatic single granule subpackaging machine and an operation method thereof.
Background
Most of the existing subpackaging machines subpackage the granular materials according to weight, and the subpackaged granular materials are only limited to powder granular materials, fine granular materials and the like. And when the user need carry out the aggregate of strict limitation to the quantity of aggregate at the partial shipment, for example pearl, candy, tablet medicine etc. must use the manual work to carry out the partial shipment to it, and whole process is wasted time and energy, and not only efficiency is not high but also be difficult to guarantee that partial shipment precision and partial shipment in-process health are up to standard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing racking machine cannot carry out racking on granular granules according to the quantity, and provides a semi-automatic single granule racking machine and an operation method thereof.
In order to solve the problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the semi-automatic single granule racking machine mainly comprises a base, a feeding mechanism, an asymmetric oscillation mechanism, a conveying mechanism, an aggregate mechanism and a control circuit; the feeding mechanism, the conveying mechanism and the material collecting mechanism are sequentially arranged on the base from left to right;
the feeding mechanism is positioned right above the left side of the base; the feeding mechanism consists of a feeding hopper which is horizontally arranged, a hopper bracket which is positioned above the feeding hopper and a hopper bracket which is positioned below the feeding hopper; the hopper is arranged on the hopper bracket and is positioned on the left side of the feeding hopper; the hopper bracket is contacted with the base through the roller;
the asymmetric oscillating mechanism is positioned below the middle part of the feeding hopper; the asymmetric oscillation mechanism consists of a movable support plate, an oscillation adsorption iron sheet, a strong magnetic fixing support plate, a strong magnetic electromagnet, a weak magnetic fixing support plate, a weak magnetic electromagnet and a spring; the upper end of the movable support plate is fixed in the middle of the lower part of the feeding hopper, and the lower end of the movable support plate is suspended; the lower ends of the strong magnetic fixing support plate and the weak magnetic fixing support plate are fixed on the base, and the upper ends of the strong magnetic fixing support plate and the weak magnetic fixing support plate are suspended; the strong magnetic fixed support plate and the weak magnetic fixed support plate are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the movable support plate, and the strong magnetic fixed support plate and the movable support plate as well as the weak magnetic fixed support plate and the movable support plate are connected through springs; the left and right side surfaces of the lower part of the movable support plate are respectively fixed with an oscillating adsorption iron sheet; the upper part of the strong magnetic fixed support plate and one side of the strong magnetic fixed support plate facing the movable support plate are provided with strong magnetic electromagnets, and the positions of the strong magnetic electromagnets are opposite to the positions of the oscillation adsorption iron sheets on the same side; the weak magnetic electromagnet is arranged on the upper part of the weak magnetic fixed support plate and on one side of the weak magnetic fixed support plate facing the movable support plate, and the position of the weak magnetic electromagnet is opposite to the position of the oscillating adsorption iron sheet on the same side;
the conveying mechanism is positioned right above the middle part of the base; the conveying mechanism consists of a conveying belt, a transmission rotating wheel, a transmission bracket and a transmission motor; the transmission rotating wheel is supported above the base by the transmission bracket, and the conveying belt is wound on the transmission rotating wheel; the horizontal height of the conveyor belt is lower than that of the hopper; the transmission rotating wheel is connected with the output end of the transmission motor;
the material collecting mechanism is positioned right above the right side of the base; the collecting mechanism consists of a collecting bin, an infrared transmitting tube, an infrared receiving tube, a partition plate adsorption iron sheet, a bin mouth upper electromagnet and a bin mouth lower electromagnet; the aggregate bin is fixed on the right side of the base and is a hollow cuboid as a whole; a feeding port is formed in the upper part of the left side wall of the material collecting bin towards one side of the conveying mechanism, and a discharging port is formed in the lower part of the right side wall of the material collecting bin; the upper edge of the discharge hole of the material collecting bin is provided with a bin opening upper electromagnet, and the lower edge of the material collecting bin is provided with a bin opening lower electromagnet; one end of the clapboard is hinged at the lower part of the left side wall of the material collecting bin, and the other end of the clapboard is provided with a clapboard for adsorbing iron sheets; when the partition board adsorbs the iron sheet and is attached to the electromagnet on the bin opening, the discharge opening of the material collecting bin is closed; when the partition board adsorbs the iron sheet and is attached to the electromagnet below the bin opening, the discharge opening of the material collecting bin is opened; the infrared transmitting tube and the infrared receiving tube are arranged on a connecting line of a feeding port and a discharging port in an inner cavity of the material collecting bin and are opposite in position;
the control circuit consists of a controller, a counting circuit, an asymmetric oscillation driving circuit, a transmission driving circuit and a bin opening driving circuit, wherein the counting circuit, the asymmetric oscillation driving circuit, the transmission driving circuit and the bin opening driving circuit are connected with the controller; the counting circuit is connected with the infrared transmitting tube and the infrared receiving tube; the asymmetric oscillation driving circuit is connected with the strong magnetic electromagnet and the weak magnetic electromagnet; the transmission driving circuit is connected with the transmission motor; the bin opening driving circuit is connected with the upper bin opening electromagnet and the lower bin opening electromagnet.
In the above scheme, the base is further provided with a roller guide rail, and the rollers are located on the roller guide rail.
In the scheme, the strong magnetic fixing support plate and the strong magnetic electromagnet thereof are positioned on the left side of the movable support plate, and the weak magnetic fixing support plate and the weak magnetic electromagnet thereof are positioned on the right side of the movable support plate.
In the above scheme, the transmission rotating wheel rotates clockwise.
In the above scheme, the control circuit further comprises a display screen and a keyboard; the display screen and the keyboard are connected with the controller.
In the scheme, the asymmetric oscillation driving circuit comprises diodes D9-D10, darlington tubes Q1-Q2 and resistors R4-R5; the base electrode of the Darlington tube Q1 is connected with the output end of the controller through a resistor R4, and the base electrode of the Darlington tube Q2 is connected with the output end of the controller through a resistor R5; the drain electrode of the Darlington tube Q1 is divided into 2 paths, one path is connected with a power supply Vcc through a diode D9, and the other end is connected with the power supply Vcc through a strong-magnetic electromagnet; the drain electrode of the Darlington tube Q2 is divided into 2 paths, one path is connected with a power supply Vcc through a diode D10, and the other end is connected with the power supply Vcc through a weak-magnetic electromagnet; the source electrode of the Darlington tube Q1 and the source electrode of the Darlington tube Q2 are simultaneously connected with the ground GND.
In the scheme, the bin opening driving circuit comprises diodes D11-D12, darlington tubes Q3-Q4 and resistors R7-R8; the base electrode of the Darlington tube Q3 is connected with the output end of the controller through a resistor R7, and the base electrode of the Darlington tube Q4 is connected with the output end of the controller through a resistor R8; the drain electrode of the Darlington tube Q3 is divided into 2 paths, one path is connected with a power supply Vcc through a diode D11, and the other end is connected with the power supply Vcc through an electromagnet under the bin opening; the drain electrode of the Darlington tube Q4 is divided into 2 paths, one path is connected with a power supply Vcc through a diode D12, and the other end is connected with the power supply Vcc through an electromagnet on the bin opening; the source electrode of the Darlington tube Q3 and the source electrode of the Darlington tube Q4 are simultaneously connected with the ground GND.
The operation method of the semi-automatic single granule racking machine comprises the following steps:
step 1, presetting subpackage times and single subpackage quantity through a controller;
step 8, when the granules fall from the tail end, namely the right end, of the conveyor belt to a feeding port of the aggregate bin, the falling granules block the infrared receiving tube from receiving infrared rays emitted by the infrared emitting tube, a granule capturing signal is returned to the controller, and the controller adds one to the subpackage count value;
9, when the subpackage count value reaches the set single subpackage numerical value, the controller sends a signal to power off the asymmetric oscillation driving circuit and the transmission driving circuit; at the moment, the bin opening driving circuit enables the electromagnet under the bin opening to be electrified under the control of the controller, the electromagnet on the bin opening is powered off, the partition plate is adsorbed on the electromagnet under the bin opening under the action of magnetic force, the discharge hole of the aggregate bin is opened, and the aggregate falls into an external container from the aggregate bin, so that a sub-packaging process is completed;
and step 10, after one sub-packaging process is finished, returning to the step 2 to start the next sub-packaging process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention carries out multiple control on the whole subpackaging process through the control system, combines the bilateral asymmetric oscillating mechanism and the conveying belt powered by the transmission motor (16), and arranges the granules twice, so that the granules are distributed at intervals in a single row; the infrared counting structure and the collecting bin are used for realizing the functions of subpackaging and discharging the granules according to a certain quantity, and simultaneously counting the total number of the granules and the subpackaging times respectively. The invention has simple and ingenious structure, accurate infrared counting and aggregate delivery counting, ensures the precision and efficiency of the whole subpackaging process by adopting a multiple control scheme, can avoid the defects of manual subpackaging in the aspects of safety and sanitation, and can meet the requirements of users on the subpackaging precision of granular aggregates.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a semi-automatic single pellet racking machine.
Fig. 2 is a structural side view of the roller and the guide rail.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the aggregate bin.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an asymmetric oscillation driving circuit.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a bin gate driving circuit.
FIG. 6 is a system flow diagram of a semi-automatic single pellet dispenser.
The following are marked in the figure: 1. a hopper support; 2. a hopper; 3. a hopper; 4. a hopper support; 5. a base; 6. a roller guide rail; 7. a roller; 8. a strong magnetic fixing support plate; 9. a ferromagnetic electromagnet; 10. a spring; 11. a movable support plate; 12. oscillating to adsorb the iron sheet; 13. a weak magnetic electromagnet; 14. a weak magnetic fixing support plate; 15. a transmission runner (15); 16. a transmission motor (16); 17. a conveyor belt; 18. a transmission bracket; 19. an infrared emission tube; 20. an infrared receiving tube; 21. a display screen; 22. a keyboard; 23. a partition plate; 24. an electromagnet is arranged on the bin opening; 25. the partition board adsorbs iron sheets; 26. an electromagnet under the bin opening; 27. a material collecting bin.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with specific examples. It should be noted that directional terms such as "upper", "lower", "middle", "left", "right", "front", "rear", and the like, referred to in the examples, refer only to the direction of the drawings. Accordingly, the directions used are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
A semi-automatic single granule racking machine is mainly composed of a base 5, a feeding mechanism, an asymmetric oscillating mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a collecting mechanism and a control circuit, as shown in figure 1.
The feeding mechanism is positioned right above the left side of the base 5. The feeding mechanism comprises a hopper 3, a hopper bracket 1, a hopper 2, 2 hopper brackets 4 and 2 rollers 7. The hopper 3 is horizontally arranged right above the left side of the base 5, extends along the left-right direction and has a U-shaped cross section. The conveying hopper of the granular materials adopts a U-shaped design, and the granular materials can be distributed in a single row by matching with an oscillating mechanism under the action of the self gravity of the granular materials. The hopper bracket 1 is vertically arranged above the left side of the feeding hopper 3, and the hopper 2 is arranged on the hopper bracket 1. The bottom of the hopper 2 is designed by an oblique plane, the connecting part of the hopper bracket 1 and the feeding hopper 3 is designed by an oblique plane, and the angle of the oblique plane is the same as the cutting angle of the bottom of the hopper 2. Through adjusting the inclined plane angle of 2 bottom bevels of hopper and the department that connects hopper support 1 and hopper 3, come to control the unloading speed of aggregate to can realize 2 dead weight control feeds of hopper. When the inclined plane at the bottom end of the hopper 2 is opposite to the inclined plane at the joint of the hopper bracket 1 and the feeding hopper 3 in the inclined direction, the blanking speed is fastest; the blanking speed gradually becomes slower along with the rotation of the hopper 2 on the hopper bracket 1; when the inclined plane at the bottom end of the hopper 2 is the same as the inclined plane at the joint of the hopper bracket 1 and the feeding hopper 3, the discharging opening is sealed, and discharging is stopped. The upper ends of the 2 hopper brackets 4 are respectively fixed below the left side and the right side of the hopper 3, the lower end of each hopper bracket 1 is provided with 1 roller 7, and the roller 7 is in contact with a roller guide rail 6 arranged on the base 5. The rollers 7 are designed in a concave shape and are matched with the convex shape of the roller guide rails 6 on the base 5, so that the moving direction and the moving stability of the hopper 3 are ensured, as shown in fig. 2.
The asymmetric oscillation mechanism is located below the middle of the hopper 3. The asymmetric oscillation mechanism comprises a movable support plate 11, an oscillation adsorption iron sheet 12, a strong magnetic fixing support plate 8, a strong magnetic electromagnet 9, a weak magnetic electromagnet 13, a weak magnetic fixing support plate 14 and a spring 10. The upper end of the movable support plate 11 is fixed in the middle of the lower part of the hopper 3, and the lower end of the movable support plate 11 is suspended. The lower ends of the strong magnetic fixing support plate 8 and the weak magnetic fixing support plate 14 are fixed on the base 5, and the upper ends of the strong magnetic fixing support plate 8 and the weak magnetic fixing support plate 14 are suspended. The strong magnetic fixed support plate 8 is positioned on the left side of the movable support plate 11, the weak magnetic fixed support plate 14 is positioned on the right side of the movable support plate 11, and the strong magnetic fixed support plate 8 and the movable support plate 11 and the weak magnetic fixed support plate 14 and the movable support plate 11 are connected through the springs 10. An oscillating adsorption iron sheet 12 is fixed on each of the left and right side surfaces of the lower portion of the movable support plate 11. The upper part of the strong magnetic fixed support plate 8 is provided with a strong magnetic electromagnet 9 at one side facing the movable support plate 11, namely the right side, and the position of the strong magnetic electromagnet 9 is opposite to the position of the oscillating adsorption iron sheet 12 at the right side. The weak magnetic electromagnet 13 is provided on the upper portion of the weak magnetic fixed stay 14 toward the left side, which is the side of the movable stay 11, and the position of the weak magnetic electromagnet 13 is opposite to the position of the oscillating attracting iron piece 12 on the left side. Under the control of the control circuit, after the bilateral asymmetric oscillation mechanism is electrified, the strong magnetic electromagnet 9 and the weak magnetic electromagnet 13 are alternately electrified, and different attractive forces are generated to the oscillation adsorption iron sheet 12 due to different magnetism. Under the action of attraction force, the hopper 3 is supported by the roller 7 and the roller 7 bracket to do oscillating motion with different accelerated speeds along the roller guide rail 6. The pellets move in an oscillation in the direction of the conveyor belt 17 under the influence of inertia. Due to the structural design of the spring 10, the movable support plate 11 and the fixed support are prevented from colliding in the moving process of the hopper 3, and the iron sheet collides with the strong magnetic electromagnet 9 and the weak magnetic electromagnet 13, so that the oscillation process is smoothly carried out. The asymmetric oscillation mechanism utilizes a bilateral asymmetric electromagnetic oscillation principle to enable the hopper 3 to generate different front and back accelerations under the action of asymmetric electromagnetic force, the front acceleration is greater than the back acceleration, the granules move back under the action of inertia, and then the granules are distributed in a single row under the action of self weight and oscillation of the hopper 3.
The conveying mechanism is positioned right above the middle part of the base 5. The transmission mechanism comprises a transmission belt 17, 2 transmission rotating wheels 15, 2 transmission brackets 18 and a transmission motor 16. The conveyor 17 is horizontally disposed right above the right side of the base 5 and extends in the left-right direction. The level of the conveyor belt 17 is lower than the level of the hopper 3 and the left end of the conveyor belt 17 is located directly below the right end of the hopper 3 and allows the granules from the hopper 3 to fall onto the conveyor belt 17. The lower end of 2 transmission supports 18 is fixed on the base 5, 1 transmission rotating wheel 15 is arranged above each transmission support 18, and the conveyor belt 17 is nested on the 2 transmission rotating wheels 15. The output end of the transmission motor 16 is connected with the transmission rotating wheel 15, and controls the transmission rotating wheel 15 to rotate clockwise so as to drive the conveyor belt 17 to rotate clockwise, and the aggregate sent out by the feeding mechanism is sent to the aggregate mechanism.
The material collecting mechanism is positioned right above the right side of the base 5. The material collecting mechanism is shown in fig. 3 and comprises a material collecting bin 27, an infrared transmitting tube 19, an infrared receiving tube 20, a partition plate 23, an upper bin opening electromagnet 24, a partition plate adsorption iron sheet 25, a lower bin opening electromagnet 26, a display screen 21 and a keyboard 22. The aggregate bin 27 is fixed on the right side of the base 5 and is a hollow cuboid as a whole. The upper portion of the left side wall of the aggregate bin 27 is provided with a feeding opening in an arc-shaped hollow design, and the feeding opening faces the tail end of the feeding mechanism. The lower part of the right side wall of the aggregate bin 27 is provided with a discharge hole. An upper bin opening electromagnet 24 is arranged at the upper side of a discharge opening of the collecting bin 27, and a lower bin opening electromagnet 26 is arranged at the lower side of the collecting bin 27.
The infrared transmitting tube 19 and the infrared receiving tube 20 are disposed in the cavity of the collecting bin 27 on the line of the feeding port and the discharging port, and are fixed relatively to the opposite side walls of the collecting bin 27. The display screen 21 and the keyboard 22 are provided on the outer side wall of the bin 27. The infrared transmitting tube 19 and the infrared receiving tube 20 form an infrared counter, which is installed at a position forming an included angle of 45 degrees with the conveyor belt 17, wherein the infrared transmitting tube and the infrared receiving tube are respectively installed at two sides of the collecting bin 27 adjacent to the conveyor belt 17, and the positions are opposite. The granular material is driven by the conveyor belt 17 to move to the right end of the conveyor belt 17, and when the granular material reaches a position forming an angle of 45 degrees with the plane of the conveyor belt 17, the granular material falls into the aggregate bin 27 under the action of the dead weight. At this time, the signal from the infrared transmitting tube 19 is blocked by the granular material, the signal received by the infrared receiving tube is blocked, and the counter counts the falling granular material. And the control circuit is used for processing the data and controlling the states of the bilateral asymmetric oscillation mechanism, the transmission motor 16 in the conveyor belt 17 and the port of the collecting bin 27 according to the data, thereby achieving the accurate and quick control effect.
One end of the clapboard 23 is hinged at the lower part of the left side wall of the aggregate bin 27, and the other end of the clapboard 23 is provided with a clapboard adsorption iron sheet 25. When the control circuit controls the electrification of the electromagnet 24 on the bin opening, the partition board adsorption iron sheet 25 is attached to the electromagnet 24 on the bin opening, and the discharge hole of the material collecting bin 27 is closed; when the control circuit controls the lower bin opening electromagnet 26 to be electrified, the partition plate adsorption iron sheet 25 is attached to the lower bin opening electromagnet 26, and the discharge hole of the aggregate bin 27 is opened, so that the aggregate can be automatically discharged after reaching the specified quantity.
The control circuit is connected with the strong magnetic electromagnet 9, the weak magnetic electromagnet 13, the transmission motor 16, the infrared transmitting tube 19, the infrared receiving tube 20, the upper hatch electromagnet 24, the lower hatch electromagnet 26, the display screen 21 and the keyboard 22. The strong magnetic electromagnet 9 and the weak magnetic electromagnet 13 are used for controlling the asymmetric oscillation mechanism to move, so that the feed hopper 3 generates different acceleration in front and back under the action of asymmetric electromagnetic force, and granules are distributed in a single row under the action of self weight and oscillation of the feed hopper 3. The transmission motor 16 controls the movement of the conveying mechanism, so that the granular materials falling into the feeding mechanism enter the material collecting mechanism. The infrared emission tube 19 and the infrared receiving tube 20 are used for counting the granules. The upper bin opening electromagnet 24 and the lower bin opening electromagnet 26 are used for controlling the partition plate 23 to move, so that the opening and closing of the discharge opening of the material collecting bin 27 are realized. The display screen 21 is used for displaying the total particle count, the particle subpackage times and the current count of the subpackage. The keys are used for setting the single subpackage quantity, and the asymmetric oscillation mechanism controls the motion state of the hopper 3 through power on and power off.
The minimum control system module of the control circuit takes AT89S52 as a main control chip and adopts an 11.0592MHZ crystal oscillator to construct a minimum control system. The transmission motor 16 module of the conveyor belt 17 takes a four-phase five-wire transmission motor 1628BYJ48 as a power source of the system, and is matched with a driving circuit taking L298N as a core to realize power transmission under the time sequence control of AT89S 52.
JLX12864G-086 is selected as a display interface of the system for the display screen 21, and data information such as setting parameters and counting data is mainly displayed. The keyboard 22 adopts a 4*4 matrix keyboard 22, is connected with a P0 port of the AT89S52, and is externally connected with a pull-up resistor. The control keyboard 22 is mainly used for data setting and related control operation of the system.
Referring to FIG. 4, the asymmetric oscillation driving circuit includes diodes D9-D10, darlington transistors Q1-Q2, and resistors R4-R5; the base electrode of the Darlington tube Q1 is connected with the output end of the controller through a resistor R4, and the base electrode of the Darlington tube Q2 is connected with the output end of the controller through a resistor R5; the drain electrode of the Darlington tube Q1 is divided into 2 paths, one path is connected with a power supply Vcc through a diode D9, and the other end is connected with the power supply Vcc through a strong-magnetic electromagnet 9; the drain electrode of the Darlington tube Q2 is divided into 2 paths, one path is connected with a power supply Vcc through a diode D10, and the other end is connected with the power supply Vcc through a weak-magnetism electromagnet 13; the source electrode of the Darlington tube Q1 and the source electrode of the Darlington tube Q2 are simultaneously connected with the ground GND. The asymmetric oscillating mechanism is composed of 2 electromagnets E1 and E2 which are symmetric, and the magnetism of E1 is stronger than that of E2. E1 and E2 are respectively driven by NPN and PNP Darlington tubes, the base electrodes of the two Darlington tubes are connected in common and are controlled by PWM waves output by a port P3.1 of AT89S 52. The circuit structure ensures that the electromagnets E1 and E2 can only be singly started at the same time, and the electromagnetic oscillation structure can be expressed as the back-and-forth expansion under the control of PWM waves. If the duty ratio alpha of the PWM wave is configured so that the start time of E1 and E2 in one period is different, the electromagnetic oscillation structure can make the speed of the granular material moving toward E1 different. When the alpha =1, the electromagnetic oscillation structure shows balanced vibration, and the granular material moves at a basic speed; when alpha is greater than 1, the electromagnetic oscillation structure shows deviation to E1 vibration, the speed of the hopper 3 moving to E1 is increased, and the speed of the granular materials moving to E2 under the action of inertia is increased; when alpha <1, the electromagnetic oscillation structure shows deflection towards E2 vibration, the speed of the hopper 3 moving towards E1 is reduced, and the speed of the granular material moving towards E2 under the action of inertia is reduced. And the larger | α -1| is, the more conspicuous the deflection vibration of the electromagnetic oscillating structure becomes.
The counting circuit mainly comprises an infrared transmitting tube and an infrared receiving tube, and the infrared transmitting tube and the infrared receiving tube are arranged on the position where the included angle between the material collecting bin 27 and the plane of the conveyor belt 17 is 45 degrees. When the system operates, the infrared transmitting tube transmits infrared rays, and when no granule slides down the channel, the infrared receiving tube can normally receive the infrared rays and output high level; if the pellets slide down, the infrared ray is blocked, and the infrared ray receiving tube 20 cannot receive the infrared ray, and outputs a low level. Based on the principle, the number of the granular materials can be obtained by counting the output falling edges of the infrared receiving tubes, so that the counting function is realized.
Referring to FIG. 5, the hatch drive circuit includes diodes D11-D12, darlington transistors Q3-Q4, and resistors R7-R8; the base electrode of the Darlington tube Q3 is connected with the output end of the controller through a resistor R7, and the base electrode of the Darlington tube Q4 is connected with the output end of the controller through a resistor R8; the drain electrode of the Darlington tube Q3 is divided into 2 paths, one path is connected with a power supply Vcc through a diode D11, and the other end is connected with the power supply Vcc through an electromagnet 26 under the bin opening; the drain electrode of the Darlington tube Q4 is divided into 2 paths, one path is connected with a power supply Vcc through a diode D12, and the other end is connected with the power supply Vcc through an electromagnet 24 on the bin opening; the source electrode of the Darlington tube Q3 and the source electrode of the Darlington tube Q4 are simultaneously connected with the ground GND. The discharge port of the collecting bin 27 is controlled by 2 symmetrical electromagnets E3 and E4, which are respectively driven by NPN and PNP Darlington tubes, the base electrodes of the two Darlington tubes are connected in common and controlled by a P1.4 port of AT89S 52. When P1.4 outputs high level, E3 is started, E4 is stopped, the partition plate 23 moves to E3, and the bin opening is opened; when P1.4 outputs low level, E3 stops, E4 starts, the partition plate 23 moves to E4, and the bin mouth is closed.
When the racking machine is used, a power switch of the control circuit is turned on, and the racking times and the single racking quantity are set through the keys. The lower oblique plane of the hopper 2 is rotated to the position coinciding with the feeding hopper 3, and then the granular particles to be subpackaged are poured into the hopper 2. The granules fall from hopper 2 into feed hopper 3 where they are initially arranged. Under the action of the asymmetric oscillation mechanism, the granules move towards the direction of the conveyor belt 17 in oscillation by inertia, and when the granules move to the edge of the hopper 3, the granules fall from the hopper 3 onto the conveyor belt 17. The moving conveyor 17 distributes the falling granules at different times to different locations on the conveyor 17, with a certain spacing between adjacent granules. When the granules fall from the tail end of the conveyor belt 17, namely the right end, to the feeding port of the aggregate bin 27, the falling granules block the infrared receiving tube from receiving infrared rays emitted by the infrared emitting tube, the infrared counter catches granule signals, and the subpackage count is added and displayed on the display screen 21. When this count value reaches and sets for single partial shipment numerical value, strong magnetism electro-magnet 9 and weak magnetism electro-magnet 13 outage among the asymmetric oscillation mechanism, conveyer belt 17 drive motor 16 outage, 24 outage on the door, 26 circular telegrams of electro-magnet under the door, baffle 23 is under the effect of gravity and electromagnetic attraction, around 23 pivot downstream of baffle, adsorb on electro-magnet 26 under the door, the discharge gate of collection feed bin 27 is opened, the aggregate falls into in the outside container from collection feed bin 27. After the granules are taken out of the bin, the strong magnetic electromagnet 9 and the weak magnetic electromagnet 13 in the asymmetric oscillation mechanism are electrified, the transmission motor 16 of the conveyor belt 17 is electrified, the electromagnet 24 on the bin opening is electrified, the electromagnet 26 under the bin opening is powered off, the partition plate 23 moves upwards around the rotating shaft of the partition plate 23 under the action of the magnetic force and is adsorbed on the electromagnet 24 on the bin opening, and the discharge hole of the aggregate bin 27 is closed and the next counting is carried out. And when the subpackaging frequency reaches the set subpackaging frequency, stopping the system.
The operation method of the semi-automatic single granule racking machine, as shown in fig. 6, specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, presetting subpackage times and single subpackage quantity through a controller;
step 8, when the granules fall from the tail end, namely the right end, of the conveyor belt 17 to a feeding port of the aggregate bin 27, the falling granules block the infrared receiving tube from receiving infrared rays emitted by the infrared emitting tube, a signal of capturing the granules is returned to the controller, and the controller adds one to the subpackaging count value;
9, when the subpackage count value reaches the set single subpackage numerical value, the controller sends a signal to power off the asymmetric oscillation driving circuit and the transmission driving circuit; at the moment, the bin opening driving circuit enables the lower bin opening electromagnet 26 to be electrified under the control of the controller, the upper bin opening electromagnet 24 is powered off, the partition plate 23 is adsorbed on the lower bin opening electromagnet 26 under the action of magnetic force, the discharge hole of the aggregate bin 27 is opened, and the aggregate falls into an external container from the aggregate bin 27, so that the primary subpackaging process is completed;
and step 10, after one sub-packaging process is finished, returning to the step 2 to start the next sub-packaging process.
The invention realizes the functions of single-row interval arrangement of granular materials, sequential counting of the infrared counters and automatic delivery, and the granular material subpackaging process is more accurate and efficient by carrying out multiple control on the display screen 21, the key circuit, the bilateral asymmetric oscillating mechanism, the conveying motor, the infrared counting and other modules, thereby not only saving manpower and material resources, but also meeting the requirements of people on the speed and the precision of subpackaging granular materials, and greatly improving the working efficiency of subpackaging the granular materials according to a certain quantity.
It should be noted that, although the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are illustrative, the present invention is not limited thereto, and therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. Other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art in light of the teachings of the present invention, are considered to be within the scope of the present invention without departing from its principles.
Claims (8)
1. Semi-automatic single granule racking machine which characterized in that: comprises a base (5), a feeding mechanism, an asymmetric oscillating mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a material collecting mechanism and a control circuit; the feeding mechanism, the conveying mechanism and the material collecting mechanism are sequentially arranged on the base (5) from left to right;
the feeding mechanism is positioned right above the left side of the base (5); the feeding mechanism consists of a feeding hopper (3) which is horizontally arranged, a hopper support (1) which is positioned above the feeding hopper (3) and a hopper support (1) which is positioned below the feeding hopper (3); the hopper (2) is arranged on the hopper bracket (1) and is positioned at the left side of the feeding hopper (3); the hopper bracket (1) is contacted with the base (5) through a roller (7); the bottom of the hopper (2) is designed by an inclined plane, and the connecting part of the hopper bracket (1) and the feeding hopper (3) is designed by an inclined plane;
the asymmetric oscillating mechanism is positioned below the middle part of the feeding hopper (3); the asymmetric oscillation mechanism consists of a movable support plate (11), an oscillation adsorption iron sheet (12), a strong magnetic fixing support plate (8), a strong magnetic electromagnet (9), a weak magnetic fixing support plate (14), a weak magnetic electromagnet (13) and a spring (10); the upper end of the movable support plate (11) is fixed in the middle of the lower part of the feeding hopper (3), and the lower end of the movable support plate (11) is suspended; the lower ends of the strong magnetic fixing support plate (8) and the weak magnetic fixing support plate (14) are fixed on the base (5), and the upper ends of the strong magnetic fixing support plate (8) and the weak magnetic fixing support plate (14) are both suspended; the strong magnetic fixing support plate (8) and the weak magnetic fixing support plate (14) are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the movable support plate (11), and the strong magnetic fixing support plate (8) and the movable support plate (11) as well as the weak magnetic fixing support plate (14) and the movable support plate (11) are connected through springs (10); the left and right side surfaces of the lower part of the movable support plate (11) are respectively fixed with an oscillating adsorption iron sheet (12); a ferromagnetic electromagnet (9) is arranged on the upper part of the ferromagnetic fixed support plate (8) and on one side facing the movable support plate (11), and the position of the ferromagnetic electromagnet (9) is opposite to the position of the oscillation adsorption iron sheet (12) on the same side; a weak magnetic electromagnet (13) is arranged on the upper part of the weak magnetic fixed support plate (14) and on one side of the weak magnetic fixed support plate (11) facing the movable support plate, and the position of the weak magnetic electromagnet (13) is opposite to the position of the oscillating adsorption iron sheet (12) on the same side;
the conveying mechanism is positioned right above the middle part of the base (5); the conveying mechanism consists of a conveying belt (17), a transmission rotating wheel (15), a transmission bracket (18) and a transmission motor (16); the transmission rotating wheel (15) is supported above the base (5) by a transmission bracket (18), and the conveyor belt (17) is wound on the transmission rotating wheel (15); the horizontal height of the conveyor belt (17) is lower than that of the hopper (3); the transmission rotating wheel (15) is connected with the output end of the transmission motor (16);
the material collecting mechanism is positioned right above the right side of the base (5); the collecting mechanism consists of a collecting bin (27), an infrared transmitting tube (19), an infrared receiving tube (20), a partition plate (23), a partition plate adsorption iron sheet (25), an upper electromagnet (24) on a bin opening and a lower electromagnet (26) of the bin opening; the aggregate bin (27) is fixed on the right side of the base (5) and is a hollow cuboid as a whole; a feeding port is formed in the upper part of the left side wall of the material collecting bin (27) towards one side of the conveying mechanism, and a discharging port is formed in the lower part of the right side wall of the material collecting bin (27); an upper edge of a discharge hole of the material collecting bin (27) is provided with a bin opening upper electromagnet (24), and a lower edge of the material collecting bin (27) is provided with a bin opening lower electromagnet (26); one end of the clapboard (23) is hinged at the lower part of the left side wall of the aggregate bin (27), and the other end of the clapboard (23) is provided with a clapboard adsorption iron sheet (25); when the partition board adsorbs iron sheets (25) and is attached to the electromagnet (24) on the bin opening, the discharge opening of the material collecting bin (27) is closed; when the partition board adsorption iron sheet (25) is attached to the lower bin opening electromagnet (26), the discharge opening of the material collection bin (27) is opened; the infrared transmitting tube (19) and the infrared receiving tube (20) are arranged in the inner cavity of the material collecting bin (27) on a connecting line of the feeding port and the discharging port, and the positions of the feeding port and the discharging port are opposite;
the control circuit consists of a controller, a counting circuit, an asymmetric oscillation driving circuit, a transmission driving circuit and a bin opening driving circuit, wherein the counting circuit, the asymmetric oscillation driving circuit, the transmission driving circuit and the bin opening driving circuit are connected with the controller; the counting circuit is connected with the infrared transmitting tube (19) and the infrared receiving tube (20); the asymmetric oscillation driving circuit is connected with the strong magnetic electromagnet (9) and the weak magnetic electromagnet (13); the transmission driving circuit is connected with a transmission motor (16); the bin opening driving circuit is connected with the upper bin opening electromagnet (24) and the lower bin opening electromagnet (26).
2. The semi-automatic single pellet racking machine of claim 1, wherein: the base (5) is further provided with a roller guide rail (6), and the roller (7) is positioned on the roller guide rail (6).
3. The semi-automatic single pellet racking machine of claim 1, wherein: the strong magnetic fixed support plate (8) and the strong magnetic electromagnet (9) thereof are positioned on the left side of the movable support plate (11), and the weak magnetic fixed support plate (14) and the weak magnetic electromagnet (13) thereof are positioned on the right side of the movable support plate (11).
4. The semi-automatic single pellet racking machine of claim 1, wherein: the transmission rotating wheel (15) rotates clockwise.
5. The semi-automatic single pellet racking machine of claim 1, wherein: the control circuit further comprises a display screen (21) and a keyboard (22); the display screen (21) and the keyboard (22) are connected with the controller.
6. The semi-automatic single pellet racking machine of claim 1, wherein: the asymmetric oscillation driving circuit comprises diodes D9-D10, darlington tubes Q1-Q2 and resistors R4-R5; the base electrode of the Darlington tube Q1 is connected with the output end of the controller through a resistor R4, and the base electrode of the Darlington tube Q2 is connected with the output end of the controller through a resistor R5; the drain electrode of the Darlington tube Q1 is divided into 2 paths, one path is connected with a power supply Vcc through a diode D9, and the other end is connected with the power supply Vcc through a strong-magnetic electromagnet (9); the drain electrode of the Darlington tube Q2 is divided into 2 paths, one path is connected with a power supply Vcc through a diode D10, and the other end is connected with the power supply Vcc through a weak-magnetism electromagnet (13); the source electrode of the Darlington tube Q1 and the source electrode of the Darlington tube Q2 are simultaneously connected with the ground GND.
7. The semi-automatic single pellet racking machine of claim 1, wherein: the bin opening driving circuit comprises diodes D11-D12, darlington tubes Q3-Q4 and resistors R7-R8; the base electrode of the Darlington tube Q3 is connected with the output end of the controller through a resistor R7, and the base electrode of the Darlington tube Q4 is connected with the output end of the controller through a resistor R8; the drain electrode of the Darlington tube Q3 is divided into 2 paths, one path is connected with a power supply Vcc through a diode D11, and the other end is connected with the power supply Vcc through an electromagnet (26) under the bin opening; the drain electrode of the Darlington tube Q4 is divided into 2 paths, one path is connected with a power supply Vcc through a diode D12, and the other end is connected with the power supply Vcc through an electromagnet (24) on the bin opening; the source electrode of the Darlington tube Q3 and the source electrode of the Darlington tube Q4 are simultaneously connected with the ground GND.
8. The method of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, presetting subpackage times and single subpackage quantity through a controller;
step 2, the controller sends out a signal to enable the asymmetrical oscillation driving circuit and the transmission driving circuit to start working; at the moment, the bin opening driving circuit enables the electromagnet (24) on the bin opening to be electrified under the control of the controller, the electromagnet (26) under the bin opening is powered off, the partition plate (23) is adsorbed on the electromagnet (24) on the bin opening under the action of magnetic force, and a discharge hole of the material collecting bin (27) is closed;
step 3, allowing the granules in the hopper (2) to fall into the left side of the feeding hopper (3) under the action of gravity;
step 4, under the control of PWM waves output by the controller, the asymmetric oscillation driving circuit enables the oscillation adsorption iron sheet (12) to be alternately attracted by the strong magnetic electromagnet (9) and the weak magnetic electromagnet (13);
step 5, the asymmetric oscillation mechanism applies a bilateral asymmetric electromagnetic oscillation principle to enable the hopper (3) to generate different acceleration in the front and back directions under the action of asymmetric electromagnetic force, the forward acceleration is greater than the backward acceleration, the granules move backward under the action of inertia, and then the granules are distributed in a single row under the action of self weight and oscillation of the hopper (3) and are gradually sent to the conveying mechanism;
step 6, the transmission driving circuit drives the transmission motor (16) to drive the conveyor belt (17) to rotate clockwise under the control of the controller;
step 7, the granules falling from the hopper (3) of the feeding mechanism onto the conveyor belt (17) of the conveying mechanism are gradually conveyed into the aggregate mechanism;
step 8, when the granules fall from the tail end, namely the right end, of the conveyor belt (17) to a feeding port of the aggregate bin (27), the falling granules block the infrared receiving tube from receiving infrared rays emitted by the infrared emitting tube, a granule capturing signal is returned to the controller, and the controller adds one to the subpackaging count value;
9, when the subpackage count value reaches the set single subpackage numerical value, the controller sends a signal to power off the asymmetric oscillation driving circuit and the transmission driving circuit; at the moment, the bin opening driving circuit enables the lower bin opening electromagnet (26) to be electrified under the control of the controller, the upper bin opening electromagnet (24) is powered off, the partition plate (23) is adsorbed on the lower bin opening electromagnet (26) under the action of magnetic force, the discharge hole of the aggregate bin (27) is opened, and the aggregate falls into an external container from the aggregate bin (27), so that the one-time subpackaging process is completed;
and step 10, after one sub-packaging process is finished, returning to the step 2 to start the next sub-packaging process.
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| CN1108206A (en) * | 1993-08-05 | 1995-09-13 | 神钢电机株式会社 | Apparatus for supplying units by vibration |
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Application publication date: 20180105 Assignee: Guilin Zhongchen Information Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: GUILIN University OF ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2022450000223 Denomination of invention: Semi automatic single type granular material packager and its operation method Granted publication date: 20221018 License type: Common License Record date: 20221206 |
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