CN107526176A - The method that intracavitary directly produces exponent number adjustable cyclone light beam - Google Patents
The method that intracavitary directly produces exponent number adjustable cyclone light beam Download PDFInfo
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- CN107526176A CN107526176A CN201710791667.1A CN201710791667A CN107526176A CN 107526176 A CN107526176 A CN 107526176A CN 201710791667 A CN201710791667 A CN 201710791667A CN 107526176 A CN107526176 A CN 107526176A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0927—Systems for changing the beam intensity distribution, e.g. Gaussian to top-hat
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/08059—Constructional details of the reflector, e.g. shape
- H01S3/08068—Holes; Stepped surface; Special cross-section
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
Abstract
A kind of method that intracavitary directly produces exponent number adjustable cyclone light beam, the core of this method is to etch circular micropore in the laser output face of laser, circular micropore is adjusted to laser beam center, the space loss modulation of circle is centrally formed in laser beam so that the vortex beams with specific exponent number directly vibrate and exported in intracavitary.Vortex beams exponent number continuously adjustabe in a wide range of can be realized by using the circular micropore with different-diameter and the relative position of regulation circle micropore and beam center, adjustable range is up to tens of ranks even ranks up to a hundred.Vortex beams caused by this method have the characteristics of high purity, transmission is stable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser technology field, method that particularly a kind of intracavitary directly produces exponent number adjustable cyclone light beam.
Background technology
Vortex beams have spiral Wave-front phase, in l times of one week 2 π of its Wave-front phase change in center, light beam
Each photon carriesOrbital angular momentum, wherein l is nonzero integer, referred to as the topological charge number (exponent number) of vortex beams.Center
The uncertainty of phase, cause wherein to feel in intensity singular point, light distribution is in a ring.Features described above causes vortex beams measuring
Son communication, optics micro- manipulation, super-resolution imaging and astronomical observation etc. have a wide range of applications.
The method for producing vortex beams at present is usually that fundamental-mode gaussian beam is modulated outside chamber, such as helical phase
Plate, calculate holographic grating, liquid crystal light modulator etc..The precision of processing is limited to, these methods can not obtain preferable vortex light
Beam, it has transmission unstability, the phenomenon of singular point division can be produced with transmission, this is extremely disadvantageous to above-mentioned application.Except above-mentioned
Outside method, the Hermite-Gaussian Beams of specific exponent number can also be converted into Laguerre Gauss light using post Lens-Mode converter
Beam (vortex beams), but this method is firstly the need of a laser that can produce preferable Hermite-Gaussian Beams.
LG0lThe Laguerre Gaussian beam of pattern is the vortex beams that topological charge number (exponent number) is l, is column symmetry laser resonance
The eigen solution of chamber, therefore intracavitary can directly produce preferable vortex beams.The side of vortex beams is directly produced in intracavitary at present
Method is mainly annular beam pumping method, but requirement of this method to pump light light distribution is more strict, to vortex beams rank
Several tunabilities is weaker, and just at present from the point of view of report, highest has had to l=3 vortex beams.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of method that new intracavitary directly produces exponent number adjustable cyclone light beam, and this method is by swashing
The laser output face of light device etches circular micropore, and circular micropore is adjusted to laser beam center, makes it in laser light
Beam center forms the space loss modulation of circle, directly selects out vortex beams and vibrates and export in intracavitary, caused vortex
Light beam high purity, transmission are stable；Utilize the relative of the circular micropore or fine setting circle micropore and beam center for having different-diameter
Position can realize vortex beams exponent number continuously adjustabe in a wide range of, and it is even up to a hundred that exponent number adjustable range can reach tens of ranks
Rank, substantially increase the adjustable ability of exponent number.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of method that intracavitary directly produces exponent number adjustable cyclone light beam, its feature are that this method comprises the following steps：
1) laser is built, a series of circular micropore of different-diameters is carved with the laser output face of the laser,
Regulation laser makes it export laser；
2) CCD camera is set in laser outbound course, the hot spot pattern of monitoring output laser, adjusts described end face
Lateral attitude, a certain circular micropore on described laser output face is set to be moved to laser beam center, until described CCD
The hot spot pattern of annular is shown in camera, then caused laser beam is with specific exponent number LG0lThe vortex beams of pattern,
Wherein l is the exponent number of nonzero integer, referred to as vortex beams；
3) the circular micropore of lateral attitude or switching with different-diameter for finely tuning circular micropore overlaps with laser beam,
The regulation of vortex beams exponent number is carried out, when switching different circular micropores, if the hot spot of annular can not be seen in CCD camera
Pattern, then need to adjust position of the gain media along laser transmission direction in laser, until showing ring in CCD camera again
The hot spot pattern of shape；
4) input face of post Lens-Mode converter is placed in the receiving plane of described CCD camera, by LG0lThe whirlpool of pattern
Optically-active beam is converted to HG0lThe Hermite-Gaussian Beams of pattern, to judge described vortex beams exponent number, if required vortex beams
Exponent number, then terminate, otherwise return to step 3).
Described laser includes pumping source, and the pumping light output direction along the pumping source is the first convex lens, successively
Two convex lens, concave mirror, gain crystal and output coupling mirror, pass through the first convex lens and second from the pump light of pumping source outgoing
Convex lens enter described gain crystal；Described concave mirror and output coupling mirror composition resonator, described gain crystal position
Between concave mirror and output coupling mirror；The described laser end face for being carved with circular micropore is output coupling mirror.
A series of circular micropore of different-diameters of described output coupling mirror is to be carved using pulse laser in lens surface
What erosion was formed.
The determination methods of described vortex beams exponent number are to subtract 1 by the light valve number of the hot spot pattern of Hermite-Gaussian Beams to be
Corresponding LG0lThe exponent number of the vortex beams of pattern.
Described post Lens-Mode converter is made up of circle lens, the first post lens and the second post lens successively, two posts
Lens are identical, and the distance between the first post lens and the second post lens areF is the focal length of post lens, enters row mode
During conversion, the circle lens center that focus on vortex beams between two post lens need to be utilized.
The adjustable general principle of exponent number is：With the increase of vortex beams exponent number, the area of vortex beams hollow area
Increase therewith, thus by using the circular micropore with larger diameter, it is possible to increase the area of space loss modulation, so as to select
The vortex beams for going out higher order number vibrate and exported in intracavitary, conversely, using the circular micropore with smaller diameter, can select
The vortex beams of more low order vibrate and exported, and this mode is easy to the exponent number of a wide range of regulation vortex beams；Finely tune circular micropore
Position cause a deviation from beam center, and close to the stronger annular region of light intensity, the loss of low order vortex beams can exceed more
The loss of high-order vortex beams, the result of competition cause intracavitary to select the vortex beams of higher order and vibrate and export, conversely, will
Circular micropore can select the vortex beams of lower-order to vibrate and export close to beam center.If the position of circular micropore is big
Amplitude off-beams center, light beam can lose annular spread, and now light beam is no longer vortex beams, therefore which can only be small
In the range of realize the continuously adjustabe of vortex beams exponent number.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation for the laser embodiments that intracavitary of the present invention directly produces vortex beams.Wherein：1. pumping
Source；2. the first convex lens；3. the second convex lens；4. concave mirror；5. gain crystal；6. output coupling mirror；7. the vortex light of output
The hot spot pattern schematic diagram of beam；8. the circular micropore schematic diagram on output coupling mirror surface.
Fig. 2 is the output coupling mirror schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.Wherein：A. output coupling mirror pictorial diagram；B. coupling is exported
Close the micrograph for the different-diameter circle micropore that mirror surface is etched, 9. a diameter of 30 microns of circular micropores；10. a diameter of 50
The circular micropore of micron；11. a diameter of 100 microns of circular micropore；12. a diameter of 150 microns of circular micropore；13. diameter
For 200 microns of circular micropore；14. a diameter of 300 microns of circular micropore；15. a diameter of 400 microns of circular micropore.
Fig. 3 be exponent number caused by the embodiment of the present invention be l=1-20 vortex beams hot spot pattern (by CCD camera
Display).Wherein l=1 vortex beams are produced using a diameter of 30 microns of circular micropore；L=2 vortex beams are to utilize
A diameter of 50 microns of circular micropore produces；L=3,4 vortex beams are produced using a diameter of 100 microns of circular micropore；
The vortex beams of l=5,6,7 are produced using a diameter of 150 microns of circular micropore；The vortex of l=8,9,10,11,12,13
Light beam is produced using a diameter of 200 microns of circular micropore；L=14,15 vortex beams utilize a diameter of 300 microns
Circular micropore produces；The vortex beams of l=16,17,18,19,20 are produced using a diameter of 400 microns of circular micropore.
Fig. 4 is the vortex beams hot spot pattern that exponent number is respectively l=33,40,50,64,74,85,94,108.Wherein l=
33rd, 40,50 vortex beams are produced using a diameter of 600 microns of circular micropore；The vortex beams of l=64,74,85 are profits
Produced with a diameter of 800 microns of circular micropores；L=94,108 vortex beams are circular micro- using a diameter of 1000 microns
Hole produces.
Fig. 5 is the post Lens-Mode converter schematic diagram for judging vortex beams exponent number.Wherein：16. circle lens；17.
First post lens；18. the second post lens；19.LG02The vortex beams hot spot pattern of pattern；20；HG02The Hermite-Gaussian light of pattern
Beam hot spot pattern.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The method that intracavitary of the present invention directly produces exponent number adjustable cyclone light beam, this method comprise the following steps：
1) laser is built, a series of circular micropore of different-diameters is carved with the laser output face of the laser,
Regulation laser makes it export laser；
2) CCD camera is set in laser outbound course, the hot spot pattern of monitoring output laser, adjusts described end face
Lateral attitude, a certain circular micropore on described laser output face is set to be moved to laser beam center, until described CCD
The hot spot pattern of annular is shown in camera, then caused laser beam is with specific exponent number LG0lThe vortex beams of pattern,
Wherein l is the exponent number of nonzero integer, referred to as vortex beams；
3) the circular micropore of lateral attitude or switching with different-diameter for finely tuning circular micropore overlaps with laser beam,
The regulation of vortex beams exponent number is carried out, when switching different circular micropores, if the hot spot of annular can not be seen in CCD camera
Pattern, then need to adjust position of the gain media along laser transmission direction in laser, until showing ring in CCD camera again
The hot spot pattern of shape；
4) input face of post Lens-Mode converter is placed in the receiving plane of described CCD camera, by LG0lThe whirlpool of pattern
Optically-active beam is converted to HG0lThe Hermite-Gaussian Beams of pattern, to judge described vortex beams exponent number, if required vortex beams
Exponent number, then terminate, otherwise return to step 3).
Here is one embodiment：
Laser embodiments as shown in Figure 1 are built, the laser includes pumping source 1, defeated along the pump light of the pumping source 1
Outgoing direction is the output that circular micropore is carved with the first convex lens 2, the second convex lens 3, concave mirror 4, gain crystal 5 and surface successively
Coupling mirror 6 (the laser output face of laser).Wherein pumping source 1 is laser diode, launch wavelength 808nm, passes through
To inside gain crystal 5, gain crystal 5 is the yttrium vanadate crystal (Nd of neodymium-doped for one convex lens 2 and the collimation focusing of the second convex lens 3:
YVO4), crystal front and rear surfaces are coated with the anti-reflection film of 1064nm wavelength and 808nm wavelength, and resonator is carved with by concave mirror 4 and surface
The output coupling mirror 6 of circular micropore forms, and the radius of curvature of described concave mirror 4 is 100 millimeters, and surface is coated with 1064nm wavelength
High-reflecting film, output coupling mirror surface 6 be carved with diameter be respectively 30 microns, 50 microns, 100 microns, 150 microns, 200 microns,
300 microns and 400 microns of circular micropore (micrograph such as Fig. 2 b), circular micropore are the nanosecond pulses using 1064nm wavelength
Laser etches to be formed in the surface border circular areas of output coupling mirror 6, the transmission of the deielectric-coating of lens surface to 1064nm wavelength
Rate is 2%, and the distance (i.e. chamber is grown) of concave mirror 4 and output coupling mirror 6 is 6 centimetres.
Transverse direction (perpendicular to laser propagation direction) position of regulation output coupling mirror 6 makes circular micropore anti-away from laser beam
The position penetrated, regulation laser make it export laser, CCD camera are placed behind output coupling mirror 6, monitor laser facula figure
Sample, regulation laser make it export fundamental-mode gaussian beam, and the hot spot pattern now presented in CCD is round spot.
The lateral attitude of mobile output coupling mirror 6, by a diameter of 30 microns of circular micropore close to beam center, until
The hot spot pattern of annular is shown in CCD, then is adjusted circular micropore to beam center, caused laser beam is exponent number l
=1 vortex beams；Continue to adjust the position of output coupling mirror 6, by a diameter of 50 microns of circular micropore close to beam center,
Until annular is presented in the hot spot pattern shown in CCD, caused laser beam is l=2 vortex beams；It is micro- by a diameter of 100
The circular micropore of rice, then will be circular micro- until showing the minimum annular of area (naked eyes are visible) in CCD close to beam center
Hole is adjusted to beam center, and caused laser beam is l=3 vortex beams, and the lateral attitude of the mobile circular micropore makes it
Center is moved slightly away from, l=4 vortex beams can be exported；By a diameter of 150 microns of circular micropore close to beam center, until
The minimum annular of area is shown in CCD, the laser beam of output is l=5 vortex beams, the transverse direction of the mobile circular micropore
Position makes it be moved slightly away from center, can be sequentially output l=6 and l=7 vortex beams；As procedure described above, utilization is a diameter of
200 microns of circular micropore can obtain l=8-13 vortex beams, and l=can be obtained using a diameter of 300 microns of circular micropore
14 and l=15 vortex beams, using a diameter of 400 microns of circular micropore, l=16-20 vortex beams can be obtained.Produced
Raw l=1-20 vortex beams light spot shape is as shown in figure 3, hot spot pattern is shown by CCD camera.To show this method pair
The regulating power of vortex beams exponent number, present invention utilizes the circular micropore with larger diameter to produce the higher vortex of exponent number
Light beam, Fig. 4 show the vortex beams that eight exponent numbers are more than 20, and the vortex beams of wherein l=33,40,50 are using a diameter of
600 microns of circular micropore produces；The vortex beams of l=64,74,85 are produced using a diameter of 800 microns of circular micropore；
L=94,108 vortex beams are produced using a diameter of 1000 microns of circular micropore.Note：Switching different circular micropores
When, if the hot spot pattern of annular can not be seen in CCD, illustrate that loss is excessive caused by circular micropore, now needs to move gain
Longitudinal direction (laser transmission direction) position of crystal 5, the pump light spot size in gain crystal 5 is incided in increase, until in CCD
The hot spot pattern of annular is shown, then carries out above-mentioned regulation process.
The determination methods of vortex beams exponent number are by LG using post Lens-Mode converter0lThe vortex beams of pattern are converted to
HG0lThe Hermite-Gaussian Beams of pattern.Such as Fig. 5, mode converter is by circle lens 16 successively, the first post lens 17 and the second post
Lens 18 form, and the structure of two post lens is identical, and the distance between they areF is the focal length of two post lens, sharp
The center for being focused on vortex beams between two post lens with circle lens 16, then vortex beams can be converted into Hermite-Gaussian
Light beam, for HG0lThe Hermite-Gaussian Beams of pattern, its hot spot pattern are presented the l+1 valve arranged in the same direction, utilize CCD
The hot spot pattern of Hermite-Gaussian Beams is shown, need to only count the number of valve, then it is caused vortex light that the number of light valve, which subtracts 1,
The exponent number of beam, for example, 3 valves are presented in the hot spot pattern for the Hermite-Gaussian Beams (19) being converted to, it can determine whether out caused
The exponent number of vortex beams (20) is l=3-1=2.
It should be noted last that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and it is unrestricted, although ginseng
The present invention is described in detail according to preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to invention
Technical scheme is modified or equivalent substitution, and without departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should cover
Among scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method that intracavitary directly produces exponent number adjustable cyclone light beam, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps：
1) laser is built, a series of circular micropore of different-diameters is carved with the laser output face of the laser, regulation
Laser makes it export laser；
2) CCD camera is set in laser outbound course, monitoring exports the hot spot pattern of laser, adjusts the transverse direction of described end face
Position, a certain circular micropore on described laser output face is set to be moved to laser beam center, until described CCD takes a picture
The hot spot pattern of annular is shown in machine, then caused laser beam is with specific exponent number LG0lThe vortex beams of pattern, wherein
L is nonzero integer, referred to as the exponent number of vortex beams；
3) the circular micropore of lateral attitude or switching with different-diameter for finely tuning circular micropore overlaps with laser beam, carries out
The regulation of vortex beams exponent number, when switching different circular micropores, if the hot spot figure of annular can not be seen in CCD camera
Sample, then need to adjust position of the gain media along laser transmission direction in laser, until showing annular in CCD camera again
Hot spot pattern；
4) input face of post Lens-Mode converter is placed in the receiving plane of described CCD camera, by LG0lThe vortex light of pattern
Beam is converted to HG0lThe Hermite-Gaussian Beams of pattern, to judge described vortex beams exponent number, if required vortex beams rank
Number, then terminate, otherwise return to step 3).
2. the method that intracavitary according to claim 1 directly produces exponent number adjustable cyclone light beam, it is characterised in that described
Laser includes pumping source (1), and the pumping light output direction along the pumping source (1) is the first convex lens (2), the second convex lens successively
Mirror (3), concave mirror (4), gain crystal (5) and output coupling mirror (6), it is convex by first from the pump light of pumping source (1) outgoing
Lens (2) and the second convex lens (3) enter described gain crystal (5)；Described concave mirror (4) and output coupling mirror (6) group
Into resonator, described gain crystal (5) is located between concave mirror (4) and output coupling mirror (6)；Described is carved with circular micropore
Laser end face be output coupling mirror (6).
3. the method that intracavitary according to claim 1 directly produces exponent number adjustable cyclone light beam, it is characterised in that described
A series of circular micropore of different-diameters of output coupling mirror (6) etches to be formed using pulse laser in lens surface.
4. the method that intracavitary according to claim 1 directly produces exponent number adjustable cyclone light beam, it is characterised in that described
The determination methods of vortex beams exponent number be by the light valve number of the hot spot pattern of Hermite-Gaussian Beams subtract 1 be corresponding LG0lPattern
Vortex beams exponent number.
5. the method that intracavitary according to claim 5 directly produces exponent number adjustable cyclone light beam, it is characterised in that described
Post Lens-Mode converter is made up of circle lens (16), the first post lens (17) and the second post lens (18) successively, and two posts are saturating
Mirror is identical, and the distance between the first post lens (17) and the second post lens (18) areF is the focal length of post lens, is entered
When row mode is changed, circle lens (16) center that focus on vortex beams between two post lens need to be utilized.
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| CN109031674A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-12-18 | 上海交通大学 | The intracavitary method for directly generating more vortex beams |
| CN112179506A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2021-01-05 | 深圳大学 | Mixed-order or fractional-order vortex beam mode identification device and method |
| CN112505914A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-16 | 武汉先河激光技术有限公司 | Vortex light beam generation system and method and phase modulation combination device |
| CN112928587A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-08 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Laser oscillator for generating light spots in any shapes |
| CN115236787A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-10-25 | 浙江师范大学 | Multi-spiral phase mask plate, multi-spiral beam generation method and optical modulator |
| CN108666867B (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2023-05-05 | 西安工业大学 | Laser for outputting hollow light beam and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN108666867B (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2023-05-05 | 西安工业大学 | Laser for outputting hollow light beam and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN109031674A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-12-18 | 上海交通大学 | The intracavitary method for directly generating more vortex beams |
| CN112179506A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2021-01-05 | 深圳大学 | Mixed-order or fractional-order vortex beam mode identification device and method |
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| CN112505914A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-16 | 武汉先河激光技术有限公司 | Vortex light beam generation system and method and phase modulation combination device |
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| CN112928587A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-08 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Laser oscillator for generating light spots in any shapes |
| CN112928587B (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2022-09-02 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Laser oscillator for generating light spot with any shape |
| CN115236787A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-10-25 | 浙江师范大学 | Multi-spiral phase mask plate, multi-spiral beam generation method and optical modulator |
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