CN107525757A - Layout planning nitrogen phosphorus leaching thing resistance control detecting system and application - Google Patents
Layout planning nitrogen phosphorus leaching thing resistance control detecting system and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107525757A CN107525757A CN201710915443.7A CN201710915443A CN107525757A CN 107525757 A CN107525757 A CN 107525757A CN 201710915443 A CN201710915443 A CN 201710915443A CN 107525757 A CN107525757 A CN 107525757A
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- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical compound [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- CKMXBZGNNVIXHC-UHFFFAOYSA-L ammonium magnesium phosphate hexahydrate Chemical compound [NH4+].O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O CKMXBZGNNVIXHC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 7
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000227653 Lycopersicon Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 iron ion Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000592344 Spermatophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035568 catharsis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005206 flow analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N2015/0866—Sorption
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention, which provides a kind of layout planning nitrogen phosphorus leaching thing resistance control detecting system and application, the detecting system, includes vegetable planting box, and the resistance control device case being nested in vegetable planting box.The vegetable planting box, top planting vegetable, the cavity of lower section is interior to be provided with one or more resistance control device casees.Multiple resistance control device casees are provided with barrier composite layer by the way of embedding layer by layer in each resistance control device case.Cavity bottom is provided with leaching liquor collecting pipe.Valve is installed on collecting pipe, collection leaching liquor is opened every a period of time and is detected, pump the leaching liquor in device per sub-sampling.Layout planning nitrogen phosphorus leaching thing of the present invention resistance control detecting system, in that context it may be convenient in same device, once test in complete the detection of control group and the nitrogen phosphorus leaching loss of test group.Experimental result is more accurate, reliable, and more convenient and quicker.Detecting system of the present invention can be also used for other detection fields related to soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of layout planning nitrogen phosphorus leaching thing to hinder control detecting system and application, belongs to agricultural non-point source pollution and prevents
The process that nitrogen and phosphorus loss is obstructed in control blocks Interception Technology field.
Background technology
The fast development of agricultural, vegetables demand is increasing, and China's furnished equipments area 2015 is close on 5750000 hectares,
Wherein layout planning accounts for 93% or so.In vegetables management system, vegetable grower is blindly excessive in order to improve the yield of vegetable crop
Apply fertilizer (especially nitrogenous fertilizer), the characteristics of facilities vegetable multiple crop index is high in addition, a large amount of administrations of nitrogenous fertilizer, cause soil profile nitre state
The excessive buildup of nitrogen, under heavy showers and flood irrigation conditions, Nitrogen Leaching is easily caused, bring great nitrogen dirty to underground water
Contaminate risk.
Therefore, study the leaching loss of nitrogen phosphorus nutrient and its control measure in vegetable field soil has to protection groundwater resources
Significance.It is to form plant buffer belt by planting plants hedge, green manure plant to study more process Interception Technology at present, is subtracted
Pass through the nitrogen phosphorus of the loss of surface runoff less.Leaching process Barrier Technology is less using the research in soil.Therefore, nitrogen phosphorus is studied
It is lost in barrier composite and structure layout planning nitrogen phosphorus leaching thing resistance control layer and carries out effect assessment, there is realistic meaning.
The method of detection is collected to leaching liquor in the prior art, or is buried using will directly elute liquor collecting device
Enter below soil, the method for field sampling, or using laboratory native fish device, progress simulated test.Above two
Method has the drawbacks of certain, although the former can obtain True Data in soil, elution liquor collecting device is using very
During inconvenience, it is necessary to place into the soil in advance, and need to extract without condition of negative pressure when gathering solution example.The latter is then laboratory bar
Part is simulated, and general device is smaller, and inconvenience carries out vegetable cultivation, is not enough to the truth for reflecting vegetable plot.
The content of the invention
Due at present there has been no nitrogen phosphorus leaching thing barrier composite layer is buried below soil, to reach reduction nitrogen and phosphorus loss
Purpose relevant report.And there is certain shortcoming, thus the applicant's problem in the device of existing detection soil eluviation liquid
Group have developed present system for the leaching loss design of research nitrogen phosphorus.
Present system is tested by the way that the processing of control is arranged in same device, both can be avoided conventional side
Control and processing are separated in method, so as to existing error between different device.And directly in device internal reference greenhouse method
Vegetable cultivation, fertilising, watering etc. are carried out, thus can reflect that barrier compound hinders the true of control to nitrogen phosphorus leaching loss completely
Effect.It is simultaneously again easy to use, it is easy to laboratory research to use.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a kind of layout planning nitrogen phosphorus leaching thing resistance control detecting system, including vegetable seed
Case is planted, and the first resistance control device case being nested in vegetable planting box.
The vegetable planting box, including casing, base, agric, the first stainless (steel) wire, the first glass fibre gauze,
First stainless (steel) wire is located at the middle and upper part in casing, and the first glass fibre gauze, institute are laid on first stainless (steel) wire
State agric online, the planting vegetable on plantation soil that is placed in the first glass fiber yarn.Agric thickness is at 40-60 centimetres.
The first resistance is provided with the first cavity that first stainless (steel) wire and base are formed and controls device case.First resistance control device
Case includes barrier composite layer, barrier composite layer is respectively provided with glass fibre gauze, i.e. the second glass fibre gauze, the 3rd up and down
Glass fibre gauze, the 3rd glass fiber yarn is off the net to set the second stainless (steel) wire.Second stainless (steel) wire and base form the second cavity.
The thickness for obstructing composite layer is 2-10 centimetres.
The side bottom of first cavity two is respectively provided with leaching liquor collecting pipe.The side bottom of second cavity two also is provided with leaching liquor collection
Pipe.Valve is installed on collecting pipe, collection leaching liquor is opened every a period of time and is detected.Per sub-sampling by the leaching liquor in device
Pump.
When carrying out the detection of nitrogen phosphorus leaching loss using system of the present invention, plantation soil is spread in vegetable planting box and is planted
Vegetables are planted, is applied fertilizer, watered according to facility plastic greenhouse identical way to manage, leaching liquor seepage from plantation soil is got off, one
Divide and flow directly into the first cavity, then by leaching liquor collecting pipe, collect the leaching liquor of acquisition, as compare；A part flows into
First resistance control device, after obstructing the absorption of compound, into the second cavity, from the leaching liquor collecting pipe of the second cavity bottom
It is treatment group to collect the leaching liquor obtained；Control group and treatment group are detected using same method, the two leaching of contrast
Nitrogen and phosphorus content in liquid, you can know whether barrier compound used possesses nitrogen phosphorus resistance control effect and resistance control degree to nitrogen phosphorus such as
What.
Using nitrogen phosphorus leaching thing of the present invention hinder control detecting system can easily in same device, once test in complete pair
According to the detection of group and the nitrogen phosphorus leaching loss of test group.Experimental result is more accurate, reliable and convenient and swift.
Further, in order to which more accurate, convenient research obstructs influence of the thickness of composite layer to nitrogen phosphorus leaching loss,
Layout planning nitrogen phosphorus leaching thing resistance control detecting system of the present invention, more than 2 resistance control device casees are set.Preferably, resistance control device case
Quantity be 2-5.The thickness of barrier composite layer is identical in each resistance control device case.
Exemplified by 4 resistance control device casees are set, layout planning N leaching thing resistance control detecting system of the present invention, including vegetable seed
Plant case, and the first resistance control device case, the second resistance control device case, the 3rd resistance control device case and the 4th resistance control in being nested in layer by layer
Device case；
The vegetable planting box, including casing, base, agric, the first stainless (steel) wire, the first stainless (steel) wire position
In laying the first glass fibre gauze on the middle and upper part in casing, first stainless (steel) wire, the agric is placed in first
Glass fiber yarn is online, planting vegetable on plantation soil；
The first resistance is provided with the first cavity that first stainless (steel) wire and base are formed and controls device case；First resistance control device
Case includes barrier composite layer, and barrier composite layer is respectively provided with glass fibre gauze, i.e. the second glass fibre gauze, the 3rd up and down
Glass fibre gauze, the 3rd glass fiber yarn is off the net to set the second stainless (steel) wire；
The second resistance is provided with the second cavity that second stainless (steel) wire and base are formed and controls device case；Second resistance control device
Case includes barrier composite layer, and barrier composite layer is respectively provided with glass fibre gauze, i.e. the 4th glass fibre gauze, the 5th up and down
Glass fibre gauze, the 5th glass fiber yarn is off the net to set the 3rd stainless (steel) wire；
The 3rd resistance is provided with the 3rd cavity that 3rd stainless (steel) wire and base are formed and controls device case；3rd resistance control device
Case includes barrier composite layer, and barrier composite layer is respectively provided with glass fibre gauze, i.e. the 6th glass fibre gauze, the 7th up and down
Glass fibre gauze, the 7th glass fiber yarn is off the net to set the 4th stainless (steel) wire；
The 4th resistance is provided with the 4th cavity that 4th stainless (steel) wire and base are formed and controls device case；4th resistance control device
Case includes barrier composite layer, and barrier composite layer is respectively provided with glass fibre gauze, i.e. the 8th glass fibre gauze, the 9th up and down
Glass fibre gauze, the 9th glass fiber yarn is off the net to set the 5th stainless (steel) wire；
The 5th cavity that 5th stainless (steel) wire and base are formed, first to the side bottom of the 5th cavity two is respectively provided with
Leaching liquor collecting pipe.
Valve is installed on collecting pipe, collection leaching liquor is opened every a period of time and is detected.Per sub-sampling by device
Leaching liquor pumps.
Glass fiber yarn network planning lattice used are 200-300 mesh in the present invention, and stainless (steel) wire is 5-20 mesh.
It is 2-10 centimetres that composite layer thickness is obstructed described in present system.The barrier filled in barrier composite layer
Compound, by weight, including following component：22~28 parts of powder of straw 20-30 parts, attapulgite, sodium pyrophosphate 15~20
Part, activate weathered coal 20-30 parts, 15~20 parts of edible fungi residue, 2~4 parts of iron powder, 12~18 parts of guanite, sucrose 1-2 parts.
It is described barrier compound preparation method be：
(1) preparation of weathered coal is activated：Weathered coal crushed 2mm sieves, by weathered coal, ammonium hydrogen carbonate and ammonium phosphate according to weight
Measure ratio 100:15:4 mixing, regulation humidity to water content 45%, are sealed at room temperature after well mixed, are placed 10~24h, that is, are obtained
Content of humic acid is 64.7% activation weathered coal；
(2) powder of straw, attapulgite, sodium pyrophosphate, activation weathered coal, edible fungi residue, iron are weighed by above-mentioned parts by weight
Powder, guanite, sucrose, stir, and produce.
By the detection of detecting system of the present invention, the barrier compound employed in the present invention has good nitrogen phosphorus resistance control
Effect.
Thus, the present invention also provides the nitrogen phosphorus resistance control in layout planning of the barrier compound and the barrier compound
In application.
Concrete application method is that the barrier compound is used in facility plastic greenhouse.Newly-built greenhouse facility vegetable plot needs visitor
The old canopy layout planning of soil.Barrier compound is laid in greenhouse facility vegetable plot designated depth position, compacting during use, on
Topsoil soils are covered, depth of the barrier compound in greenhouse facility vegetable plot is 40~60cm, and thickness is 4~8cm.
Present invention barrier compound is used as a kind of carbon source in itself, and a kind of anaerobic environment, powder of straw can be provided in soil lower floor
With good suction-operated, bacteria residue is as bio-carrier, enhancing denitrifying bacterium activity, passes through denitrification and iron powder
Nitrate transformation is NH by reduction4 +And N2, guanite adsorbs and fixed NH4 +To reduce the volatilization of ammonium nitrogen, attapulgite
With fixed NH4 +With the effect of phosphate radical, the iron ion after oxidation can be combined generation phosphate with the phosphate radical in barrier layer
Precipitation, fixed, retention phosphate anion, sodium pyrophosphate can be complexed other metal ions that bacteria residue etc. is brought into.Lead between each component
Synergy is crossed, reduces nitrogen and phosphorus loss jointly.Collective effect, carried containing abundant free state humic acid in weathered coal after activation
High N,P use efficiency.
Detecting system of the present invention is applicable not only to the detection of nitrogen phosphorus leaching loss, can be also used for detecting and is sought in other soil
The loss monitoring formed point；It can be used for heavy metal resistance control effect in heavy-metal contaminated soil, it is only necessary to change plantation soil into
Heavy-metal contaminated soil, the barrier composite layer replace with the composite layer for being exclusively used in heavy metal adsorption barrier.
The present invention has the advantages that：
(1) detecting system of the present invention will compare and processing is located at and carried out under same device, identical conditions.It can avoid often
It will be compareed in rule method and processing is separately carried out, so as to existing error between different device.The experiment that thus present invention obtains
Data are more accurate.
(2) detecting system of the present invention can simulate facilities vegetable plantation situation completely, reflect that nitrogen phosphorus obstructs in layout planning
Effect.Apparatus of the present invention directly can carry out vegetable cultivation, fertilising, watering etc. according to facility plastic greenhouse method, thus can be complete
Reflect that barrier compound hinders nitrogen phosphorus leaching loss the true effect of control.There is the characteristics of easy to use again simultaneously, be easy to reality
Room research is tested to use.
(3) detecting system of the present invention can carry out dynamic detection.Within vegetable cultivation growth period, it can carry out as needed
Timing sampling, the nitrogen and phosphorus loss situation in whole growth period can be detected.To be applied fertilizer stage by stage in vegetable cultivation process,
The reliable reference frame of the offers such as top dressing.
(4) barrier compound provided by the invention has extraordinary nitrogen phosphorus resistance control effect.It may be directly applied to facility dish
In ground, for carrying out nitrogen and phosphorus loss barrier.
(5) detecting system of the present invention is widely used, and can be not only used for detecting nitrogen and phosphorus loss.For example, it is also possible to for examining
The barriering effect of heavy metal in heavy-metal contaminated soil is surveyed, nitrogen phosphorus of the present invention resistance control compound is replaced with and is exclusively used in barrier weight
The composition of metal.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention applies vegetable plot N leaching thing resistance control detecting system, structural representation when resistance control device case is 1；
Fig. 2 is that the present invention applies vegetable plot N leaching thing resistance control detecting system, structural representation when resistance control device case is 4；
In figure：1 vegetable planting box, 2 first glass fibre gauzes, 3 first stainless (steel) wires, 4 first resistance control device casees, 42 the
Two glass fibre gauzes, 43 the 3rd glass fibre gauzes, 44 second stainless (steel) wires, 5 second resistance control device casees, 52 the 4th glass fibers
Dimension gauze, 53 the 5th glass fibre gauzes, 54 the 3rd stainless (steel) wires, 6 the 3rd resistance control device casees, 62 the 6th glass fibre gauzes,
63 the 7th glass fibre gauzes, 64 the 4th stainless (steel) wires, 7 the 4th resistance control device casees, 72 the 8th glass fibre gauzes, 73 the 9th glass
Glass fiber gauze, 74 the 5th stainless (steel) wires, 41,51,61,71 be to obstruct composite layer, 81 first cavitys, 82 second cavitys, 83
3rd cavity, 84 the 4th cavitys, 85 the 5th cavitys, 81a, 81b, 82a, 82b, 83a, 83b, 84a, 84b, 850 are that leaching liquor is received
Collector, 9 bases, 10 casings, 11 agrics, 12 vegetables.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
The part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill people
The every other embodiment that member is obtained on the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
It is to be appreciated that the specified description present invention that is for only for ease of in the direction such as described upper and lower, left and right retouches with simplified
State, rather than instruction or imply signified device or element there must be specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation,
Therefore it is not considered as limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, layout planning N leaching thing resistance control detecting system of the present invention, including vegetable planting box 1, and it is nested
The first resistance control device case 4 in vegetable planting box 1.
Vegetable planting box 1, including casing 10, base 9, agric 11, the first stainless (steel) wire 3, first stainless steel
Net 3 is located at the middle and upper part in casing, and the first glass fibre gauze 2, the agric 11 are laid on first stainless (steel) wire 3
It is placed on the first glass fibre gauze 2, planting vegetable 12 on plantation soil.Agric thickness is at 40-60 centimetres.
The first resistance, which is provided with, in the first cavity 81 that the stainless (steel) wire 3 and base 9 are formed controls device case 4.First resistance control dress
Put case 4 and glass fibre gauze, i.e. the second glass fiber yarn are respectively provided with about 41 including barrier composite layer 41, barrier composite layer
Net 42, the 3rd glass fibre gauze 43, the 3rd glass fibre gauze 43 divide into the second stainless (steel) wire 44.The He of second stainless (steel) wire 44
Base 9 forms the second cavity 82.
First 81 liang of cavity side bottom is provided with leaching liquor collecting pipe 81a and 81b.Second 82 liang of cavity side bottom is provided with leaching
Liquid collecting pipe 82a and 82b.Valve is installed on collecting pipe, collection leaching liquor is opened every a period of time and is detected.Will per sub-sampling
Leaching liquor in device pumps.
The glass fiber yarn network planning lattice are 200-300 mesh, and stainless (steel) wire is 5-20 mesh.The barrier composite layer 41 is thick
Spend for 4-8 centimetres.The barrier compound filled in the barrier composite layer 41, by weight, including following component：Stalk
25 parts of powder, 23 parts of attapulgite, 17 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, activate 28 parts of weathered coal, 16 parts of edible fungi residue, 3 parts of iron powder, guanite
15 parts, 2 parts of sucrose.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 2 layout planning N leaching thing resistance control detecting system, including vegetable planting box 1, and be nested in layer by layer
The first interior resistance control device case 4, second hinders control device case the 5, the 3rd and hinders the resistance control device case 7 of control device case 6 and the 4th.
Vegetable planting box 1, including casing 10, base 9, agric 11, the first stainless (steel) wire 3, first stainless steel
Net 3 is located at the middle and upper part in casing, and the first glass fibre gauze 2, the agric 11 are laid on first stainless (steel) wire 3
It is placed on the first glass fibre gauze 2, planting vegetable 12 on plantation soil.Agric thickness is at 40-60 centimetres.
The first resistance, which is provided with, in the first cavity 81 that first stainless (steel) wire 3 and base 9 are formed controls device case 4.First resistance
Control device case 4 includes barrier composite layer 41, barrier composite layer is respectively provided with glass fibre gauze, i.e. the second glass fibers about 41
Gauze 42, the 3rd glass fibre gauze 43 are tieed up, the 3rd glass fibre gauze 43 divides into the second stainless (steel) wire 44.
The second resistance, which is provided with, in the second cavity 82 that second stainless (steel) wire 44 and base 9 are formed controls device case 5.Second resistance
Control device case 5 includes barrier composite layer 51, barrier composite layer is respectively provided with glass fibre gauze, i.e. the 4th glass fibers about 51
Gauze 52, the 5th glass fibre gauze 53 are tieed up, the 5th glass fibre gauze 53 divides into the 3rd stainless (steel) wire 54.
The 3rd resistance, which is provided with, in the 3rd cavity 83 that 3rd stainless (steel) wire 54 and base 9 are formed controls device case 6.3rd resistance control dress
Put case 6 and glass fibre gauze, i.e. the 6th glass fiber yarn are respectively provided with about 61 including barrier composite layer 61, barrier composite layer
Net 62, the 7th glass fibre gauze 63, the 7th glass fibre gauze 63 divide into the 4th stainless (steel) wire 64.
The 4th resistance, which is provided with, in the 4th cavity 84 that 4th stainless (steel) wire 64 and base 9 are formed controls device case 7.4th resistance control dress
Put case 7 and glass fibre gauze, i.e. the 8th glass fiber yarn are respectively provided with about 71 including barrier composite layer 71, barrier composite layer
Net 72, the 9th glass fibre gauze 73, the 9th glass fibre gauze 73 divide into the 5th stainless (steel) wire 74.
The 5th cavity 85 that 5th stainless (steel) wire 74 and base 9 are formed.First to the 5th cavity bottom is equipped with leaching liquor
Collecting pipe, it is 81a and 81b, 82a and 82b, 83a and 83b, 84a and 84b, 850 respectively.Valve is installed, every one section on collecting pipe
Time opens collection leaching liquor and detected.The leaching liquor in device is pumped per sub-sampling.
The glass fiber yarn network planning lattice are 200-300 mesh, and stainless (steel) wire is 5-20 mesh.The barrier composite layer 41,
51st, 61,71 thickness are 2 centimetres.The barrier compound filled in the barrier composite layer, by weight, including such as the following group
Point 20 parts of powder of straw, 24 parts of attapulgite, 16 parts of sodium pyrophosphate activate 27 parts of weathered coal, 16 parts of edible fungi residue, 5 parts of iron powder,
17 parts of guanite, 2.5 parts of sucrose.
Embodiment 3
For the heavy metal resistance control effect monitoring system of heavy-metal contaminated soil detection, its structure is same as Example 2, institute
Unlike, the plantation soil is substituted for heavy-metal contaminated soil, and the barrier composite layer, which replaces with, is exclusively used in heavy metal suction
The composite layer of attached barrier.The detecting system can be monitored effectively, and heavy metal adsorption obstructs suction of the compound to heavy metal-polluted soil
Attached catharsis, the repairing effect that heavy-metal contaminated soil can also be reflected.
Embodiment 4
Using the layout planning N leaching thing resistance control experiment detecting system of the embodiment of the present invention 2, inserted in vegetable planting box 1
The conventional plantation soil of 60 cm thicks, tomato, Fertilization Level N 27kg/667m are planted above2、P2O512kg/667m2、K2O 36kg/
667m2。
First resistance control device case 4, second hinders control device case the 5, the 3rd and hindered in the resistance control device case 7 of control device case 6 and the 4th
Composite layer 41,51,61,71 is obstructed, the barrier compound of filling is using following formula：25 parts of powder of straw, 24 parts of attapulgite,
16 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, activate 25 parts of weathered coal, 16 parts of edible fungi residue, 5 parts of iron powder, 17 parts of guanite, 2.5 parts of sucrose；Each group
Divide after mixing, filling thickness is 2 centimetres.
During tomato planting, according to the management same with greenhouse facility tomato, measures of fertilizer.All standing is used during watering
Spray pattern is carried out, to ensure that the leaching degree that plantation soil is subject to is consistent.
Data processing：10d after each top dressing takes a sample, samples 3 times altogether, per sub-sampling by the leaching in device
Solution pumps, and determines nitrogen and phosphorus content in solution, the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in each cavity is contrasted.Determined with Continuous Flow Analysis instrument
Nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, total nitrogen.Data carry out statistical analysis with statistical analysis softwares such as Excel 2003, SPSS 13.0.Leaching loss
The calculation of total amount is as follows：
Wherein ωDeterminandFor material leaching loss total amount to be studied, kg hm-2；ρ be leacheate in content of material to be studied, mg L-1；ν is leacheate cumulative volume, L；S is to collect surface area, m2；T be the period to be studied number of days, d；10-6For mg is converted into
Kg coefficient；10-4For by m2It is converted into hm2Coefficient.
Concrete outcome is as shown in table 1 below：
Table 1 respectively obstructs composite layer and the control effect of nitrogen phosphorus leaching loss is contrasted
As a result show, employ following formula：25 parts of powder of straw, 24 parts of attapulgite, 16 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, activate weathering
25 parts of coal, 16 parts of edible fungi residue, 5 parts of iron powder, 17 parts of guanite, the nitrogen phosphorus barrier compound of 2.5 parts of sucrose can play very
Good nitrogen phosphorus resistance control effect.When setting one layer of barrier layer (thickness is 2 centimetre), the leaching liquor that is collected into (leaching i.e. in cavity 82
Liquid) in total nitrogen total phosphorus number of dropouts relatively compare (leaching liquor in cavity 81) reduce 16.2%, 17.6%, with the increasing of barrier layer
Add, the total nitrogen total phosphorus number of dropouts in leaching liquor gradually decreases.I.e. total nitrogen number of dropouts relatively compares difference in leaching liquor in cavity 83-85
35%, 51.3%, 68.6% is reduced, total phosphorus number of dropouts reduces 41.2%, 58.8%, 76.5% respectively, illustrates to use 2-8 centimetres
Thick barrier layer can play the effect of extraordinary nitrogen phosphorus resistance control, and barriering effect is directly proportional to the thickness for obstructing composite bed.
Experimental data of the present invention shows quickly and accurately show very much that soil eluviation liquid nitrogen phosphorus loses using detecting system of the present invention
Situation, and the resistance control effect of compound can be obstructed with effective detection, and the optimal thickness of compound is obstructed used by proving
Degree.It can be seen that once experiment can obtain large result, it is not available for conventional method.
The method and apparatus of the not detailed description of the present invention are prior art, are repeated no more.
Specific embodiment used herein is set forth to the principle and embodiment of the present invention, above example
Illustrate to be only intended to help the method and its core concept for understanding the present invention.It should be pointed out that the common skill for the art
For art personnel, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvement and modification can also be carried out to the present invention, these change
Enter and modify to also fall into the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of layout planning nitrogen phosphorus leaching thing resistance control detecting system, it is characterized in that, including vegetable planting box, and it is nested in vegetable
The first resistance control device case in dish cultivation box；The vegetable planting box, including casing, base, agric, the first stainless steel
Net, the first glass fibre gauze；First stainless (steel) wire is located at the middle and upper part in casing, is laid on first stainless (steel) wire
First glass fibre gauze, it is online that the agric is placed in the first glass fiber yarn, planting vegetable on plantation soil；
The first resistance is provided with the first cavity that first stainless (steel) wire and base are formed and controls device case；First resistance control device case and bag
Barrier composite layer is included, barrier composite layer is respectively provided with fiber gauze, i.e. the second glass fibre gauze, the 3rd glass fibre up and down
Gauze, the 3rd glass fiber yarn is off the net to set the second stainless (steel) wire；Second stainless (steel) wire and base form the second cavity；
First cavity and the side bottom of the second cavity two are equipped with leaching liquor collecting pipe.
2. layout planning nitrogen phosphorus leaching thing resistance control detecting system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the resistance control device case
Quantity is more than 2.
3. layout planning nitrogen phosphorus leaching thing resistance control detecting system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the resistance control device case
Quantity be 2-5；The thickness of barrier composite layer in each resistance control device case is identical.
4. layout planning N leaching thing resistance control detecting system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, including vegetable planting box,
And the first resistance control device case, the second resistance control device case, the 3rd resistance control device case and the 4th resistance control device in being nested in layer by layer
Case；
The vegetable planting box, including casing, base, agric, the first stainless (steel) wire, first stainless (steel) wire are located at case
Internal middle and upper part, the first glass fibre gauze is laid on first stainless (steel) wire, the agric is placed in the first glass
Silvalin is online, planting vegetable on plantation soil；
The first resistance is provided with the first cavity that first stainless (steel) wire and base are formed and controls device case；First resistance control device case and bag
Barrier composite layer is included, barrier composite layer is respectively provided with glass fibre gauze, i.e. the second glass fibre gauze, the 3rd glass up and down
Fiber gauze, the 3rd glass fiber yarn is off the net to set the second stainless (steel) wire；
The second resistance is provided with the second cavity that second stainless (steel) wire and base are formed and controls device case；Second resistance control device case and bag
Barrier composite layer is included, barrier composite layer is respectively provided with glass fibre gauze, i.e. the 4th glass fibre gauze, the 5th glass up and down
Fiber gauze, the 5th glass fiber yarn is off the net to set the 3rd stainless (steel) wire；
The 3rd resistance is provided with the 3rd cavity that 3rd stainless (steel) wire and base are formed and controls device case；3rd resistance control device case and bag
Barrier composite layer is included, barrier composite layer is respectively provided with glass fibre gauze, i.e. the 6th glass fibre gauze, the 7th glass up and down
Fiber gauze, the 7th glass fiber yarn is off the net to set the 4th stainless (steel) wire；
The 4th resistance is provided with the 4th cavity that 4th stainless (steel) wire and base are formed and controls device case；4th resistance control device case and bag
Barrier composite layer is included, barrier composite layer is respectively provided with glass fibre gauze, i.e. the 8th glass fibre gauze, the 9th glass up and down
Fiber gauze, the 9th glass fiber yarn is off the net to set the 5th stainless (steel) wire；
The 5th cavity that 5th stainless (steel) wire and base are formed, the first to the 5th cavity bottom are respectively provided with leaching liquor and received
Collector.
5. the layout planning nitrogen phosphorus leaching thing resistance control detecting system as described in claim 1-4 is any, it is characterized in that, the farming
The thickness of the layer is 40-60 centimetres；The thickness of the barrier composite layer is 2-10 centimetres.
6. the layout planning nitrogen phosphorus leaching thing resistance control detecting system as described in claim 1-4 is any, it is characterized in that, the glass
Silvalin network planning lattice are 200-300 mesh, and stainless (steel) wire is 5-20 mesh.
7. the layout planning nitrogen phosphorus leaching thing resistance control detecting system as described in claim 1-4 is any, it is characterized in that, the barrier
The barrier compound of composite layer filling, by weight, including following component：Powder of straw 20-30 parts, attapulgite 22~28
Part, 15~20 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, activate weathered coal 20-30 parts, 15~20 parts of edible fungi residue, 2~4 parts of iron powder, guanite 12
~18 parts, sucrose 1-2 parts.
8. layout planning nitrogen phosphorus leaching thing resistance control detecting system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, entered using the system
When row nitrogen phosphorus leaching loss detects, plantation soil and planting vegetable are spread in vegetable planting box, according to facility plastic greenhouse identical pipe
Reason mode is applied fertilizer, watered, and leaching liquor seepage from agric is got off, and a part flows directly into the first cavity, Ran Houtong
Leaching liquor collecting pipe is crossed, the leaching liquor of acquisition is collected, as compares；A part flows into the first resistance control device, compound by obstructing
After the absorption of thing, into the second cavity, it is to handle that the leaching liquor obtained is collected from the leaching liquor collecting pipe of the second cavity bottom
Group；Control group and treatment group are detected using same method, the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the two leaching liquor of contrast, you can know institute
How whether possess nitrogen phosphorus resistance control effect and resistance control degree to nitrogen phosphorus with barrier compound.
9. the layout planning nitrogen phosphorus leaching thing resistance control detecting system as described in claim 1-4 is any, it is characterized in that, in detection soil
Application in terms of earth nutrient loss.
10. the layout planning nitrogen phosphorus leaching thing resistance control detecting system as described in claim 1-4 is any, it is characterized in that, detecting
Application in heavy-metal contaminated soil in terms of heavy metal resistance control effect.
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