CN107515187A - A rapid method for detecting morphological characteristics of vessel cells in lignocellulosic materials - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于木质纤维材料显微结构检测技术领域,特别是关于一种快速检测木质纤维材料组成细胞导管细胞形态特征的方法。该方法可以利用图像分析方法快速自动获取木质纤维材料显微图像中导管细胞的形态特征参数。The invention belongs to the technical field of microstructure detection of lignocellulosic materials, in particular to a method for rapidly detecting the morphological characteristics of cells composed of lignocellulosic materials. The method can quickly and automatically obtain the morphological characteristic parameters of the vessel cells in the microscopic image of the lignocellulosic material by using the image analysis method.
背景技术Background technique
木质纤维材料是可再生的绿色建筑以及木制品原材料,同时也是生物质能源物质的重要原材料。木质纤维材料主要包括木材、竹材以及棕榈藤材。在利用过程中木质纤维材料主要利用的是树皮以内的木质部部分。木质纤维材料木质部由纤维或管胞、导管细胞、薄壁细胞以及木射线等多种类型细胞组成,其中纤维或管胞在木质部主要起机械支撑作用,而除针叶材的管胞具有导管细胞的功能外,其它木质纤维材料木质部中均具有导管细胞,导管细胞在林木的生长过程中具有重要的输导水分功能,也是林木微观构造中重要的解剖因子。Lignocellulosic materials are renewable green building and wood product raw materials, and are also important raw materials for biomass energy materials. Lignocellulosic materials mainly include wood, bamboo and palm rattan. In the process of utilization, the lignocellulosic material mainly utilizes the xylem part inside the bark. The xylem of lignocellulosic materials is composed of fibers or tracheids, vessel cells, parenchyma cells, and xylem rays, among which the fibers or tracheids mainly play a role in mechanical support in the xylem, while the tracheids of coniferous wood have vessel cells In addition to the function of xylem, other lignocellulosic materials have vessel cells in the xylem. Vessel cells have an important function of transporting water during the growth of forest trees, and are also important anatomical factors in the microstructure of forest trees.
木质纤维材料木质部由于由各种不同类型的细胞排列,其不但形成了各种不同的木材纹理,而且其不同的显微结构和其解剖因子特性也决定了木质纤维材料的物理力学性能,最终决定了木质纤维材料的用途。可见不同木质纤维材料显微结构特征是识别木材以及了解其材质特性的根本,因此在木质纤维材料显微结构特征这方面的研究自从显微镜发明以来一直得到了不断地开展。导管细胞为木质纤维材料显微结构中重要的解剖因子,准确检测导管细胞的形态特征及其在显微结构中所占的比量显得尤为重要。Because the xylem of lignocellulosic materials is arranged by various types of cells, it not only forms various wood textures, but also its different microstructures and anatomical factor characteristics also determine the physical and mechanical properties of lignocellulosic materials, which ultimately determine The use of lignocellulosic materials. It can be seen that the microstructural characteristics of different lignocellulosic materials are the basis for identifying wood and understanding its material properties. Therefore, research on the microstructural characteristics of lignocellulosic materials has been continuously carried out since the invention of the microscope. Vessel cells are important anatomical factors in the microstructure of lignocellulosic materials, and it is particularly important to accurately detect the morphological characteristics of vessel cells and their proportion in the microstructure.
目前关于木质纤维材料纤维和导管细胞的形态特征测量方法可分为两类,一类方法为化学离析或物理剥离法,此方法是将木质部的组成细胞离析或剥离出来,挑选形态完整细胞进行其纵向长度和横向宽度的测量,测量重点主要是纤维特性,特别适用于纸浆材纤维特性的评价;另一类方法是原位测量法,是目前原位测量木质纤维材料纤维和导管细胞的壁厚和腔径等形态特征的主要方法。原位测量法首先将材料制成切片或获得表面清晰结构直接拍照获得显微图像,然后在显微镜下应用显微镜自带图像分析软件采用线型测量方法,即将位于导管细胞中心同侧的内壁轮廓线上一点和外壁轮廓线上一点之间的直线距离作为导管细胞壁厚、将位于导管细胞中心两侧的内壁轮廓线上两点间的直线距离作为导管细胞腔径。此方法只能将纤维和导管细胞细胞逐个进行测量,而且由于导管细胞的形态不是标准的圆形,获得导管细胞腔径值后也无法准确地获得导管细胞面积值以及整个显微图像中导管细胞所占的面积比量。At present, the measurement methods for the morphological characteristics of lignocellulosic fibers and vessel cells can be divided into two categories. One method is chemical isolation or physical stripping. This method is to isolate or strip the constituent cells of xylem, and select cells with complete morphology for other The measurement of longitudinal length and transverse width mainly focuses on fiber characteristics, which is especially suitable for the evaluation of pulp wood fiber characteristics; another method is in-situ measurement method, which is currently used to measure the wall thickness of lignocellulosic material fibers and vessel cells in situ The main method of morphological characteristics such as cavity diameter and so on. The in situ measurement method first slices the material or obtains a clear structure on the surface and directly takes pictures to obtain a microscopic image, and then uses the microscope’s own image analysis software to use the line measurement method under the microscope, that is, the contour line of the inner wall located on the same side as the center of the ductal cell The straight-line distance between the previous point and a point on the contour line of the outer wall was taken as the wall thickness of the ductal cell, and the straight-line distance between two points on the contour line of the inner wall located on both sides of the center of the ductal cell was taken as the lumen diameter of the ductal cell. This method can only measure fibers and ductal cells one by one, and because the shape of ductal cells is not a standard round shape, it is impossible to accurately obtain the area value of ductal cells and ductal cells in the entire microscopic image after obtaining the lumen diameter of ductal cells. The proportion of area occupied.
Image J是一种功能强大的可以免费下载使用的图像分析程序。目前在生物学领域已广泛应用于细胞计数、定量分析荧光强度、血管分析以及单个不规则物体的面积测定等方面。导管细胞由于被纤维细胞以及薄壁细胞等各类型细胞包围,不同于普通的单个离散的细胞,因此现有的应用Image J的细胞计数等方法无法准确获取木质纤维材料显微构造中导管细胞形态特征参数。Image J is a powerful image analysis program that can be downloaded and used for free. At present, in the field of biology, it has been widely used in cell counting, quantitative analysis of fluorescence intensity, blood vessel analysis, and area determination of single irregular objects. Because duct cells are surrounded by various types of cells such as fibroblasts and parenchyma cells, they are different from ordinary single discrete cells. Therefore, existing methods such as cell counting using Image J cannot accurately obtain the morphology of duct cells in the microstructure of lignocellulosic materials. Characteristic Parameters.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的主要目的在于为克服已有技术的不足之处,提供一种快速全面检测木质纤维材料中导管细胞形态特征的方法。此种方法可以快速全面提取木质纤维材料组成中输导组织细胞导管形态特征的图像,同时可以获取其个数、面积、圆度以及在木质纤维材料组成细胞中其所占的面积比例等形态特征。The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for quickly and comprehensively detecting the morphological characteristics of vessel cells in lignocellulosic materials in order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art. This method can quickly and comprehensively extract the image of the morphological characteristics of the duct cells in the composition of lignocellulosic materials, and at the same time obtain morphological characteristics such as their number, area, roundness, and the proportion of their area in the cells composed of lignocellulosic materials. .
本发明采用如下技术方案:The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
一种快速检测木质纤维材料中导管细胞形态特征的方法,其特征在于,该方法首先是为获取显微图像,对木质纤维材料进行样品前期制备;将制备好的样品通过光学显微镜获取能分辨出各木质纤维材料各组成细胞的显微图像;对获取的显微图像进行图像像素和实际尺寸比例关系确定及处理,为保证显微图像中导管细胞形态特征的可读性和识别和检测的准确性;设定处理后的显微图像导管细胞形态特征检测的参数;进行导管细胞形态特征检测,最终获得满足设定参数要求的木质纤维材料中导管细胞图像以及导管细胞形态特征数据。A method for rapidly detecting morphological characteristics of vessel cells in lignocellulosic materials, characterized in that the method firstly prepares samples of lignocellulosic materials in order to obtain microscopic images; the prepared samples can be distinguished through optical microscopy The microscopic images of the cells of each lignocellulosic material; the obtained microscopic images are determined and processed in terms of the ratio between the image pixels and the actual size, in order to ensure the readability of the morphological characteristics of the ductal cells in the microscopic images and the accuracy of identification and detection properties; set the parameters for the detection of ductal cell morphological characteristics of the processed microscopic image; perform the detection of ductal cell morphological characteristics, and finally obtain the ductal cell image and ductal cell morphological characteristic data in the lignocellulosic material that meet the requirements of the set parameters.
该方法具体包括以下步骤:The method specifically includes the following steps:
1)为获取显微图像,对木质纤维材料进行样品前期制备:1) In order to obtain microscopic images, pre-sample preparation of lignocellulosic materials:
依据木质纤维材料种类及形状,切分成利于获得显微图像的块状形态材料,该块状材料作为样品用于其显微图像获取;According to the type and shape of the lignocellulosic material, it is divided into block-shaped materials that are conducive to obtaining microscopic images, and the block-shaped materials are used as samples for the acquisition of their microscopic images;
2)将制备好的样品通过光学显微镜获取能分辨出各木质纤维材料样品各组成细胞的显微图像:2) Obtain a microscopic image capable of distinguishing each constituent cell of each lignocellulosic material sample through an optical microscope with the prepared sample:
将步骤1)制备好的样品切取厚度为10-30μm的切片;然后用生物剂染料对切片进行染色,以保证能区分出组成木质纤维材料的不同类型的各组织细胞,染色时间依据在光学显微镜下观察到的各组织细胞的轮廓清晰所需的时长而定;然后通过梯度酒精使得切片中的各组织细胞脱水,并采用二甲苯使脱水后的各组织细胞变为透明,用封片剂对各组织细胞变为透明后的切片进行封片处理;封片处理后的切片在光学显微镜下观察拍照,获取木质纤维材料样品的显微图像,对于各类型木质纤维材料样品,保存各样品可以区分出该样品中导管细胞的显微图像;The sample prepared in step 1) is cut into slices with a thickness of 10-30 μm; then the slices are stained with biological agent dyes to ensure that different types of tissue cells that make up the lignocellulosic material can be distinguished, and the staining time is based on optical microscopy. It depends on the time required for the outline of each tissue cell observed below to be clear; then the tissue cells in the section are dehydrated by graded alcohol, and xylene is used to make the dehydrated tissue cells become transparent, and the mounting medium is used for the dehydration. The sections after each tissue cell became transparent were sealed; the sections after sealing were observed and photographed under an optical microscope to obtain microscopic images of lignocellulosic material samples. For various types of lignocellulosic material samples, preservation of each sample can distinguish A microscopic image of the ductal cells in the sample;
3)对获取的显微图像进行图像像素和实际尺寸比例关系确定及图像处理,以保证显微图像中导管细胞形态特征的可读性及识别和检测的准确性,具体包括:3) Determine the proportional relationship between image pixels and actual size and image processing on the acquired microscopic image to ensure the readability of the morphological features of the ductal cells in the microscopic image and the accuracy of identification and detection, specifically including:
3.1)确定图像像素和实际尺寸相关关系比例:将经步骤2)获得的显微图像上的比例尺的实际长度与该比例尺的像素相对应,即可确定图像像素和实际尺寸间的比例关系,用于确保在检测导管细胞形态特征时得到的是导管的实际尺寸;3.1) Determining the correlation ratio between the image pixel and the actual size: the actual length of the scale bar on the microscopic image obtained through step 2) corresponds to the pixel of the scale bar, so that the proportional relationship between the image pixel and the actual size can be determined, using To ensure that the actual size of the duct is obtained when detecting the morphological characteristics of duct cells;
3.2)对比度增强处理:通过调整经步骤3.1)确定图像像素和实际尺寸相关关系比例的木质纤维材料样品的显微图像的图像饱和像素值,增强该显微图像中导管细胞和纤维细胞及其他类型细胞的对比度,有助于导管细胞形态特征的识别;3.2) Contrast enhancement processing: by adjusting the image saturation pixel value of the microscopic image of the lignocellulosic material sample whose image pixel and actual size correlation ratio is determined in step 3.1), the ductal cells, fiber cells and other types in the microscopic image are enhanced The contrast of cells helps to identify the morphological characteristics of ductal cells;
3.3)图像类型转换处理:将经步骤3.2)对比度增强处理后的图像转换成二进制灰度图像,即只有黑白两种色彩区分的图像;3.3) Image type conversion processing: the image after step 3.2) contrast enhancement processing is converted into a binary grayscale image, that is, an image that only has two colors of black and white to distinguish;
3.4)导管细胞标记处理:将步骤3.3)得到的二进制灰度图像通过选取阈值对二进制灰度图像中导管细胞进行标记,不同阈值的二进制灰度图像中的木质纤维材料各组织细胞表现出的色彩不同,当只有导管细胞的腔和壁色彩全部为指定颜色时即设定为最佳阈值,通过该最佳阈值获取的显微图像即已将该图像中的导管细胞进行了标记处理,此标记便于对导管细胞随后的检测;3.4) Vessel cell marking processing: the binary grayscale image obtained in step 3.3) is used to mark the vessel cells in the binary grayscale image by selecting a threshold, and the color of each tissue cell of the lignocellulosic material in the binary grayscale image of different thresholds Different, when only the lumen and wall colors of the duct cells are all the specified colors, the optimal threshold is set, and the microscopic image acquired through the optimal threshold has marked the duct cells in the image. Facilitate subsequent detection of ductal cells;
4)设定处理后的显微图像导管细胞形态特征检测参数,具体包括:4) Set the detection parameters for the morphological characteristics of the ductal cells in the processed microscopic image, specifically including:
4.1)导管细胞面积参数设定:选择经步骤3)处理后的显微图像中较大导管细胞和较小导管细胞,分别测量其直径,并计算纤维图像中较大导管细胞的面积S’max和较小导管细胞的面积S’min;设定的导管细胞面积下限值Smin<S’min,设定的导管细胞面积上限值Smax>S’max,且二者取整数;则设定的待检测导管细胞面积S满足:Smin≤S≤Smax;4.1) Parameter setting of ductal cell area: select the larger ductal cells and smaller ductal cells in the microscopic image processed in step 3), measure their diameters respectively, and calculate the area S'max of the larger ductal cells in the fiber image and the area of smaller ductal cells S'min; the set lower limit of ductal cell area S min <S' min , the set upper limit of ductal cell area S max >S' max , and the two take an integer; then The set area S of ductal cells to be detected satisfies: S min ≤ S ≤ S max ;
4.2)导管细胞圆度参数设定:依据经步骤3)处理后的显微图像中待检测的导管细胞的圆度设定待检测出的导管细胞圆度参数c,0<c≤1,其中,1表示规则的圆形;4.2) Setting of ductal cell roundness parameters: setting the ductal cell roundness parameter c to be detected according to the roundness of the ductal cell to be detected in the microscopic image processed in step 3), 0<c≤1, wherein , 1 means a regular circle;
5)导管细胞形态特征检测:依据步骤4)设定的导管细胞形态特征检测参数后,获得满足检测参数要求的导管细胞图像以及导管细胞形态特征数据;所述导管细胞形态特征数据包括:导管细胞形态数据总体信息,单个导管细胞编号及对应的面积大小和圆度形态信息,最终完成木质纤维材料导管细胞形态特征检测。5) Detection of ductal cell morphological characteristics: after the ductal cell morphological characteristic detection parameters set in step 4), the ductal cell image and ductal cell morphological characteristic data meeting the detection parameter requirements are obtained; the ductal cell morphological characteristic data include: ductal cell The overall information of the morphological data, the number of a single vessel cell and the corresponding area size and roundness morphological information, and finally complete the detection of the morphological characteristics of the vessel cell of the lignocellulosic material.
本发明的特点及有益效果:Features and beneficial effects of the present invention:
本发明提供了一种快速检测木质纤维材料中导管细胞形态特征的方法,此种方法可以快速提取木质纤维材料组成中输导组织细胞导管细胞形态的图像,同时可以快速、自动和准确分析单张或多张木质纤维材料显微图片导管细胞形态信息,获取其个数、面积、圆度等形态特征以及导管细胞在木质材料组成细胞中其所占的面积比例。填补了当前传统的测试方法无法自动获取木质纤维材料导管细胞个数、面积及圆度等形态特征这一空白。本发明方法对于转基因林木及定向培育林木进行快速大量筛选具有重要的实际应用意义。The present invention provides a method for quickly detecting the morphological characteristics of vessel cells in lignocellulosic materials. This method can quickly extract images of vessel cell morphology in the composition of lignocellulosic materials, and at the same time can quickly, automatically and accurately analyze leaflets. Or multiple micrographs of lignocellulosic materials for vessel cell morphological information, to obtain its number, area, roundness and other morphological characteristics, as well as the area ratio of vessel cells in the cells composed of woody materials. It fills the gap that the current traditional testing method cannot automatically obtain the morphological characteristics such as the number, area and roundness of lignocellulosic vessel cells. The method of the invention has important practical application significance for the rapid mass screening of transgenic forest trees and directional cultivated forest trees.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的流程框图。Fig. 1 is a flowchart of the present invention.
图2是本发明实施例提供的三种木质纤维材料横切面显微构造的二进制灰度图;图2(a)为杨木,图2(b)为毛竹材,图2(c)为黄藤材。Fig. 2 is the binary grayscale figure of three kinds of lignocellulosic material cross-section microstructures that the embodiment of the present invention provides; Fig. 2 (a) is poplar, Fig. 2 (b) is moso bamboo, and Fig. 2 (c) is yellow Rattan.
图3为与图2所对应的三种木质纤维材料显微构造的导管细胞标记图。Fig. 3 is a diagram of vessel cell labeling in the microstructure of three kinds of lignocellulosic materials corresponding to Fig. 2 .
图4为与图3所对应三种木质纤维材料中导管细胞检测提取图。Fig. 4 is a diagram of detection and extraction of vessel cells in three kinds of lignocellulosic materials corresponding to Fig. 3 .
具体实施方式detailed description
下面通过具体实施例及附图进一步详细说明本发明的快速检测木质纤维材料中导管细胞形态特征方法的内容及特点和应用中所具有的技术效果,但本发明并不因此而受到任何限制。The content, characteristics and technical effects of the method for rapidly detecting vessel cell morphology in lignocellulosic materials and the technical effects in application will be further described in detail below through specific examples and accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereby.
本发明提供了一种快速检测木质纤维材料中导管细胞形态特征的方法,该方法首先是为获取显微图像,对木质纤维材料进行样品前期制备;将制备好的样品通过光学显微镜获取能分辨出各木质纤维材料各组成细胞的显微图像;对获取的显微图像进行图像像素和实际尺寸比例关系确定及处理,为保证显微图像中导管细胞形态特征的可读性和识别和检测的准确性;设定处理后的显微图像导管细胞形态特征检测的参数;进行导管细胞形态特征检测,最终获得满足设定参数要求的木质纤维材料中导管细胞图像以及导管细胞形态特征数据。The invention provides a method for rapidly detecting the morphological characteristics of vessel cells in lignocellulosic materials. The method firstly prepares samples of lignocellulosic materials in the early stage in order to obtain microscopic images; The microscopic images of the cells of each lignocellulosic material; the obtained microscopic images are determined and processed in terms of the ratio between the image pixels and the actual size, in order to ensure the readability of the morphological characteristics of the ductal cells in the microscopic images and the accuracy of identification and detection properties; set the parameters for the detection of ductal cell morphological characteristics of the processed microscopic image; perform the detection of ductal cell morphological characteristics, and finally obtain the ductal cell image and ductal cell morphological characteristic data in the lignocellulosic material that meet the requirements of the set parameters.
本发明方法的流程图参见图1,具体包括以下步骤:The flowchart of the inventive method is referring to Fig. 1, specifically comprises the following steps:
1)为获取显微图像,对木质纤维材料进行样品前期制备:1) In order to obtain microscopic images, pre-sample preparation of lignocellulosic materials:
依据木质纤维材料(通常包括木材、竹材以及藤材)种类及形状,切分成利于获得显微图像的块状形态材料(例如将木质纤维材料切分成横截面积小于或等于10mm2、纵向长度为15mm的柱体材料),该块状材料作为样品用于其显微图像获取。According to the type and shape of lignocellulosic materials (usually including wood, bamboo and rattan), cut them into block-shaped materials that are conducive to obtaining microscopic images (for example, cutting lignocellulosic materials into cross-sectional areas less than or equal to 10mm 2 and longitudinal lengths of 15mm cylinder material), the bulk material is used as a sample for its microscopic image acquisition.
2)将制备好的样品通过光学显微镜获取能分辨出各木质纤维材料样品各组成细胞的显微图像:2) Obtain a microscopic image capable of distinguishing each constituent cell of each lignocellulosic material sample through an optical microscope with the prepared sample:
将步骤1)制备好的样品切取厚度为10-30μm的切片;然后用生物剂染料(例如采用番红、固绿或甲苯胺兰)对切片进行染色,以保证能区分出组成木质纤维材料的不同类型的各组织细胞,染色时间依据在光学显微镜下观察到的各组织细胞的轮廓清晰所需的时长而定;然后通过梯度酒精使得切片中的各组织细胞脱水,并采用二甲苯使脱水后的各组织细胞变为透明,用封片剂对各组织细胞变为透明后的切片进行封片处理;封片处理后的切片在光学显微镜下观察拍照,获取木质纤维材料样品的显微图像,对于各类型木质纤维材料样品,保存各样品可以区分出该样品中导管细胞的显微图像。但本发明获取显微图像的方法并不因此而受到任何限制。The sample prepared in step 1) is cut into slices with a thickness of 10-30 μm; then the slices are stained with biological agent dyes (for example, using safranin, fast green or toluidine blue), so as to ensure that the components of the lignocellulosic material can be distinguished. For different types of tissue cells, the staining time depends on the time required for the outline of each tissue cell to be observed under an optical microscope; then the tissue cells in the section are dehydrated by gradient alcohol, and xylene is used to dehydrate Each tissue cell becomes transparent, and the section after each tissue cell becomes transparent is sealed with a mounting agent; the section after the sealing treatment is observed and photographed under an optical microscope, and a microscopic image of the lignocellulosic material sample is obtained. For each type of lignocellulosic material sample, saving each sample allows the microscopic images of the vessel cells in that sample to be distinguished. However, the method of the present invention for obtaining microscopic images is not limited thereby.
3)对获取的显微图像进行图像像素和实际尺寸比例关系确定及图像处理,以保证显微图像中导管细胞形态特征的可读性及识别和检测的准确性,具体包括:3) Determine the proportional relationship between image pixels and actual size and image processing on the acquired microscopic image to ensure the readability of the morphological features of the ductal cells in the microscopic image and the accuracy of identification and detection, specifically including:
3.1)确定图像像素和实际尺寸相关关系比例:将经步骤2)获得的显微图像上的比例尺的实际长度与该比例尺的像素相对应,即可确定图像像素和实际尺寸间的比例关系,用于确保在检测导管细胞形态特征时得到的是导管的实际尺寸(例如通过IMAGE J图像分析程序中比例尺设定时输入显微图像上比例尺实际长度,同时将长度单位设定为“μm”,检测时获得的导管细胞形态数据就会以“μm”为单位);3.1) Determining the correlation ratio between the image pixel and the actual size: the actual length of the scale bar on the microscopic image obtained through step 2) corresponds to the pixel of the scale bar, so that the proportional relationship between the image pixel and the actual size can be determined, using In order to ensure that the actual size of the catheter is obtained when detecting the morphological characteristics of the duct cells (for example, input the actual length of the scale bar on the microscopic image when setting the scale bar in the IMAGE J image analysis program, and set the length unit to "μm" at the same time, and detect The morphological data of the ductal cells obtained at the time will be in "μm");
3.2)对比度增强处理:通过调整经步骤3.1)确定图像像素和实际尺寸相关关系比例的木质纤维材料样品的显微图像的图像饱和像素值,增强该显微图像中导管细胞和纤维细胞及其他类型细胞的对比度,有助于导管细胞形态特征的识别(例如通过IMAGE J图像分析程序进行对比度增强处理,选取的图像饱和像素值范围为0.2-0.8,处理后可获得导管细胞和其它类型细胞对比明显的图像);3.2) Contrast enhancement processing: by adjusting the image saturation pixel value of the microscopic image of the lignocellulosic material sample whose image pixel and actual size correlation ratio is determined in step 3.1), the ductal cells, fiber cells and other types in the microscopic image are enhanced The contrast of the cells is helpful for the identification of the morphological characteristics of the ductal cells (for example, the contrast enhancement process is performed through the IMAGE J image analysis program, and the saturation pixel value range of the selected image is 0.2-0.8, and the contrast between ductal cells and other types of cells can be obtained after processing. Image);
3.3)图像类型转换处理:将经步骤3.2)对比度增强处理后的图像转换成二进制灰度图像,即只有黑白两种色彩区分的图像(如通过IMAGE J图像分析程序选择图像类型为8-bit类型);3.3) Image type conversion processing: convert the image after step 3.2) contrast enhancement processing into a binary grayscale image, that is, an image that only has two colors of black and white to distinguish (such as selecting the image type as 8-bit type by IMAGE J image analysis program );
3.4)导管细胞标记处理:将步骤3.3)得到的二进制灰度图像通过选取阈值对二进制灰度图像中导管细胞进行标记,不同阈值的二进制灰度图像中的木质纤维材料各组织细胞表现出的色彩不同,当只有导管细胞的腔和壁色彩全部为指定颜色时即设定为最佳阈值,通过该最佳阈值获取的显微图像即已将该图像中的导管细胞进行了标记处理,此标记便于对导管细胞随后的检测(例如通过IMAGE J图像分析程序,灰度图像最佳阈值在50-255范围中选取,最佳阈值时,导管细胞的腔和壁色彩全部为红色);3.4) Vessel cell marking processing: the binary grayscale image obtained in step 3.3) is used to mark the vessel cells in the binary grayscale image by selecting a threshold, and the color of each tissue cell of the lignocellulosic material in the binary grayscale image of different thresholds Different, when only the lumen and wall colors of the duct cells are all the specified colors, the optimal threshold is set, and the microscopic image acquired through the optimal threshold has marked the duct cells in the image. Facilitate the subsequent detection of ductal cells (for example, through the IMAGE J image analysis program, the optimal threshold value of the grayscale image is selected in the range of 50-255, when the optimal threshold value, the color of the cavity and wall of ductal cells is all red);
4)设定处理后的显微图像导管细胞形态特征检测参数,具体包括:4) Set the detection parameters for the morphological characteristics of the ductal cells in the processed microscopic image, specifically including:
进行木质纤维材料样品横切面显微图像导管形态特征检测前需要设定待检测导管细胞形态特征参数,分为导管面积参数设定和圆度参数设定:Before performing the detection of the morphological characteristics of the vessel in the microscopic image of the cross-section of the lignocellulosic material sample, it is necessary to set the morphological characteristic parameters of the vessel cells to be detected, which are divided into the parameter setting of the vessel area and the setting of the roundness parameter:
4.1)导管细胞面积参数设定:选择经步骤3)处理后的显微图像中较大导管细胞和较小导管细胞并分别测量其直径d(由于图像像素和实际尺寸相关关系比例已知,过圆心在导管细胞两侧内壁拉一直线,即可获得其直径实际大小)。假定导管细胞为规则的圆形,依据公式π×(d/2)2大致计算显微图像中较大导管细胞面积S’max和较小导管细胞面积S’min,初步确定导管细胞面积范围数值[S’min,S’max],为了不遗漏最小导管细胞和最大导管细胞,通常设定的导管细胞面积下限值Smin<S’min,设定的导管细胞面积上限值Smax>S’max,通常二者取整数;则设定的待检测导管细胞面积S满足:Smin≤S≤Smax,且S通常为整数;4.1) Parameter setting of ductal cell area: select larger ductal cells and smaller ductal cells in the microscopic image processed in step 3) and measure their diameters d (since the correlation ratio between image pixels and actual size is known, over The center of the circle draws a straight line on the inner walls of both sides of the ductal cells to obtain the actual size of its diameter). Assuming that the ductal cells are in a regular circle, roughly calculate the area of the larger ductal cells S' max and the area of the smaller ductal cells S' min in the microscopic image according to the formula π×(d/2) 2 , and preliminarily determine the range of the ductal cell area [S' min , S' max ], in order not to miss the smallest ductal cell and the largest ductal cell, the lower limit of the ductal cell area is usually set S min <S' min , and the upper limit of the ductal cell area is set S max >S' max , usually the two take an integer; then the set ductal cell area S to be detected satisfies: S min ≤ S ≤ S max , and S is usually an integer;
4.2)导管细胞圆度参数设定:依据经步骤3)处理后的显微图像中待检测的导管细胞的圆度(circularity)设定待检测出的导管细胞圆度参数c,0<c≤1,其中,1表示规则的圆形(如利用IMAGE J图像分析程序,在0-1之间圆度范围中设定合适的导管细胞圆度范围以c,0<c≤1,如选定1,可以检测到导管细胞为标准圆形;IMAGE J图像分析程序依据4π×[导管细胞面积]/[导管细胞周长]2公式确定各导管细胞圆度值);4.2) Circularity parameter setting of ductal cells: set the circularity parameter c of ductal cells to be detected according to the circularity of ductal cells to be detected in the microscopic image processed in step 3), 0<c≤ 1, wherein, 1 represents a regular circle (such as using IMAGE J image analysis program, set the appropriate duct cell roundness range in the roundness range between 0-1 and c, 0<c≤1, as selected 1. It can be detected that the duct cells are standard round; the IMAGE J image analysis program determines the roundness value of each duct cell according to the formula 4π×[duct cell area]/[duct cell perimeter] 2 );
5)导管细胞形态特征检测:依据步骤4)设定的导管细胞形态特征检测参数后,获得满足检测参数要求的导管细胞图像以及导管细胞形态特征数据;所述导管细胞形态特征数据包括:导管细胞形态数据总体信息(包括检测出的导管细胞总数量、总面积、平均面积、平均圆度以及所有检测出的导管细胞在整个显微图像中所占的面积比例),单个导管细胞编号及对应的面积大小和圆度形态信息,最终完成了木质纤维材料导管细胞形态特征检测(如根据步骤4.1)和4.2)输入的检测参数通过执行IMAGE J图像分析粒子程序获得检测结果)。5) Detection of ductal cell morphological characteristics: after the ductal cell morphological characteristic detection parameters set in step 4), the ductal cell image and ductal cell morphological characteristic data meeting the detection parameter requirements are obtained; the ductal cell morphological characteristic data include: ductal cell Overall information on morphological data (including the total number of detected ductal cells, total area, average area, average roundness, and the proportion of all detected ductal cells in the entire microscopic image), the number of individual ductal cells and the corresponding Area size and roundness morphological information, and finally complete the detection of lignocellulosic material vessel cell morphological characteristics (such as according to the detection parameters input in steps 4.1) and 4.2) by executing the IMAGE J image analysis particle program to obtain the detection results).
实施例1Example 1
1)为获取杨木显微图像,对杨木材料进行样品前期制备:1) In order to obtain the microscopic image of poplar wood, pre-sample preparation of poplar wood material:
依据木质纤维材料阔叶材杨木形状,将横截面积小于10mm2的杨木截成纵向长度为15mm长的柱体材料,该块状材料作为样品用于其显微图像获取。According to the shape of poplar wood, a lignocellulosic material, poplar wood with a cross-sectional area of less than 10 mm 2 is cut into a column material with a longitudinal length of 15 mm, and the block material is used as a sample for its microscopic image acquisition.
2)将制备好的样品通过光学显微镜获取能分辨出杨木样品各组成细胞的显微图像:2) The prepared sample is obtained through an optical microscope to obtain a microscopic image that can distinguish each component cell of the poplar sample:
将步骤1)制备好的样品,采用木材常规切片法切取厚度为20μm的切片;然后用1%番红水溶液染料对切片进行染色,染色时间为10-12小时;然后通过梯度酒精使得切片中的各组织细胞脱水,并采用二甲苯使脱水后的各组织细胞变为透明,用加拿大树胶封片剂对各组织细胞变为透明后的切片进行封片处理;封片处理后的切片在光学显微镜下观察拍照,获取并保存上述杨木样品横切面显微图像。The sample prepared in step 1) was cut into slices with a thickness of 20 μm by conventional wood sectioning method; then the slices were dyed with 1% safranin aqueous solution dye, and the staining time was 10-12 hours; Each tissue cell was dehydrated, and xylene was used to make the dehydrated tissue cells transparent, and the sections after the tissue cells became transparent were sealed with Canada gum mounting agent; Observe and take pictures under observation, acquire and save the microscopic image of the cross-section of the above-mentioned poplar wood sample.
3)对获取的杨木显微图像进行图像像素和实际尺寸比例关系确定及图像处理,以保证显微图像中导管细胞形态特征的可读性及识别和检测的准确性,具体包括:3) Determine the proportional relationship between image pixels and actual size and image processing on the obtained poplar microscopic image, so as to ensure the readability of the morphological characteristics of the ductal cells in the microscopic image and the accuracy of identification and detection, specifically including:
3.1)确定图像像素和实际尺寸相关关系比例:将经步骤2)获得的杨木显微图像通过IMAGE J图像分析程序打开,应用窗口处的直线工具拉一条和图像上比例尺长度正好的直线,可自动获得该直线的像素距离值,然后把比例尺实际长度值输入,即可确定该显微图像图像像素和实际尺寸比例关系,同时将长度单位设定为“μm”,检测时获得的导管细胞形态数据就会以“μm”为单位;3.1) Determine the correlation ratio between image pixels and actual size: Open the poplar microscopic image obtained through step 2) through the image analysis program IMAGE J, and use the straight line tool at the window to draw a straight line with the same length as the scale on the image, which can be automatically obtained The pixel distance value of the straight line, and then input the actual length value of the scale to determine the proportional relationship between the image pixel of the microscopic image and the actual size. Will be in "μm" as the unit;
3.2)对比度增强处理:通过IMAGE J图像分析程序调整经步骤3.1)确定图像像素和实际尺寸相关关系比例的杨木样品的显微图像的图像饱和像素值,增强该显微图像中导管细胞和纤维细胞及其他类型细胞的对比度,选取的图像饱和像素像素值为0.6,处理后可获得导管细胞和其它类型细胞对比明显的图像;3.2) Contrast enhancement processing: adjust the image saturation pixel value of the microscopic image of the poplar sample whose correlation ratio between the image pixel and the actual size is determined by step 3.1) through the IMAGE J image analysis program, and enhance the vessel cells and fibers in the microscopic image For the contrast of cells and other types of cells, the saturation pixel value of the selected image is 0.6. After processing, images with obvious contrast between ductal cells and other types of cells can be obtained;
3.3)图像类型转换处理:通过IMAGE J图像分析程序将经步骤3.2)对比度增强处理后的图像转换成8-bit二进制灰度图像,即只有黑白两种色彩区分的图像,如图2(a)所示;3.3) Image type conversion processing: convert the image after step 3.2) contrast enhancement processing into an 8-bit binary grayscale image through the IMAGE J image analysis program, that is, an image that only has two colors of black and white, as shown in Figure 2 (a) shown;
3.4)导管细胞标记处理:通过IMAGE J图像分析程序将步骤3.3)得到的二进制灰度图像通过选取阈值对二进制灰度图像中导管细胞进行标记,杨木样品显微图像的最佳阈值范围为100-255,此时其导管细胞的腔和壁着色全部为红色,完成了导管细胞标记处理,转化为非彩色图像如图3(a)所示(图中深灰色表示被标记的导管细胞);3.4) Marking processing of ductal cells: the binary grayscale image obtained in step 3.3) is used to mark the ductal cells in the binary grayscale image through the image analysis program IMAGE J, and the optimal threshold range of the microscopic image of the poplar sample is 100 -255, at this time, the lumen and wall coloring of the duct cells are all red, and the duct cell labeling process has been completed, which is converted into a non-color image as shown in Figure 3 (a) (the dark gray in the figure indicates the marked duct cells);
4)设定处理后的显微图像导管细胞形态特征检测参数,具体包括:4) Set the detection parameters for the morphological characteristics of the ductal cells in the processed microscopic image, specifically including:
4.1)导管细胞面积参数设定:应用IMAGE J粒子分析程序选择经步骤3)处理后的显微图像中较大导管细胞和较小导管细胞,分别测量其直径d后依据公式π×(d/2)2大致计算出显微图像中较大导管细胞面积和较小导管细胞面积,依据杨木样品横切面导管大小,最终确定其导管细胞面积范围数值为[400,2000],此设定可以将导管细胞面积在400-2000μm2范围内的导管细胞检测出来;4.1) Setting of ductal cell area parameters: use the IMAGE J particle analysis program to select larger ductal cells and smaller ductal cells in the microscopic image processed in step 3), measure their diameters respectively, and then use the formula π×(d/ 2) 2 Roughly calculate the area of larger ductal cells and smaller ductal cells in the microscopic image, and finally determine the range of ductal cell area as [400,2000] according to the size of ducts in the cross-section of the poplar sample. This setting can Detect ductal cells with a ductal cell area in the range of 400-2000 μm2 ;
4.2)导管细胞圆度参数设定:依据经步骤3)处理后的显微图像中待检测的导管细胞的圆度形态设定待检测出的导管细胞圆度参数,由于杨木样品中导管形态较不规则,因此选择其圆度参数为0.3-1,其中,圆度参数越大,表示导管形态越接近圆形,其中1表示规则的圆形。4.2) parameter setting of duct cell roundness: according to the roundness shape of duct cells to be detected in the microscopic image processed in step 3), the roundness parameters of duct cells to be detected are set. It is relatively irregular, so the roundness parameter is selected as 0.3-1, wherein the larger the roundness parameter, the closer the catheter shape is to a circle, and 1 means a regular circle.
5)导管细胞形态特征检测:对杨木样品显微图像完成了上述导管细胞形态特征检测参数设定后,通过执行IMAGE J图像分析粒子程序即可获得满足检测参数要求的导管细胞图像以及导管细胞形态特征数据,检测输出时选择OUTLINES,DISPLAY SESULTS,SUMMARIZE和IN SITU SHOW进行输出结果形式设定,最终检测获得的杨木样品横切面导管形态提取显微图像如图4(a)中所示,图4(a)中导管细胞中间记录有导管细胞编号(即图中示意的各导管细胞中间的黑点,放大后可看清其具体数值);获得的杨树木材导管细胞总数量、总面积、平均面积、平均圆度以及所有检测出的导管细胞在整个显微图像中所占的面积比例等形态数据总体信息如表1所示;单个导管细胞编号及对应的面积大小和圆度形态信息如表2所示,最终完成了杨木导管细胞形态特征检测。5) Detection of morphological characteristics of ductal cells: After the above-mentioned detection parameters of morphological characteristics of ductal cells have been set for the microscopic images of poplar wood samples, the image of ductal cells and ductal cell For the morphological feature data, select OUTLINES, DISPLAY SESULTS, SUMMARIZE and IN SITU SHOW to set the output result form during the detection output. The microscopic image of the duct shape extraction of the cross-section of the poplar sample obtained by the final detection is shown in Figure 4(a). In Fig. 4 (a), there is a record of the duct cell number in the middle of the duct cells (that is, the black dot in the middle of each duct cell shown in the figure, and its specific value can be seen clearly after zooming in); the total number and total area of the poplar wood duct cells obtained , average area, average roundness, and the area ratio of all detected ductal cells in the entire microscopic image and other morphological data are shown in Table 1; the number of a single ductal cell and the corresponding area size and roundness morphological information As shown in Table 2, the detection of the morphological characteristics of poplar duct cells was finally completed.
表1:杨木材料中导管细胞面积和圆度总体数值Table 1: Overall values of vessel cell area and roundness in poplar wood materials
表2:杨木材料中单个导管细胞面积和圆度数值Table 2: Single vessel cell area and roundness values in poplar wood materials
实施例2Example 2
1)为获取毛竹材显微图像,对毛竹材进行样品前期制备:1) In order to obtain the microscopic image of the moso bamboo wood, the pre-sample preparation of the moso bamboo wood was carried out:
依据木质纤维材料毛竹材形状,将横截面积大于10mm的毛竹茎环截成10mm(径向)×10mm(弦向)×15mm(纵向)的长方体状材料。该块状材料作为样品用于其显微图像获取。According to the shape of the lignocellulosic material Moso bamboo, cut the stem ring of Moso bamboo with a cross-sectional area greater than 10 mm into a cuboid material of 10 mm (radial direction) × 10 mm (chord direction) × 15 mm (longitudinal direction). The bulk material was used as a sample for its microscopic image acquisition.
2)将制备好的样品通过光学显微镜获取能分辨出毛竹材样品各组成细胞的显微图像:2) The prepared sample is obtained by an optical microscope to be able to distinguish the microscopic image of each component cell of the moso bamboo sample:
将步骤1)制备好的样品,除切片染色采用2%的番红酒精染料对切片进行染色,染色时间为2-4小时外,其它操作实施与实施例1相同。With the sample prepared in step 1), except that the section is stained with 2% safranin alcohol dye, and the staining time is 2-4 hours, other operations are carried out the same as in Example 1.
3)对获取的毛竹材显微图像进行图像像素和实际尺寸比例关系确定及处理,以保证显微图像中导管细胞形态特征的可读性及识别和检测的准确性,具体包括:3) Determine and process the relationship between the image pixel and the actual size ratio of the obtained microscopic image of moso bamboo, so as to ensure the readability of the morphological characteristics of the ductal cells in the microscopic image and the accuracy of identification and detection, specifically including:
3.1)确定图像像素和实际尺寸相关关系比例:与实施例1相同;3.1) Determining the correlation ratio between image pixels and actual size: same as embodiment 1;
3.2)对比度增强处理:与实施例1相同;3.2) contrast enhancement processing: same as embodiment 1;
3.3)图像类型转换处理:与实施例1相同,获得毛竹材样品横切面的二进制灰度图像如图2(b)所示;3.3) image type conversion processing: the same as in embodiment 1, obtain the binary grayscale image of the cross-section of the moso bamboo sample as shown in Figure 2 (b);
3.4)导管细胞标记处理:毛竹材样品显微图像的最佳阈值范围为170-255,其它操作实施与实施例1相同,标记后转化为非彩色图像如图3(b)所示(图中深灰色表示被标记的导管细胞)。3.4) Vessel cell labeling process: the optimal threshold range of the microscopic image of the moso bamboo sample is 170-255, and other operations are carried out the same as in Example 1, and after the labeling, it is converted into an achromatic image as shown in Figure 3 (b) (in the figure Dark gray indicates labeled ductal cells).
4)设定处理后的毛竹材样品显微图像导管细胞形态特征检测参数,具体包括:4) Set the parameters for detecting the morphological characteristics of the duct cells in the microscopic image of the processed bamboo wood sample, specifically including:
4.1)导管细胞面积参数设定:最终确定毛竹材导管细胞面积范围数值为[8000,20000];此设定可以将导管细胞面积在8000-20000μm2范围内的导管细胞检测出来,其它操作实施与实施例1相同;4.1) Vessel cell area parameter setting: finally determine the value of the vessel cell area of Moso bamboo wood as [8000,20000]; this setting can detect vessel cells with a vessel cell area within the range of 8000-20000 μm 2 , other operations are implemented with Embodiment 1 is identical;
4.2)导管细胞圆度参数设定:选择的毛竹材样品其圆度参数为0.5-1,其它操作实施与实施例1相同;4.2) Setting of roundness parameters of vessel cells: the roundness parameter of the selected moso bamboo sample is 0.5-1, and other operations are carried out the same as in Example 1;
5)导管细胞形态特征检测:检测过程与实施例1相同,最终检测获得的毛竹材样品横切面导管形态检测提取显微图像如图4(b)中所示,图4(b)中导管细胞中间记录有导管细胞编号(即图中示意的各导管细胞中间的黑点,放大后可看清其具体数值);获得的杨树木材导管细胞总数量、总面积、平均面积、平均圆度以及所有检测出的导管细胞在整个显微图像中所占的面积比例等形态数据总体信息如表3所示;单个导管细胞编号及对应的面积大小和圆度形态信息如表4所示,最终完成了毛竹材导管细胞形态特征检测。5) Detection of morphological characteristics of vessel cells: the detection process is the same as in Example 1, and the microscopic image extracted from the vessel morphology detection of the cross-section of the moso bamboo sample obtained in the final detection is shown in Figure 4 (b), and the vessel cells in Figure 4 (b) The number of vessel cells is recorded in the middle (that is, the black dot in the middle of each vessel cell shown in the figure, and its specific value can be seen clearly after zooming in); the total number, total area, average area, average roundness and The overall morphological information such as the area ratio of all detected ductal cells in the entire microscopic image is shown in Table 3; the number of a single ductal cell and the corresponding area size and roundness morphological information are shown in Table 4, and the final completion The morphological characteristics of the vessel cells of Moso bamboo were detected.
表3:毛竹材料中导管面积和圆度总体数值Table 3: Overall values of conduit area and roundness in moso bamboo
表4:毛竹材料中单个导管面积和圆度数值Table 4: Area and roundness values of individual tubes in moso bamboo
实施例3Example 3
1)为获取黄藤材显微图像,对黄藤材进行样品前期制备:1) In order to obtain the microscopic image of the yellow rattan wood, the pre-sample preparation of the yellow rattan wood:
截取的黄藤材样品形状同实施例2。该块状材料作为样品用于其显微图像获取。The shape of the cut rattan material sample is the same as in Example 2. The bulk material was used as a sample for its microscopic image acquisition.
2)将制备好的黄藤材样品通过光学显微镜获取能分辨出黄藤材样品各组成细胞的显微图像:黄藤材显微图像获取步骤同实施例2。2) Obtain a microscopic image capable of distinguishing each constituent cell of the rattan material sample through an optical microscope: the acquisition procedure of the microscopic image of the rattan material is the same as in Example 2.
3)对获取的黄藤材显微图像进行图像像素和实际尺寸比例关系确定及处理,以保证显微图像中导管细胞形态特征的可读性及识别和检测的准确性,具体包括:3) Determine and process the relationship between the image pixel and the actual size ratio of the obtained microscopic image of the rattan wood, so as to ensure the readability of the morphological characteristics of the ductal cells in the microscopic image and the accuracy of identification and detection, specifically including:
3.1)确定图像像素和实际尺寸相关关系比例:与实施例1相同;3.1) Determining the correlation ratio between image pixels and actual size: same as embodiment 1;
3.2)对比度增强处理:与实施例1相同;3.2) contrast enhancement processing: same as embodiment 1;
3.3)图像类型转换处理:与实施例1相同,获得黄藤材横切面的二进制灰度图像如图2(c)所示;3.3) image type conversion processing: same as embodiment 1, obtain the binary grayscale image of the cross-section of the rattan wood as shown in Figure 2 (c);
3.4)导管细胞标记处理:黄藤材样品显微图像的最佳阈值范围为153-255,其它操作实施与实施例1相同,标记后转化为非彩色图像如图3(c)所示(图中深灰色表示被标记的导管细胞)。3.4) Labeling treatment of ductal cells: the optimal threshold range of the microscopic image of the rattan wood sample is 153-255, and other operations are carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. After marking, it is converted into a non-color image as shown in Figure 3 (c) (Fig. Medium dark gray indicates labeled ductal cells).
4)设定处理后的黄藤材样品显微图像导管细胞形态特征检测参数,具体包括:4) Set the parameters for detection of ductal cell morphological characteristics in the microscopic image of the treated rattan wood sample, specifically including:
4.1)导管细胞面积参数设定:最终确定黄藤材导管细胞面积范围数值为[20000,50000];此设定可以将导管细胞面积在20000-50000μm2范围内的导管细胞检测出来,其它操作实施与实施例1相同;4.1) Parameter setting of ductal cell area: finally determine the value of the area of ductal cells in the yellow rattan material as [20000, 50000]; this setting can detect ductal cells with an area of ductal cells within the range of 20000-50000 μm2, and perform other operations Same as embodiment 1;
4.2)导管细胞圆度参数设定:选择的黄藤材样品其圆度参数为0.8-1,其它操作实施与实施例1相同;4.2) Setting of roundness parameters of duct cells: the roundness parameter of the selected rattan material sample is 0.8-1, and other operations are carried out the same as in Example 1;
5)导管细胞形态特征检测:检测过程与实施例1相同,最终检测获得的黄藤材样品横切面导管形态检测提取显微图像如图4(c)中所示,图4(c)中导管细胞中间记录有导管细胞编号(即图中示意的各导管细胞中间的黑点,放大后可看清其具体数值);获得的黄藤材导管细胞总数量、总面积、平均面积、平均圆度以及所有检测出的导管细胞在整个显微图像中所占的面积比例等形态数据总体信息如表5所示;单个导管细胞编号及对应的面积大小和圆度形态信息如表6所示,最终完成了黄藤材导管细胞形态特征检测。5) Detection of ductal cell morphological characteristics: the detection process is the same as in Example 1, and the microscopic image extracted from the ductal morphology detection of the cross-section of the rattan material sample obtained in the final inspection is shown in Figure 4(c). The number of ductal cells is recorded in the middle of the cells (that is, the black dots in the middle of each ductal cell shown in the figure, and the specific value can be seen clearly after zooming in); the total number, total area, average area, and average roundness of the obtained yellow rattan ductal cells The general information of the morphological data such as the area ratio of all detected ductal cells in the entire microscopic image is shown in Table 5; the number of a single ductal cell and the corresponding area size and roundness morphological information are shown in Table 6, and finally The detection of the morphological characteristics of the vessel cells of the rattan cane was completed.
表5:黄藤材料中导管面积和圆度总体数值Table 5: Overall values of conduit area and roundness in yellow rattan materials
表6:黄藤材料中单个导管面积和圆度数值Table 6: Single conduit area and roundness values in yellow rattan material
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CN110006898A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-07-12 | 上海工程技术大学 | Measurement method of polyester-cotton fiber blending ratio based on roundness algorithm |
CN110426379A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-11-08 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of rotary timber single fiber sectional area measuring device and method |
CN110426379B (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2021-12-17 | 南京林业大学 | Rotary type wood single-fiber sectional area measuring device and method |
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