CN101963491B - Papermaking fiber image measuring method - Google Patents
Papermaking fiber image measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101963491B CN101963491B CN2010102792505A CN201010279250A CN101963491B CN 101963491 B CN101963491 B CN 101963491B CN 2010102792505 A CN2010102792505 A CN 2010102792505A CN 201010279250 A CN201010279250 A CN 201010279250A CN 101963491 B CN101963491 B CN 101963491B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a papermaking fiber image measuring method. The instrument adopted in the method is a papermaking fiber analyzer consisting of a biological microscope of which the ocular lens is replaced by a digital video, a microcomputer, a display connected with the microcomputer, and a papermaking fiber analyzing program arranged inside the microcomputer. The measurement item comprises image method measurement of length and width of the papermaking fiber, image method measurement of papermaking fiber ratio and measurement of papermaking fiber plant material cell wall and cavity ratio. The invention provides filmmaking technology by a gel process, and a glass slide clamp capable of accommodating large-scale glass slides. The papermaking fiber image measuring method has the advantages of simpleness, practicability and accurate result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pulp technology for making paper, especially a kind of length of paper-making fibre, width, wall chamber size, fibrous measuring method.
Background technology
Paper-making fibre has different microscopic patterns in different raw materials during with different treatment process, and they have material impact to the character of paper.The grass type and the broad-leaved wood fiber average length less than 1 millimeter, 2 to 4 millimeters of needle-leaved wood fibre average lengths, about 20 to 100 microns of its width; Many millimeters of paper grade (stock) cotton fiber and the about long number of bast plant fiber millimeters to 10, about 10 to 20 microns of width, human eye is difficult for watching.China's past measurement fibre morphology index mainly relies on microscope or microscopic projector to amplify fiber or projects on the projection screen; Manual work is measured with micrometer or certain special ruler on microscope or projection screen then, and this method is consuming time many, and workload is big; Personal error is bigger; Therefore under many circumstances, people can not in time and exactly measure the form of paper-making fibre, can not in time understand and grasp the situation of change of raw material of papermaking fiber its form in slurrying and paper-making process.
Abroad; The FS type paper-making fibre analyser of Finland Kajaani Electronic Arts Inc.; The FQA fibre analysis appearance that Canada pulping and paper-making research institute etc. develops jointly; The L&W fiber automatic analyzing appearance that Sweden produces etc. all is to be diluted to paper-making fibre after very rare water slurry with micromachine pumping warp one kapillary or a slit; Then with photodiode induction or with DV to taking pictures fast through the fiber of kapillary or slit, by microcomputer information of obtaining or the image of taking pictures are carried out data processing again, draw the length and the width value of fiber.This type of surveying instrument measuring speed is fast, measures thousands of of paper-making fibres in several minutes.But these instruments are length, width and the flexural number of energy measurement paper-making fibre only; Can not clear observation fiber form; The quality index of paper-making fibre such as is not compared in fibre furnish, fiber wire-dividing broom purification, the wall chamber of the different fibre stufves of energy measurement, and the instrument price is wanted about ten thousand yuan of Renminbi 60-100.
The measuring method of the fiber that Wang of Tsing-Hua University family financial situation in 2005 proposes in its patent CN1264823A is mainly used in the measurement textile fibres.Because the fiber of a large amount of intersections is arranged in the paper-making fibre test piece; So inapplicable, this method can not be measured the characteristic index some other commonly used of paper-making fibre simultaneously: like making beating brooming degree, wall chamber ratio; The proportion of composing of variety classes composite fibre in the raw material, non-fibrocellular content ratio etc. in the paper pulp.
Summary of the invention
To the measurement of above existing paper-making fibre form and the deficiency of analytical approach, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of new paper-making fibre image measuring method.
The objective of the invention is through adopting following technical scheme to realize: a kind of paper-making fibre image measuring method is characterized in that:
One paper-making fibre analyser is provided; This paper-making fibre analyser comprises that a biological microscope, is installed in the DV of this biological microscope eyepiece position, a microcomputer, the display that is connected with microcomputer and is arranged at the paper-making fibre message processing program in the microcomputer, and the data line of DV is connected to the data-interface place of microcomputer;
Measure portion comprises following:
First: fiber length and width degree is measured, and it comprises:
The first step, the gel method film-making:
Obtain paper or paper pulp fiber sample according to industry standard QB/T 2597-2003 paper-making fibre length measurment method, or to carrying out dispersion treatment, the wet pulp sample that is fully disperseed without raw material that disperses or paper pulp fiber sample; Through dark color or the dyeing of lividity coloring agent, flush away excess dyestuff and hand are pinched dried subsequent use;
Get and dye the dark about 5mg of slurry; Place vial with cover, add the 5-20ml gel, be heated to mobile aqueous; After fully shaking suspending liquid; Draw fiber gel suspending liquid and evenly be applied on the microslide, fiber gel suspending liquid forms coagulated colloid on microslide, and tested fiber is wrapped in the transparent adhesive film equably;
In second step, the fiber length and width is measured:
The test piece of first step gained is placed the microslide anchor clamps; Open the paper-making fibre routine analyzer through microcomputer; Regulate slide and microscope focal length; The fibre image of clear display on the microcomputer display screen, the length of fiber, width are measured and statistics by the paper-making fibre analyser automatically;
Second portion: the paper-making fibre proportioning is measured, and it may further comprise the steps:
According to industry standard QB/T 2597-2003 sampling, through conspicuous Albert'stain Albert agent dyeing system observation test piece, test piece is placed said microslide anchor clamps; Open the paper-making fibre routine analyzer, regulate slide and microscope focal length, the fibre image of clear display on the microcomputer display screen;
Select the color of image separation function of fiber information handling procedure; Separate through the fiber of this color of image separation function the different colours value; Automatically calculate the area that the identical fiber of color occupies in image; The ratio of the fiber area occupied in image through different colours calculates different fibers ratio content in paper or paper pulp;
Third part: the measurement of paper-making fibre plant material cell membrane chamber ratio, it may further comprise the steps:
Papermaking plant material slices across is processed biologic slice, use coloring agent dyeing, the cell membrane of papermaking plant material is dyed dark colour; Lumen is empty very slight color; Biologic slice after the dyeing is placed microslide, process the fiber cross section test piece, open the paper-making fibre routine analyzer; Regulate slide and microscope focal length, the papermaking plant material slices across image of clear display on the microcomputer display screen;
The wall chamber of selecting the fiber information disposal system is than automatic measurement function; Automatically discern fibrocellular lumen diameter and cell wall thickness in the biologic slice through this automatic measurement function, and measure and add up the wall cavity area ratio and the length ratio of average thickness, cell membrane and lumen of diameter, the cell membrane of its whole lumens respectively.
As optimized technical scheme of the present invention, said gel is a transparence, and it is being processed by the made algin WS of marine algas such as agar, Eucheuma by 0.5-3.5% content.
As optimized technical scheme of the present invention, two the large and small rectangular sheets of said microslide anchor clamps for being nested, the size size with microslide respectively is corresponding; Big frame is placed the gel method microslide more about 10 times than conventional microslide area, places conventional microslide after being inserted in little frame.
As optimized technical scheme of the present invention, said microslide anchor clamps can move in X, Y, Z direction with microscope stage.
As optimized technical scheme of the present invention, the size of said gel method microslide and large rectangle frame hollow-out parts is suitable: length is 70-150, and width is 50-90.
With respect to prior art, technical scheme of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, reduces measuring error.The present invention has cancelled making microscopic examination sample needs microslide to add the classic method of cover glass.Use fiber gel suspending liquid, fiber can be evenly dispersed in the liquid colloid, and fiber is not sunken to the coagulant liquid bottom yet when leaving standstill; Draw homodisperse fibrous suspension to microslide with suction pipe; Accomplished that sampling evenly; Form the clear gel solid very soon behind the fibrous suspension contact microslide; This method need not use dissecting needle loosen collagen fibre and cover glass extrusion fiber, thus reduced dissect to the change of fibre morphology and when covered fiber fines extrude measuring error that test piece causes with unnecessary liquid.
2, the clear fiber that is beneficial to of figure is observed.During the microscopic examination sample, its observation depth of field reduces with the increase of the enlargement factor of sample, in traditional film-making; Fiber is layer after layer in the sample, cause microscope can clearly observe above ground fiber but ground fiber below not seeing uses this method film-making; Can avoid in the sample tested fiber overlapping; The glued membrane that the air-dry back of gelinite forms is only counted micron thick, and under enlargement factor closely thousandfold, microscope can be at the microscopic pattern of observation sample more clearly.
3, reduce film-making intensity.Be the effect of bigger performance gel method film-making, the present invention has designed microslide and the anchor clamps that are specifically designed to the fiber gel test piece; Usually the sample test piece viewing area processed of microslide is about 6 square centimeters, and fiber consumption is seldom taken a sample inhomogeneous easily and caused the measuring system error; Seldom intersect each other like the needle-leaved wood fibre in the test piece; Every square centimeter is held 20 to 30 fibers approximately, and this needs several test pieces could satisfy the requirement of measuring hundreds of fibers in the industry standard QB/T 2597-2003 regulation, nearly hundred square centimeters of the used big microslide viewing areas of the present invention; Fiber consumption is traditional more than 10 times; Hold thousands of fibers, get final product the measurement requirement that above-mentioned standard is just satisfied in a test piece, also can reduce the inhomogeneous measuring system error that causes because of sampling.
4, fiber is dyed dark color and help computing machine and distinguish, satisfy automatic measurement requirement.Do not dye like fiber, fiber color depth difference is very little when microscopic examination, part fiber even transparent, and this can cause in the fiber measurement, and computing machine can not obtain fiber binary image accurately, has lost fibre image information.After fiber used dark color or lividity coloring agent to increase the color of fiber, the fiber and the background color depth contrasted clearly in the MIcrosope image, in the fiber measurement; The fiber binary image that computing machine obtained is clear accurately; Can not lose fibre image information, the fibre length that records, width is accurate.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described further:
Fig. 1 is the floor map of microslide anchor clamps;
Fig. 2 is the cross sectional representation of Fig. 1 horizontal direction;
Fig. 3 is the cross sectional representation of Fig. 1 vertical direction.
Embodiment
First: the measurement of paper-making fibre length and width degree
The first step: gel method film-making:
Gel method flaking method step of the present invention: obtain paper or paper pulp fiber sample according to industry standard QB/T 2597-2003 paper-making fibre length measurment method; Or to carrying out dispersion treatment without the raw material or the paper pulp fiber sample that disperse; The wet pulp sample that is fully disperseed, above-mentioned wet pulp sample with hand pinch do after; After getting about 1g wet pulp and adding 0.05 to 1 gram dark color or lividity coloring agent and about 0.5 ml water and mix, be heated to 90 degree, place after several minutes, remove excess dyestuff and hand is pinched dried subsequent use with flushing with clean water paper pulp.Getting about 10mg then dyes dark slurry and places vial with cover; Add 5-20ml gel (by algin solution compositions such as 0.5-3.5% agar); Be heated to mobile aqueous; After fully shaking suspending liquid, draw fiber gel suspending liquid with suction pipe and evenly be applied to formation clear gel solid on the microslide, tested fiber is wrapped in the transparent gel equably.Like fiber on the microslide more crossing condition is arranged, this sheet cancels, and should in suspending liquid, add gel again; Repeat aforesaid operations; Process rarer fiber gel suspending liquid, the fiber overwhelming majority on microslide is in the single fiber state, and the measurement test piece of certain fibre density is arranged again.This test piece can be used for measuring pulp fiber length and width, brooming rate, heteroproteose cell content and observes its fibre morphology.Fiber gel suspending liquid on the microslide leaves standstill to air-dry back measurement effect better.
The microslide anchor clamps of gel test piece are positioned on the microscope stage, and it can move in X (level), Y (vertically), Z (vertically) direction with microscope stage.These microslide anchor clamps are two large and small rectangular sheets that are nested, and the size size with microslide respectively is corresponding; Big frame can be placed big microslide, places conventional microslide after being inserted in little frame.
The structure of microslide anchor clamps such as Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3; The microslide anchor clamps are rectangular sheet, and the one of which end margin is clamped and fastened on the micro objective below by two clamping parts 10, and its center is provided with one first rectangle hollow-out parts 20; The degree of depth of this first rectangle hollow-out parts 20 is less than the thickness of anchor clamps; Its center also is provided with one second rectangle hollow-out parts 30, and the length and width size of this second rectangle hollow-out parts 30 is all less than the length and width size of the first rectangle hollow-out parts 20, and this second rectangle hollow-out parts 30 penetrates this anchor clamps.Microslide can place in this first rectangle hollow-out parts 20; Less like the microslide area; Then need provide structure that a length and width size and the length and width size of the first rectangle hollow-out parts 20 be complementary and aforementioned anchor clamps consistent than small jig; Place this than in the small jig microslide, will place in the first rectangle hollow-out parts 20 of aforementioned microslide than small jig.In embodiments of the present invention, the size of said gel method microslide and large rectangle frame hollow-out parts is suitable: length is 70-150, and width is 50-90.
Second step: fiber length and width degree is measured:
One paper-making fibre analyser is provided; It comprises a biological microscope; Form in order to DV, microcomputer, the display that is connected with microcomputer that replaces the biological microscope eyepiece, the paper-making fibre routine analyzer that is arranged in the microcomputer, the data line of video camera is connected to the data-interface of microcomputer.
The test piece of first step gained is placed the microslide anchor clamps, open the paper-making fibre process of measurement, the position of observing fiber in microscopical object lens and the microslide is regulated in the position of adjustment microslide, makes the fiber sample micro-image of microcomputer display screen clear display.
1, fibre length is measured:
With show on the click microcomputer display screen fiber, each information input microcomputer of clicking the back gained writes down, adds up, calculates measured lengths numerical value automatically by the fiber information handling procedure.
2, fiber width is measured:
Side in the representational stage casing of fiber is pressed mouse; Drag the opposite side of mouse setting-out to fiber; The direction of removable lines during setting-out is unclamped mouse when it is vertical with fiber edge, same repeatedly operation; The paper-making fibre routine analyzer is measured the width value of fiber automatically, and adds up, calculates needed result.
3, fiber length and width degree is measured simultaneously automatically.
Make test piece by first step gel method; Test piece for less cross fibers phenomenon; " measuring " function in the paper-making fibre routine analyzer capable of using automatically makes the paper-making fibre routine analyzer discern each the root fiber in the picture that is shown in the microcomputer display automatically; And the length and the width of all fibres measured and add up, obtain fibre length, width measure result simultaneously.
Second portion: the paper-making fibre proportioning is measured
According to industry standard QB/T 2597-2003 sampling, with conspicuous Albert'stain Albert agent dyeing system observation test piece; Produce various colors reaction owing to variety classes or through different process fibre treated and conspicuous Albert'stain Albert agent effect; Color of image like the chemical pulp fiber is that master, mechanical pulp are yellow, chemi-mechanical pulp is golden yellow with blue and blue-black, so can distinguish different types of fiber through different fiber colors.
Select the color of image separation function of paper-making fibre routine analyzer; Can the fiber of different colours value be separated through this color of image separation function; And calculate the area that certain fiber occupies automatically in image; Through the ratio of different colours value fiber area occupied in image, calculate various fibers content in paper or paper pulp automatically.
Third part: the measurement of paper-making fibre plant material cell membrane chamber ratio
Papermaking plant material slices across is processed biologic slice, use said coloring agent dyeing, process the fiber cross section test piece; This fiber cross section test piece is placed the microslide anchor clamps, regulate microscopical focal length, make the cross sectional image of clear display in the microcomputer display screen; Wall chamber in the selection paper-making fibre routine analyzer is than automatic measurement function; Automatically discern the lumen diameter and the cell wall thickness of fiber finer cell wall through this automatic measurement function; The diameter and its cell membrane average thickness of whole lumens in the papermaking plant cross sectional image shown in the measurement calculate the cell membrane of this sample section and the wall chamber ratio of lumen then automatically respectively.
Claims (4)
1. paper-making fibre image measuring method is characterized in that:
One paper-making fibre analyser is provided; This paper-making fibre analyser comprises that a biological microscope, is installed in the DV of this biological microscope eyepiece position, a microcomputer, the display that is connected with microcomputer and is arranged at the paper-making fibre message processing program in the microcomputer, and the data line of DV is connected to the data-interface place of microcomputer;
Measure portion comprises following:
First: fiber length and width degree is measured, and it comprises:
The first step, the gel method film-making:
Obtain paper or paper pulp fiber sample according to industry standard QB/T 2597-2003 paper-making fibre length measurment method, or to carrying out dispersion treatment, the wet pulp sample that is fully disperseed without raw material that disperses or paper pulp fiber sample; Through deep colour dyeing agent dyeing, flush away excess dyestuff and hand are pinched dried subsequent use;
Get and dye dark slurry 5mg; Place vial with cover, add the 5-20ml gel, be heated to mobile aqueous; After fully shaking suspending liquid; Absorption fiber gel suspending liquid evenly is applied to processes the gel test piece on the microslide, fiber gel suspending liquid forms coagulated colloid on microslide, and tested fiber is wrapped in the transparent adhesive film equably;
In second step, the fiber length and width is measured:
The test piece of first step gained gel is placed the microslide anchor clamps; Open the paper-making fibre message processing program through microcomputer; Regulate slide and microscope focal length; The fibre image of clear display on the microcomputer display screen, the length of fiber, width are measured and statistics by the paper-making fibre analyser automatically;
Second portion: the paper-making fibre proportioning is measured, and it may further comprise the steps:
According to industry standard QB/T 2597-2003 sampling, through the test piece of conspicuous Albert'stain Albert agent dyeing system observation gel, should observe the gel test piece place said microslide anchor clamps; Open the paper-making fibre message processing program, regulate slide and microscope focal length, the fibre image of clear display on the microcomputer display screen;
Select the color of image separation function of paper-making fibre message processing program; Separate through the fiber of this color of image separation function the different colours value; Automatically calculate the area that the identical fiber of color occupies in image; The ratio of the fiber area occupied in image through different colours calculates different fibers ratio content in paper or paper pulp;
Third part: the measurement of paper-making fibre plant material cell membrane chamber ratio, it may further comprise the steps:
Papermaking frame raw material slices across is processed biologic slice, use coloring agent dyeing, the cell membrane of papermaking plant material is dyed dark colour; Lumen is empty very slight color; Biologic slice after the dyeing is placed microslide, process the fiber cross section test piece, open the paper-making fibre message processing program; Regulate slide and microscope focal length, the papermaking plant material slices across image of clear display on the microcomputer display screen;
The wall chamber of selecting the paper-making fibre message processing program is than automatic measurement function; Automatically discern fibrocellular lumen diameter and cell wall thickness in the biologic slice through this automatic measurement function, and measure and add up the wall cavity area ratio and the length ratio of average thickness, cell membrane and lumen of diameter, the cell membrane of its whole lumens respectively.
2. paper-making fibre image measuring method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said gel is a transparence, and it is being processed by agar, the made algin WS of Eucheuma marine alga by 0.5-3.5% content.
3. paper-making fibre image measuring method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: two the large and small rectangular sheets of said microslide anchor clamps for being nested, and the size size with microslide respectively is corresponding; Big frame is placed the gel method microslide bigger 10 times than conventional microslide area, places conventional microslide after being inserted in little frame.
4. paper-making fibre image measuring method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: said microslide anchor clamps can move in X, Y, Z direction with microscope stage.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103091201A (en) * | 2013-01-21 | 2013-05-08 | 华南理工大学 | Method for determining fiber density and equivalent diameter of paper pulp particles |
| CN104713828B (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2018-01-23 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of method for differentiating pulp fiber variety |
| CN106767439A (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-05-31 | 北京和众视野科技有限公司 | Natural textile fiber length-measuring appliance and its measuring method |
| CN108303522B (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2019-08-20 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of short fiber reinforced composite fiber length distribution quantitative evaluating method |
| CN113155676A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-07-23 | 宁波亚洲浆纸业有限公司 | Method for testing paper surface sizing effect |
| CN113533329A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-10-22 | 公安部物证鉴定中心 | Fiber comparison sheet for forensic science polarized light microscope test and preparation method thereof |
| CN115308210A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-08 | 珠海华伦造纸科技有限公司 | System and method for rapidly measuring morphological parameters of papermaking fibers |
| CN115855911B (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2023-06-13 | 湖南三友环保科技有限公司 | Method for measuring biocompatibility of powder carrier and application thereof |
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| CN101210800A (en) * | 2006-12-26 | 2008-07-02 | 三星电子株式会社 | Apparatus and method of measuring distance using structured light |
| CN101806583A (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2010-08-18 | 上海大学 | Microscopic image-based fiber fineness measurement method |
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| JP2002096018A (en) * | 2000-09-22 | 2002-04-02 | Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd | Method of inspecting coating crack and method of measuring width of coating crack |
| CN1329711C (en) * | 2005-09-14 | 2007-08-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Micro interior cavity dimension measuring apparatus and method based on double optical fiber coupling |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101210800A (en) * | 2006-12-26 | 2008-07-02 | 三星电子株式会社 | Apparatus and method of measuring distance using structured light |
| CN101806583A (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2010-08-18 | 上海大学 | Microscopic image-based fiber fineness measurement method |
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Inventor after: Tan Min Inventor after: Wang Juhua Inventor after: Wang Yu Inventor after: Tan Haoxiao Inventor before: Tan Min Inventor before: Huang Juhua Inventor before: Wang Yu Inventor before: Tan Haoxiao |
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