CN107515051B - Wavelength measuring method and system based on acousto-optic effect - Google Patents
Wavelength measuring method and system based on acousto-optic effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN107515051B CN107515051B CN201710597100.0A CN201710597100A CN107515051B CN 107515051 B CN107515051 B CN 107515051B CN 201710597100 A CN201710597100 A CN 201710597100A CN 107515051 B CN107515051 B CN 107515051B
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- XJUNRGGMKUAPAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(dioxo)molybdenum;lead(2+) Chemical group [Pb+2].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O XJUNRGGMKUAPAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium niobate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J9/00—Measuring optical phase difference; Determining degree of coherence; Measuring optical wavelength
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wavelength measurement, in particular to a wavelength measurement method and system based on an acousto-optic effect. Opening a laser light source and an acousto-optic power signal source to enable monochromatic light output by the laser to be diffracted in the acousto-optic device; adjusting the frequency of the acousto-optic power signal source until Bragg diffraction occurs, and recording the ultrasonic frequency f at the moment; moving the image carrier at equal intervals along the optical axis, and recording the distance R between the zero-order diffraction light and the upper-order diffraction light on the diffraction image after each movementiAnd the distance L between the image carrier and the acousto-optic deviceiI is 1, 2, 3 … … n, and n is 8-10; with fLi2u is the abscissa, with RiAs ordinate, n groups R to be recordedi、LiAnd fitting the values into a function image, wherein the curvature of the function image is the wavelength lambda of the monochromatic light. Ultrasonic waves are utilized to form stable gratings, and the relationship among monochromatic light wavelength, electrical modulation frequency and diffraction bright spot space is established. The measuring range is wide, so that the experimental error can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wavelength measurement, in particular to a wavelength measurement method and system based on an acousto-optic effect.
Background
The current methods and means for measuring the wavelength of monochromatic light mainly comprise:
(1) measurement with michelson interferometer: the method utilizes a partial amplitude method to generate double beams to realize interference, can realize equal thickness interference and equal inclination interference through adjustment, is widely used for measuring the length and the refractive index, and plays an important role in modern physics. However, the adjustment process of the michelson interferometer is complex and the method is easily interfered by light environment factors, so that the experimental result generates errors.
(2) Double slit interference method using transmission grating: since the spectrometer can be used to accurately measure physical quantities such as refractive index, grating dispersion, grating constant, and light wavelength, the use of a transmission grating on the spectrometer is a more precise measurement method. However, when the wavelength of light is measured by this method, there is a problem of spectral overlap. The incident light with different wavelengths can generate stripes corresponding to the incident light, which can cause the spectral lines with different series in the spectrum to be superposed; secondly, due to the line width problem of the light source, the grating cannot easily distinguish two lines with very close wavelengths.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a simple and fast wavelength measurement method and system based on acousto-optic effect with high measurement accuracy.
For the wavelength measuring method based on the acousto-optic effect, the technical means adopted by the invention is as follows:
s1: opening a laser light source and an acousto-optic power signal source to enable monochromatic light output by the laser to be diffracted in the acousto-optic device;
s2: adjusting the frequency of the acousto-optic power signal source until Bragg diffraction occurs on the image carrier, and recording the ultrasonic frequency f at the moment;
s3: moving the image carrier at equal intervals along the optical axis, and recording the distance R between the zero-order diffraction light and the upper-order diffraction light on the diffraction image after each movementiAnd the distance L between the image carrier and the acousto-optic deviceiI is 1, 2, 3 … … n, and n is 8-10;
s4: with fL i2u is the abscissa, with RiAs ordinate, n groups R to be recordedi、LiFitting the values into a function image, wherein the curvature of the function image is the wavelength lambda of the monochromatic light;
wherein u is the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic wave in the medium.
Further, in step S2, the optical screen is used as an image carrier, and when three light spots with coincident circle center connecting lines and equal distances appear in the optical screen, bragg diffraction is determined to occur.
Further, in step S3, a single lens reflex camera is used as the image carrier.
Further, in step S3, the image carrier is moved at an interval of 5cm, and the moving direction is a direction away from the acousto-optic device.
The invention relates to a wavelength measuring system based on acousto-optic effect, which adopts the technical means that the wavelength measuring system comprises: the acousto-optic device is arranged between the laser light source and the image carrier, a light through hole is formed in the center of the acousto-optic device, the optical axis of laser light output by the laser light source is superposed with the light through hole center and the image carrier center, the frequency signal input end of the frequency meter is electrically connected with the frequency signal output end of the acousto-optic power signal source, and the control signal output end of the acousto-optic power signal source is electrically connected with the control signal receiving end of the acousto-optic device.
Furthermore, the acousto-optic medium of the acousto-optic device is lead molybdate, and the piezoelectric transducer is made of lithium niobate crystals.
Furthermore, the effective length and the width of an acousto-optic medium in the acousto-optic device are respectively 1.7cm and 1.4cm, and the effective diameter of the light through hole is 1.8 mm.
And the power supply signal output end of the voltage boosting and stabilizing module is electrically connected with the power supply input end of the acousto-optic power signal source.
Furthermore, the image carrier is an optical screen or a single lens reflex, in the wavelength measurement process, the optical screen is firstly used as the image carrier to judge whether Bragg diffraction occurs, then the single lens reflex is used as the image carrier to capture a diffraction image, and the distance between zero-order diffraction light and the previous-order diffraction light is calculated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the ultrasonic wave is utilized to form a stable grating, and the relationship among the wavelength of monochromatic light, the electric modulation frequency and the space of diffraction bright spots is established by means of the idea of controllable light wave phase space modulation. And series data can be obtained by changing the electrical modulation frequency, the acoustic wave frequency can be adjusted to realize measurement of various monochromatic wavelengths, and the measurement range is wide, so that the experimental error can be effectively reduced.
(2) Lead molybdate with stable acousto-optic factor is selected as the main manufacturing material of the acousto-optic device, so that the cost is low, ideal diffraction efficiency is easily obtained, the interference of environmental factor change is not easily caused, and the experimental measurement precision is high.
(3) The industrial camera acquires images, and MATLAB is used for fitting function images, so that the precision is high, and the operation time is short.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wavelength measurement system based on acousto-optic effect;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of light spots on a diffraction image in a single lens reflex;
FIG. 3 is a functional image of a MATLAB fit;
in the figure: the device comprises a power switch, a laser, an acousto-optic device, a voltage boosting and stabilizing module, a single lens reflex, a power source, a frequency meter and a computer, wherein the power switch is 1, the laser is 2, the acousto-optic device is 3, the voltage boosting and stabilizing module is 4, the single lens reflex is 5, the acousto-optic power signal source is 6, the frequency meter is 7, and the computer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not delimit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, a wavelength measurement system based on acousto-optic effect includes a power switch 1, a laser 2, an acousto-optic device 3, a voltage boosting and stabilizing module 4, a single lens reflex 5, an acousto-optic power signal source 6, a frequency meter 7 and a computer 8. The laser emitted by the laser 2 and the light-transmitting hole of the acousto-optic device 3 are positioned at the same horizontal position. The acousto-optic device 3 adopts lead molybdate as an acousto-optic medium, and lithium niobate crystal is a piezoelectric transducer material; the effective length and width of the acousto-optic medium are respectively 1.7cm and 1.4cm, and the effective diameter of the light-passing hole of the acousto-optic device 3 is 1.8 mm. The single lens reflex camera 5 is an olympus E-P3 single lens reflex digital camera, and an image signal output end thereof is connected with the computer 8.
The process of wavelength measurement using this system is as follows:
s1: opening a light source of the laser 2 and an acousto-optic power signal source 6, and allowing laser to pass through a light through hole of the acousto-optic device 3, so that monochromatic light output by the laser 2 is diffracted in the acousto-optic device 3;
s2: the Olympus E-P3 digital single lens reflex camera is taken down, an optical screen is placed at a position about one meter away from the acousto-optic device 3, the frequency of the acousto-optic power signal source 6 is adjusted until only three light spots which are positioned at the same level and are at equal intervals appear on the optical screen (namely Bragg diffraction occurs), the output frequency of the acousto-optic power signal source 6 is read on the frequency meter 7, and the frequency at the moment is recorded as f.
S3: the optical screen is removed, and the Olympus E-P3 digital single lens reflex camera is replaced to ensure that the distance L between the Olympus E-P3 digital single lens reflex camera and the acousto-optic device 3 is ensurediAt 30cm, three horizontal, adjacent, equally spaced, circular bright spots were observed in the center of the lens of an olympus E-P3 slr digital camera on the computer 8, and the image was recorded, as shown in fig. 2. Moving the Olympus E-P3 single-lens reflex digital camera to increase the distance between the Olympus E-P3 single-lens reflex digital camera and the acousto-optic device 3 by 5cm in sequence, repeating the above operation steps for 8 to 10 times, measuring the image displayed on the computer after each movement, determining the centers of the three light spots by using a three-point circle method, measuring the distance between the two centers of the two circles at the two ends, and recording as 2Ri(RiI.e. the distance between the zero order diffracted light and the previous order diffracted light).
S4: with fL i2u is the abscissa, with RiAs ordinate, n groups R to be recordedi、LiFitting the values into a function image, wherein the curvature of the function image is the wavelength lambda of the monochromatic light; wherein u is the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic wave in the medium. With fL i2u is the abscissa, with RiThe basis for the ordinate is:
in the known manner, it is known that,
by momentum matchingAs can be seen from the theorem, when the incident angle is the bragg angle, the deflection angle Φ is:
namely: and R is lambda fL/2 u.
As shown in fig. 3, when the green laser performs wavelength measurement, a functional image obtained by fitting MATLAB is shown, and a functional expression can be obtained as follows: y is 530.75x-0.0095, i.e. the slope 530.75 is the measured wavelength of green light.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A wavelength measuring method based on acousto-optic effect is characterized in that:
s1: opening a laser light source and an acousto-optic power signal source to enable monochromatic light emitted by the laser to be diffracted in the acousto-optic device;
s2: adjusting the frequency of the acousto-optic power signal source until Bragg diffraction occurs on the image carrier, and recording the ultrasonic frequency f at the moment;
s3: moving the image carrier at equal intervals along the optical axis, and recording the distance R between the zero-order diffraction light and the upper-order diffraction light on the diffraction image after each movementiAnd the distance L between the image carrier and the acousto-optic devicei，i＝1，2，3……n；
S4: with fLi2u is the abscissa, with RiAs ordinate, n groups R to be recordedi、LiFitting the values into a function image, wherein the curvature of the function image is the wavelength lambda of the monochromatic light;
wherein u is the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the medium, and in step S3, the image carrier moves at a distance of 5cm, and the moving direction is the direction away from the acousto-optic device;
in the wavelength measuring process, an optical screen is used as an image carrier to judge whether Bragg diffraction occurs or not, then a single-lens reflex camera is used as the image carrier to capture a diffraction image, and the distance between zero-order diffraction light and upper-order diffraction light is calculated.
2. The method for wavelength measurement based on acousto-optic effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the optical screen is used as an image carrier, and when three light spots with coincident circle center connecting lines and equal distances appear in the optical screen, bragg diffraction is determined to occur.
3. The method for wavelength measurement based on acousto-optic effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S3, a single lens reflex camera is used as the image carrier.
4. A wavelength measurement system based on acousto-optic effect, comprising: the acousto-optic device is arranged between a light source of the laser and the image carrier, a light through hole is formed in the center of the acousto-optic device, the optical axis of laser output by the light source of the laser is superposed with the center of the light through hole and the center of the image carrier, the frequency signal input end of the frequency meter is electrically connected with the frequency signal output end of the acousto-optic power signal source, and the control signal output end of the acousto-optic power signal source is electrically connected with the control signal receiving end of the acousto-optic device;
the method for measuring the wavelength of the system based on the acousto-optic effect comprises the following steps: opening a laser light source and an acousto-optic power signal source to enable monochromatic light emitted by the laser to be diffracted in the acousto-optic device; adjusting the frequency of the acousto-optic power signal source until Bragg diffraction occurs on the image carrier, and recording the ultrasonic frequency f at the moment; moving the image carrier at equal intervals along the optical axis, and recording the distance R between the zero-order diffraction light and the upper-order diffraction light on the diffraction image after each movementiAnd the distance L between the image carrier and the acousto-optic deviceiI is 1, 2, 3 … … n; with fLi2u is the abscissa, with RiAs ordinate, n groups R to be recordedi、LiFitting the values into a function image, wherein the curvature of the function image is the wavelength lambda of the monochromatic light; wherein u is the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic wave in the medium.
5. The acousto-optic effect based wavelength measurement system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the acousto-optic medium of the acousto-optic device is lead molybdate, and the piezoelectric transducer is made of lithium niobate crystals.
6. The acousto-optic effect based wavelength measurement system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the effective length and the width of an acousto-optic medium in the acousto-optic device are respectively 1.7cm and 1.4cm, and the effective diameter of a light through hole is 1.8 mm.
7. The acousto-optic effect based wavelength measurement system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the sound-light power source also comprises a voltage boosting and stabilizing module, wherein the power supply signal output end of the voltage boosting and stabilizing module is electrically connected with the power supply input end of the sound-light power signal source.
8. The acousto-optic effect based wavelength measurement system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the image carrier is an optical screen or a single-lens reflex camera, in the wavelength measuring process, the optical screen is firstly adopted as the image carrier to judge whether Bragg diffraction occurs, then the single-lens reflex camera is adopted as the image carrier to capture a diffraction image, and the distance between zero-order diffraction light and upper-order diffraction light is calculated.
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