CN107509149B - A kind of small size large amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducer - Google Patents
A kind of small size large amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107509149B CN107509149B CN201710707910.7A CN201710707910A CN107509149B CN 107509149 B CN107509149 B CN 107509149B CN 201710707910 A CN201710707910 A CN 201710707910A CN 107509149 B CN107509149 B CN 107509149B
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- helicla flute
- cylindrical tube
- small size
- large amplitude
- helical spring
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005520 electrodynamics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of small size large amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducers, including band helicla flute cylindrical tube, back shroud, prestressing force screw rod and piezoelectric ceramic ring of the both ends with nut, the band helicla flute cylindrical tube set gradually, piezoelectric ceramics annulus and back shroud, three passes through a prestressing force screw rod connection, energy converter is under the excitation of applied voltage signal, energy converter is caused to do extensional vibration and the outward energy of radiative acoustic wave, energy converter is shaped to motivating by axially aligned group of piezoelectric ceramic ring of the identical size of multiple groups, drive the vibration of the cylindrical tube with helicla flute, realize the increase of transducer face amplitude, by adjusting with the groove width in helicla flute cylindrical tube, the item number of slot and the internal-and external diameter of aluminum pipe, control the displacement amplitude of whole characteristic frequency and body surface, realize the low frequency small size big displacement of energy converter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of transducing heads, and in particular to a kind of small size large amplitude helical spring low frequency transducing
Device.
Background technique
With application and development of the energy converter after 20th century, researchers pass through the material and shape for changing energy converter,
And its mode, produce the energy converter for meeting and needing.Due to being increasing for material and method, energy converter starts towards low frequency, small
Size development.
Now, realize that low frequency mostly uses three kinds of methods: 1, using low frequency modal, 2, using sap cavity resonance, such as
Helmholtz energy converter, 3, the very low frequency electrodynamic type sound source studied using electrodynamic type, such as Harbin Engineering University, etc..Though
These three right energy converters studied can reach the requirement of low frequency, but their shortcomings are exactly that size is too big, in some feelings
It is inconvenient for use under condition.
To realize the purpose for increasing transducer face amplitude, generally use: 1. add amplitude transformer in energy converter front surface；2.
Increase input power.But the former increases the size of energy converter entirety, and the latter then increases the input power of entire energy converter, not
Improved.Therefore, small size large amplitude low-frequency transducer is exactly emphasis that everybody is studied at present.
Summary of the invention
To overcome the problems, such as that existing tool exists, it is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of small size large amplitude helical spring is low
Frequency energy converter is reached low frequency and small in size, can be increased amplitude, reach low frequency small size using the cylindrical tube for having helicla flute
The purpose of large amplitude.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses following scheme:
A kind of small size large amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducer, including band helicla flute cylindrical tube, back shroud, both ends band spiral shell
The prestressing force screw rod and piezoelectric ceramic ring of cap；
Band helicla flute cylindrical tube, multiple piezoelectric ceramic rings and back shroud through band helicla flute cylindrical tube, multiple piezoelectricity by making pottery
The prestressing force screw rod with bottom nut of ceramic ring and back shroud is simultaneously fixed, and multiple piezoelectric ceramics annulus polarization directions are identical,
It is radial polarization, multiple piezoelectric ceramics annulus side connects positive wire, and the other side connects negative wire, band helicla flute cylinder
Pipe surface opens up a plurality of helicla flute equidistantly circumferentially arranged.
Further, each helicla flute circle number is 1 circle.
Further, including four piezoelectric ceramics annulus, band helicla flute cylinder pipe surface open up 3 helicla flutes, rear cover plate thickness
Degree is 2mm.
Further, band helicla flute cylinder pipe surface opens up 3 helicla flutes, and back shroud is with a thickness of 8mm.
Further, the cylindrical tube with helicla flute, which is adopted, is formed from aluminium.
Further, back shroud, which is adopted, is made of a steel.
Further, piezoelectric ceramics annulus is made of PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramics.
Small size large amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducer of the invention, including band helicla flute cylindrical tube, back shroud, both ends
Prestressing force screw rod and piezoelectric ceramic ring with nut, the band helicla flute cylindrical tube set gradually, piezoelectric ceramics annulus and back shroud,
Three causes energy converter to do extensional vibration by a prestressing force screw rod connection, energy converter under the excitation of applied voltage signal
And the energy of radiative acoustic wave, energy converter are shaped to motivating by axially aligned group of piezoelectric ceramic ring of the identical size of multiple groups outward,
The vibration of the cylindrical tube with helicla flute is driven, realizes the increase of transducer face amplitude, by adjusting in band helicla flute cylindrical tube
Groove width, the item number of slot and the internal-and external diameter of aluminum pipe control the displacement amplitude of whole characteristic frequency and body surface, realize
The low frequency small size big displacement of energy converter.
The present invention uses the cylindrical tube with helicla flute, is to open up a plurality of equidistant circumferential row on the surface of traditional cylindrical tube
The helicla flute of column, according to specific ratio and size is calculated, the height and interior outer radius obtained according to formula establishes one
Traditional cylindrical tube front shroud, then the width cutting of screw pitch and slot by obtaining, required slot number is obtained by circumferential arrangement
And arrangement spacing.After cutting, the mass block that the remaining part of cylindrical tube can be equivalent to both ends clips several rectangular section in parallel bullets
Spring, cutting on the basis of traditional cylindrical tube front shroud, while reducing, amplitude is becoming larger size, and frequency is also reducing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the perspective view and sectional view of helicla flute class Hyatt pipe of the invention；
Fig. 2 is that helicla flute cylindrical tube of the present invention and equivalent circuit corresponding part mark；
Fig. 3-1 is each section exploded view of the invention；
Fig. 3-2 is whole equivalent circuit diagram of the invention；
Fig. 4 is back shroud when being 8mm, the dmittance chart obtained according to equivalent circuit
Fig. 5 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 6 is the left view of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 7 is the left view of the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 8 is the left view of the embodiment of the present invention 3；
Fig. 9 is the displacement diagram at transducer body radiating surface any point that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is related to；
Figure 10 is the displacement diagram at transducer body radiating surface any point that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is related to；
Figure 11 is the displacement diagram comparison diagram with 2 transducer body radiating surface any point of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure 12 is the displacement diagram that trough of belt cylindrical tube does not replace radiating surface any point after helix tube of the present invention.
In figure: 1- band helicla flute cylindrical tube, 2- negative wire, 3- back shroud, prestressing force screw rod of the both ends 4- with nut, 5-
Positive wire, 6- piezoelectric ceramic ring, 7- helicla flute.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with embodiment, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, the common skill in this field
Art personnel all other embodiment obtained without creative efforts all should belong to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
With reference to Fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, the frequency of traditional cylindrical tube front shroud of not slotting of identical size reaches
40kHz or so, and fluting cylindrical tube of the invention is then down to 15kHz or so, it is obvious that frequency reduces amplitude.With other energy converter phases
Than size is smaller, and element used is relatively common, and price is also all cheaper and easily molded, and overall structure and manufacture craft are simple
And it is at low cost.
The method that the present invention uses equivalent circuit, calculates its ratio and size to reach specific frequency.Wherein helicla flute
Cylindrical tube part and integrated circuit refer to Fig. 2-3.
M=ρ v,
R=2 (r01+a)
Wherein, N is active spring coils number, and H is spring section height, and r01 is cylinder bore, and D is cylindrical tube central diameter, R
For cylinder pipe outside diameter, h is spring screw pitch, and G is shear modulus, and a is the length of spring, and b is the width of spring.
As shown in Fig. 3-1 and Fig. 3-2,1 section is helicla flute cylindrical tube in figure, and 2 sections are piezoelectric ceramic stack, and 3 sections are back shroud,
4 sections are prestressing force screw rod；
Have to wherein 1 part:
Spring section both ends part is removed in 101 and 103 corresponding helicla flute cylindrical tubes, mark is respectively z11, z12, z13
And z21, z22, z23；102 corresponding spring sections, are labeled as Cm,Mm。
101 parts:
102 parts:
R=r+a, H=h+x+2l1, h=3 (x+b)
K=3k
M=ρ V,
Wherein, N is active spring coils number, and H is spring section height, and r is cylinder bore, and D is cylindrical tube central diameter, and R is
Cylinder pipe outside diameter, h are spring screw pitch, and G is shear modulus, and a is the length of spring, and b is the width of spring, and x is the width of slot, l1For
Cylindrical tube removes the length at spring section both ends,
103 parts:
Corresponding 2 be piezoelectric ceramic stack:
Wherein, l2For the thickness of every potsherd.
Corresponding 3 back shrouds:
Wherein, l3For rear cover plate thickness.
Corresponding embodiment 2 is whole as shown in Figure 4:
The π of ω=2 f
Z is the equivalent impedance of energy converter entirety.
Since admittance Y has Y=1/z, when z → 0, Y value maximum, obtained frequency is the resonance frequency of energy converter entirety
Rate.
With reference to Fig. 5-6, the low frequency small size large amplitude helical spring energy converter of the present embodiment 1 includes band helicla flute cylindrical tube
1, negative wire 2,2mm back shroud 3, prestressing force screw rod 4 of the both ends with nut, positive wire 5, piezoelectric ceramic ring 6,3 by circle
The helicla flute 7 that week equidistantly arranges, back shroud is with a thickness of 2mm.Slot in cylindrical tube is that number of active coils is 1 circle, equidistant circumference
3 bar grooves of arrangement.
The polarization direction of four piezoelectric ceramics annulus 6 is identical, is longitudinal direction, and four 6 sides of piezoelectric ceramics annulus connect
Positive wire 5 is connect, the other side connects negative wire 3, and coarctate four piezoelectric ceramic circular tubes pass through the cylinder with helicla flute
Pipe 1 and back shroud 3 compress, and by through the band bottom of four piezoelectric ceramics annulus 6, the cylindrical tube 1 with helicla flute and back shroud 3
Nut is simultaneously fixed added with prestressed screw rod 4.Energy converter causes energy converter to do extensional vibration under the excitation of applied voltage signal
And the energy of radiative acoustic wave outward, by adjusting with the groove width in helicla flute cylindrical tube, the item number of slot and the internal-and external diameter of aluminum pipe,
The displacement amplitude for controlling whole characteristic frequency and body surface, realizes the low frequency small size big displacement of energy converter.
Cylindrical tube 1 with helicla flute, which is adopted, to be formed from aluminium, and back shroud 3, which is adopted, to be made of a steel, and four piezoelectric ceramics annulus 6 use
PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramics is made.
Refering to what is shown in Fig. 7, the back shroud of the low frequency small size large amplitude helical spring energy converter of the present embodiment 2 with a thickness of
8mm。
Refering to what is shown in Fig. 8, the low frequency small size large amplitude helical spring energy converter of the present embodiment 3 includes 4 by circumference etc.
The helicla flute 7 of spacing arrangement.
The resonance frequency of small size large amplitude low frequency helical spring energy converter is to be controlled by four piezoelectric ceramic rings, and pass through
The groove width with helicla flute cylindrical tube is adjusted, the item number of slot and the internal-and external diameter of pipe can change amplitude size, reach required amplitude
Size.
The present invention realizes that the principle of energy converter low frequency small size large amplitude is: using piezoelectric ceramic ring as excitation, both ends
Respectively plus band helicla flute cylindrical tube, back shroud.By adjusting the groove width with helicla flute cylindrical tube, the item number of slot and aluminum pipe it is interior
Outer diameter changes transducer vibrational amplitude face amplitude, realizes low frequency small size large amplitude.
Fig. 9 is the displacement diagram at transducer body radiating surface any point of type of the present invention, is by the bright back shroud height of chart
When 2mm, for energy converter in 12kHz-14kHz, amplitude reaches 0.4 μm.
Figure 10 is the displacement diagram at transducer body radiating surface any point of type of the present invention, is by the bright back shroud height of chart
8mm, when slot number is 4, for energy converter in 11kHz-12kHz, amplitude reaches 0.2 μm.
Figure 11 is the displacement diagram at transducer body radiating surface any point of type of the present invention, is by the bright back shroud height of chart
8mm, when slot number is 3, for energy converter in 12kHz-14kHz, amplitude reaches 6.5 μm.
Figure 12 is the band resulting energy converter of helicla flute cylindrical tube replaced the cylindrical tube of not trough of belt in the embodiment of the present invention 2
The displacement diagram at ontology radiating surface any point, bright by chart, for energy converter in 44kHz-46kHz, amplitude reaches 4 μm.
By gained displacement diagram it follows that the present invention is when back shroud is 8mm, mode of oscillation is pure, and displacement is bigger, with biography
Frequency of the system without helicla flute cylindrical tube is compared, and the cylindrical tube frequency with helicla flute is very low.
Below by way of specific embodiment the present invention will be described book
l1=0.002m, l2=0.002m, l3=0.008m, piezoelectric ceramics the piece number p=4
A=0.0025m, b=0.007m, H=0.029m, h=0.024m, number of active coils N=1
R=0.0012m, R=r+a,
Wherein 1 some materials are aluminium:
E1=E2=7 × 1010Pa,ρ1=ρ2=2700kg/m3,
G=2.6 × 1010pa
101 areas103 area s2=π (r+a)2=4.3008 ×
10-5m2
2 some materials are PZT-4:
ρ0=7500kg/m3,d33=2.89 × 10-10C/N,
s0=π (r+a)2=4.3008 × 10-5m2
3 some materials are steel:
E3=2.05 × 1011pa,ρ3=7850kg/m3, s3=π (r+a)2=4.3008 × 10-5m2,
Bringing above-mentioned material parameter and transducer dimensions into formula can obtain:
z11=z12=j*259.2465*tan (1.234 × 10-6f)
K=2.3851 × 107N/m, V=6.0292 × 10-7m3, m=0.0016kg
Mm=5.4263 × 10-4kg
z21=z22=j*591.2678*tan (1.234 × 10-6f)
zp1=zp2=j*946.0587tan (8.5691 × 10-6f)
z31=z32=j*1.7253 × 103tan(4.9181×10-6f)
Above-mentioned formula is brought into the whole equivalent resistance Z of energy converter, the relational expression of Z and f can be obtained, by admittance Y and impedance Z
Relationship Y=1/Z can obtain the relational expression of Y and f, the range for assigning frequency f is 10kHz to 20kHz, and step-length 50kHz can be obtained
The relational graph of transducer frequency and admittance.It can be obtained from the figure that the frequency corresponding when Y maximum is resonance frequency.
The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be said that
A specific embodiment of the invention is only limitted to this, for those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, is not taking off
Under the premise of from present inventive concept, several simple deduction or replace can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to the present invention by institute
Claims of submission determine scope of patent protection.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of small size large amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducer, it is characterised in that: including band helicla flute cylindrical tube (1), after
Cover board (3), both ends prestressing force screw rod (4) and multiple piezoelectric ceramic rings (6) with nut；
Band helicla flute cylindrical tube (1), each piezoelectric ceramic ring (6) and back shroud (3) are by through with helicla flute cylindrical tube (1), more
The prestressing force screw rod (4) with bottom nut of a piezoelectric ceramic ring (6) and back shroud (3) is fixed, multiple piezoelectric ceramics circles
Ring (6) polarization direction is identical, is radial polarization, and each piezoelectric ceramics annulus (6) side connects positive wire (5), the other side
It connects negative wire (2), opens up a plurality of helicla flute (7) equidistantly circumferentially arranged with helicla flute cylindrical tube (1) surface；
Helicla flute (7) parameter obtains according to the following formula:
Equivalent impedanceFrequencies omega=2 π f
Therefore
Enable Zm→ 0, then resonance frequency be
Wherein,M=ρ V,
R=r+a；
Wherein, N is active spring coils number, and H is spring section height, and r is cylinder bore, and D is cylindrical tube central diameter, and R is cylinder
Pipe outside diameter, h are spring screw pitch, and G is shear modulus, and a is the length of spring, and b is the width of spring, l1Spring section is removed for cylindrical tube
The length at both ends.
2. small size large amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: each helicla flute
(7) circle number is 1 circle.
3. small size large amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: pressed including four
Electroceramics annulus (6), band helicla flute cylindrical tube (1) surface open up 3 helicla flutes (7), and back shroud is with a thickness of 2mm.
4. small size large amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: band helicla flute circle
Column tube (1) surface opens up 4 helicla flutes (7), and back shroud is with a thickness of 8mm.
5. small size large amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducer according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that: band spiral
The cylindrical tube (1) of slot, which is adopted, to be formed from aluminium.
6. small size large amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducer according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that: back shroud
(3) it adopts and is made of a steel.
7. small size large amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducer according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that: piezoelectricity pottery
Porcelain annulus (6) is made of PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramics.
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| CN201710707910.7A CN107509149B (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2017-08-17 | A kind of small size large amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducer |
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| CN201710707910.7A CN107509149B (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2017-08-17 | A kind of small size large amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducer |
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| CN107509149B true CN107509149B (en) | 2019-10-08 |
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| CN110280194B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-09-14 | 陕西师范大学 | Non-contact liquid ultrasonic suspension reaction device and liquid non-contact reaction method |
| CN110411997B (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2021-09-14 | 西安电子科技大学 | Real-time ultrasonic micro-reaction fluorescence detection device and fluorescence detection method |
| CN111551243B (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2023-05-23 | 天津大学 | Working frequency expansion method of resonant cavity hydrophone |
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