CN107509149A - A kind of small size large amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducer - Google Patents
A kind of small size large amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducer Download PDFInfo
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- CN107509149A CN107509149A CN201710707910.7A CN201710707910A CN107509149A CN 107509149 A CN107509149 A CN 107509149A CN 201710707910 A CN201710707910 A CN 201710707910A CN 107509149 A CN107509149 A CN 107509149A
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005520 electrodynamics Effects 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of small size large amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducer, including band helicla flute cylindrical tube, back shroud, prestressing force screw rod and piezoelectric ceramic ring of the both ends with nut, the band helicla flute cylindrical tube set gradually, piezoelectric ceramics annulus and back shroud, three is connected by a prestressing force screw rod, transducer is under the excitation of applied voltage signal, transducer is caused to do extensional vibration and the outwards energy of radiative acoustic wave, transducer forms excitation by axially aligned form of piezoelectric ceramic ring of multigroup identical size, drive the vibration of the cylindrical tube with helicla flute, realize the increase of transducer face amplitude, by adjusting with the groove width in helicla flute cylindrical tube, the bar number of groove and the internal-and external diameter of aluminum pipe, control the displacement amplitude of overall characteristic frequency and body surface, realize the low frequency small size big displacement of transducer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy conversion device, in particular to a small-size large-amplitude coil spring low-frequency energy converter.
Background
With the application and development of the transducer after the 20 th century, researchers have made transducers meeting the needs by changing the materials and shapes of the transducers and the modes thereof. Due to the increasing number of materials and methods, transducers are beginning to develop in low frequency and small size.
Nowadays, three methods are mainly adopted for realizing low frequency: 1. using low frequency modes, 2, using liquid cavity resonance, e.g. helmholtz transducers, 3, using electrodynamic, e.g. very low frequency electrodynamic sound source studied by harbin university of engineering, etc. Although the three transducers studied achieve low frequencies, they have the disadvantage of being too large and in some cases inconvenient to use.
For the purpose of increasing the amplitude of the transducer surface, it is common to employ: 1. adding an amplitude transformer on the front surface of the transducer; 2. the input power is increased. However, the former increases the overall size of the transducer, and the latter increases the input power of the entire transducer, which is not improved. Therefore, low-frequency transducers with small volume and large amplitude are the focus of research.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems of the existing tools, the invention aims to provide a small-size large-amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducer, which uses a cylindrical tube with a helical groove to achieve the purposes of low frequency, small volume, amplitude increase and low frequency, small size and large amplitude.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
a small-size large-amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducer comprises a cylindrical tube with a helical groove, a rear cover plate, a prestressed screw rod with screw caps at two ends and a piezoelectric ceramic ring;
take helicla flute cylinder pipe, a plurality of piezoceramics ring and back shroud by running through the prestressing force screw rod of taking the bottom nut of helicla flute cylinder pipe, a plurality of piezoceramics ring and back shroud and compress tightly fixedly, a plurality of piezoceramics ring polarization directions are the same, are axial polarization, and anodal lead wire is connected to a plurality of piezoceramics ring one side, and negative pole lead wire is connected to the opposite side, takes the helicla flute cylinder pipe surface to set up many equidistant helicla flutes along the circumference range.
Furthermore, the number of turns of each spiral groove is 1 turn.
Further, the piezoelectric ceramic ring comprises four piezoelectric ceramic rings, 3 spiral grooves are formed in the surface of the cylindrical pipe with the spiral grooves, and the thickness of the rear cover plate is 2 mm.
Furthermore, 3 spiral grooves are formed in the surface of the cylindrical pipe with the spiral grooves, and the thickness of the rear cover plate is 8 mm.
Further, the cylindrical pipe with the spiral groove is made of aluminum.
Further, the rear cover plate is made of steel.
Furthermore, the piezoelectric ceramic ring is made of PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramic.
The invention relates to a small-size large-amplitude helical spring low-frequency transducer, which comprises a cylindrical tube with a helical groove, a rear cover plate, a prestressed screw rod with screw caps at two ends, a piezoelectric ceramic ring, a cylindrical tube with a helical groove, a piezoelectric ceramic ring and a rear cover plate which are sequentially arranged, wherein the prestressed screw rod, the piezoelectric ceramic ring and the rear cover plate are connected through one prestressed screw rod.
The invention uses a cylindrical pipe with spiral grooves, wherein a plurality of spiral grooves which are arranged at equal intervals are arranged on the surface of the traditional cylindrical pipe, the specific proportion and size are obtained according to calculation, a traditional cylindrical pipe front cover plate is established according to the height and the inner and outer radiuses obtained by a formula, grooves are carved according to the obtained thread pitch and the groove width, and the required groove number and the required arrangement interval are obtained through circumferential arrangement. After grooving, the remaining part of the cylindrical tube can be equivalent to mass blocks at two ends to clamp a plurality of springs with rectangular cross sections in parallel, grooving is carried out on the basis of a traditional cylindrical tube front cover plate, the size is reduced, the amplitude is increased, and the frequency is also reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of a helical groove-like spring cylindrical tube of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the parts of the spiral groove cylindrical tube and the equivalent circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3-1 is an exploded view of portions of the present invention;
3-2 is an overall equivalent circuit diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an admittance chart obtained from an equivalent circuit when the back cover plate is 8mm
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a left side view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a left side view of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a left side view of embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the displacement of any point on the radiation surface of the transducer body according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the displacement of any point on the radiation surface of the transducer body according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph comparing displacement diagrams of any point on the radiation surface of the transducer body in example 2 of the present invention
FIG. 12 is a graph showing the displacement of a cylindrical tube without grooves at any point on the radiant surface after replacing the spiral tube of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-cylindrical tube with spiral groove, 2-negative pole lead, 3-back cover plate, 4-prestressed screw with screw cap at two ends, 5-positive pole lead, 6-piezoelectric ceramic ring, 7-spiral groove.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail and fully with reference to the following examples, and it should be understood that the described examples are only a part of the examples of the present invention, and not all of the examples. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, the frequency of the front cover plate of the conventional unslotted cylindrical tube with the same size reaches about 40kHz, while the frequency of the grooved cylindrical tube of the present invention is as low as about 15kHz, and the frequency reduction amplitude is obvious. Compared with other transducers, the transducer has the advantages of small size, common used elements, low price, easy molding, simple integral structure and manufacturing process and low cost.
The invention uses the method of equivalent circuit to calculate the proportion and size of the equivalent circuit to reach a specific frequency. Wherein the spiral grooved cylindrical tube portion and the overall circuit are referenced in fig. 2-3.
m＝ρv，
R＝2(r01+a)
Wherein N is the effective number of turns of the spring, H is the height of the spring part, R01 is the inner diameter of the cylindrical pipe, D is the middle diameter of the cylindrical pipe, R is the outer diameter of the cylindrical pipe, H is the pitch of the spring, G is the shear modulus, a is the length of the spring, and b is the width of the spring.
As shown in fig. 3-1 and 3-2, section 1 in the figure is a spiral groove cylindrical tube, section 2 is a piezoelectric ceramic stack, section 3 is a rear cover plate, and section 4 is a prestressed screw rod;
for part 1 there are:
101 and 103 correspond to the two end parts of the spiral-grooved cylindrical tube except the spring part, and are respectively marked as z11, z12, z13 and z21, z22 and z 23; 102 corresponds to the spring portion, marked Cm,Mm。
Part 101:
part 102:
R＝r+a,H＝h+x+2l1,h＝3(x+b)
K＝3k
m＝ρV，
wherein N is the effective number of turns of the spring, and H is the spring partHeight division, R is the inner diameter of the cylindrical pipe, D is the middle diameter of the cylindrical pipe, R is the outer diameter of the cylindrical pipe, h is the pitch of the spring, G is the shear modulus, a is the length of the spring, b is the width of the spring, x is the width of the groove, l1The length of the cylindrical tube excluding both ends of the spring portion,
part 103:
the corresponding 2 is a piezoelectric ceramic stack:
wherein l2Is the thickness of each ceramic plate.
Correspond 3 back shroud:
wherein l3Is the thickness of the back cover plate.
The corresponding example 2 is shown in fig. 4 as a whole:
ω＝2πf
z is the equivalent impedance of the transducer as a whole.
Since the admittance Y has Y as 1/z, when z → 0, Y has the maximum value, the obtained frequency is the resonance frequency of the whole transducer.
Referring to fig. 5-6, the low-frequency small-size large-amplitude coil spring transducer of this embodiment 1 includes a cylindrical tube 1 with a spiral groove, a negative electrode lead 2, a 2mm back cover plate 3, a prestressed screw rod 4 with nuts at both ends, a positive electrode lead 5, a piezoelectric ceramic ring 6, 3 spiral grooves 7 arranged at equal intervals along the circumference, and the back cover plate has a thickness of 2 mm. The effective number of turns of the grooves on the cylindrical pipe is 1 turn, and the grooves are 3 grooves which are circumferentially arranged at equal intervals.
The polarization directions of the four piezoelectric ceramic circular rings 6 are the same and are longitudinal directions, one sides of the four piezoelectric ceramic circular rings 6 are connected with an anode lead 5, the other sides of the four piezoelectric ceramic circular rings are connected with a cathode lead 3, the four piezoelectric ceramic circular pipes pressed together are tightly pressed through the cylindrical pipe 1 with the spiral groove and the rear cover plate 3, and the four piezoelectric ceramic circular pipes are fixed by a screw rod 4 which penetrates through the four piezoelectric ceramic circular rings 6, the cylindrical pipe 1 with the spiral groove and the bottom nut of the rear cover plate 3 and is added with prestress. The transducer is excited by an external voltage signal to cause the transducer to vibrate longitudinally and radiate the energy of sound waves outwards, and the characteristic frequency of the whole body and the displacement amplitude of the surface of the body are controlled by adjusting the groove width, the number of grooves and the inner and outer diameters of the aluminum pipe on the cylindrical pipe with the spiral groove, so that the low-frequency small-size large displacement of the transducer is realized.
The cylindrical pipe 1 with the spiral groove is made of aluminum, the rear cover plate 3 is made of steel, and the four piezoelectric ceramic rings 6 are made of PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramic.
Referring to fig. 7, the back cover plate thickness of the low frequency small-sized large amplitude coil spring transducer of this embodiment 2 is 8 mm.
Referring to fig. 8, the low frequency small-sized large amplitude coil spring transducer of this embodiment 3 includes 4 spiral grooves 7 arranged at equal intervals in the circumference.
The resonance frequency of the small-size large-amplitude low-frequency spiral spring transducer is controlled by four piezoelectric ceramic rings, and the amplitude can be changed by adjusting the groove width of the cylindrical tube with the spiral groove, the number of the grooves and the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the tube to achieve the required amplitude.
The principle of the invention for realizing low frequency, small size and large amplitude of the transducer is as follows: a piezoelectric ceramic ring is used as excitation, and a cylindrical tube with a spiral groove and a rear cover plate are respectively arranged at two ends of the piezoelectric ceramic ring. The amplitude of the amplitude surface of the transducer is changed by adjusting the groove width of the cylindrical pipe with the spiral groove, the number of the grooves and the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the aluminum pipe, so that the low-frequency small-size large amplitude is realized.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the displacement of any point on the radiation surface of the transducer body of the present invention, showing that the amplitude of the transducer reaches 0.4 μm within 12kHz-14kHz when the height of the back cover is 2 mm.
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the displacement of any point on the radiation surface of the transducer body according to the present invention, wherein the amplitude of the transducer is 0.2 μm within 11kHz-12kHz when the height of the back cover is 8mm and the number of slots is 4.
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the displacement of any point on the radiation surface of the transducer body of the present invention, wherein the amplitude of the transducer is 6.5 μm within 12kHz-14kHz when the height of the back cover is 8mm and the number of slots is 3.
FIG. 12 is a graph showing the displacement of the transducer body at any point on the radiation surface, obtained by replacing a cylindrical tube with no slots with a cylindrical tube with helical slots in example 2 of the present invention, showing that the transducer has an amplitude of 4 μm within the range of 44kHz to 46 kHz.
From the resulting displacement map it can be derived: when the rear cover plate is 8mm, the vibration mode is pure, the displacement is larger, and compared with the frequency of the traditional cylindrical pipe without the spiral groove, the frequency of the cylindrical pipe with the spiral groove is very low.
The invention is illustrated by the following specific examples
l1＝0.002m,l2＝0.002m,l30.008m, 4m for the number p of piezoelectric ceramic pieces
0.0025m for a, 0.007m for b, 0.029m for H, 0.024m for H, and 1 for N
r＝0.0012m,R＝r+a,
Wherein 1 part of materials are aluminum:
E1＝E2＝7×1010Pa,ρ1＝ρ2＝2700kg/m3,
G＝2.6×1010pa
101 partial area103 partial area s2＝π(r+a)2＝4.3008×10-5m2
2, the material of part 2 is PZT-4:
ρ0＝7500kg/m3，d33＝2.89×10-10C/N,
s0＝π(r+a)2＝4.3008×10-5m2
and 3, parts of materials are steel:
E3＝2.05×1011pa,ρ3＝7850kg/m3，s3＝π(r+a)2＝4.3008×10-5m2,
substituting the above material parameters and transducer dimensions into the formula yields:
z11＝z12＝j*259.2465*tan(1.234×10-6f)
K＝2.3851×107N/m,V＝6.0292×10-7m3,m＝0.0016kg
Mm＝5.4263×10-4kg
z21＝z22＝j*591.2678*tan(1.234×10-6f)
zp1＝zp2＝j*946.0587tan(8.5691×10-6f)
z31＝z32＝j*1.7253×103tan(4.9181×10-6f)
the relation between Z and f can be obtained by substituting the formula into the integral equivalent resistance Z of the transducer, the relation between Y and f can be obtained by setting the relation Y between admittance Y and impedance Z to 1/Z, the frequency f is given to range from 10kHz to 20kHz, the step length is 50kHz, and the relation graph between the transducer frequency and admittance can be obtained. As can be seen from the figure, the frequency corresponding to the time when Y is maximum is the resonant frequency.
While the invention has been described in further detail with reference to specific preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a big amplitude coil spring low frequency transducer of small-size which characterized in that: the piezoelectric ceramic tube comprises a cylindrical tube (1) with a spiral groove, a rear cover plate (3), a prestressed screw (4) with screw caps at two ends and a plurality of groups of piezoelectric ceramic rings (6);
the piezoelectric ceramic ring type solar cell comprises a cylindrical tube (1) with a spiral groove, a plurality of groups of piezoelectric ceramic rings (6) and a rear cover plate (3), wherein the piezoelectric ceramic rings (6) and the rear cover plate (3) are pressed and fixed by a prestressed screw (4) which penetrates through the cylindrical tube (1) with the spiral groove, the piezoelectric ceramic rings (6) and the rear cover plate (3) and is provided with a nut at the bottom, the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic rings (6) have the same polarization direction and are axially polarized, one side of each piezoelectric ceramic ring (6) is connected with an anode lead (5), the other side of each piezoelectric ceramic ring is connected with a cathode lead (2), and the surface of the cylindrical tube (1) with the;
the parameters of the spiral groove (7) are obtained according to the following formula:
equivalent impedanceFrequency ω 2 pi f
Thus, it is possible to provide
<mrow> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>&pi;fM</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mi>k</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>&pi;</mi> <mi>f</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow>
Let Zm→ 0, the resonance frequency is
Wherein,m＝ρV， R＝r+a；
wherein N is the effective number of turns of the spring, H is the height of the spring part, R is the inner diameter of the cylindrical pipe, D is the middle diameter of the cylindrical pipe, and R is the outer diameter of the cylindrical pipeH is the spring pitch, G is the shear modulus, a is the length of the spring, b is the width of the spring, l1The length of the spring portion is removed for the cylindrical tube.
2. The small-size large-amplitude coil spring low-frequency transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of turns of each spiral groove (7) is 1 turn.
3. The small-size large-amplitude coil spring low-frequency transducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the piezoelectric ceramic cylindrical tube comprises four piezoelectric ceramic rings (6), wherein 3 spiral grooves (7) are formed in the surface of the cylindrical tube (1) with the spiral grooves, and the thickness of a rear cover plate is 2 mm.
4. The small-size large-amplitude coil spring low-frequency transducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the surface of the cylindrical pipe (1) with the spiral groove is provided with 4 spiral grooves (7), and the thickness of the rear cover plate is 8 mm.
5. The small-sized large-amplitude coil spring low-frequency transducer according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the cylindrical pipe (1) with the spiral groove is made of aluminum.
6. The small-sized large-amplitude coil spring low-frequency transducer according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the rear cover plate (3) is made of steel.
7. The small-sized large-amplitude coil spring low-frequency transducer according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the piezoelectric ceramic ring (6) is made of PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramic.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN110092439A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-08-06 | 陕西师范大学 | Compact scroll acoustic beam generator and vortex acoustic beam particle manipulation method |
| CN110280194A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-27 | 陕西师范大学 | A kind of non-contact liquid ultrasound suspending reaction unit and the contactless reaction method of liquid |
| CN110411997A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-05 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of micro- reaction fluorescence detection device of real-time ultrasound and fluorescence detection method |
| CN111551243A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-18 | 天津大学 | Working frequency expanding method for resonance cavity hydrophone |
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| CN110280194A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-27 | 陕西师范大学 | A kind of non-contact liquid ultrasound suspending reaction unit and the contactless reaction method of liquid |
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| CN110411997A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-05 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of micro- reaction fluorescence detection device of real-time ultrasound and fluorescence detection method |
| CN110411997B (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2021-09-14 | 西安电子科技大学 | Real-time ultrasonic micro-reaction fluorescence detection device and fluorescence detection method |
| CN111551243A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-18 | 天津大学 | Working frequency expanding method for resonance cavity hydrophone |
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