CN107503320B - Hydraulic model test reservoir bank slope gradient control device and method - Google Patents
Hydraulic model test reservoir bank slope gradient control device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107503320B CN107503320B CN201710900073.XA CN201710900073A CN107503320B CN 107503320 B CN107503320 B CN 107503320B CN 201710900073 A CN201710900073 A CN 201710900073A CN 107503320 B CN107503320 B CN 107503320B
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- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bank slope gradient control device and method for a hydraulic model test reservoir, which comprises a multidirectional movable frame and a control device; the multi-azimuth movable frame comprises a right-angle rod piece with one end capable of being fixed, the other end of the right-angle rod piece is connected with a first control box, and the first control box controls the first rod piece engaged with the first control box to move longitudinally along the water tank; the front end of the first rod piece is connected with a second control box, the second control box controls a second rod piece engaged with the second control box to move transversely along the water tank, and the second rod piece is vertical to the first rod piece; a third control box is fixed at the front end of the second rod piece and controls the vertical movement of the third rod piece which is engaged and connected with the third control box and is vertical to the bottom surface of the water tank; a measuring pin used for polishing more soil on the slope of the soil slope is arranged at the bottom end of the third rod piece; the first control box, the second control box and the third control box are connected with an operation and control device, and the operation and control device is used for inputting parameters and controlling the movement of the multi-azimuth movable frame.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydraulic model test mechanical control, in particular to a hydraulic model test reservoir bank slope gradient control device and method.
Background
In the construction of water conservancy projects, in order to prejudge the stability of dam bodies of earth and rockfill dams and bank slopes under different wave scouring conditions, a small scale model meeting a similar law is generally adopted to test in a water tank, required data (including wave force, wave climbing and the like) are measured, and then the measured data are restored into a prototype according to the similar law. Building an earth-rock dam model in a glass aqueduct, firstly drawing contour lines (including a side slope and a dam top) of a dam body on side walls on two sides of the aqueduct on the basis of the bottom of the aqueduct, then piling soil bodies into the glass aqueduct and manually tamping according to the contour lines on the side walls of the aqueduct, observing whether the soil bodies are flat and whether the soil bodies reach a preset inclination degree by naked eyes in the process, and then using a shovel or other trowelling tools for adjustment. Because the dam crest is horizontal, the dam crest can be leveled according to the contour lines of the dam crest of the side walls at the two sides of the aqueduct; however, because the side slope on the upstream face of the dam body is an inclined slope, manual control of the slope of the side slope in the building is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and meanwhile, visual observation and judgment are difficult to control the inclination of the whole slope and the smoothness of the whole slope, so that asymmetry of the slopes on two sides of the axis of the upstream face of the dam body is easily caused, the accuracy and the reliability of hydraulic conditions of the whole slope are difficult to guarantee, and larger errors exist. Therefore, a device capable of controlling the slope gradient according to the preset degree needs to be provided, and the accuracy of the test is ensured.
The existing leveling device can be applied to the construction process of a large earth-rock dam, is mainly applied to a leveling device, adopts large mechanical equipment for slope control, and cannot be well applied to a model test reduced according to a certain scale. Therefore, a device suitable for use under such conditions has been desired to solve the above-described problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a bank slope gradient control device and method for a hydraulic model test reservoir, which can effectively realize the control of the slope gradient of the model slope and solve the problems.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a hydraulic model test reservoir bank slope gradient control device comprises a multi-azimuth movable frame and a control device; the multi-azimuth movable frame comprises a right-angle rod piece with one end capable of being fixed, the other end of the right-angle rod piece is connected with a first control box, and the first control box controls the first rod piece engaged with the first control box to move longitudinally along the water tank; the front end of the first rod piece is connected with a second control box, the second control box controls a second rod piece engaged with the second control box to move transversely along the water tank, and the second rod piece is vertical to the first rod piece; a third control box is fixed at the front end of the second rod piece and controls the vertical movement of the third rod piece which is engaged and connected with the third control box and is vertical to the bottom surface of the water tank; the bottom end of the third rod piece is provided with a measuring probe used for polishing more soil on the slope of the soil slope; the first control box, the second control box and the third control box are communicated with an operation and control device, and the operation and control device is used for inputting parameters and controlling the movement of the multi-direction movable frame.
Furthermore, the first rod piece, the second rod piece and the third rod piece are rectangular rod pieces, gear teeth are arranged on two opposite side faces of each rectangular rod piece and are of saw-toothed structures, and the gear teeth are meshed with the gears in the corresponding control boxes respectively to realize meshing transmission.
Furthermore, the first control box, the second control box and the third control box have the same structure and respectively comprise two stepping motors, two gears and four constraint bearings; the two stepping motors respectively drive the two gears to rotate, and the two gears are respectively meshed with gear teeth of the first rod piece, the second rod piece or the third rod piece; two constraint bearings are arranged at the top of the first rod piece or the second rod piece or the third rod piece through a bracket, and the other two constraint bearings are arranged at the bottom of the first rod piece or the second rod piece or the third rod piece through a bracket; the four constraint bearings ensure that the first rod piece, the second rod piece and the third rod piece move along a set direction to prevent the rod pieces from inclining; and the central lines of the two gears and the corresponding rod pieces are positioned on the same horizontal plane.
Furthermore, a single chip microcomputer and a power supply for supplying power to the single chip microcomputer are arranged in the control device, the multidirectional movable frame moves by receiving an instruction from the control device, and the control device is used for inputting parameters and controlling the multidirectional movable frame to move.
Furthermore, the bottom end of the fixing rod piece is provided with a clamping groove and a bolt, the clamping groove is embedded in the wall of the glass transition groove, and screws are screwed to achieve the purpose of fixing the whole device.
Furthermore, a level gauge is arranged at the top end of the first control box, and whether the whole device is erected horizontally or not is judged by observing bubbles of the level gauge in the center of the circle.
Furthermore, the three control boxes are connected with a singlechip in the control device through leads to realize the input of the mobile signals. And the stepping motor in the control box is respectively connected with a power supply in the control device to realize the input of electric energy. The power supply is also connected with the singlechip and provides electric energy for the input and output of signals.
Furthermore, the control device is provided with a display screen, an input key area, an on-off key and a closing key; the display screen is used for displaying input parameters, and the input key area is used for inputting parameters.
Furthermore, the control device is provided with a control box direction control area, and three groups of buttons are arranged in the control box direction control area and used for manually adjusting the three groups of buttons before soil body grinding, so that the measuring needle is moved to a required basic reference point. One of the keys is associated with the first control box to move the first rod along the side wall of the aqueduct, one key is associated with the second control box to move the second rod along the cross section of the aqueduct, and one key is associated with the third control box to move the third rod along the vertical direction.
The specific control method of the invention is as follows:
fixing the whole device on one side of the side wall of the water tank, and observing a level meter by adjusting a clamping groove and a screw to enable the whole device to be in a horizontal state;
secondly, manually adjusting and controlling the corresponding control box through the control device so as to control the corresponding rod piece to move, and enabling the tip of the measuring probe to just reach a basic reference point A of the dam crest through the movement; inputting the width of a water tank, the slope required to be controlled by the dam slope of the earth-rock dam and the length of the horizontal projection of the dam slope in an input keyboard area by taking the point A as a datum point; inputting the horizontal moving direction of polishing and the extending direction of the dam body slope along the aqueduct to determine the trend of the device when polishing and leveling; inputting the number of times of back-and-forth polishing, and controlling the descending rate of the measuring pin along the slope surface when the measuring pin polishes the slope surface according to the input control parameters of the whole polishing by the instrument so as to ensure the polishing uniformity of the whole slope surface;
thirdly, when the input of the control parameters and the polishing and flattening direction is finished, clicking an enter keyboard area confirmation key, moving the device to the other side wall, and then descending a small distance along the inclined plane along the slope surface inclination direction according to the descending speed to polish the wall;
after the probe is polished and leveled, the multi-azimuth movable frame stops moving, and loose fine soil polished on the slope surface is cleaned by using a cleaning tool.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: it is domatic to polish hydraulic model experiment earth slope through control machinery to make domatic level and smooth and be in same control panel, solved artifical control side slope and wasted time and energy, the problem that the whole domatic gradient of visual observation judgement is difficult to control and whole domatic planarization, make the domatic symmetry of dam body upstream face axis both sides through controlling means, and then guarantee the accuracy and the reliability of whole domatic hydraulic condition, reduced because the error that the model defect brought.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1: a hydraulic model test reservoir bank slope gradient control device and method structure chart;
FIG. 2: the control device is connected with the control schematic diagram;
FIG. 3: a top view of the structure inside the engaging rod 9 and the control box 8;
FIG. 4: the vertical engaging rod 9 and the control box 8 are schematically constructed;
FIG. 5: the structure of the horizontal engaging rod 5 (or 7) and the control box is shown schematically;
FIG. 6: an interface schematic diagram of a control device;
FIG. 7: determining a schematic diagram of a basic reference point;
FIG. 8: the device movement direction schematic diagram;
FIG. 9: a schematic diagram of a probe trajectory;
in the figure: the device comprises a supporting rod piece 1, a clamping groove and a bolt 2, a level meter 3, a control box 4, a meshing rod piece 5, a control box 6, a meshing rod piece 7, a control box 8, a meshing rod piece 9, a measuring pin 10, an aqueduct side wall 11, a constraint bearing 12, a gear 13, a stepping motor 14, a singlechip 15, a power supply 16, a remote control box 17, a display screen B0, an input keyboard B1, a key of a device B2, a direction key of the device B3, a direction key of the control box B4, a direction key of the control box B5 and a key of the device B6.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As indicated in the background section, the existing leveling device is used in the construction process of large earth-rock dams, and is mainly used in land leveling devices, and the slope control adopts large mechanical equipment, so that the existing leveling device cannot be well applied to model tests reduced according to a certain scale. Therefore, a device suitable for the condition is needed to solve the problem, and the application provides a hydraulic model test reservoir bank slope gradient control device and method, which can effectively realize the control of the model slope gradient and solve the problem.
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, the bank slope gradient control device for the hydraulic model test reservoir comprises a multi-azimuth movable frame and a control device. A right-angle rod 1 which can be longitudinally used for fixing is arranged in the multi-azimuth movable frame, a control box 4 is fixed at the upper end of the rod, and the rod 5 which is engaged with the control box can move along the longitudinal direction of the water tank; the front end of the rod piece 5 is fixedly provided with a control box 6 which can realize the transverse movement of the rod piece 7 engaged with the control box along the water tank, and the front end of the rod piece 7 is fixedly provided with a control box 8 which can realize the vertical movement of the engaging rod piece 9 vertical to the bottom surface of the water tank. The bottom end of the meshing rod piece 9 is provided with a measuring probe 10 used for polishing the soil mass on the slope of the soil slope. The control box is internally provided with a stepping motor 14, a gear 13 and a constraint bearing 12. The control device 17 is internally provided with a singlechip 15 and a power supply 16, the multi-directional movable frame moves by receiving an instruction from the control device 17, and the control device is used for inputting parameters and controlling the multi-directional movable frame to move.
The bottom end of the fixed rod piece 1 is provided with a clamping groove and a bolt, the clamping groove is embedded in the wall of the glass transition groove, and the glass transition groove is screwed by a screw nail, so that the purpose of fixing the whole device is achieved. 4 tops of control box are equipped with surveyor's level 3, judge whether the level is erect to whole device through observing the surveyor's level bubble at the circle center.
The two sides of the meshing rod pieces 5, 7 and 9 are of sawtooth structures and are meshed with the gears in the corresponding control boxes respectively, so that meshing transmission is realized.
Furthermore, two stepping motors are arranged in the control box 4, two gears meshed with the rod pieces 5 are fixed at the top ends of the motors, and the central lines of the two gears and the rod pieces are located on the same horizontal plane. Four constraint bearings 12 are simultaneously arranged in the control box 4 and distributed at the upper and lower sides of the rod 5 to prevent the rod from inclining.
Furthermore, two stepping motors are arranged in a control box 6 at the bottom end of the rod piece 5, two gears meshed with the rod piece 7 are fixed at the top ends of the motors, and the central lines of the two gears and the rod piece are positioned on the same horizontal plane. Four constraint bearings 12 are arranged in the control box 6 and distributed on the upper side and the lower side of the rod 7 to prevent the rod from inclining.
Furthermore, two stepping motors are arranged in the control box at the bottom end of the rod piece 7, two gears meshed with the rod piece 9 are fixed at the bottom ends of the motors, and the central lines of the two gears and the rod piece are positioned on the same vertical plane. Four restraining bearings 12 are simultaneously arranged in the control box 8 and distributed on the front side and the rear side of the rod 9 to prevent the rod from inclining left and right.
The bottom end of the rod piece 9 is provided with a measuring needle 10 so as to conveniently polish the uneven slope surface.
A singlechip 15 and a power supply 16 are arranged in the control device 17; the three control boxes 4, 6 and 8 are all connected with a singlechip in the control device 17 through leads to realize the input of mobile signals. The stepping motors 14 in the control box are respectively connected with a power supply 16 in an operation device 17 to realize the input of electric energy. The power supply is also connected with the singlechip and provides electric energy for the input and output of signals.
The control device is provided with a display screen B0 for displaying input parameters, an input key area B1 for inputting parameters, an on-off key B2 and an off key B6.
Furthermore, the direction control area of the rod control box is provided with B3, B4 and B5 components for manually adjusting the three groups of buttons before soil body grinding, and the measuring needle is moved to a required basic reference point. The B3 key association control box 4 moves the rod 5 in the direction of the aqueduct side wall, the B4 key association control box 6 moves the rod 7 in the direction of the cross section of the aqueduct, and the B5 key association control box 8 moves the rod 9 in the vertical direction.
The specific control method is as follows:
before the test device starts to operate, a dam body is built in the glass aqueduct by utilizing a soil body along the control line drawn on the glass wall surface, as shown in fig. 7, a tamping line L2 of the built soil body is required to be higher than a control line L1 required by the test, and the part between the tamping line and the control line L1 is the soil body required to be polished.
In the first step, as shown in fig. 1, the whole device is fixed on one side of the side wall 11 of the water tank, and the level 3 is observed by adjusting the clamping groove and the screw 2, so that the whole device is in a horizontal state.
And secondly, turning on a switch B2 through an operation device 17 as shown in figure 5 and manually adjusting and controlling a corresponding control box through B3, B4 and B5 to control the corresponding rod piece to move as shown in figure 6, wherein the tip of the measuring pin 10 just reaches a basic reference point A of the dam crest due to the movement, and the elevation of the dam crest is easy to control and select because the dam crest is a horizontal plane. Inputting the width B of a water tank, the gradient i required to be controlled by the dam slope of the earth-rock dam and the length d of the horizontal projection of the dam slope in a B1 input keyboard area by taking the point A as a datum point; inputting the horizontal moving direction (A → C) of the grinding and the extending direction (A → B) of the dam body slope surface along the aqueduct to determine the trend of the device when the device is ground and leveled; inputting the back-and-forth grinding times T (the measuring needle reaches the other side point P2 from one side point P1 of the glass aqueduct and then returns to the starting side P3, and recording as one-time grinding), and controlling the descending rate of the measuring needle along the slope surface when the measuring needle is ground on the slope surface according to the input control parameters of the whole grinding by the instrument so as to ensure the grinding uniformity of the whole slope surface.
And thirdly, when the input of the control parameters and the polishing and flattening direction is finished, clicking a confirmation key in a B1 input keyboard area, moving the device from A to B in the moving direction as shown in figure 7, and descending a small distance along the inclined plane along the slope inclination direction according to the descending speed when the device reaches the other side wall.
After the survey pin is polished and leveled, the track is shown as the S track in fig. 9, when the multi-azimuth movable frame stops moving, as shown in fig. 7, L1 becomes loose after polishing, the nick top view of the survey pin is shown as the track in fig. 9, namely, after the device finishes the operation, the device can ensure that all the soil higher than the control line becomes loose and the top end of the survey pin is always kept on the plane where the control line L2 is positioned, thereby ensuring the leveling of the dam slope, cleaning the loose fine soil which is polished out of the slope by using a cleaning tool, and if the smooth dam slope is needed, only slightly polishing the rough slope.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A control method of a bank slope gradient control device of a hydraulic model test reservoir is characterized in that the bank slope gradient control device of the hydraulic model test reservoir comprises a multidirectional movable frame and a control device; the multi-azimuth movable frame comprises a right-angle rod piece with one end capable of being fixed, the other end of the right-angle rod piece is connected with a first control box, and the first control box controls the first rod piece engaged with the first control box to move longitudinally along the water tank; the front end of the first rod piece is connected with a second control box, the second control box controls a second rod piece engaged with the second control box to move transversely along the water tank, and the second rod piece is vertical to the first rod piece; a third control box is fixed at the front end of the second rod piece, and the third control box controls the vertical movement of the third rod piece which is engaged and connected with the third control box and is vertical to the bottom surface of the water tank; the bottom end of the third rod piece is provided with a measuring probe used for polishing more soil on the slope of the soil slope; the first control box, the second control box and the third control box are connected with an operation and control device, and the operation and control device is used for inputting parameters and controlling the movement of the multi-directional movable frame;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
fixing the whole device on one side of the side wall of the water tank, and observing a level meter by adjusting a clamping groove and a screw to enable the whole device to be in a horizontal state;
secondly, manually adjusting and controlling the corresponding control box through the control device so as to control the corresponding rod piece to move, and enabling the tip of the measuring probe to just reach a basic reference point A of the dam crest; inputting the width of a water tank, the slope required to be controlled by the dam slope of the earth-rock dam and the length of the horizontal projection of the dam slope in an input keyboard area by taking the point A as a datum point; inputting the horizontal moving direction of polishing and the extending direction of the dam body slope along the aqueduct to determine the trend of the device when polishing and leveling; inputting the number of times of back-and-forth polishing, and controlling the descending rate of the measuring pin along the slope surface when the measuring pin polishes the slope surface according to the input control parameters of the whole polishing by the instrument so as to ensure the polishing uniformity of the whole slope surface;
thirdly, when the input of the control parameters and the polishing and flattening direction is finished, clicking an enter keyboard area confirm key, moving the device to the other side wall, and then descending a small distance along the slope surface inclination direction according to the descending speed to polish the wall;
after the probe is polished and leveled, the multi-azimuth movable frame stops moving, and loose fine soil polished on the slope surface is cleaned by using a cleaning tool.
2. The method for controlling the bank slope gradient control device in the hydraulic model test library according to claim 1, wherein the first rod, the second rod and the third rod are rectangular rods, and two opposite sides of the rectangular rods are provided with gear teeth in a sawtooth structure.
3. The control method of the bank slope gradient control device of the hydraulic model test library according to claim 2, wherein the first control box, the second control box and the third control box have the same structure and respectively comprise two stepping motors, two gears and four constraint bearings; the two stepping motors respectively drive the two gears to rotate, and the two gears are respectively meshed with gear teeth of the first rod piece, the second rod piece or the third rod piece; two constraint bearings are arranged at the top of the first rod piece or the second rod piece or the third rod piece through a bracket, and the other two constraint bearings are arranged at the bottom of the first rod piece or the second rod piece or the third rod piece through a bracket; the four constraint bearings ensure that the first rod piece, the second rod piece and the third rod piece move along a set direction to prevent the rod pieces from inclining; and the central lines of the two gears and the corresponding rod pieces are positioned on the same horizontal plane.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller is provided with a single chip microcomputer and a power supply for supplying power to the single chip microcomputer, the multi-directional movable frame moves by receiving instructions from the controller, and the controller is used for inputting parameters and controlling the multi-directional movable frame to move.
5. The method for controlling the bank slope gradient control device in the hydraulic model test bank as claimed in claim 4, wherein the stepping motors in the first control box, the second control box and the third control box are all connected with a singlechip in the control device through leads so as to realize the input of the movement signals.
6. The method for controlling the bank slope gradient control device of the hydraulic model test library according to claim 1, wherein a clamping groove and a bolt are arranged at the bottom end of the right-angle rod piece, the clamping groove is nested on the wall of the glass transition groove, and screws are used for screwing, so that the whole device is fixed.
7. The method for controlling the bank slope gradient control device of the hydraulic model test reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein a level gauge is arranged at the top end of the first control box, and whether the whole device is erected horizontally is judged by observing that bubbles of the level gauge are in the center of a circle.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control device has a display screen, an input button area, an on-off button and an off button, the display screen is used for displaying the input parameters, and the input button area is used for inputting the parameters.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the control device further comprises a control box direction control area, and three sets of buttons are provided in the control box direction control area to move the stylus to a desired base reference point.
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| CN101906788A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2010-12-08 | 清华大学 | Device for simulating centrifugal field slope excavating condition |
| CN102778890A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2012-11-14 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Four-axis full-electric-driving geotechnical centrifugal robot |
| CN204287177U (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-22 | 山西省交通科学研究院 | A kind of soil-slope model test excavating device |
| CN207193873U (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-04-06 | 山东大学 | A kind of hydraulic model test reservoir stability slope control device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100567662C (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2009-12-09 | 上海市第二市政工程有限公司 | Automatic excavation and construction device for deep foundation ditch |
| US20120102659A1 (en) * | 2010-10-30 | 2012-05-03 | John Paul Ingham | Distance And Incline Measuring Tools |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101906788A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2010-12-08 | 清华大学 | Device for simulating centrifugal field slope excavating condition |
| CN102778890A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2012-11-14 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Four-axis full-electric-driving geotechnical centrifugal robot |
| CN204287177U (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-22 | 山西省交通科学研究院 | A kind of soil-slope model test excavating device |
| CN207193873U (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-04-06 | 山东大学 | A kind of hydraulic model test reservoir stability slope control device |
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