CN107498053A - It is a kind of to eliminate the method that edge heap is high in laser gain material manufacture shaping - Google Patents
It is a kind of to eliminate the method that edge heap is high in laser gain material manufacture shaping Download PDFInfo
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- CN107498053A CN107498053A CN201710924071.4A CN201710924071A CN107498053A CN 107498053 A CN107498053 A CN 107498053A CN 201710924071 A CN201710924071 A CN 201710924071A CN 107498053 A CN107498053 A CN 107498053A
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- remelting
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- heap
- frame
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/364—Process control of energy beam parameters for post-heating, e.g. remelting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses the method that edge heap is high in laser gain material manufacture is eliminated, belong to material increasing field, it uses the phenomenon that edge heap is high in edge remelting control method control increases material manufacturing technology.By dividing archetype, remelting frame layer and inner nuclear layer are divided into, suitable technological parameter shaping different piece is set, no heap is high and intimate fully dense processing part so as to obtain.It can eliminate or mitigate the high phenomenon of edge heap, effectively improve the surface quality of shaping, so as to further improve formation of parts dimensional accuracy, mechanical property and shaping success rate.Implementation of the present invention is simple, cost-effective, is easy to engineer applied, can be widely used for increasing in material technology manufacture processing part.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material increasing field, and in particular to edge remelting method eliminates or mitigated laser gain material manufacture shaping
During the high phenomenon of edge heap method, for improving workpiece surface quality, dimensional accuracy, forming property and shaping successfully
Rate.
Background technology
Selective laser fusing (Selective Laser Melting, SLM) is current manufacture high-performance complex precise metal
One of main increases material manufacturing technology of part, its principle based on discrete/superposition, first carries out slicing delamination by three-dimensional CAD model
Processing, point-by-point, by-line is carried out to preset metal dust using the laser beam of trickle focal beam spot, high power density, successively selected
Selecting property melts, final to obtain high accuracy, almost high-performance, fully dense 3-dimensional metal part.
At present, SLM technologies can the material such as processing stainless steel, cast aluminium alloy gold, titanium alloy, nickel base superalloy, in biology
The fields such as medical treatment, Aero-Space, automobile making are with a wide range of applications.
Many-sided advantage be present compared with traditional manufacturing technology in SLM technologies.But in forming process, edge be present in each shaping layer
Apparently higher than the phenomenon of inner surface, the i.e. high phenomenon of edge heap.By being layering, heap high height in edge is constantly accumulated, finally
So that the height difference between edge and inner surface is very big, so that influenceing the normal traveling of scraper.Blade surface is damaged when serious,
Powdering quality is caused to decline, so as to reduce the consistency of the surface quality of each shaping layer and forming solid, performance, or even scraper breaks
Split and directly result in shaping failure, substantially reduce the service life of scraper and the shaping rate of part.Therefore, edge when SLM shapes
The high problem of heap needs research badly.
At present, the research on the high problem of SLM edges heap is rarely reported.Belgian Univ Louvain Tom Craeghs et al.
[Determination of geometrical factors in Layerwise Laser Melting using
Optical process monitoring] when to point out the high generation of edge heap be due to the shaping of first road, it is powder to melt road both sides
Body, heat can only conduct to the formed entity in bottom, and accumulation of heat is larger so that the highly significant in Shou Daorong roads is molten higher than follow-up
Road.But for the high generation mechanism analysis of edge heap and imperfection, also solves method without proposition is corresponding.
Evren Yasa et al. [Investigation on occurrence of elevated edges in
Selective laser melting] linear grating forming blocks are used, technological parameter is have studied with scanning strategy to edge heap
High influence.Research finds that edge heap height reduces with the increase of sweep speed；When sweep speed is higher, laser power pair
Heap high influence in edge is not notable, and when sweep speed is relatively low, edge heap Gao Ze increases with the increase of laser power.But
Although edge heap height can be improved by changing technological parameter, the consistency of block can not be taken into account, so as to further reduce formability
Energy.Meanwhile they also found：Influenceed less using subarea-scanning is high on edge heap；Profile scan make it that edge heap height is more aobvious
Write；Gradual change type laser power sweep can improve edge heap height but can not equally take into account the consistency of forming blocks.
For at present, heap high generation mechanism in edge is unclear in SLM forming processes, how in the same of densification shaping
When, eliminate or mitigate the high method of edge heap and also not yet propose.
The content of the invention
For drawbacks described above and Improvement requirement, it is high to eliminate edge heap in laser gain material manufacture shaping the invention provides one kind
Method, profiled surface quality can be improved, so as to improve formation of parts dimensional accuracy, performance and shaping success rate.The present invention
Method is simple to operate, it is easy to accomplish, engineer applied is significant.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided one kind is eliminated in laser gain material manufacture shaping
The high method of edge heap, forming solid model partition is attached most importance to edge-melting frame layer and inner nuclear layer two parts, and remelting frame layer is covered in
On inner nuclear layer, remelting frame has setting thickness, and kernel size is then identical with physical model size, is shaped inner nuclear layer, then
Scan remelting frame layer so that produce the high marginal position refuse of heap, metal bath tiles again, to eliminate or mitigate side
The high phenomenon of edge heap.Remelting frame and kernel use the filling mode of linear grating, when shaping remelting frame layer, using relative to
The laser for shaping inner nuclear layer compared with low energy densities carries out remelting to edge, and inner nuclear layer is then shaped using the technological parameter after optimization,
Ultimately form densification and without the high entity of heap.
Further, it comprises the following steps：
(1) Magics softwares are utilized, archetype is divided into remelting frame layer and inner nuclear layer two parts, remelting frame layer
Thickness with setting, the outer rim of remelting frame layer overlap with the outer rim of archetype.
Figure corresponding to mobile remelting frame layer and inner nuclear layer, makes two parts centre of figure and lower surface overlap, finally
Export stl file.
(2) by after processing figure import increasing material manufacturing equipment control software in, importing order be followed successively by inner nuclear layer and
Remelting frame layer, processing sequence are identical with importing order.
(3) inner nuclear layer is shaped, ensures the compactness and performance of shaping, reuses low energy densities processing remelting frame
Layer, remelting is carried out to the marginal position of formed part, reduces brim height.
Further, inner nuclear layer technological parameter is set：Laser power P=300W~400W, sweep speed v=500mm/s
~1500mm/s, sweep span l=0.08mm~0.12mm, scan mode are linear grating.
Further, remelting frame layer process parameter setting：Laser power is 0.4~0.6 times of left side of kernel shaping power
The right side, sweep speed v >=2000mm/s, seal ring thickness b >=0.1mm, sweep span l=0.08mm~0.12mm, scan mode are
Linear grating.
In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, it can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect：
Physical model is divided into marginal position and kernel two parts are formed, counterweight edge-melting frame sets suitable technique
Parameter, to eliminate or mitigate the high phenomenon of edge heap, profiled surface quality is improved, so as to improve formation of parts dimensional accuracy, performance
And shaping success rate.The inventive method is simple to operate, it is easy to accomplish, engineer applied is significant.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the height cloud atlas of fusing formed monolayer upper surface in selective laser in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the height cloud atlas that selective laser fusing shapes physically surface in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is remelting control method schematic diagram in edge in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the height cloud atlas using block upper surface after " edge remelting " control method processing of the invention.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of invention described below
Conflict can is not formed each other to be mutually combined.
SLM profiled edge heaps height is mainly caused by laser starting point Dui Gaoheshou Dao Rong roads heap height.Due to formation of parts side
Edge position is covered with laser starting point Dui Gaoheshou Dao Rong roads, therefore, can produce the high phenomenon of edge heap.According to SLM profiled edge heaps
High generation mechanism, the present invention provides " edge remelting " control method, specific as follows：
Edge remelting control method, forming solid model partition is attached most importance to edge-melting frame and kernel two parts.Remelting frame has
There is a certain thickness, kernel size is then identical with physical model size.When each shaping layer scans, kernel is shaped, is then scanned
Remelting frame so that produce the high marginal position refuse of heap, metal bath tiles again, eliminates or mitigates edge heap height.
Remelting frame and kernel use the filling mode of linear grating, and remelting frame is carried out using the laser of low energy densities to edge
Remelting, kernel is then using the shaping of the scan mode of the technological parameter after optimization and linear grating.
Control method demarcates the marginal position of physical model to be studied with kernel.Joined using the technique after optimization
Number shaping kernel, ensure the compactness and performance of entity；Processing is carried out to marginal position can eliminate or mitigate edge heap height now
As finally giving densification and without the high forming solid of heap.
The key of the present invention is by physical model being divided into marginal position and kernel two parts are formed, counterweight
Edge-melting frame sets suitable technological parameter, to eliminate or mitigate the high phenomenon of edge heap, profiled surface quality is improved, so as to improve into
Shape parts size precision, performance and shaping success rate.
Fig. 1 is the height cloud atlas of fusing formed monolayer upper surface in selective laser in the embodiment of the present invention, as seen from the figure, in list
In layer shaping, laser start position and first road melt pool height are apparently higher than other positions so that individual layer marginal position is higher than interior table
Face.
Fig. 2 is the height cloud atlas that selective laser fusing shapes physically surface in the embodiment of the present invention, as seen from the figure, single
The marginal position of layer is higher than inner surface, and in the forming process that SLM is successively superimposed, brim height is constantly cumulative, causes shaping real
Body marginal position is apparently higher than inner surface.
Prepare the part of block shape in the process of the present invention below, it is as follows respectively：
As shown in figure 3, it is edge remelting control method schematic diagram, it include kernel 1, remelting frame 2, moulded dimension and
Size of cores 3, seal ring thickness 4.Specific steps include：
(1) model is handled.Using Magics softwares, archetype is divided into remelting frame and kernel two parts.Remelting
Frame has certain thickness, and its outer rim overlaps with the outer rim of archetype.Mobile graphics, make two parts centre of figure and
Lower surface overlaps, and finally exports stl file.
(2) figure imports.Figure after processing is imported into process equipment control software.Importing order is followed successively by kernel, again
Edge-melting frame, processing sequence are also identical with this.
(3) technological parameter is set.In each shaping layer, then using the technological parameter processing kernel after optimization, ensure into
The compactness and performance of shape, remelting frame is processed using low energy densities, is carried out remelting to formed layer marginal position, is reduced side
Edge height.
Kernel technological parameter is set：Laser power P=300W~400W, sweep speed v=500mm/s~1500mm/s,
Sweep span l=0.08mm~0.12mm, scan mode are linear grating.Wherein, phase angle is chosen as A=90 °, powdering thickness
It is chosen as D=0.04mm.
Remelting frame technological parameter is set：Laser power is kernel shaping 0.4~0.6 times or so of power, sweep speed v
>=2000mm/s, seal ring thickness b >=0.1mm, sweep span l=0.08mm~0.12mm, scan mode are linear grating, phase
Angle is chosen as A=90 °, and scan mode is linear grating.
The present invention obtains almost complete cause by handling model, planning process sequence and the suitable technological parameter of relative set
Close and high without heap, surface quality is high, the good processing part of mechanical property.
In order to which various parameters are set in more detailed description the inventive method, lower mask body is entered with reference to more specific embodiments
Row illustrates, in following examples, the shaping of block part is carried out using remelting control method in edge of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment uses edge remelting control method, specifically comprises the following steps：
(1) model is handled.Using Magics softwares, archetype is divided into remelting frame and kernel two parts.Remelting
Frame has certain thickness, and its outer rim overlaps with the outer rim of archetype.Mobile graphics, make two parts centre of figure and
Lower surface overlaps, and finally exports stl file.
(2) figure imports.Figure after processing is imported into process equipment control software.Importing order is followed successively by kernel, again
Edge-melting frame, processing sequence are also identical with this.
(3) technological parameter is set.In each shaping layer, then using the technological parameter processing kernel after optimization, ensure into
The compactness and performance of shape, remelting frame is processed using low energy densities, is carried out remelting to formed layer marginal position, is reduced side
Edge height.
Kernel technological parameter is set：Kernel technological parameter is set：Laser power P=300W, sweep speed v=500mm/s,
Sweep span l=0.08mm, scan mode are linear grating.Wherein, phase angle is chosen as A=90 °, and powdering thickness is chosen as D
=0.04mm.
Remelting frame technological parameter is set：Laser power P=150W, sweep speed v >=2000mm/s, seal ring thickness
0.1mm, sweep span l=0.08mm, phase angle are chosen as A=90 °, and scan mode is linear grating；
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment uses edge remelting control method, its from embodiment 1 be only technological parameter setting it is different, its work
Skill parameter is arranged to：
Kernel technological parameter is set：Kernel technological parameter is set：Laser power P=350W, sweep speed v=1000mm/
S, sweep span l=0.1mm, scan mode are linear grating.Wherein, phase angle is chosen as A=105 °, and powdering thickness is chosen as
D=0.04mm.
Remelting frame technological parameter is set：Laser power P=140W, sweep speed v >=2000mm/s, seal ring thickness
0.2mm, sweep span l=0.1mm, phase angle are chosen as A=105 °, and scan mode is linear grating；
Shaped according to traditional approach, forming blocks marginal position is higher than 80 μm of inner surface, and the present embodiment finally shapes block
Body marginal position and inner surface difference in height are almost 10 μm, eliminate the high phenomenon of edge heap, as shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment uses edge remelting control method, its from embodiment 2 be only technological parameter setting it is different, its work
Skill parameter is arranged to：
Kernel technological parameter is set：Kernel technological parameter is set：Laser power P=400W, sweep speed v=1500mm/
S, sweep span l=0.12mm, scan mode are linear grating.Wherein, phase angle is chosen as A=67 °, and powdering thickness is chosen as
D=0.04mm.
Remelting frame technological parameter is set：Laser power P=240W, sweep speed v >=3000mm/s, seal ring thickness
0.3mm, sweep span l=0.12mm, phase angle are chosen as A=67 °, and scan mode is linear grating；
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principles of the invention etc., all should be included
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. eliminate the method that edge heap is high in laser gain material manufacture shaping, it is characterised in that forming solid model partition is attached most importance to
Edge-melting frame layer and inner nuclear layer two parts, remelting frame layer are wrapped in outside inner nuclear layer, and remelting frame has setting thickness, kernel size
It is then identical with physical model size,
Inner nuclear layer is shaped, then scans remelting frame layer so that produces the high marginal position refuse of heap, metal bath weight
New tiling, to eliminate or mitigate the high phenomenon of edge heap,
Remelting frame and kernel use the filling mode of linear grating, when being molded remelting frame layer, using relative in shaping
Stratum nucleare compared with low energy densities laser to edge carry out remelting, inner nuclear layer then using different from remelting frame layer technological parameter into
Shape.
2. the method that edge heap is high in laser gain material manufacture shaping is eliminated as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that it includes
Following steps：
(1) Magics softwares are utilized, archetype are divided into remelting frame layer and inner nuclear layer two parts, remelting frame layer has
The thickness of setting, the outer rim of remelting frame layer overlap with the outer rim of archetype,
Figure corresponding to mobile remelting frame layer and inner nuclear layer, makes two parts centre of figure and lower surface overlap, final export
Stl file,
(2) figure after processing is imported in the control software of increasing material manufacturing equipment, importing order is followed successively by inner nuclear layer and remelting
Frame layer, processing sequence is identical with importing order,
(3) inner nuclear layer is shaped, ensures the compactness and performance of shaping, reuses low energy densities processing remelting frame layer, it is right
The marginal position of formed part carries out remelting, reduces brim height.
3. the method that edge heap is high in laser gain material manufacture shaping is eliminated as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that inner nuclear layer
Technological parameter is arranged to：
Laser power P=300W~400W, sweep speed v=500mm/s~1500mm/s, sweep span l=0.08mm~
0.12mm, scan mode are linear grating.
4. the method that edge heap is high in laser gain material manufacture shaping is eliminated as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that remelting side
Frame layer process parameter is arranged to：
Laser power is to shape used in inner nuclear layer 0.4~0.6 times or so, sweep speed v >=2000mm/s of power, seal ring thickness
B >=0.1mm, sweep span l=0.08mm~0.12mm, scan mode are linear grating.
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107498053B (en) | 2019-06-18 |
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